Patent Grant
11235438
The present invention relates to a tool for manufacturing jewelry and a method of using such tool. More particularly, this invention relates to a jewelry mandrel constructed in the form of pliers and method, which can be used by jewelers to fabricate jewelry into various shapes.
Jewelers have long relied on tapered steel mandrels to fabricate wire or metal shapes for use in their jewelry designs. Tapered mandrels are available in cross sections of various shapes including round, square, triangle, oval, and hexagon. The mandrels are made of steel and provide a surface against which the jeweler can hammer to facilitate the shaping of the material being worked. The taper on the mandrel allows shapes of different sizes to be fabricated using a single mandrel. Although tapered steel mandrels are useful for certain tasks, they present the jeweler with challenges.
The taper on the mandrel makes it difficult to make shapes of the exact size when multiple items are being produced. The reason for this is that the circumference of the particular shape at issue has a tendency to stretch as it is worked on a tapered mandrel, particularly when working with wire. When making multiple items of the same size, each item must be formed one at time when it is made using a tapered mandrel. Because of the difficultly in placing the material in the exact same place on the tapered mandrel while hammering it into shape, the resulting shapes are often of a slightly different size.
To form a band from a strip of metal using a tapered mandrel, the band must frequently be removed and flipped so that the band does not become larger on one side than the other. The wider a particular band, the more difficult it becomes to keep both edges of the band the same size.
Moreover although a tapered mandrel can be used to produce a shape with sharp corners such as a triangle or a square, it is not an easy task. The jeweler must first start with a closed ring or loop and then hammer it down around the mandrel until it produces a sharply defined shape. However, hammering a piece of soft wire or metal on a tapered mandrel often results in the shape being stretched beyond the circumference desired.
Finally, a tapered mandrel is awkward and is difficult to hold by hand. It can be placed in a large vise to hold it, but this method is time consuming and inconvenient. The vise also makes it difficult to obtain a good view of the entire piece in that the mandrel would need to be removed from the vise and rotated to obtain a good view of the back side of the mandrel.
It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a jewelry mandrel tool and method of using same that enables a user to easily, consistently, and repeatedly replicate the same shape and size. It is also an object of the invention to provide a tool for making numerous rings or other shapes in a more efficient manner and to provide a tool that makes it easier for the jeweler to view the work as it is being formed. It is an object of the invention to provide a tool that allows the wire or metal being formed to be gripped so that shapes can be made without the need for starting with a closed metal ring or tube.
In accordance with a first embodiment, a mandrel tool is provided for more efficiently and consistently forming various shapes of material. Currently, mandrel pliers for forming jewelry are tapered, unable to repeat shapes, unable to create a variety of jewelry shapes, and unable to create a variety of jewelry sizes. The proposed mandrel pliers of the present disclosure is capable of forming material into a number of different sizes and unique shapes such as squares, triangles, ovals, or circles. Because the mandrel jaws have a uniform cross sectional area, the wire, for example, can be wrapped multiple times around the mandrel jaw when it is desired to produce multiples of the same shape. For added versatility, the pliers can have opposing mandrel jaws, each having a different size cross sectional area than the other so that a shape of a larger size can be created on one side of the pair pliers and a shape of a smaller size can be reproduced on the other side of the pair of pliers. The pliers can also have multiple prongs on one or both mandrel jaws used to create a number of different patterns and shapes. The gap between the prongs can be controlled using a detent device to create a variety of different sizes of formed material.
In accordance with a second embodiment, a method for forming a material using a pair of mandrel pliers is provided that includes the steps of: adjusting a detent device to set a predetermined width of a gap between the first mandrel jaw and second mandrel jaw; forming a material into a pattern around one or both of the first mandrel jaw and the second mandrel jaw; and applying a squeezing force to the first handle and the second handle to remove a formed material. The formed material can then be further arranged and/or soldered into pieces of jewelry.
