Patent Application
20230412553
The present disclosure relates generally to joining community groups on messaging applications.
Messaging applications allow users to communicate with each other in a variety of different ways. Users can send chat messages to one or more other users. Users can also access certain group pages and view and post content to such pages.
In the drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to scale, like numerals may describe similar components in different views. To easily identify the discussion of any particular element or act, the most significant digit or digits in a reference number refer to the figure number in which that element is first introduced. Some nonlimiting examples are illustrated in the figures of the accompanying drawings in which:
The description that follows includes systems, methods, techniques, instruction sequences, and computing machine program products that embody illustrative examples of the disclosure. In the following description, for the purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide an understanding of various examples. It will be evident, however, to those skilled in the art, that examples may be practiced without these specific details. In general, well-known instruction instances, protocols, structures, and techniques are not necessarily shown in detail.
Messaging applications typically enable end users to communicate with each other in a variety of different ways. Sometimes users access certain group pages on the messaging application to discuss a particular topic. Searching for groups that are of interest to a particular user can be an onerous process. Namely, there exist a great deal of different groups available for a user to interact with, and finding one that is of greatest interest can take a great deal of time and effort. For example, the user has to enter search parameters and read through details of each group to find one that is of greatest interest. Navigating through many pages of information to find a group that is of interest to the user can be discouraging and extremely inefficient. Also, even after finding a group of interest, the user may need certain credentials to access the group. Lacking such credentials can be incredibly frustrating to find out after spending a great deal of time, energy and computing resources finding a group of interest. This can reduce the interest level end users have in accessing the messaging application, which causes missed opportunities.
The disclosed techniques solve these technical issues by automatically suggesting, recommending and/or enabling a user to join a particular group that is specifically associated with and corresponds to account information of the user. For example, the disclosed techniques receive account information from a user, such as a location, email address, phone number, address, and/or area code and so forth. Based on the account information, the disclosed techniques search a list of communities to identify one or more communities that correspond to the account information. Specifically, each community can be associated with a particular account information (e.g., domain, location, area code, zip code, and/or other information) and the one or more communities can be identified by matching the received account information with the particular account information associated with the community. After identifying the one or more communities, a selection of a subgroup within the one or more communities can be received. The user is then automatically joined or is provided an option to join the subgroup within the one or more communities to enable the user to view and/or post content, such as media assets to a page or profile associated with the subgroup.
In some examples, a verification process is performed to ensure that the account information received from the user is valid. This prevents abuse and breach of security in obtaining access to the page or profile associated with the subgroup. In some cases, the page or profile associated with the subgroup is exclusively accessible to members of the subgroup. In this way, any non-member of the subgroup can only view a limited and restricted set of information and is prevented from posting content to the subgroup. This ensures that the quality and type of information available on the page or profile associated with the subgroup is relevant to users who belong to and are verified members of the subgroup.
In these ways, the techniques described herein improve the efficiency of using the electronic device and the overall experience of the user in using the electronic device. Also, by automatically identifying communities and subgroups within the communities for users to join based on account information input by the users, the overall amount of system resources needed to accomplish a task is reduced as the number of pages of information needed to be accessed and reviewed is reduced.
The client device 102 may operate as a standalone device or may be coupled (e.g., networked) to other machines. In a networked deployment, the client device 102 may operate in the capacity of a server machine or a client machine in a server-client network environment, or as a peer machine in a peer-to-peer (or distributed) network environment. The client device 102 may comprise, but not be limited to, a server computer, a client computer, a personal computer (PC), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a netbook, a set-top box (STB), a personal digital assistant (PDA), an entertainment media system, a cellular telephone, a smartphone, a mobile device, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch), a smart home device (e.g., a smart appliance), other smart devices, a web appliance, a network router, a network switch, a network bridge, or any machine capable of executing the disclosed operations. Further, while only a single client device 102 is illustrated, the term “client device” shall also be taken to include a collection of machines that individually or jointly execute the disclosed operations.
In some examples, the client device 102 can include AR glasses or an AR headset in which virtual content is displayed within lenses of the glasses while a user views a real-world environment through the lenses. For example, an image can be presented on a transparent display that allows a user to simultaneously view content presented on the display and real-world objects.
A client application 104 is able to communicate and exchange data with other client applications 104 and with the messaging server system 108 via the network 112. The data exchanged between client applications 104, and between a client application 104 and the messaging server system 108, includes functions (e.g., commands to invoke functions) as well as payload data (e.g., text, audio, video or other multimedia data).
The messaging server system 108 provides server-side functionality via the network 112 to a particular client application 104. While certain functions of the messaging system 100 are described herein as being performed by either a client application 104 or by the messaging server system 108, the location of certain functionality either within the client application 104 or the messaging server system 108 may be a design choice. For example, it may be technically preferable to initially deploy certain technology and functionality within the messaging server system 108 but to later migrate this technology and functionality to the client application 104 where a client device 102 has sufficient processing capacity.
The messaging server system 108 supports various services and operations that are provided to the client application 104. Such operations include transmitting data to, receiving data from, and processing data generated by the client application 104. This data may include message content, client device information, geolocation information, media augmentation and overlays, message content persistence conditions, social network information, and live event information, as examples. Data exchanges within the messaging system 100 are invoked and controlled through functions available via user interfaces (UIs) of the client application 104.
