Patent Application
20230401408
The present disclosure relates to an item management system, an item management method, a reading apparatus, and an information processing apparatus.
Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a technology that allows information embedded in a small device which is also referred to as a tag to be read by an external reader through short-range wireless communication. For example, an RFID tag in which unique identification information is embedded is attached to an item so that a location of the item can be efficiently known for item stock and distribution management and that visualization of information on managed items becomes easier. Among others, a passive type RFID tag, which transmits information utilizing energy of electromagnetic wave emitted from a reader, does not require a battery, leading to low manufacturing cost and semi-permanent operation. Hence, it has become widely-used not only in the stock and distribution management but also in various applications.
Patent Literature 1 discloses an example of a system which makes use of RFID tags for item management purpose. The system of Patent Literature 1 includes RFID tags attached to items sold in a store, and a rewriting apparatus installed at an exit of the store. When a purchaser of an item passes the exit, the rewriting apparatus reads identification information and price information from the RFID tag of the item and credit information from a credit card of the purchaser to process the payment and rewrite the owner of the item.
PTL 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2018-156277
In a situation assumed by Patent Literature 1 where a commercial product is sold, an explicit procedure of payment triggers transfer of an ownership of the commercial product. However, in general situations where an item is transferred between a plurality of entities, an explicit procedure that triggers the transfer is not always present and, even when there is a certain procedure such as inspection, it is desirable to make the procedure more efficient.
In light of the foregoing, the present invention aims at realizing a mechanism to make it possible to efficiently perform transfer of an item between entities.
According to an aspect, there is provided an item management system for managing item data that indicates an entity to which an item belongs among a plurality of entities comprising: a first wireless device installed at a first position; a second wireless device that moves together with the item; at least one reading apparatus that reads identification information stored in a wireless device; and a management unit configured to manage the item data; wherein, in a state where the item data indicates that the item belongs to a second entity related to a second position which is different from the first position, the management unit is configured to update the item data such that the item data indicates that the item belongs to a first entity related to the first position provided that a first reading apparatus has read identification information of the first wireless device and identification information of the second wireless device. A corresponding method, a reading apparatus and an information processing apparatus are also provided.
According to another aspect, there is provided an item management system for managing item data that indicates an entity to which an item belongs among a plurality of entities comprising: a first wireless device installed at a first position; a second wireless device that moves together with the item; at least one reading apparatus that reads identification information stored in a wireless device; and a management unit configured to manage the item data; wherein, in a state where the item data indicates that the item belongs to a first entity related to the first position, the management unit is configured to update the item data such that the item data indicates that the item belongs to a second entity provided that a second reading apparatus associated with the second entity has read identification information of the first wireless device and identification information of the second wireless device, wherein the second reading apparatus being associated with the second entity includes at least one of: existence of data which associates the second reading apparatus with the second entity, or the second reading apparatus having read identification information of a user device associated with the second entity. A corresponding method, a reading apparatus and an information processing apparatus are also provided.
Further features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain principles of the present disclosure.
Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. Note, the following embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention. Multiple features are described in the embodiments, but limitation is not made to an invention that requires all such features, and multiple such features may be combined as appropriate.
Furthermore, in the attached drawings, the same reference numerals are given to the same or similar configurations, and redundant description thereof is omitted.
<1-1. System Overview>
An item may be a non-living object (for example, a machine, equipment, a tool, material, consumable goods, a vehicle, or a robot) or a living object (for example, an animal or a plant). Just to mention a few examples, the item management system 1 may be applied to various scenes such as transfers of construction machines between a construction developer and a machinery rental business operator, transfers of business equipment between a company and a leasing business operator, deliveries of goods from a transportation operator to users, assignments of farm animals between farmers, or the like.
The item management system 1 includes position tags 40a, 40b, 40c which are installed at different positions, item tags 50a, 50b, 50c which are attached to items, at least two tag readers 100a, 100b, a management server 200, and user terminals 300a, 300b. It should be noted that, in the following descriptions, the tag readers 100a, 100b are collectively referred to as tag readers 100 by omitting the trailing alphabets from the reference signs when they do not need to be distinguished from each other. The same applies to the position tags 40a, 40b, 40c (position tags 40), the item tags 50a, 50b, 50c (item tags 50), and the user terminals 300a, 300b (user terminals 300), as well as any other constituent elements.
The tag readers 100, the management server 200, and the user terminals 300 are connected to a network 5. The network 5 may be a wired network, a wireless network, or any combination thereof. Examples of the network 5 may include the Internet, an intranet, and a cloud network.
The position tags 40 are wireless devices which are installed in respective possible places where a user may store an item in the item management system 1.
The item tags 50 are wireless devices which are attached to respective items managed in the item management system 1.
In the present embodiment, each of the tags such as the position tags 40 and the item tags 50 is assumed to be a passive-type RFID tag (a passive tag). A passive tag is composed of: a small integrated circuit (IC) chip with an embedded memory; and an antenna, and has identification information for identifying the tag and some other information stored in the memory. In this specification, identification information is simply referred to as an ID, and identification information for identifying a tag is referred to as a tag ID. It should be noted that the tag ID may be considered as information for identifying an object to which the tag is attached. The IC chip of a passive tag operates by utilizing energy of an electromagnetic wave emitted from a tag reader, and modulates the information stored in the memory into an information signal to transmit (send back) the information signal from the antenna.
It should be noted that, in another embodiment, each tag may be an active-type RFID tag. If each tag actively (for example, periodically) transmits information to its vicinity by utilizing power from a built-in battery, such a tag may be called a beacon tag. In a further embodiment, each tag may be a wireless device which sends back information in response to a signal from a reader in accordance with Near Field Communication (NFC) protocol or Bluetooth (registered trademark) protocol, for example. Each tag may have any name such as an IC tag, an IC card, or a responder.
The tag reader 100 is a reading apparatus that reads information from the RFID tags. The tag reader 100 performs reading periodically or in response to a certain trigger such as a user operation, and transmits a tag reading result to the management server 200. The tag reader 100 may be capable of communicating with the management server 200 directly or indirectly via a certain relay apparatus.
The management server 200 is an information processing apparatus that manages item data indicating to which entity among two or more entities each item 30 belongs. The management server 200 may be implemented as an application server, a database server, or a cloud server by using a high-end general-purpose computer, for example. The management server 200 receives tag reading results from respective tag readers 100, and updates the item data such that it reflects the latest management statuses of the respective items 30 based on the received tag reading results. The management server 200 also has an information provision function to provide a user with item-related information. The item-related information is typically provided to a user on a screen of the user terminal 300. An example of a particular configuration of the management server 200 will be further described later.