Other aspects, embodiments and features of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The accompanying figures are schematic and are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the figures, each identical, or substantially similar component that is illustrated in various figures is represented by a single numeral or notation. For purposes of clarity, not every component is labeled in every figure. Nor is every component of each embodiment of the invention shown where illustration is not necessary to allow those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention.
Referring now to
Referring now to
Although mandrel jaws 110, 120 are illustrated in the form of square mandrels, various shapes can be utilized for the mandrel jaw 110, 120 without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, the mandrel jaws could be triangular, round, oval, rectangular, or any other shape that is desired by a jeweler for shaping jewelry. Additionally, the opposing jaws could each be a different shape. For example, one jaw could have a triangular cross section and the other jaw could have a square cross section.
Referring now to
Referring now to
Referring now to
Referring now to
Returning to
As mentioned previously, although mandrel jaws 1410 and 1420 are illustrated in the form of square mandrels, various shapes can be utilized for the mandrel jaw 1410 and 1420 without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, the mandrel jaws could be triangular, round, oval, rectangular, or any other shape that is desired by a jeweler for shaping jewelry. Additionally, the opposing jaws could each be a different shape. For example, one jaw could have a triangular cross section and the other jaw could have a square cross section. Additionally, the mandrel pliers 1400 are not limited to mandrel jaws of the same size or shape, or any combination thereof. For example, one pair of parallel action mandrel pliers may have rectangular mandrel jaws, with each jaw being the exact same size and shape, and another pair may have one mandrel that is rectangular and the other mandrel that is triangular and a smaller size than that of the rectangular mandrel. The present invention is not limited to any combination of size or shape of the mandrel jaws.
In the non-limiting embodiment in
Passing through one of the two mandrel jaws 1410 and 1420 is an adjustment screw 1490. In the present non-limiting embodiment, the adjustment screw 1490 passes through mandrel jaw 1420. The adjustment screw 1490 can keep the mandrel jaws 1410 and 1420 from closing past any particular width. The adjustment screw 1490 prevents the mandrel jaws 1410 and 1420 from closing any farther than the set width, and the screw 1490 can also prevent the mandrel jaws 1410 and 1420 from crushing the wires or the shape created by the wires or other material. Other types of détente mechanisms may be used to prevent the mandrel jaws 1410 and 1420 from closing any farther than a set width.
This non-limiting exemplary embodiment may be used in the same manner as disclosed with respect to
An advantage of this non-limiting exemplary embodiment is that the parallel action provided by the mandrel pliers 1400 has a leveraging quality such that metal gripped by the pliers 1400 can be gripped much more tightly and securely while using less hand strength as compared to other types of pliers. For example, parallel action pliers allow for multiple pieces of the same-sized wire to be gripped securely along entire operable length of the mandrels, whereas traditional pliers grip wires disposed closer to the pivot more tightly than wire disposed closer to the tip of the mandrels. Also, the metal can be gripped more tightly without marking or marring the metal by the pliers 1400.
For the other end shape, the proximate end of mandrel jaw 1420 attached to spring 1460 comprises an arcuate shape, and the spring 1460 is attached to an aperture 1730 located at the proximate end of mandrel jaw 1420. With this alternative end shape, the mandrel jaw 1420 has a reduced width on its proximal end so as to permit sliding on the surface of the rivet 1426 as the mandrel jaws move between the open and closed configurations. The reduced width of the mandrel jaw 1420 on its proximal end allows for the rivet to slide along the outside-facing surface of the mandrel jaw 1420, and the spring 1460 helps keep the mandrel jaw 1420 in contact with the rivet 1426 by applying pressure that pulls the mandrel jaw 1420 toward the handles 1402, 1404 and outward, thereby forcing the mandrel jaw 1420 to keep in contact with the rivet 1426. Alternatively, the proximate end of the mandrel jaw 1420 may comprise a flat angled shape, as illustrated with the first end shape of the mandrel jaw 1410, instead of an arcuate shape, as illustrated with the second end shape of the mandrel jaw 1420.