Turning now specifically to the messaging server system 108, an Application Programming Interface (API) server 116 is coupled to, and provides a programmatic interface to, application servers 114. The application servers 114 are communicatively coupled to a database server 120, which facilitates access to a database 126 that stores data associated with messages processed by the application servers 114. Similarly, a web server 128 is coupled to the application servers 114, and provides web-based interfaces to the application servers 114. To this end, the web server 128 processes incoming network requests over the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and several other related protocols.
The API server 116 receives and transmits message data (e.g., commands and message payloads) between the client device 102 and the application servers 114. Specifically, the API server 116 provides a set of interfaces (e.g., routines and protocols) that can be called or queried by the client application 104 in order to invoke functionality of the application servers 114. The API server 116 exposes various functions supported by the application servers 114, including account registration, login functionality, the sending of messages, via the application servers 114, from a particular client application 104 to another client application 104, the sending of media files (e.g., images or video) from a client application 104 to a messaging server 118, and for possible access by another client application 104, the settings of a collection of media data (e.g., story), the retrieval of a list of friends of a user of a client device 102, the retrieval of such collections, the retrieval of messages and content, the addition and deletion of entities (e.g., friends) to an entity graph (e.g., a social graph), the location of friends within a social graph, and opening an application event (e.g., relating to the client application 104).
The application servers 114 host a number of server applications and subsystems, including for example a messaging server 118, an image processing server 122, and a social network server 124. The messaging server 118 implements a number of message processing technologies and functions, particularly related to the aggregation and other processing of content (e.g., textual and multimedia content) included in messages received from multiple instances of the client application 104. As will be described in further detail, the text and media content from multiple sources may be aggregated into collections of content (e.g., called stories or galleries). These collections are then made available to the client application 104. Other processor- and memory-intensive processing of data may also be performed server-side by the messaging server 118, in view of the hardware requirements for such processing.
The application servers 114 also include an image processing server 122 that is dedicated to performing various image processing operations, typically with respect to images or video within the payload of a message sent from or received at the messaging server 118.
Image processing server 122 is used to implement scan functionality of the augmentation system 208 (shown in
The social network server 124 supports various social networking functions and services and makes these functions and services available to the messaging server 118. To this end, the social network server 124 maintains and accesses an entity graph 308 (as shown in
Returning to the client application 104, features and functions of an external resource (e.g., a third-party application 109 or applet) are made available to a user via an interface of the client application 104. The client application 104 receives a user selection of an option to launch or access features of an external resource (e.g., a third-party resource), such as external apps 109. The external resource may be a third-party application (external apps 109) installed on the client device 102 (e.g., a “native app”), or a small-scale version of the third-party application (e.g., an “applet”) that is hosted on the client device 102 or remote of the client device 102 (e.g., on third-party servers 110). The small-scale version of the third-party application includes a subset of features and functions of the third-party application (e.g., the full-scale, native version of the third-party standalone application) and is implemented using a markup-language document. In one example, the small-scale version of the third-party application (e.g., an “applet”) is a web-based, markup-language version of the third-party application and is embedded in the client application 104. In addition to using markup-language documents (e.g., a .*ml file), an applet may incorporate a scripting language (e.g., a .*js file or a .json file) and a style sheet (e.g., a .*ss file).
In response to receiving a user selection of the option to launch or access features of the external resource (external app 109), the client application 104 determines whether the selected external resource is a web-based external resource or a locally-installed external application. In some cases, external applications 109 that are locally installed on the client device 102 can be launched independently of and separately from the client application 104, such as by selecting an icon, corresponding to the external application 109, on a home screen of the client device 102. Small-scale versions of such external applications can be launched or accessed via the client application 104 and, in some examples, no or limited portions of the small-scale external application can be accessed outside of the client application 104. The small-scale external application can be launched by the client application 104 receiving, from an external app(s) server 110, a markup-language document associated with the small-scale external application and processing such a document.
In response to determining that the external resource is a locally-installed external application 109, the client application 104 instructs the client device 102 to launch the external application 109 by executing locally-stored code corresponding to the external application 109. In response to determining that the external resource is a web-based resource, the client application 104 communicates with the external app(s) servers 110 to obtain a markup-language document corresponding to the selected resource. The client application 104 then processes the obtained markup-language document to present the web-based external resource within a user interface of the client application 104.
The client application 104 can notify a user of the client device 102, or other users related to such a user (e.g., “friends”), of activity taking place in one or more external resources. For example, the client application 104 can provide participants in a conversation (e.g., a chat session) in the client application 104 with notifications relating to the current or recent use of an external resource by one or more members of a group of users. One or more users can be invited to join in an active external resource or to launch a recently-used but currently inactive (in the group of friends) external resource. The external resource can provide participants in a conversation, each using a respective client application 104, with the ability to share an item, status, state, or location in an external resource with one or more members of a group of users into a chat session. The shared item may be an interactive chat card with which members of the chat can interact, for example, to launch the corresponding external resource, view specific information within the external resource, or take the member of the chat to a specific location or state within the external resource. Within a given external resource, response messages can be sent to users on the client application 104. The external resource can selectively include different media items in the responses, based on a current context of the external resource.