In the example in
The user terminal 300 is a terminal apparatus that is utilized by a user of the item management system 1. The user terminal 300 may be a general-purpose terminal such as a personal computer (PC) or a smartphone, or a dedicated terminal specialized for an item management purpose. The user terminal 300 typically comprises an input device that receives user inputs, a communication interface that communicates with other apparatuses (for example, the management server 200), and a display device that displays information. As an example, the user terminal 300 is utilized by a user to make inquiries to the management server 200 about the item-related information. As another example, the user terminal 300 is utilized by a user to input reservation of an operation to transfer an item between entities. Examples of user interfaces provided by the user terminal 300 to a user in these situations will further be described later.
It should be noted that, though
<1-2. Configuration Example of Tag Reader>
The control unit 101 consists of a memory to store computer programs, and one or more processors (for example, central processing units (CPUs)) to execute the computer programs. The control unit 101 controls overall functionality of the tag reader 100 described in this specification. For example, the control unit 101 causes the reading unit 106 to perform reading from an RFID tag within a tag reading range, and causes the storage unit 102 to temporarily store the read information and the time of the reading as reading result data. The control unit 101 may cause the positioning unit 104 to perform positioning of the current position, and add coordinates indicative of the current position to the reading result data. Then, the control unit 101 transmits, to the management server 200 via the communication unit 103, the reading result data stored in the storage unit 102 together with the reader identification information of the tag reader 100.
The storage unit 102 may include any kind of storage medium such as a semiconductor memory (e.g. a read only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), and the like), an optical disk, or a magnetic disk, for example. In the present embodiment, the storage unit 102 stores the above-described reading result data, the result of positioning by the positioning unit 104, and the reader identification information of the tag reader 100.
The communication unit 103 is a communication interface for the tag reader 100 to communicate with the management server 200. For example, the communication unit 103 may be a wireless local area network (WLAN) interface that communicates with a WLAN access point, or a cellular communication interface that communicates with a cellular base station. Alternatively, the communication unit 103 may be a connection interface (e.g. a Bluetooth (registered trademark) interface or a universal serial bus (USB) interface) for connection with a relay apparatus (for example, a mobile terminal carried by the user 20).
The positioning unit 104 is a positioning module that measures or estimates the current position of the tag reader 100. The positioning unit 104 may measure a relative movement from a reference position using, for example, a triaxial accelerometer, a gyroscope sensor, and a geomagnetic sensor, and calculate positional coordinates of the current position by adding the relative movement to known coordinates of the reference position. Herein, the reference position may be the position of the position tag 40, for example. Alternatively, the positioning unit 104 may be a GPS module that measures the current geographical position of the tag reader 100 by utilizing the global positioning system (GPS). Alternatively, the positioning unit 104 may be a positioning module that performs a base station positioning or a wireless LAN positioning to estimate the current position by utilizing known positional coordinates of a base station or a wireless LAN access point to which an apparatus is connected. The positioning unit 104 outputs, to the control unit 101, two-dimensional or three-dimensional positional coordinates which indicate the current position of the tag reader 100 obtained as the result of positioning.
The power supply 105 includes a battery and a DC-DC converter, and supplies power for operating electronic circuits of the control unit 101, the storage unit 102, the communication unit 103, the positioning unit 104 and the reading unit 106 of the tag reader 100. The battery may include a primary cell, or a rechargeable secondary cell. Although not illustrated in the figure, the tag reader 100 may have a connection terminal to connect the tag reader 100 to an external power source for recharging the power supply 105.
The reading unit 106 is a reading module that is capable of reading, from the position tags 40 installed at the respective positions in the item management system 1 and the item tags 50 that move together with the items 30, identification information stored in respective RFID tags. With reference to
In the present embodiment, the reading unit 106 can attempt tag reading periodically (for example, once per second) without requiring any explicit command from a user. Transmission of the reading result data from the communication unit 103 to the management server 200 can also be performed periodically (for example, every few seconds) or whenever the tag reading is done without requiring any explicit command from a user. The control unit 101 may exclude, from the reading result data to be transmitted, the same record as the most recent record that has already been transmitted in a predetermined time period to omit redundant data transmission and reduce a communication load. It should be noted that, in another embodiment, one or both of an attempt of tag reading by the reading unit 106 and transmission of the reading result data to the management server 200 may be performed in response to a user input via a certain user interface arranged in the tag reader 100. In a case where the communication unit 103 performs communication with the management server 200 indirectly via a relay apparatus, the transmission of the reading result data to the management server 200 may be performed only while there is an effective connection between the communication unit 103 and the relay apparatus.
<1-3. Configuration Example of Management Server>
<1-3-1. Basic Configuration>
The communication unit 210 is a communication interface for the management server 200 to communicate with other apparatuses. The communication unit 210 may be a wired communication interface or a wireless communication interface. In the present embodiment, the communication unit 210 communicates with the tag readers 100 and the user terminals 300 within the item management system 1. The item DB 220 consists of tables for managing data indicating to which entity each of the items under the management of the system belongs. In the present embodiment, the item DB 220 includes an item table 310, a place table 320, a reader table 330, a user table 340, a reading result table 350, a delivery reservation table 360, and a pickup reservation table 370. The item management unit 230 is a set of software modules that provide item management functions for managing data within the item DB 220. The individual software modules can run by one or more processors (not shown) of the management server 200 executing computer programs stored in a memory (not shown). In the present embodiment, the item management unit 230 includes a tag processing unit 231, a position management unit 232, a transfer processing unit 233, and an information provision unit 234.
<1-3-2. Examples of Master Data>
The item table 310, the place table 320, the reader table 330 and the user table 340 in the item DB 220 are tables that serve as so-called master data registered in the item DB 220 in advance.