Also illustrated in
The parallel-action mandrel pliers 1400 may also be used to crisp up any bends or unwanted curves in the wire. For example, when a user makes square jump rings, the user wraps the wire around one of the mandrel jaws 1410, 1420 by hand, and each side of the square jump ring might have a slightly curved or rounded shape, especially when using a heavier gauge wire that is more difficult to manipulate by hand and when not employing the use of a hammer to tap the wire into shape on the mandrel jaw. After cutting the coil of jump rings apart, the user can flatten each side of the square jump ring by placing the ring back on one jaw of the pliers 1400 and applying the other mandrel jaw so as to apply pressure to flatten a particular side of the jump ring. The user can then remove the jump ring from the pliers 1400, rotate the square ring 180 degrees, put the square ring back on the mandrel jaw, and apply pressure via the other mandrel jaw. The user may also do the same with the other sides of the square jump ring to get a squared jump ring with flat sides. This technique is quicker than other conventional methods of crisping wire bends, such as hammering on the mandrel, and this technique may be used with the any size or shape, and combination thereof, of mandrel jaws.
In a non-limiting embodiment, the mandrel pliers 1400 may have mandrel jaws of different sizes. In this embodiment, the above disclosed technique of sharpening corners of jump rings may be more difficult when used with the larger mandrel jaw of the differently sized mandrel jaws because the smaller jaw does not extend the full width of the larger jaw and therefor limits the user's ability to sharpen or crisp the corners of a jump ring on the larger mandrel jaw with one compression of the mandrel jaws. Accordingly, the user may place the jump rings formed on the larger mandrel jaw onto the smaller mandrel jaw, and then align the corner of the jump ring snugly against the edge of the smaller jaw. By doing this, the user can then flatten the area of the side of the jump ring that is between the mandrel jaws, and this area may include the side of the jump ring up to the corner of the jump ring. Then, the user can slide the jump ring along the mandrel jaw so that the adjacent corner is pressed against the opposite side of the smaller mandrel, and then the user can then apply pressure so as to flatten the area around the adjacent corner of the jump ring. This technique may be then repeated for any of the other sides of the jump ring.
While the above technique may be used with parallel-action mandrel pliers with jaws of different sizes, crisping wire bends may be more efficient with parallel-action mandrel pliers with same size jaws. Alternatively, mandrel jaws with different shapes having the side that meets the other mandrel jaw the same width as each other may allow for a variety of different shapes and sizes to be formed while maintaining the ability to crisp the wire corners or any other wire bends. Additionally, the above techniques may be used with both open jump rings and closed (soldered) jump rings.
The detent device can be anything used to control the gap between the prongs or mandrel jaws of the pliers. In a non-limiting embodiment, the detent device is an adjustment screw 2190 shown in
The mandrel jaws 2124 and 2114 are maintained parallel using a spring system that enables the jaws to slide through an area in the handles. In particular, spring 2160 is housed at least partially within the trough defined by handle 2104. A proximate end of the spring 2160 is attached to an anchor point (not shown) and the distal end of the spring 1460 is attached to the proximate end of the mandrel jaw 2120. Likewise, spring 2140 is housed at least partially within the trough defined by handle 2102 with a proximate end of the spring attached to another anchor (not shown) and a distal end of the spring 2140 attached to a proximate end of the mandrel jaw 2110. The proximate end of each mandrel jaw 2110 and 2120 rests on the rivets 2116 and 2126 that pass through one side of each handle 2102 and 2104 to the other side, to provide a surface on which the mandrel jaws 2110, 2120 can slide when the jaws are moved between the open and closed configuration. The rivets 2116, 2126 may also comprise rails housed between opposing sidewalls of the handles so as to provide the sliding surface for the mandrel jaws 2110, 2120.