The client application 104 can present a list of the available external resources (e.g., third-party or external applications 109 or applets) to a user to launch or access a given external resource. This list can be presented in a context-sensitive menu. For example, the icons representing different ones of the external application 109 (or applets) can vary based on how the menu is launched by the user (e.g., from a conversation interface or from a non-conversation interface).
In some examples, the client application 104 can allow a user to join a community and/or subgroup within a community based on account information that is input. Specifically, the client application 104 receives account information from the user, such as an email address, location, or phone number. The client application 104 transmits the account information to a server, such as a community subgroup system 224. The community subgroup system 224 extracts a portion of the account information that is generic to a location or group, such as a domain portion of the email address, a city or zip code associated with the location, and/or an area code associated with the phone number. The community subgroup system 224 searches a list of communities each associated with one or more types of account information to identify an individual community that is associated with the extracted portion of the account information. The community subgroup system 224 can then select a subgroup within the individual community and automatically enroll or provide an option to enroll the user as a member of the subgroup within the community.
In some cases, once enrolled, the client application 104 of the user can be used to access a page that includes content or information associated with the subgroup that is exclusively available to members of the subgroup. The client application 104 is also enabled to upload or submit content, such as media assets, to the page for access by other members of the subgroup. Further details of the community subgroup system 224 are discussed below.
The ephemeral timer system 202 is responsible for enforcing the temporary or time-limited access to content by the client application 104 and the messaging server 118. The ephemeral timer system 202 incorporates a number of timers that, based on duration and display parameters associated with a message, or collection of messages (e.g., a story), selectively enable access (e.g., for presentation and display) to messages and associated content via the client application 104. Further details regarding the operation of the ephemeral timer system 202 are provided below.
The collection management system 204 is responsible for managing sets or collections of media (e.g., collections of text, image video, and audio data). A collection of content (e.g., messages, including images, video, text, and audio) may be organized into an “event gallery” or an “event story.” Such a collection may be made available for a specified time period, such as the duration of an event to which the content relates. For example, content relating to a music concert may be made available as a “story” for the duration of that music concert. The collection management system 204 may also be responsible for publishing an icon that provides notification of the existence of a particular collection to the user interface of the client application 104.
The collection management system 204 further includes a curation interface 206 that allows a collection manager to manage and curate a particular collection of content. For example, the curation interface 206 enables an event organizer to curate a collection of content relating to a specific event (e.g., delete inappropriate content or redundant messages). Additionally, the collection management system 204 employs machine vision (or image recognition technology) and content rules to automatically curate a content collection. In certain examples, compensation may be paid to a user for the inclusion of user-generated content into a collection. In such cases, the collection management system 204 operates to automatically make payments to such users for the use of their content.
The augmentation system 208 provides various functions that enable a user to augment (e.g., annotate or otherwise modify or edit) media content associated with a message. For example, the augmentation system 208 provides functions related to the generation and publishing of media overlays for messages processed by the messaging system 100. The augmentation system 208 operatively supplies a media overlay or augmentation (e.g., an image filter) to the client application 104 based on a geolocation of the client device 102. In another example, the augmentation system 208 operatively supplies a media overlay to the client application 104 based on other information, such as social network information of the user of the client device 102. A media overlay may include audio and visual content and visual effects. Examples of audio and visual content include pictures, texts, logos, animations, and sound effects. An example of a visual effect includes color overlaying. The audio and visual content or the visual effects can be applied to a media content item (e.g., a photo) at the client device 102. For example, the media overlay may include text, a graphical element, or image that can be overlaid on top of a photograph taken by the client device 102. In another example, the media overlay includes an identification of a location overlay (e.g., Venice beach), a name of a live event, or a name of a merchant overlay (e.g., Beach Coffee House). In another example, the augmentation system 208 uses the geolocation of the client device 102 to identify a media overlay that includes the name of a merchant at the geolocation of the client device 102. The media overlay may include other indicia associated with the merchant. The media overlays may be stored in the database 126 and accessed through the database server 120.
In some examples, the augmentation system 208 provides a user-based publication platform that enables users to select a geolocation on a map and upload content associated with the selected geolocation. The user may also specify circumstances under which a particular media overlay should be offered to other users. The augmentation system 208 generates a media overlay that includes the uploaded content and associates the uploaded content with the selected geolocation.
In other examples, the augmentation system 208 provides a merchant-based publication platform that enables merchants to select a particular media overlay associated with a geolocation via a bidding process. For example, the augmentation system 208 associates the media overlay of the highest bidding merchant with a corresponding geolocation for a predefined amount of time. The augmentation system 208 communicates with the image processing server 122 to obtain augmented reality experiences and presents identifiers of such experiences in one or more user interfaces (e.g., as icons over a real-time image or video or as thumbnails or icons in interfaces dedicated for presented identifiers of augmented reality experiences). Once an augmented reality experience is selected, one or more images, videos, or augmented reality graphical elements are retrieved and presented as an overlay on top of the images or video captured by the client device 102. In some cases, the camera is switched to a front-facing view (e.g., the front-facing camera of the client device 102 is activated in response to activation of a particular augmented reality experience) and the images from the front-facing camera of the client device 102 start being displayed on the client device 102 instead of the rear-facing camera of the client device 102. The one or more images, videos, or augmented reality graphical elements are retrieved and presented as an overlay on top of the images that are captured and displayed by the front-facing camera of the client device 102.