The item table 310 has six data elements including Tag ID 311, Item ID 312, Name 313, Organization 314, Storage Place 315, and Coordinates 316. Tag ID 311 is identification information that uniquely identifies an item tag 50 attached to each of items under the management of the system. The value of Tag ID 311 is the same as the value of the tag ID stored within the corresponding item tag 50. Item ID 312 is identification information that uniquely identifies each item. Name 313 represents a name of each item. In the example of
The place table 320 has five data elements including Tag ID 321, Place ID 322, Name 323, Organization 324, and Coordinates 325. Tag ID 321 is identification information that uniquely identifies a position tag 40 installed in each of the places under the management of the system. The value of Tag ID 321 is the same as the value of the tag ID stored within the corresponding position tag 40. Place ID 322 is identification information that uniquely identifies each place. Name 323 represents a name of each place. In the example of
The reader table 330 has three data elements including Reader ID 331, Name 332, and Organization 333. Reader ID 331 is identification information that uniquely identifies each of the tag readers 100 utilized in the system. Name 332 represents a name of each reader. In the example of
The user table 340 has three data elements including User ID 341, Name 342, and Organization 343. User ID 341 is identification information that uniquely identifies each of the users 20 who utilize the item management system 1. Name 342 represents a name of each user. In the example of
<1-3-3. Awareness of Item Storage Status>
The tag processing unit 231 of the item management unit 230 adds, to the reading result table 350, reading result data received from each of the tag readers 100 via the communication unit 210. Herein, an inventory operation, which is a kind of operation during which the reading result data is created, is taken as an example to describe a configuration example of the reading result data stored in the reading result table 350 using
In the left side of
With reference to
After adding a record of reading result data received from the tag reader 100 to the reading result table 350, the tag processing unit 231 invokes the position management unit 232. The position management unit 232 updates the values of Coordinates 316 of the corresponding item in the item table 310 with the latest positional coordinates of the item tag 50 indicated by the record added to the reading result table 350. Further, the position management unit 232 determines correspondence between the tag ID of the position tag 40 and the tag ID of the item tag 50 based on temporal correlation between corresponding records of the multiple reading results received from the same reading apparatus. For example, the position management unit 232 knows, from the records #1 and #2 illustrated in
In this way, the item management unit 230 maintains the data within the item DB 220 such that it reflects the latest status regarding in which place each item 30 under the management of the system is currently stored and at which coordinates each item 30 is located.
<1-3-4. Transfer of Item (Change of Entity to which Item Belongs)>
In the previous section, a process of simply tracking movement of an item within the same entity has been described. Next, in this section, how to handle transfer of ownership right, use right, information access authority, or management responsibility of an item, that is, transfer of an item between entities will be described. Herein, two types of operation models including item delivery and item pickup will be mainly described as operations to transfer items. The item delivery refers to an operation where a person-in-charge of a transfer source entity for an item moves (for example, transports) the item to a place related to a transfer destination entity. The item pickup refers to an operation where a person-in-charge of a transfer destination entity for an item visits a place related to a transfer source entity to pick up the item. It should be noted that these names of operation models are mere examples and any name other than “delivery” and “pickup” may be used.
In the present embodiment, the transfer processing unit 233 receives in advance, for both of the delivery and the pickup, reservation information which indicates that the operation to transfer an item 30 will be carried out. Then, the transfer processing unit 233 changes the entity to which the item 30 belongs in the item DB 220 based on a result of reading by at least one tag reader 100 and the received reservation information.
(1) Reception of Delivery Reservation
The transfer processing unit 233 causes the display device of the user terminal 300 to display a delivery reservation screen which provides a user interface (UI) for receiving a reservation of a delivery operation. The transfer processing unit 233 stores delivery reservation information received via the delivery reservation screen in the delivery reservation table 360 of the item DB 220.
The transfer processing unit 233 receives such delivery reservation information via the delivery reservation screen 400. With reference to the right side of
It should be noted that the delivery reservation screen 400 illustrated in
(2) Transfer of Item by Delivery
For ease of explanation, it is assumed here that a target item (for example, the item 30a) that belongs to a second entity (for example, Company A) related to a second position is transferred to a first entity (for example, Company B) related to a first position. It should be noted that, in the present Specification, the modifiers such as “first” and “second” are used only for the purpose of distinguishing multiple objects from each other, and that the modifiers do not mean any ordered relation at all. Before the delivery operation is performed, the item table 310 indicates that the target item belongs to the second entity. Starting with this status, the transfer processing unit 233 updates the item table 310 such that it indicates that the target item belongs to the first entity, provided that at least a first reading apparatus has read the tag ID of the position tag of the first position and the tag ID of the item tag of the target item. In the example where the item 30a is delivered to the place 10b, the position tag of the first position corresponds to the position tag 40b, and the item tag of the target item corresponds to the item tag 50a. The above condition means that the tag reading result indicates that the target item has been appropriately delivered to the place related to the first entity (for example, the place under the management of the first entity).
As a first practical example, the delivery to an appropriate place may be confirmed by the first reading apparatus (for example, the tag reader 100b) associated with the first entity and a second reading apparatus (for example, the tag reader 100a) associated with the second entity. As a second practical example, the delivery to an appropriate place may be confirmed only by the first reading apparatus (for example, the tag reader 100b) associated with the first entity which receives the target item.
According to this first practical example, an appropriate execution of the delivery operation is confirmed based on the results of tag reading by both of the tag reader under the management of the transfer source entity and the tag reader under the management of the transfer destination entity. Therefore, it is possible to appropriately change the entity to which the item belongs with surely preventing the parties concerned in the transfer from missing each other.
According to this second practical example, an execution of the delivery operation is confirmed based on the result of tag reading by the tag reader under the management of the transfer destination entity, and accordingly the entity to which the item belongs is changed in the item DB 220. Therefore, the person-in-charge on the transfer source entity side is not necessarily required to activate its own tag reader at the time of delivery, which allows for avoiding an inconvenient situation where the update of the item data fails due to the tag reader being not carried or malfunctioning (for example, battery exhaustion).
In both of the practical examples, the transfer processing unit 233 changes the entity to which the target item belongs based on the result of tag reading at least by the first reading apparatus and on the delivery reservation information indicating that the operation to move the target item to the destination will be carried out. This means that, when no valid delivery reservation information exists, the entity to which the target item belongs is not changed based only on the tag reading result. Therefore, if the tag ID of an item to be transported to a certain destination is unintentionally read by a tag reader in another place visited on the way or if the item is taken into an inappropriate place by a third party, it is possible to prevent a situation where the entity to which the item belongs is incorrectly changed. The transfer processing unit 233 may alert a user if the reading result data indicates that, in terms of a certain item, a tag reader has read the position tag of a place neither under the management of the entity to which the item currently belongs nor designated as the destination in the reservation information, as well as the item tag of this item. This allows the user to promptly notice that the item has been incorrectly transported or improperly taken out. It should be noted that such a cross-check with the reservation information is not always needed. For example, in an environment where no problems are caused by a tag reader unintentionally reading the tag ID, simple transfer management without the cross-check with the reservation information is also advantageous. The same applies to pickup reservation described later.
(3) Reception of Pickup Reservation
The transfer processing unit 233 causes the display device of the user terminal 300 to display a pickup reservation screen which provides a UI for receiving a reservation of a pickup operation. The transfer processing unit 233 stores pickup reservation information received via the pickup reservation screen in the pickup reservation table 370 of the item DB 220.