For example, the distal end 2194 of the adjustment screw 2190 is threaded to engage the mandrel body 2112. The proximal portion of the adjustment screw 2190 is slidably positioned through the mandrel body 2122. When the adjustment screw 2190 is engaged and a force is applied to the handles 2104 and 2102, the mandrel body 2122 slides along the adjustment screw 2190 toward the mandrel body 2112 widening a gap between the adjustment screw head 2192 and the outside of the mandrel body 2122. For example, when the adjustment screw 2190 is engaged to prevent the mandrel jaws 2124 and 2114 from opening any farther than a width prescribed by the adjustment screw 2190, the mandrel body 2112 remains fixed along the adjustment screw 2190, and the mandrel body 2122 can slide over the adjustment screw 2190. In a non-limiting embodiment, the proximate portion of the adjustment screw 2190 is not threaded. In a non-limiting embodiment, the entire adjustment screw 2190 is threaded.
In a non-limiting embodiment depicted in
In a non-limiting embodiment of the method, the pattern can be created from wrapping the material partially around one of the prongs from the first set of prongs 2110, looping the material entirely around the prong 2120 to create a circular loop, wrapping the material partially around another prong from the first set of prongs 2110, and repeating the pattern to create a formed material. The formed material can be removed from the pliers and arranged into the shaped jewelry 2514 depicted in
In one non-limiting embodiment, the set of mandrel prongs 2120 consists of one prong with a triangle cross-section and the set of mandrel prongs 2110 consists of two prongs each with a circle cross-section. For example, wrapping a wire around all three of the prongs can produce a shape of a heart. The mandrel pliers 2100 can also be used to shape a range of other material such as a wire strip. Additionally, the mandrel pliers 2100 can be used to shape bezels used to hold stones.
An advantage of this non-limiting exemplary embodiment is that the parallel action provided by the mandrel pliers is that when the material has been wrapped around both of the mandrel jaws, the material can be cut by a pair of shears or a saw while the material is still wrapped around the mandrel jaws. This is possible when the adjustment screw is set to at least a 0.25 inch gap between the mandrel jaws. Cutting the material before removing the material from the pliers can be useful to keep the shape stable prior to cutting. For example, some shapes can twist or torque once the material is removed from the pliers. The tool and method of the present invention thus provides an efficient and consistent method for a jeweler to make shapes using mandrels. When making shapes with sharp corners it is no longer necessary to join a loop together and form it by hammering it on a tapered mandrel. Because the loop can be left opened, the shapes can be more easily joined directly to each other before soldering them closed. A step is saved and finishing is easier because the jeweler does not have to cut the shape open and then re-solder. In addition, there are applications for open shapes to be used where it is not necessary to solder it closed, in which case, the step of cutting the formed link is saved.
The jeweler can make square, oval, circular, triangular, rectangular and other shapes in multiples rather than one at a time as is required when using a tapered mandrel. The jeweler can also maintain a consistent circumference of the shaped piece without having to flip the piece over repetitively as is required when working wired pieces of material on a tapered mandrel. A vise is no longer necessary because the jeweler can easily grip the material by hand using the mandrel pliers. The mandrel pliers allow the jeweler a good view of both the front and the back of the piece by changing the position of the handle on the pliers as the material is being worked. This makes it possible to wrap perfect coil in various shapes as desired by a jeweler.
Although the invention is described above and in the drawings using mandrel jaws of the same shapes, square, circular, etc., the invention is not limited to jaws of the same shape. For example, one jaw could be a square shape and the other rectangular. One could be triangular and the other circular. The mandrel jaws can also be chosen such that special shapes like hearts or teardrops can be formed. One jaw could be of a “v” or triangular shape that mates with an opposing heart shaped jaw to allow the formation of a crisp “v” or cleft in the top of the heart. Alternatively, one jaw could be of a “v” shape that mates with the bottom of the teardrop on a teardrop shaped opposing jaw. Numerous other shapes could also be formed with the mandrel pliers of the present invention by using various shapes on the jaws of the pliers.