In other examples, the augmentation system 208 is able to communicate and exchange data with another augmentation system 208 on another client device 102 and with the server via the network 112. The data exchanged can include a session identifier that identifies the shared AR session, a transformation between a first client device 102 and a second client device 102 (e.g., a plurality of client devices 102 include the first and second devices) that is used to align the shared AR session to a common point of origin, a common coordinate frame, functions (e.g., commands to invoke functions) as well as other payload data (e.g., text, audio, video or other multimedia data), such as during a video call between a plurality of users or participants.
The augmentation system 208 sends the transformation to the second client device 102 so that the second client device 102 can adjust the AR coordinate system based on the transformation. In this way, the first and second client devices 102 synch up their coordinate systems and frames for displaying content in the AR session. Specifically, the augmentation system 208 computes the point of origin of the second client device 102 in the coordinate system of the first client device 102. The augmentation system 208 can then determine an offset in the coordinate system of the second client device 102 based on the position of the point of origin from the perspective of the second client device 102 in the coordinate system of the second client device 102. This offset is used to generate the transformation so that the second client device 102 generates AR content according to a common coordinate system or frame as the first client device 102.
The augmentation system 208 can communicate with the client device 102 to establish individual or shared AR sessions. The augmentation system 208 can also be coupled to the messaging server 118 to establish an electronic group communication session (e.g., group chat, instant messaging, video call, group video call, and so forth) for the client devices 102 in a shared AR session. The electronic group communication session can be associated with a session identifier provided by the client devices 102 to gain access to the electronic group communication session and to the shared AR session. In one example, the client devices 102 first gain access to the electronic group communication session and then obtain the session identifier in the electronic group communication session that allows the client devices 102 to access the shared AR session. In some examples, the client devices 102 are able to access the shared AR session without aid or communication with the augmentation system 208 in the application servers 114.
The map system 210 provides various geographic location functions, and supports the presentation of map-based media content and messages by the client application 104. For example, the map system 210 enables the display of user icons or avatars (e.g., stored in profile data 316, shown in
The game system 212 provides various gaming functions within the context of the client application 104. The client application 104 provides a game interface providing a list of available games (e.g., web-based games or web-based applications) that can be launched by a user within the context of the client application 104, and played with other users of the messaging system 100. The messaging system 100 further enables a particular user to invite other users to participate in the play of a specific game, by issuing invitations to such other users from the client application 104. The client application 104 also supports both voice and text messaging (e.g., chats) within the context of gameplay, provides a leaderboard for the games, and also supports the provision of in-game rewards (e.g., coins and items).
The external resource system 220 provides an interface for the client application 104 to communicate with external app(s) servers 110 to launch or access external resources. Each external resource (apps) server 110 hosts, for example, a markup language (e.g., HTML5) based application or small-scale version of an external application (e.g., game, utility, payment, or ride-sharing application that is external to the client application 104). The client application 104 may launch a web-based resource (e.g., application) by accessing the HTML5 file from the external resource (apps) servers 110 associated with the web-based resource. In certain examples, applications hosted by external resource servers 110 are programmed in JavaScript leveraging a Software Development Kit (SDK) provided by the messaging server 118. The SDK includes Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) with functions that can be called or invoked by the web-based application. In certain examples, the messaging server 118 includes a JavaScript library that provides a given third-party resource access to certain user data of the client application 104. HTML5 is used as an example technology for programming games, but applications and resources programmed based on other technologies can be used.
In order to integrate the functions of the SDK into the web-based resource, the SDK is downloaded by an external resource (apps) server 110 from the messaging server 118 or is otherwise received by the external resource (apps) server 110. Once downloaded or received, the SDK is included as part of the application code of a web-based external resource. The code of the web-based resource can then call or invoke certain functions of the SDK to integrate features of the client application 104 into the web-based resource.
The SDK stored on the messaging server 118 effectively provides the bridge between an external resource (e.g., third-party or external applications 109 or applets and the client application 104). This provides the user with a seamless experience of communicating with other users on the client application 104, while also preserving the look and feel of the client application 104. To bridge communications between an external resource and a client application 104, in certain examples, the SDK facilitates communication between external resource servers 110 and the client application 104. In certain examples, a WebViewJavaScriptBridge running on a client device 102 establishes two one-way communication channels between an external resource and the client application 104. Messages are sent between the external resource and the client application 104 via these communication channels asynchronously. Each SDK function invocation is sent as a message and callback. Each SDK function is implemented by constructing a unique callback identifier and sending a message with that callback identifier.
By using the SDK, not all information from the client application 104 is shared with external resource servers 110. The SDK limits which information is shared based on the needs of the external resource. In certain examples, each external resource server 110 provides an HTML5 file corresponding to the web-based external resource to the messaging server 118. The messaging server 118 can add a visual representation (such as a box art or other graphic) of the web-based external resource in the client application 104. Once the user selects the visual representation or instructs the client application 104 through a GUI of the client application 104 to access features of the web-based external resource, the client application 104 obtains the HTML5 file and instantiates the resources necessary to access the features of the web-based external resource.