The transfer processing unit 233 receives such pickup reservation information via the pickup reservation screen 500. With reference to the right side of
It should be noted that the pickup reservation screen 500 illustrated in
(4) Transfer of Item by Pickup
For ease of explanation, it is assumed here that a target item (for example, the item 30a) that belongs to a first entity (for example, Company B) related to a first position is transferred through the pickup operation to a second entity (for example, Company A) related to a second position. Before the pickup operation is performed, the item table 310 indicates that the target item belongs to the first entity. Starting with this status, the transfer processing unit 233 updates the item table 310 such that it indicates that the target item belongs to the second entity, when a second reading apparatus associated with the second entity reads the tag ID of the position tag of the first position and the tag ID of the item tag of the target item. In the present embodiment, the state where the second reading apparatus is associated with the second entity means that there exists data which associates the second reading apparatus with the second entity. For example, as explained using
After picking up the item 30a at the place 10b, the user 20a takes the item 30a back to the place 10a under the management of the entity E1, for example. The tag reader 100a reads the tag ID of the position tag 40a installed at the place 10a and the tag ID of the item tag 50a of the item 30a, and transmits the reading result data to the management server 200. The tag processing unit 231 of the management server 200 stores this reading result data received via the communication unit 210 in the reading result table 350.
The reading result table 350 in
According to such an embodiment, the entity to which the item belongs can be changed after an appropriate execution of the pickup operation is confirmed based on the result of tag reading by the tag reader under the management of the transfer destination entity.
The transfer processing unit 233 changes the entity to which the target item belongs based on the result of tag reading by the second reading apparatus under the management of the pickup party and on the pickup reservation information indicating that a person-in-charge of the pickup party will perform the operation to pick up the target item from the current storage place. This means that, when no valid pickup reservation information exists, the entity to which the target item belongs is not changed based only on the tag reading result. Therefore, if an item is incorrectly handed over to a third party who has the tag reader 100 but is not the legitimate pickup party, it is possible to prevent a situation where the entity to which the item belongs is changed accordingly. In this case, the transfer processing unit 233 may also alert a user associated with the entity to which the target item currently belongs as in the case of incorrect delivery.
(5) Correspondence Determination based on Temporal Correlation
In the present embodiment, the transfer processing unit 233 may determine the correspondence between the tag IDs read from two or more tags based on the temporal correlation between reading results received from the same tag reader 100 as in the position management unit 232. For example, the transfer processing unit 233 knows, from the records #6 and #7 of the reading result table 350 illustrated in
<1-3-5. Provision of Item-Related Information>
The information provision unit 234 provides the user terminal 300 of a user associated with each entity with information related to items belonging to that entity based on data maintained by the item DB 220. For example, the item-related information provided to the user terminal 300 includes at least one of the item ID, the name, the storage place, the position information, and the status of operation such as delivery or pickup for each item. When a user who is a member of a certain entity has logged in to the system, the login user can be provided with only information related to items belonging to the entity. Alternatively, the login user may also be provided with information related to an item which is expected to belong to the entity or an item which has previously belonged to the entity in such a manner that these statuses are distinguishable. Access to the information may be controlled on a device basis rather than (or in addition to) a user basis. That is, the information provision unit 234 may provide an accessing user terminal 300 with only information related to items belonging to the entity associated with the accessing user terminal 300.
It should be noted that the information provision screen 800 illustrated in
<1-4. Process Flow>
In this section, examples of process flows in the item management system 1 according to the present embodiment will be described using sequence diagrams in
<1-4-1. Inventory>
The upper part of
First, in S111, when the user 20a who carries the tag reader 100a visits the place 10a, the tag reader 100a reads the tag ID from the item tag 50 of at least one item 30 stored in the place 10a. Next, in S112, the tag reader 100a reads the tag ID from the position tag 40a installed at the place 10a. When a timing of communication with the management server 200 arrives, in S113, the tag reader 100a transmits the reading result data indicative of the result of the tag reading that has been performed by then to the management server 200.
The tag processing unit 231 of the management server 200 adds the reading result data received from the tag reader 100a in S113 to the reading result table 350, and invokes the position management unit 232. In S114, the position management unit 232 updates the positional coordinates (the values of Coordinates 316 of the item table 310) of the at least one item 30 stored in the place 10a based on the reading result data added to the reading result table 350. If the detected item 30 has been newly moved from another place (for example, place 10c) to the place 10a, the position management unit 232 also updates the storage place (the value of Storage Place 315 of the item table 310) of that item 30.
Meanwhile, in S115, when the user 20b who carries the tag reader 100b visits the place 10b, the tag reader 100b reads the tag ID from the item tag 50 of at least one item 30 stored in the place 10b. Next, in S116, the tag reader 100b reads the tag ID from the position tag 40b installed at the place 10b. When a timing of communication with the management server 200 arrives, in S117, the tag reader 100b transmits the reading result data indicative of the result of the tag reading that has been performed by then to the management server 200.
In S118, the tag processing unit 231 and the position management unit 232 of the management server 200 update, as in S114, the positional coordinates (and the storage place as necessary) of the detected item 30 based on the reading result data received from the tag reader 100b.
<1-4-2. Delivery Reservation>
The lower part of
First, in S121, the user 20a who has logged in to the item management system 1 on the user terminal 300a opens the delivery reservation screen 400 and inputs delivery reservation information such as a delivery target item, a transfer destination entity, a destination place, and an expected delivery date. In S122, the user terminal 300a transmits the input delivery reservation information to the management server 200.
In S123, the transfer processing unit 233 of the management server 200 registers the received delivery reservation by adding the delivery reservation information received from the user terminal 300a in S122 to the delivery reservation table 360. The transfer processing unit 233 sets the status of the newly registered delivery reservation (the value of Status 365 of the delivery reservation table 360) to ‘Reserved’.
<1-4-3. Delivery>
The upper part of
First, in S131, when the user 20a who carries the tag reader 100a arrives at the place 10b, the tag reader 100a reads the tag ID from the item tag 50a of the item 30a that has been moved to the place 10b. Next, in S132, the tag reader 100a reads the tag ID from the position tag 40b installed at the place 10b. When a timing of communication with the management server 200 arrives, in S133, the tag reader 100a transmits the reading result data indicative of the result of the tag reading that has been performed by then to the management server 200. The tag processing unit 231 of the management server 200 adds the reading result data received from the tag reader 100a in S133 to the reading result table 350.
In S135, the tag reader 100b carried by the user 20b in the place 10b reads the tag ID from the item tag 50a of the item 30a. Next, in S136, the tag reader 100b reads the tag ID from the position tag 40b installed at the place 10b. When a timing of communication with the management server 200 arrives, in S137, the tag reader 100b transmits the reading result data indicative of the result of the tag reading that has been performed by then to the management server 200. The tag processing unit 231 of the management server 200 adds the reading result data received from the tag reader 100b in S137 to the reading result table 350.