Although the invention hereof has been described by way of a preferred embodiment, it will be evident that other adaptations and modifications can be employed without departing from the spirit and scope thereof. The terms and expressions employed herein have been used as terms of description and not of limitation; and thus, there is no intent of excluding equivalents, but on the contrary it is intended to cover any and all equivalents that may be employed without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, the shapes of the mandrel jaws could be any shape desired by the jeweler, including non-traditional shapes.
The following descriptive embodiments are offered as further support of the disclosed invention:
In a first embodiment, novel aspects described in the present disclosure are directed to a pair of mandrel pliers for forming a material during the manufacture of jewelry, the pair of mandrel pliers comprising: a first member forming a first handle, wherein the first member has a first proximate end and a first distal end; a second member forming a second handle, wherein the second member has a second proximate end and a second distal end, and wherein the first member and the second member are pivotably joined at a central connection point; a first mandrel jaw comprising a first mandrel body pivotably fastened to the first member at the first distal end, wherein the first mandrel body is slidably engaged to a second rail housed between opposing sidewalls of the second member at a position between the second proximate end and the second distal end, and wherein the first mandrel jaw comprises a first set of prongs having at least two prongs; a second mandrel jaw comprising a second mandrel body pivotably fastened to the second member at the second distal end, and wherein the second mandrel body is slidably engaged to a first rail housed between opposing sidewalls of the first member at a position between the first proximate end and the first distal end, and wherein the second mandrel jaw comprises a second set of prongs having at least one prong; a detent feature engaged with the first mandrel jaw and the second mandrel jaw that controls the width of a gap between the first mandrel jaw and the second mandrel jaw when the mandrel pliers are in an open configuration; and wherein the first mandrel jaw and the second mandrel jaw are maintained parallel to each other upon the application of a squeezing force to the first handle and the second handle.
In another aspect of the first embodiment, a pair of mandrel pliers for forming a material during the manufacture of jewelry, the pair of mandrel pliers comprising: a first member forming a first handle, wherein the first member has a first proximate end and a first distal end; a second member forming a second handle, wherein the second member has a second proximate end and a second distal end, and wherein the first member and the second member are pivotably joined at a central connection point; a first mandrel jaw comprising a first mandrel body pivotably fastened to the first member at the first distal end, wherein the first mandrel body is slidably engaged to a second rail housed between opposing sidewalls of the second member at a position between the second proximate end and the second distal end, and wherein the first mandrel jaw comprises a first set of prongs having at least two prongs; a second mandrel jaw comprising a second mandrel body pivotably fastened to the second member at the second distal end, and wherein the second mandrel body is slidably engaged to a first rail housed between opposing sidewalls of the first member at a position between the first proximate end and the first distal end, and wherein the second mandrel jaw comprises a second set of prongs having at least one prong; a detent feature engaged with the first mandrel jaw and the second mandrel jaw that controls the width of a gap between the first mandrel jaw and the second mandrel jaw when the mandrel pliers are in an open configuration; wherein the first mandrel jaw and the second mandrel jaw are maintained parallel to each other upon the application of a squeezing force to the first handle and the second handle; and further comprises one or more limitations selected from the following:
wherein the first set of prongs consists of two prongs;
wherein the second mandrel jaw comprises a second set of prongs having at least two prongs;
wherein each prong of the first set of prongs comprise a circular cross section;
wherein each prong of the first set of prongs comprise substantially the same cross sectional area;
wherein each of the first set of prongs has a first uniform cross-sectional area throughout a first operable length and each of the second set of prongs has a second uniform cross-sectional area throughout a second operable length;
wherein the second set of prongs comprises a prong with a triangular cross section, wherein the pair of mandrel pliers are capable of forming a heart shape by wrapping a wire around all three prongs;
wherein the detent device is an adjustment screw;
wherein the adjustment screw extends through a first aperture on the first mandrel jaw and a second aperture on the second mandrel jaw;
comprising: a distal end of the adjustment screw threaded to engage the second mandrel jaw; and a proximal end of the adjustment screw slidably positioned through the first mandrel jaw; and
wherein the width of the gap between the first mandrel jaw and the second mandrel jaw is reduced with the application of a squeezing force to the first handle and the second handle, wherein the second aperture is threaded to engage with the distal end of the adjustment screw, and wherein the first aperture is smooth to allow sliding of the adjustment screw upon application of the squeezing force to the first handle and the second handle.