The client application 104 presents a graphical user interface (e.g., a landing page or title screen) for an external resource. During, before, or after presenting the landing page or title screen, the client application 104 determines whether the launched external resource has been previously authorized to access user data of the client application 104. In response to determining that the launched external resource has been previously authorized to access user data of the client application 104, the client application 104 presents another graphical user interface of the external resource that includes functions and features of the external resource. In response to determining that the launched external resource has not been previously authorized to access user data of the client application 104, after a threshold period of time (e.g., 3 seconds) of displaying the landing page or title screen of the external resource, the client application 104 slides up (e.g., animates a menu as surfacing from a bottom of the screen to a middle or other portion of the screen) a menu for authorizing the external resource to access the user data. The menu identifies the type of user data that the external resource will be authorized to use. In response to receiving a user selection of an accept option, the client application 104 adds the external resource to a list of authorized external resources and allows the external resource to access user data from the client application 104. In some examples, the external resource is authorized by the client application 104 to access the user data in accordance with an OAuth 2 framework.
The client application 104 controls the type of user data that is shared with external resources based on the type of external resource being authorized. For example, external resources that include full-scale external applications (e.g., a third-party or external application 109) are provided with access to a first type of user data (e.g., only two-dimensional avatars of users with or without different avatar characteristics). As another example, external resources that include small-scale versions of external applications (e.g., web-based versions of third-party applications) are provided with access to a second type of user data (e.g., payment information, two-dimensional avatars of users, three-dimensional avatars of users, and avatars with various avatar characteristics). Avatar characteristics include different ways to customize a look and feel of an avatar, such as different poses, facial features, clothing, and so forth.
The community subgroup system 224 enables users to seamlessly join or access community and/or subgroup pages of the community based on extracted portions of account information received from the users. Specifically, the community subgroup system 224 receives, from a client device 102, account information associated with a user. The community subgroup system 224 searches a list of communities to identify an individual community that corresponds to the account information or one or more extracted portions of the account information. The community subgroup system 224 selects a subgroup of a plurality of subgroups associated with the individual community in response to identifying the individual community and stores the account information in association with the individual community. The community subgroup system 224 adds the user to the subgroup to enable the client device 102 of the user to access information of the selected subgroup that is exclusively available to members of the subgroup.
For example, the information of the selected subgroup that is exclusively available to the members of the subgroup includes a list of all the members of the subgroup. The community subgroup system 224 can allow the user to post one or more media assets to the subgroup. The one or more media assets can include a story, such as an individual media asset that sequentially plays back a plurality of video clips.
In some examples, the account information includes a domain of an email address of the user. In such cases, the community subgroup system 224 associates each community in the list of communities with a different domain and determines that the individual community is associated with the domain of the email address of the user. The individual community can include a university or college and the subgroup can include a graduation year of the user from the university or college. The community subgroup system 224 determines that a geographical location of the client device is within a threshold distance of a specified location associated with the individual community to identify the individual community.
In some examples, the community subgroup system 224 determines that the account information has previously been associated with the individual community. In such cases, the community subgroup system 224 prevents the user from being added to the subgroup. The community subgroup system 224 enables non-members of the subgroup to access restricted information associated with the subgroup.
In some examples, the community subgroup system 224 verifies the account information by performing certain operations. For example, the community subgroup system 224 transmits a token to the client device 102 and receives input from the client device including or associated with the token. In such cases, the account information is stored on a server (e.g., by the community subgroup system 224) in response to receiving the input including or associated with the token. In some cases, the community subgroup system 224 transmits an email to the client device 102 with the token and detects that a link within the email was selected on the client device 102. The account information is verified in response to detecting that the link was selected.
In some examples, the subgroup is selected by receiving input from the client device 102 that specifies a criterion of the subgroup. The criterion can include a graduation year within a college or university. In some cases, a list of criteria (e.g., a list of upcoming graduation dates) is presented on the client device 102 and input is received selecting the criterion from the list of criteria. In some examples, the input includes numerical characters that specify the graduation year.
In some examples, the community subgroup system 224 causes the client device 102 to present one or more communities that correspond to the account information. The community subgroup system 224 receives input from the client device that selects the individual community from the one or more communities presented on the client device. The community subgroup system 224 provides an option to add a graphical element representing the subgroup to a profile of the user, the profile being accessible by friends of the user on a messaging application platform.
In some examples, the community subgroup system 224 determines that the user is not associated with any communities on a messaging application platform. In response, the community subgroup system 224 causes the client device to present a graphical user interface with an option to join one or more communities. The account information can be received in response to receiving user input that selects the option to join.
In some examples, the community subgroup system 224 receives a request from the client device to leave the subgroup. In response, the community subgroup system 224 prevents the user from joining any of the plurality of subgroups associated with the individual community for a threshold period of time.
In some examples, the community subgroup system 224 determines that the account information is missing from a profile of the user on a messaging application platform. In response, the community subgroup system 224 causes the client device to present an option to add the account information to the profile of the user.
In some examples, the community subgroup system 224 receives a request from the client device to create an account with a messaging application platform. The community subgroup system 224 determines that the request includes the account information or portion of the account information that corresponds to the individual community. The community subgroup system 224, as part of creating the account and in response to determining that the request comprises the account information that corresponds to the individual community, provides an option for display on the client device 102 to join the individual community.