The transfer processing unit 233 of the management server 200, for example, periodically reads the delivery reservation information from the delivery reservation table 360 and checks whether it has a delivery reservation whose status is to be updated. When a timing of check arrives, in S180, the transfer processing unit 233 executes a delivery status update process and updates the entity to which the item 30a belongs (the value of Organization 314 of the item table 310) based on the reading result data received in S133 and S137. Here, the entity to which the item 30a belongs is updated from the entity E1 (Company A) to the entity E2 (Company B). An example of a detailed flow of the delivery status update process in S180 will be further described later.
<1-4-4. Information Inquiry>
The lower part of
First, in S141, the user 20a who has logged in to the item management system 1 on the user terminal 300a invokes the information provision screen 800. In S142, the user terminal 300a requests the management server 200 to provide the item-related information that is allowed to be accessed by the user 20a. In S143, since the user 20a is associated with the entity E1 in the user table 340, the information provision unit 234 of the management server 200 obtains the item-related information of one or more items 30 belonging to the entity E1 from the item DB 220. Then, in S144, the information provision unit 234 transmits the obtained item-related information to the user terminal 300a. In S145, the user terminal 300a causes the information provision screen 800 to display the item-related information received from the management server 200.
<1-4-5. Pickup Reservation>
The upper part of
First, in S151, the user 20b who has logged in to the item management system 1 on the user terminal 300b invokes the pickup reservation screen 500 and inputs pickup reservation information such as a pickup target item, a transfer destination entity (pickup party), and an expected pickup date. In S152, the user terminal 300b transmits the input pickup reservation information to the management server 200.
In S153, the transfer processing unit 233 of the management server 200 resisters the received pickup reservation by adding the pickup reservation information received from the user terminal 300b in S152 to the pickup reservation table 370. The transfer processing unit 233 sets the status of the newly registered pickup reservation (the value of Status 375 of the pickup reservation table 370) to ‘Reserved’.
<1-4-6. Pickup>
The middle part of
First, in S161, when the user 20a who carries the tag reader 100a arrives at the place 10b, the tag reader 100a reads the tag ID from the item tag 50a of the item 30a stored in the place 10b. Next, in S162, the tag reader 100a reads the tag ID from the position tag 40b installed at the place 10b. When a timing of communication with the management server 200 arrives, in S163, the tag reader 100a transmits the reading result data indicative of the result of the tag reading that has been performed by then to the management server 200. The tag processing unit 231 of the management server 200 adds the reading result data received from the tag reader 100a in S163 to the reading result table 350.
The transfer processing unit 233, for example, periodically reads the pickup reservation information from the pickup reservation table 370 and checks whether it has a pickup reservation whose status is to be updated. When a timing of check arrives, in S190, the transfer processing unit 233 executes a pickup status update process and updates the entity to which the item 30a belongs (the value of Organization 314 of the item table 310) based on the reading result data received in S163. Here, the entity to which the item 30a belongs is updated from the entity E2 (Company B) to the entity E1 (Company A). An example of a detailed flow of the pickup status update process in S190 will be further described later.
The lower part of
First, in S171, the tag reader 100a carried by the user 20a reads the tag ID from the item tag 50a of the item 30a that has been returned to the place 10a. Next, in S172, the tag reader 100a reads the tag ID from the position tag 40a installed at the place 10a. When a timing of communication with the management server 200 arrives, in S173, the tag reader 100a transmits the reading result data indicative of the result of the tag reading that has been performed by then to the management server 200.
The tag processing unit 231 of the management server 200 adds the reading result data received from the tag reader 100a in S173 to the reading result table 350, and invokes the position management unit 232. In S174, the position management unit 232 updates the storage place and the positional coordinates (the values of Storage Place 315 and Coordinates 316 of the item table 310) of the item 30a based on the reading result data added to the reading result table 350.
<1-4-7. Delivery Status Update Process (First Practical Example)>
First, in S181, the transfer processing unit 233 reads an uncompleted delivery reservation record from the delivery reservation table 360. It should be noted that only a record indicating a date before a current day as the expected delivery date may be subject to the reading by the transfer processing unit 233. Next, in S182, the transfer processing unit 233 identifies the delivery target item, the transfer source entity, the destination, and the transfer destination entity from the read record and the master data of the item DB 220.
Then, in S183, the transfer processing unit 233 refers to the reading result table 350 to determine whether the tag reader 100 of the transfer source entity has read the tag ID of the item tag of the target item and the tag ID of the position tag installed at the destination place. In addition, in S184, the transfer processing unit 233 refers to the reading result table 350 to determine whether the tag reader 100 of the transfer destination entity has read the tag ID of the item tag of the target item and the tag ID of the position tag installed at the destination place.
When at least one of the determination conditions in S183 and S184 is not satisfied (a determination result is No), subsequent process steps of S185 to S187 are skipped. When both the determination conditions are satisfied (the determination results are Yes), in S185, the transfer processing unit 233 changes the status of the delivery reservation record read in S181 to ‘Complete’. Then, in S186, the transfer processing unit 233 changes the value of Organization 314 of the target item record of the item table 310 to a value indicating the transfer destination entity.
Then, in S187, the position management unit 232 updates the values of Storage Place 315 and Coordinates 316 of the target item record of the item table 310 into the respective latest values.
Then, in S188, the transfer processing unit 233 determines whether the delivery reservation table 360 still has another uncompleted delivery reservation record to be processed next. If there remains a next delivery reservation record, the process returns to S181, and the next delivery reservation record is also processed in S181 to S187 as described above. When the next delivery reservation record does not remain, the delivery status update process of
<1-4-8. Delivery Status Update Process (Second Practical Example)>
A difference from the flow chart of
<1-4-9. Pickup Status Update Process>
First, in S191, the transfer processing unit 233 reads an uncompleted pickup reservation record from the pickup reservation table 370. It should be noted that only a record indicating a date before a current day as the expected pickup date may be subject to the reading by the transfer processing unit 233. Next, in S192, the transfer processing unit 233 identifies the pickup target item, the current storage place of the target item (pickup place), and the transfer destination entity (pickup party) from the read record and the master data of the item DB 220.
Next, in S193, the transfer processing unit 233 refers to the reading result table 350 to determine whether the tag reader 100 of the transfer destination entity has read the tag ID of the item tag of the target item and the tag ID of the position tag installed at the current storage place.