In a second embodiment, novel aspects of the present disclosure are directed to a method for forming a material using a pair of mandrel pliers, wherein the pair of mandrel pliers comprises: a first member forming a first handle, wherein the first member has a first proximate end and a first distal end; a second member forming a second handle, wherein the second member has a second proximate end and a second distal end, and wherein the first member and the second member are pivotably joined at a central connection point; a first mandrel jaw comprises a first mandrel body pivotably fastened to the first member at the first distal end, wherein the first mandrel body is slidably engaged to a second rail housed between opposing sidewalls of the second member at a position between the second proximate end and the second distal end, and wherein the first mandrel jaw comprises a first set of prongs having at least two prongs; a second mandrel jaw comprises a second mandrel body pivotably fastened to the second member at the second distal end, and wherein the second mandrel body is slidably engaged to a first rail housed between opposing sidewalls of the first member at a position between the first proximate end and the first distal end, and wherein the second mandrel jaw comprises a second set of prongs having at least one prong; a detent feature engaged with the first mandrel jaw and the second mandrel jaw that controls the width of a gap between the first mandrel jaw and the second mandrel jaw when the mandrel pliers are in an open configuration; and wherein the first mandrel jaw and the second mandrel jaw are maintained parallel to each other upon the application of a squeezing force to the first handle and the second handle, said method comprising: adjusting a detent device to set a predetermined width of a gap between the first mandrel jaw and second mandrel jaw; forming a material into a pattern around one or both of the first mandrel jaw and the second mandrel jaw; applying a squeezing force to the first handle and the second handle to remove formed material.
In another aspect of the second embodiment, novel aspects of the present disclosure are directed to a method for forming a material using a pair of mandrel pliers, wherein the pair of mandrel pliers comprises: a first member forming a first handle, wherein the first member has a first proximate end and a first distal end; a second member forming a second handle, wherein the second member has a second proximate end and a second distal end, and wherein the first member and the second member are pivotably joined at a central connection point; a first mandrel jaw comprises a first mandrel body pivotably fastened to the first member at the first distal end, wherein the first mandrel body is slidably engaged to a second rail housed between opposing sidewalls of the second member at a position between the second proximate end and the second distal end, and wherein the first mandrel jaw comprises a first set of prongs having at least two prongs; a second mandrel jaw comprises a second mandrel body pivotably fastened to the second member at the second distal end, and wherein the second mandrel body is slidably engaged to a first rail housed between opposing sidewalls of the first member at a position between the first proximate end and the first distal end, and wherein the second mandrel jaw comprises a second set of prongs having at least one prong; a detent feature engaged with the first mandrel jaw and the second mandrel jaw that controls the width of a gap between the first mandrel jaw and the second mandrel jaw when the mandrel pliers are in an open configuration; and wherein the first mandrel jaw and the second mandrel jaw are maintained parallel to each other upon the application of a squeezing force to the first handle and the second handle, said method comprising: adjusting a detent device to set a predetermined width of a gap between the first mandrel jaw and second mandrel jaw; forming a material into a pattern around one or both of the first mandrel jaw and the second mandrel jaw; applying a squeezing force to the first handle and the second handle to remove formed material, the method further comprising one or more limitations selected from the following:
wherein the detent device is an adjustment screw, wherein loosening the adjustment screw results in increasing the gap between the first mandrel jaw and the second mandrel jaw, and wherein tightening the adjustment screw results in decreasing the gap between the first mandrel jaw and the second mandrel jaw;