The database 126 includes message data stored within a message table 302. This message data includes, for any particular one message, at least message sender data, message recipient (or receiver) data, and a payload. Further details regarding information that may be included in a message, and included within the message data stored in the message table 302, are described below with reference to
An entity table 306 stores entity data, and is linked (e.g., referentially) to an entity graph 308 and profile data 316. Entities for which records are maintained within the entity table 306 may include individuals, corporate entities, organizations, objects, places, events, and so forth. Regardless of entity type, any entity regarding which the messaging server system 108 stores data may be a recognized entity. Each entity is provided with a unique identifier, as well as an entity type identifier (not shown).
The entity graph 308 stores information regarding relationships and associations between entities. Such relationships may be social, professional (e.g., work at a common corporation or organization) interested-based or activity-based, merely for example.
The profile data 316 stores multiple types of profile data about a particular entity. The profile data 316 may be selectively used and presented to other users of the messaging system 100, based on privacy settings specified by a particular entity. Where the entity is an individual, the profile data 316 includes, for example, a username, telephone number, address, settings (e.g., notification and privacy settings), as well as a user-selected avatar representation (or collection of such avatar representations). A particular user may then selectively include one or more of these avatar representations within the content of messages communicated via the messaging system 100, and on map interfaces displayed by client applications 104 to other users. The collection of avatar representations may include “status avatars,” which present a graphical representation of a status or activity that the user may select to communicate at a particular time.
Where the entity is a group, the profile data 316 for the group may similarly include one or more avatar representations associated with the group, in addition to the group name, members, and various settings (e.g., notifications) for the relevant group.
The database 126 also stores augmentation data, such as overlays or filters, in an augmentation table 310. The augmentation data is associated with and applied to videos (for which data is stored in a video table 304) and images (for which data is stored in an image table 312).
The database 126 can also store data pertaining to individual and shared AR sessions. This data can include data communicated between an AR session client controller of a first client device 102 and another AR session client controller of a second client device 102, and data communicated between the AR session client controller and the augmentation system 208. Data can include data used to establish the common coordinate frame of the shared AR scene, the transformation between the devices, the session identifier, images depicting a body, skeletal joint positions, wrist joint positions, feet, and so forth.
Filters, in one example, are overlays that are displayed as overlaid on an image or video during presentation to a recipient user. Filters may be of various types, including user-selected filters from a set of filters presented to a sending user by the client application 104 when the sending user is composing a message. Other types of filters include geolocation filters (also known as geo-filters), which may be presented to a sending user based on geographic location. For example, geolocation filters specific to a neighborhood or special location may be presented within a user interface by the client application 104, based on geolocation information determined by a Global Positioning System (GPS) unit of the client device 102.
Another type of filter is a data filter, which may be selectively presented to a sending user by the client application 104, based on other inputs or information gathered by the client device 102 during the message creation process. Examples of data filters include current temperature at a specific location, a current speed at which a sending user is traveling, battery life for a client device 102, or the current time.
Other augmentation data that may be stored within the image table 312 includes augmented reality content items (e.g., corresponding to applying augmented reality experiences). An augmented reality content item or augmented reality item may be a real-time special effect and sound that may be added to an image or a video.
As described above, augmentation data includes augmented reality content items, overlays, image transformations, AR images, AR logos or emblems, and similar terms that refer to modifications that may be applied to image data (e.g., videos or images). This includes real-time modifications, which modify an image as it is captured using device sensors (e.g., one or multiple cameras) of a client device 102 and then displayed on a screen of the client device 102 with the modifications. This also includes modifications to stored content, such as video clips in a gallery that may be modified. For example, in a client device 102 with access to multiple augmented reality content items, a user can use a single video clip with multiple augmented reality content items to see how the different augmented reality content items will modify the stored clip. For example, multiple augmented reality content items that apply different pseudorandom movement models can be applied to the same content by selecting different augmented reality content items for the content. Similarly, real-time video capture may be used with an illustrated modification to show how video images currently being captured by sensors of a client device 102 would modify the captured data. Such data may simply be displayed on the screen and not stored in memory, or the content captured by the device sensors may be recorded and stored in memory with or without the modifications (or both). In some systems, a preview feature can show how different augmented reality content items will look within different windows in a display at the same time. This can, for example, enable multiple windows with different pseudorandom animations to be viewed on a display at the same time.
Data and various systems using augmented reality content items or other such transform systems to modify content using this data can thus involve detection of objects (e.g., faces, hands, bodies, cats, dogs, surfaces, objects, etc.), tracking of such objects as they leave, enter, and move around the field of view in video frames, and the modification or transformation of such objects as they are tracked. In various examples, different methods for achieving such transformations may be used. Some examples may involve generating a three-dimensional mesh model of the object or objects, and using transformations and animated textures of the model within the video to achieve the transformation. In other examples, tracking of points on an object may be used to place an image or texture (which may be two dimensional or three dimensional) at the tracked position. In still further examples, neural network analysis of video frames may be used to place images, models, or textures in content (e.g., images or frames of video). Augmented reality content items thus refer both to the images, models, and textures used to create transformations in content, as well as to additional modeling and analysis information needed to achieve such transformations with object detection, tracking, and placement.