When the determination condition in S193 is not satisfied (the determination result is No), subsequent process steps of S195 to S196 are skipped. When the determination condition is satisfied (the determination result is Yes), in S195, the transfer processing unit 233 changes the status of the pickup reservation record read in S191 to ‘Complete’. Then, in S196, the transfer processing unit 233 changes the value of Organization 314 of the target item record of the item table 310 to a value indicating the transfer destination entity.
Then, in S198, the transfer processing unit 233 determines whether the pickup reservation table 370 still has another uncompleted pickup reservation record to be processed next. If there remains a next pickup reservation record, the process returns to S191, and the next pickup reservation record is also processed in S191 to S196 as described above. When the next pickup reservation record does not remain, the pickup status update process of
<1-5. Summary>
According to the first embodiment, the item management system that manages a change (that is, transfer) of an entity to which an item belongs incorporates a first wireless device installed at a first position, a second wireless device that moves together with the item, and a reading apparatus that reads identification information from the wireless devices. The first position is located in a place related to a first entity, and a second position is located in a place related to a second entity. In a case where the item which belongs to the second entity is delivered to the first position, when the reading apparatus associated with the first entity has read:
In a case where the item which belongs to the first entity is picked up at the first position and thereby transferred to the second entity, when the reading apparatus associated with the second entity has read:
With this configuration, users involved in the operation to transfer an item only need to carry the respective reading apparatuses so that the entity to which the item belongs in the item data can be updated appropriately and efficiently based on the results of the information reading from the wireless devices.
In the first embodiment described above, the separate tag reader 100 is prepared for at least each entity and the reader ID is assigned to the tag reading result, which allows for determining to which entity the user involved in the operation belongs based on the tag reading result. In the second embodiment described in this section, it is assumed that the determination of to which entity a user involved in an operation belongs is made based on a result of tag reading from a user tag carried by the user instead of the reader ID for identifying the tag reader 100. This makes it easy to share the tag reader 100 between users and between entities.
<2-1. System Overview>
The user tags 60 are wireless devices which are carried by the users 20 in the item management system 2. When the user 20 is a member of an entity as a company, the user tag 60 may be embedded in an employee ID card.
In the present embodiment, the user tags 60 are assumed to be passive-type RFID tags like the position tags 40 and the item tags 50. It should be noted that, in another embodiment, the user tags 60 may be wireless devices (IC cards) conforming to the Near Field Communication (NFC) protocol while the position tags 40 and the item tags 50 are RFID tags. In this case, the tag readers 100 are assumed to support both the RFID protocol and the NFC protocol. Generally speaking, each of the position tags 40, the item tags 50, and the user tags 60 may be any kind of wireless device capable of sending back identification information within it in response to a signal from a reader.
The management server 1200 is a server apparatus that manages item data indicating to which entity among two or more entities each item 30 belongs like the management server 200 according to the first embodiment.
<2-2. Configuration Example of Management Server>
<2-2-1. Basic Configuration>
The item DB 1220 consists of tables for managing data indicating to which entity each of the items under the management of the system belongs as in the item DB 220 according to the first embodiment. In the present embodiment, the item DB 1220 includes an item table 310, a place table 320, a user table 340, a user tag table 1345, a reading result table 1350, a delivery reservation table 360, and a pickup reservation table 370. The item DB 1220 need not include the reader table 330.
The item management unit 1230 is a set of software modules that provide item management functions for managing data within the item DB 1220 like the item management unit 230 according to the first embodiment. In the present embodiment, the item management unit 1230 includes a tag processing unit 1231, a position management unit 232, a transfer processing unit 1233, and an information provision unit 234.
In the left side of
As illustrated in the right side of
It should be noted that, when multiple users 20 are working at the same place 10, multiple reading result records for the user tags 60 of the different users 20 may be created for one reading result record for the item tag 50 (or position tag 40) (herein referred to as a target record). In this case, for example, the tag processing unit 1231 may determine the entity to be added to the field of Organization 1356 of the target record based on the reading result record for the user tag 60 that has been detected most often during a certain interval (for example, several seconds to tens of seconds) including the reading time of the target record.
In this way, the need to associate the reader ID with an entity in advance is eliminated by adopting the configuration for determining the relationship between the tag reading result and an entity based on (using the temporal correlation with) the result of reading from the user tag 60. Therefore, in the situation illustrated in the left side of
<2-2-2. Transfer of Item (Change of Entity to which Item Belongs)>
Also in the present embodiment, the transfer processing unit 1233 receives in advance, for both of the delivery and the pickup, reservation information which indicates that an operation to transfer an item 30 will be carried out. Then, the transfer processing unit 1233 changes the entity to which the item 30 belongs in the item DB 1220 based on the result of reading by at least one tag reader 100 and the received reservation information. A delivery reservation and a pickup reservation may be received in the same manner as described using
(1) Transfer of Item by Delivery
For ease of explanation, it is also assumed here that a target item (for example, the item 30a) that belongs to a second entity (for example, Company A) related to a second position is transferred to a first entity (for example, Company B) related to a first position. Before a delivery operation is performed, the item table 310 indicates that the target item belongs to the second entity. Starting with this status, the transfer processing unit 1233 updates the item table 310 such that it indicates that the target item belongs to the first entity, provided that a first reading apparatus has read at least the following three tag IDs:
The above condition for changing the entity to which the target item belongs may additionally include that the first reading apparatus has read the following tag ID,
It should be noted that, though
As in the first embodiment, the transfer processing unit 1233 changes the entity to which the target item belongs based not only on the tag reading result but also on the delivery reservation information indicating that the operation to move the target item to the destination will be carried out. Therefore, also in the present embodiment, if the tag ID of an item on the way of transport is unintentionally read at a place other than the destination or if the item is taken into an inappropriate place by a third party, it is possible to prevent a situation where the entity to which the item belongs is incorrectly changed.
(2) Transfer of Item by Pickup
For ease of explanation, it is also assumed here that a target item (for example, the item 30a) that belongs to a first entity (for example, Company B) related to a first position is transferred through a pickup operation to a second entity (for example, Company A) related to a second position. Before the pickup operation is performed, the item table 310 indicates that the target item belongs to the first entity. Starting with this status, the transfer processing unit 1233 changes the entity to which the target item belongs to the second entity, provided that a second reading apparatus associated with the second entity has read the tag ID of the position tag of the first position and the tag ID of the item tag of the target item. In the present embodiment, the state where the second reading apparatus is associated with the second entity means that the second reading apparatus has read the tag ID of a user tag associated with the second entity. In the example where the user 20a who is a person-in-charge of Company A picks up the item 30a stored in the place 10b, the tag reader 100a or 100b that has read the tag ID of the user tag 60a of the user 20a corresponds to the second reading apparatus. The position tag of the first position corresponds to the position tag 40b, and the item tag of the target item corresponds to the item tag 50a. The above condition means that the tag reading result indicates that a person-in-charge of the legitimate pickup party has visited the appropriate place to pick up the target item.