comprising squeezing the first and second handle before tightening the adjustment screw;
comprising repeating the steps of the method to form a plurality of loops;
wherein forming a material into the pattern comprises wrapping the material around all of the first set of prongs and the second set of prongs, wherein the first set of prongs consists of two prongs, wherein each of the first set of prongs comprise a circular cross section, wherein the second set of prongs consists of one prong, wherein the second set of prongs comprise a triangular cross section, and wherein the pattern is a heart shape;
comprising wrapping the material around one of the prongs from the first set of prongs, looping the material around the second set of prongs, wrapping the material around another prong from the first set of prongs, and repeating the pattern;
comprising cutting the remaining material and fusing a first end of the material to a second end of the material;
wherein the first set of prongs and the second set of prongs are all the same length;
wherein the first set of prongs consists of two prongs and the second set of prongs consists of two prongs;
comprising wrapping the material partially around one of the prongs from the first set of prongs, looping the material partially around the second set of prongs, wrapping the material partially around another prong from the first set of prongs, and repeating the pattern;
comprising wrapping the material partially around one of the prongs from the first set of prongs, looping the material entirely around the second set of prongs, wrapping the material partially around another prong from the first set of prongs, and repeating the pattern;
wherein forming a material into the pattern comprises wrapping the material around all of the first set of prongs and the second set of prongs, wherein the first set of prongs consists of two prongs, wherein each of the first set of prongs comprise a circular cross section, wherein the second set of prongs consists of one prong, wherein the second set of prongs comprise a circular cross section;
wherein forming a material into the pattern comprises wrapping the material around one of the first set of prongs and one of the second set of prongs and repeating;
wherein forming a material into the pattern comprises wrapping the material around two of the first set of prongs and repeating;
comprising bending the formed material into a shaped jewelry; and
comprising cutting the formed material into a plurality of partially enclosed pieces; and fusing each of the partially enclosed pieces into a plurality of links.
This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Nonprovisional application Ser. No. 16/200,472, filed Nov. 26, 2018, which is itself a continuation-in-part of U.S. Nonprovisional application Ser. No. 15/616,894, filed Jun. 7, 2017, which is itself a continuation-in-part of U.S. Nonprovisional application Ser. No. 14/985,781, filed Dec. 31, 2015 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,687,966), which is itself a continuation of U.S. Nonprovisional application Ser. No. 13/491,755, filed Jun. 8, 2012 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,227,304), and claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/494,705, filed Jun. 8, 2011, which are all incorporated by reference in their entirety as examples.
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| Youtube Video of Miland Channel metal wrap: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sw7m3Px4vYk. |
| Jewelry Tools by Miland: http://www.chicagologic.com/jtbm/double%20cylinder%20metal%20wrap.htm. |
| Blog post, Jewelry Tools by Miland: http://dailyjewel.blogspot.pt/2008_08_17_archive.html, 2 pages. |
| Jewelry Tools by Miland price list, www.jewelrytoolsbymiland.com, 3 pages. |
| The Answer Man, Lapidary Journal Tools & Supplies, Jul. 2002, lapidaryjournal.com, 3 pages. |
| EP Supplemental Search Report, U.S. Appl. No. 12/796,805, dated Aug. 7, 2015, 6 pages. |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20190255681 A1 | Aug 2019 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 61494705 | Jun 2011 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 13491755 | Jun 2012 | US |
| Child | 14985781 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 16200472 | Nov 2018 | US |
| Child | 16352956 | US | |
| Parent | 15616894 | Jun 2017 | US |
| Child | 16200472 | US | |
| Parent | 14985781 | Dec 2015 | US |
| Child | 15616894 | US |