Real-time video processing can be performed with any kind of video data (e.g., video streams, video files, etc.) saved in a memory of a computerized system of any kind. For example, a user can load video files and save them in a memory of a device, or can generate a video stream using sensors of the device. Additionally, any objects can be processed using a computer animation model, such as a human's face and parts of a human body, animals, or non-living things such as chairs, cars, or other objects.
In some examples, when a particular modification is selected along with content to be transformed, elements to be transformed are identified by the computing device, and then detected and tracked if they are present in the frames of the video. The elements of the object are modified according to the request for modification, thus transforming the frames of the video stream. Transformation of frames of a video stream can be performed by different methods for different kinds of transformation. For example, for transformations of frames mostly referring to changing forms of an object's elements, characteristic points for each element of an object are calculated (e.g., using an Active Shape Model (ASM) or other known methods). Then, a mesh based on the characteristic points is generated for each of the at least one element of the object. This mesh is used in the following stage of tracking the elements of the object in the video stream. In the process of tracking, the mentioned mesh for each element is aligned with a position of each element. Then, additional points are generated on the mesh. A first set of first points is generated for each element based on a request for modification, and a set of second points is generated for each element based on the set of first points and the request for modification. Then, the frames of the video stream can be transformed by modifying the elements of the object on the basis of the sets of first and second points and the mesh. In such method, a background of the modified object can be changed or distorted as well by tracking and modifying the background.
In some examples, transformations changing some areas of an object using its elements can be performed by calculating characteristic points for each element of an object and generating a mesh based on the calculated characteristic points. Points are generated on the mesh, and then various areas based on the points are generated. The elements of the object are then tracked by aligning the area for each element with a position for each of the at least one element, and properties of the areas can be modified based on the request for modification, thus transforming the frames of the video stream. Depending on the specific request for modification, properties of the mentioned areas can be transformed in different ways. Such modifications may involve changing color of areas; removing at least some part of areas from the frames of the video stream; including one or more new objects into areas which are based on a request for modification; and modifying or distorting the elements of an area or object. In various examples, any combination of such modifications or other similar modifications may be used. For certain models to be animated, some characteristic points can be selected as control points to be used in determining the entire state-space of options for the model animation.
In some examples of a computer animation model to transform image data using face detection, the face is detected on an image with use of a specific face detection algorithm (e.g., Viola-Jones). Then, an Active Shape Model (ASM) algorithm is applied to the face region of an image to detect facial feature reference points.
Other methods and algorithms suitable for face detection can be used. For example, in some examples, features are located using a landmark, which represents a distinguishable point present in most of the images under consideration. For facial landmarks, for example, the location of the left eye pupil may be used. If an initial landmark is not identifiable (e.g., if a person has an eyepatch), secondary landmarks may be used. Such landmark identification procedures may be used for any such objects. In some examples, a set of landmarks forms a shape. Shapes can be represented as vectors using the coordinates of the points in the shape. One shape is aligned to another with a similarity transform (allowing translation, scaling, and rotation) that minimizes the average Euclidean distance between shape points. The mean shape is the mean of the aligned training shapes.
In some examples, a search is started for landmarks from the mean shape aligned to the position and size of the face determined by a global face detector. Such a search then repeats the steps of suggesting a tentative shape by adjusting the locations of shape points by template matching of the image texture around each point and then conforming the tentative shape to a global shape model until convergence occurs. In some systems, individual template matches are unreliable, and the shape model pools the results of the weak template matches to form a stronger overall classifier. The entire search is repeated at each level in an image pyramid, from coarse to fine resolution.
A transformation system can capture an image or video stream on a client device (e.g., the client device 102) and perform complex image manipulations locally on the client device 102 while maintaining a suitable user experience, computation time, and power consumption. The complex image manipulations may include size and shape changes, emotion transfers (e.g., changing a face from a frown to a smile), state transfers (e.g., aging a subject, reducing apparent age, changing gender), style transfers, graphical element application, and any other suitable image or video manipulation implemented by a convolutional neural network that has been configured to execute efficiently on the client device 102.
In some examples, a computer animation model to transform image data can be used by a system where a user may capture an image or video stream of the user (e.g., a selfie) using a client device 102 having a neural network operating as part of a client application 104 operating on the client device 102. The transformation system operating within the client application 104 determines the presence of a face within the image or video stream and provides modification icons associated with a computer animation model to transform image data, or the computer animation model can be present as associated with an interface described herein. The modification icons include changes that may be the basis for modifying the user's face within the image or video stream as part of the modification operation. Once a modification icon is selected, the transformation system initiates a process to convert the image of the user to reflect the selected modification icon (e.g., generate a smiling face on the user). A modified image or video stream may be presented in a graphical user interface displayed on the client device 102 as soon as the image or video stream is captured, and a specified modification is selected. The transformation system may implement a complex convolutional neural network on a portion of the image or video stream to generate and apply the selected modification. That is, the user may capture the image or video stream and be presented with a modified result in real-time or near real-time once a modification icon has been selected. Further, the modification may be persistent while the video stream is being captured, and the selected modification icon remains toggled. Machine-taught neural networks may be used to enable such modifications.