According to such an embodiment, the entity to which the target item belongs can be changed after an appropriate execution of the pickup operation by the user associated with the transfer destination entity is confirmed from the tag reading result.
As in the first embodiment, the transfer processing unit 1233 changes the entity to which the target item belongs based not only on the tag reading result but also on the pickup reservation information indicating that a person-in-charge of the pickup party will perform the operation to pick up the target item from the current storage place. Therefore, if an item is incorrectly handed over to an illegitimate third party who carries the user tag 60, it is possible to prevent a situation where the entity to which the item belongs is changed accordingly.
It should be noted that, in both the delivery and pickup cases, the transfer processing unit 1233 according to the present embodiment may also determine the correspondence between the tag IDs read from two or more tags based on the temporal correlation between reading results received from the same tag reader 100.
<2-3. Process Flow>
In this section, examples of process flows in the item management system 2 according to the present embodiment will be described using flow charts in
<2-3-1. Delivery Status Update Process>
First, in S281, the transfer processing unit 1233 reads an uncompleted delivery reservation record from the delivery reservation table 360. It should be noted that only a record indicating a date before a current day as the expected delivery date may be subject to the reading by the transfer processing unit 1233. Next, in S282, the transfer processing unit 1233 identifies the delivery target item, the transfer source entity, the destination, and the transfer destination entity from the read record and the master data of the item DB 1220.
Then, in S283, the transfer processing unit 1233 refers to the reading result table 1350 to determine whether any tag reader 100 has read the tag ID of a user tag associated with the transfer destination entity. For example, when the reading result table 1350 has a record of which Organization 1356 has a value indicating the transfer destination entity, it is determined that the tag ID of a user tag associated with the transfer destination entity has been read, and the process proceeds to S284. When no such record exists, the process proceeds to S288.
In S284, the transfer processing unit 1233 further determines whether the same tag reader 100 (tag reader 100 which has read the tag ID of the user tag associated with the transfer destination entity) has read the tag ID of the item tag of the target item and the tag ID of the position tag of the destination. When it is determined that the tag reader 100 has read the tag ID of the item tag of the target item and the tag ID of the position tag of the destination, the process proceeds to S285. When these tag IDs have not been read, the process proceeds to S288.
In S285, the transfer processing unit 1233 changes the status of the delivery reservation record read in S281 to ‘Complete’. Then, in S286, the transfer processing unit 1233 changes the value of Organization 314 of the target item record of the item table 310 to a value indicating the transfer destination entity.
Then, in S287, the position management unit 232 updates the values of Storage Place 315 and Coordinates 316 of the target item record of the item table 310 into the respective latest values.
Then, in S288, the transfer processing unit 1233 determines whether the delivery reservation table 360 still has another uncompleted delivery reservation record to be processed next. If there remains a next delivery reservation record, the process returns to S281, and the next delivery reservation record is also processed in S281 to S287 as described above. When the next delivery reservation record does not remain, the delivery status update process of
<2-3-2. Pickup Status Update Process>
First, in S291, the transfer processing unit 1233 reads an uncompleted pickup reservation record from the pickup reservation table 370. It should be noted that only a record indicating a date before a current day as the expected pickup date may be subject to the reading by the transfer processing unit 1233. Next, in S292, the transfer processing unit 1233 identifies the pickup target item, the current storage place of the target item (pickup place), and the transfer destination entity (pickup party) from the read record and the master data of the item DB 1220.
Then, in S293, the transfer processing unit 1233 refers to the reading result table 1350 to determine whether any tag reader 100 has read the tag ID of a user tag associated with the transfer destination entity. For example, when the reading result table 1350 has a record of which Organization 1356 has a value indicating the transfer destination entity, it is determined that the tag ID of a user tag associated with the transfer destination entity has been read, and the process proceeds to S294. When no such record exists, the process proceeds to S298.
In S294, the transfer processing unit 1233 further determines whether the same tag reader 100 (tag reader 100 which has read the tag ID of the user tag associated with the transfer destination entity) has read the tag ID of the item tag of the target item and the tag ID of the position tag of the storage place. When it is determined that the tag reader 100 has read the tag ID of the item tag of the target item and the tag ID of the position tag of the storage place, the process proceeds to S295. When these tag IDs have not been read, the process proceeds to S298.
In S295, the transfer processing unit 1233 changes the status of the pickup reservation record read in S291 to ‘Complete’. Then, in S296, the transfer processing unit 1233 changes the value of Organization 314 of the target item record of the item table 310 to a value indicating the transfer destination entity.
Then, in S298, the transfer processing unit 1233 determines whether the pickup reservation table 370 still has another uncompleted pickup reservation record to be processed next. If there remains a next pickup reservation record, the process returns to S291, and the next pickup reservation record is also processed in S291 to S296 as described above. When the next pickup reservation record does not remain, the pickup status update process of
<2-4. Summary>
According to the second embodiment, the item management system that manages a change (that is, transfer) of an entity to which an item belongs incorporates a first wireless device installed at a first position, a second wireless device that moves together with the item, and a reading apparatus that reads identification information from the wireless devices. The first position is located in a place related to a first entity, and a second position is located in a place related to a second entity. In a case where the item which belongs to the second entity is delivered to the first position, when the reading apparatus has read:
In a case where the item which belongs to the first entity is picked up at the first position and thereby transferred to the second entity, when the reading apparatus has read:
With this configuration, it is determined to which entity the user involved in the operation belongs based on the tag reading result from the user device. Therefore, any reading apparatus (for example, reading apparatus that is not for a specific entity) can be used for the tag reading. This can mitigate the burden of managing reading apparatuses and make the item management further more efficient.
The features of the first and second embodiments described above may be combined in any way with each other. Moreover, an alteration example described below may be combined with the above features.
<3-1. Control of Tag Reading Range>
In an alteration example, each tag reader 100 may be configured to shorten its reading range in response to a user operation. As an example, a normal (unshortened) reading range is within a radius of several meters (for example, 5 m) around an antenna 115 of the tag reader 100, and a shortened reading range may be within a radius of a meter or less (for example, 1 m) around the antenna 115. A management server 200 may change the entity to which an item belongs in an item DB 220 based on reading result data indicative of a reading result obtained by the tag reader 100 in a state where its reading range is shortened in response to a user operation.
The control unit 151 consists of a memory to store computer programs, and one or more processors to execute the computer programs. The control unit 151 controls overall functionality of the tag reader 100 as in the control unit 101 according to the embodiments described above.
