Claims
- 1. A process for the isomerization of less-branched paraffinic hydrocarbons to more-branched paraffinic hydrocarbons which comprises contacting said less-branched paraffinic hydrocarbons in the vapor phase at a reaction temperature of from about 180.degree. to about 250.degree. F in the presence of hydrogen and a hydrogen halide with a solid catalytic composition comprising a fused salt complex of an aluminum halide selected from the class consisting of aluminum chloride, aluminum bromide and mixtures thereof and a manganous halide selected from the class consisting of manganous chloride, manganous bromide and mixtures thereof; present on the surfaces of a porous, refractory inorganic oxide carrier; said solid catalytic composition being formed by heating a composite mixture of the halide salt components of the fused salt complex to a temperature above the melting point of the composite, depositing the melted composite on the carrier surfaces and cooling of the carrier containing the melted composite to a temperature below the melting point of the fused salt complex.
- 2. The process according to claim 1 wherein the fused salt complex consists of 1-3 parts by weight of the aluminum halide and 3-1 parts by weight of the manganous halide.
- 3. The process according to claim 2 wherein the aluminum halide is aluminum chloride, the manganous halide is manganous chloride and the hydrogen halide is hydrogen chloride.
- 4. The process according to claim 2 wherein the aluminum halide is aluminum bromide, the manganous halide is manganous bromide and the hydrogen halide is hydrogen bromide.
- 5. The process according to claim 2 wherein the fused salt complex consists of 1-1.5 parts by weight of the aluminum halide and 1.5-1 parts by weight of the manganous halide.
- 6. The process according to claim 2 wherein the carrier is an alumina-containing material having a surface area in the range of 150-500 m.sup.2 /g.
- 7. The process according to claim 6 wherein the carrier is prechlorided such that it contains 0.5 to 5% by weight chloride ion based on carrier weight.
- 8. The process according to claim 7 wherein the aluminum halide is aluminum chloride and the manganous halide is manganous chloride.
- 9. The process according to claim 2 wherein the fused salt complex makes up about 10 to about 60% by weight of the finished catalyst.
- 10. The process according to claim 3 wherein the fused salt complex makes up about 10 to about 50% by weight of the finished catalyst.
- 11. The process according to claim 4 wherein the fused salt complex makes up about 40 to about 60% by weight of the finished catalyst.
- 12. The process according to claim 8 wherein the carrier is a gamma alumina having a surface area in the range of 150-300 m.sup.2 /g.
- 13. The process according to claim 2 wherein a metal hydrogenation function selected from metals in Group VIII of the Periodic table of elements is incorporated into said catalyst composition.
- 14. The process according to claim 13 wherein the metal hydrogenation function is present in the catalyst composition in a quantity ranging from about 0.1 to 10% by weight of the finished catalyst.
- 15. The process according to claim 14 wherein the metal hydrogenation function is selected from the class consisting of nickel, cobalt and platinum.
- 16. The process according to claim 2 wherein the less-branched paraffinic hydrocarbons are normal paraffin hydrocarbons in the C.sub.4 to C.sub.7 carbon number range.
- 17. The process according to claim 16 wherein the reaction temperature is in the range of 180.degree. to 235.degree. F.
- 18. The process according to claim 17 wherein hydrogen is present in said vapor phase at a mole ratio of about 1 to 10 based on the hydrocarbon feed and the hydrogen halide is selected from the class consisting of hydrogen chloride and hydrogen bromide, said hydrogen halide being present in gaseous form at a concentration of 1 to 20% by weight of the total vapor phase.
- 19. The process according to claim 18 wherein the less-branched paraffinic hydrocarbons consist principally of C.sub.5 and C.sub.6 straight-chain saturated hydrocarbons with lesser amounts of iospentane, 2-methylpentane or mixtures thereof and minor quantities of C.sub.6 naphthenic hydrocarbons also included in said contacting.
- 20. The process according to claim 19 wherein said C.sub.6 naphthenic hydrocarbons comprise no more than about 5% by volume of said less-branched paraffinic hydrocarbons.
- 21. The process according to claim 20 wherein the reaction temperature is in the range of 200.degree. to 230.degree. F.
- 22. The process according to claim 21 wherein the carrier is an alumina-containing material having a surface area in the range of 150 to 500 m.sup.2 /g.
- 23. The process according to claim 22 wherein the carrier is prechlorided such that it contains 0.5 to 5% by weight chloride ion based on carrier weight.
- 24. The process according to the claim 16 wherein the reaction pressure ranges from about 200 to about 500 psig.
- 25. The process according to claim 21 wherein the reaction pressure ranges from about 300 to about 350 psig.
Parent Case Info
This is a division of application Ser. No. 593,336, filed July 3, 1975, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,992,326.
US Referenced Citations (2)
Number |
Name |
Date |
Kind |
2082500 |
Kuentzel |
Jun 1937 |
|
3992326 |
Benson, Jr. |
Nov 1976 |
|
Foreign Referenced Citations (1)
Number |
Date |
Country |
1,001,767 |
Aug 1965 |
UK |
Divisions (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
593336 |
Jul 1975 |
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