The reading unit 156 is a reading module that is capable of reading identification information stored in each RFID tag that exists in the system. A difference from the reading unit 106 illustrated in
The operation detection unit 171 detects an operation state (pressed/not pressed) of a button (not shown) provided on a body of the tag reader 100, for example, and outputs a detection signal indicative of the detected operation state to the control unit 151.
When the detection signal from the operation detection unit 171 indicates that the button is not pressed, the control unit 151 sets the power of the transmission signal transmitted from the reading unit 156 to a normal value, and thereby adjusts the reading range of the tag reader 100 to the normal range. Meanwhile, when the detection signal from the operation detection unit 171 indicates that the button is pressed, the control unit 151 sets the power of the transmission signal transmitted from the reading unit 156 to a smaller value, and thereby adjusts the reading range of the tag reader 100 to the shortened range.
When a result of tag reading by the reading unit 156 is stored in the storage unit 102 or transmitted to the management server 200, the control unit 151 adds a flag indicative of the operation state of the button at the reading to the reading result data. This flag has a role of identifying whether each reading result record represents a reading result with the normal reading range or a reading result with the shortened reading range.
The notification unit 172 is a device for notifying a user of a status of tag reading being performed by the tag reader 100. The notification unit 172 may include, for example, a light-emitting diode (LED) that emits light in accordance with control by the control unit 151. In this case, the control unit 151 may cause the notification unit 172 to emit light with different light-emission patterns (for example, emission color, blinking frequency, blinking cycle, or the like) for a period when the tag reading is attempted with the normal reading range and a period when the tag reading is attempted with the shortened reading range. In addition, the control unit 151 may cause the notification unit 172 to emit light with a specific light-emission pattern in a case of detection of a received signal from an RFID tag. It should be noted that the notification unit 172 may include another notification device such as a speaker or a vibrator instead of (or in addition to) the LED.
In this alteration example, the transfer processing unit 283 changes the entity to which an item belongs in the item DB 270 based on reading result data obtained in a state where the reading range is shortened in response to the user operation. The other functions of the transfer processing unit 283 may be similar to those of the transfer processing unit 233 according to the first embodiment or the transfer processing unit 1233 according to the second embodiment.
The upper part of
Similarly, the tag reader 100b carried by the user 20b also reads the tag ID of the position tag 40b. While the user 20b presses the button of the tag reader 100b, the tag reader 100b reads the tag ID of the item tag 50a of the item 30a. Note that, even while the button is not pressed, the tag reader 100b reads the tag ID of the item tag 50a of the item 30a. The reading result table 390 of
For example, the transfer processing unit 283 refers to the delivery reservation table 360, and becomes aware that the item 30a is expected to be delivered to the place 10b and thereby transferred from the entity E1 to the entity E2 on the expected delivery date ‘YMD2’. The transfer processing unit 283 ignores the records #1 and #6 of the reading result table 390 indicative of results of reading from the item tag 50a with the normal reading range, and determines, based on the contents of the records #2 to #5, that the expected delivery operation has been performed. Then, the transfer processing unit 283 updates the value of Status 365 of the record #2 of the corresponding reservation information of the delivery reservation table 360 into ‘Complete’. Moreover, the transfer processing unit 283 updates the value of Organization 314 of the record of the item 30a of the item table 310 into ‘Company B’, which is the name of the entity E2.
According to such an alteration example, in a situation where a large number of items are stored in one place, it is possible to reduce candidates of a transfer target item based on the explicit user operation and then efficiently update the entity to which the target item belongs. It should be noted that, in the above example, it is not required for determining the transfer that the reading range is shortened (Range Shortening 391 indicates ‘Yes’) at the reading from the position tag 40. The reason of this is that only one position tag 40 is normally installed at each place and thus the position tag 40 is not always present at a very close range from the user at the delivery or pickup operation by the user. However, in another example, it may also be required for determining the transfer that the reading range is shortened (the button is pressed) at the reading from the position tag 40.
For update of the data other than the change of the entity to which an item belongs (for example, update of the position information by the position management unit 232), the item management unit 280 may utilize all the reading result records regardless of whether the reading range is shortened. This can balance simple management, where the item-related information under management is kept up to date just by a user carrying the tag reader 100, and data maintenance measures, where the item transfer between entities is triggered by the explicit operation.
<3-2. Other Alteration Examples>
When it is determined that the operation for transferring an item has been performed in accordance with the above-described conditions, the management server 200 or 1200 may request a user's approval of the transfer, and may change the entity to which the item belongs after receiving the approval. The transfer approval may be requested and given via a user interface of any device operated by the user, such as the tag reader 100 or the user terminal 300. The transfer approval may be requested from one or both of the user of the transfer source entity and the user of the transfer destination entity.
The item-related information maintained by the database in the above embodiments may be used not only for providing information to a user but also for various purposes. For example, the management server 200 or 1200 may provide the item-related information to another system such as an accounting system, a business form system, or an item procurement planning system.
According to the present invention, it will become possible to efficiently perform transfer of an item between entities.
Embodiment(s) of the present invention can also be realized by a computer of a system or apparatus that reads out and executes computer executable instructions (e.g., one or more programs) recorded on a storage medium (which may also be referred to more fully as a ‘non-transitory computer-readable storage medium’) to perform the functions of one or more of the above-described embodiment(s) and/or that includes one or more circuits (e.g., application specific integrated circuit (ASIC)) for performing the functions of one or more of the above-described embodiment(s), and by a method performed by the computer of the system or apparatus by, for example, reading out and executing the computer executable instructions from the storage medium to perform the functions of one or more of the above-described embodiment(s) and/or controlling the one or more circuits to perform the functions of one or more of the above-described embodiment(s). The computer may comprise one or more processors (e.g., central processing unit (CPU), micro processing unit (MPU)) and may include a network of separate computers or separate processors to read out and execute the computer executable instructions. The computer executable instructions may be provided to the computer, for example, from a network or the storage medium. The storage medium may include, for example, one or more of a hard disk, a random-access memory (RAM), a read only memory (ROM), a storage of distributed computing systems, an optical disk (such as a compact disc (CD), digital versatile disc (DVD), or Blu-ray Disc (BD)™), a flash memory device, a memory card, and the like.
While the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. The scope of the following claims is to be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and equivalent structures and functions.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021-061655 | Mar 2021 | JP | national |
This application is a Continuation of International Patent Application No. PCT/JP2022/014363, filed Mar. 25, 2022, which claims the benefit of Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-061655, filed Mar. 31, 2021, both of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/JP2022/014363 | Mar 2022 | US |
| Child | 18456631 | US |