The graphical user interface, presenting the modification performed by the transformation system, may supply the user with additional interaction options. Such options may be based on the interface used to initiate the content capture and selection of a particular computer animation model (e.g., initiation from a content creator user interface). In various examples, a modification may be persistent after an initial selection of a modification icon. The user may toggle the modification on or off by tapping or otherwise selecting the face being modified by the transformation system and store it for later viewing or browse to other areas of the imaging application. Where multiple faces are modified by the transformation system, the user may toggle the modification on or off globally by tapping or selecting a single face modified and displayed within a graphical user interface. In some examples, individual faces, among a group of multiple faces, may be individually modified, or such modifications may be individually toggled by tapping or selecting the individual face or a series of individual faces displayed within the graphical user interface.
A story table 314 stores data regarding collections of messages and associated image, video, or audio data, which are compiled into a collection (e.g., a story or a gallery). The creation of a particular collection may be initiated by a particular user (e.g., each user for which a record is maintained in the entity table 306). A user may create a “personal story” in the form of a collection of content that has been created and sent/broadcast by that user. To this end, the user interface of the client application 104 may include an icon that is user-selectable to enable a sending user to add specific content to his or her personal story.
A collection may also constitute a “live story,” which is a collection of content from multiple users that is created manually, automatically, or using a combination of manual and automatic techniques. For example, a “live story” may constitute a curated stream of user-submitted content from various locations and events. users whose client devices have location services enabled and are at a common location event at a particular time may, for example, be presented with an option, via a user interface of the client application 104, to contribute content to a particular live story. The live story may be identified to the user by the client application 104, based on his or her location. The end result is a “live story” told from a community perspective.
A further type of content collection is known as a “location story,” which enables a user whose client device 102 is located within a specific geographic location (e.g., on a college or university campus) to contribute to a particular collection. In some examples, a contribution to a location story may require a second degree of authentication to verify that the end user belongs to a specific organization or other entity (e.g., is a student on the university campus).
As mentioned above, the video table 304 stores video data that, in one example, is associated with messages for which records are maintained within the message table 302. Similarly, the image table 312 stores image data associated with messages for which message data is stored in the entity table 306. The entity table 306 may associate various augmentations from the augmentation table 310 with various images and videos stored in the image table 312 and the video table 304.
The contents (e.g., values) of the various components of message 400 may be pointers to locations in tables within which content data values are stored. For example, an image value in the message image payload 406 may be a pointer to (or address of) a location within an image table 312. Similarly, values within the message video payload 408 may point to data stored within a video table 304, values stored within the message augmentation data 412 may point to data stored in an augmentation table 310, values stored within the message story identifier 418 may point to data stored in a story table 314, and values stored within the message sender identifier 422 and the message receiver identifier 424 may point to user records stored within an entity table 306.
The account information module 500 is configured to communicate with a client device 102 to obtain account information. For example, the account information module 500 can present a user interface on a client device 102. In some examples, the user interface can include an option to join a community. In some examples, the user interface includes an option to set up an account with the messaging application platform.
The account information module 500 can receive input from the user that provides the account information. For example, in response to receiving selection of the option to join a community, the account information module 500 presents a user interface requesting a specific type of account information (e.g., email address) to be provided by the user. As another example, the account information module 500 can detect that an email address or specific type of account information was provided by the user to set up the account with the messaging application platform.
In response to receiving the specific type of account information, such as an email address, a phone number, an address, a location, or any other suitable information, the account information module 500 provides such information to the verification module 510 and/or the community subgroup module 520. The verification module 510 can perform a set of operations to verify the validity of the account information. For example, the verification module 510 can determine if the account information was previously received from another user of the messaging application platform. To do so, the verification module 510 can search a list of email addresses or account information stored by the community subgroup system 224.
In response to detecting that the received account information is included in the list of email addresses or account information, the verification module 510 determines that the account information is invalid or fails verification. In such cases, the verification module 510 prevents the user or client device 102 from joining a community or subgroup based on the supplied account information. The verification module 510 can receive updated account information from the client device 102. The verification module 510 can again perform verification on the updated account information. If the updated account information also fails verification, the verification module 510 prevents the client device 102 from submitting additional updated account information for a threshold period of time (e.g., 24 hours).
In some cases, in response to determining that the account information has not previously been stored and associated with one or more communities, the verification module 510 performs additional verification on the account information. For example, the verification module 510 communicates with a verification service to verify authenticity of the account information. In some cases, the verification service (which can be part of the verification module 510 or a separate server) can generate a one-time password or token and can send that one-time password or token to the user based on the account information. For example, if the account information includes an email address, the verification service sends the one-time password or token to the email address. In some implementations, the one-time password or token is sent to the email address using a link embedded in the email. The verification service can receive a communication from the client device 102 indicating that the link was selected. In such cases, the communication includes the one-time password or token and causes the verification service to determine that the account information is valid.
The verification module 510 can receive a communication from the verification service indicating that the account information has been verified. In such cases, the verification module 510 communicates with the community subgroup module 520 to identify one or more communities that are associated with one or more portions of the account information. In some examples, the communities associated with the one or more portions of the account information are identified before, after or while verification of the account information is performed.
The community subgroup module 520 can store a database that includes a list of different communities associated with respective portions of account information types. For example, a first community can be associated with a first domain of an email service and/or a first geographical location, a second community can be associated with a second domain of an email service, a third community can be associated with an area code of a phone number, a fourth community can be associated with an area code of a phone number and a geographical location, a fifth community can be associated with a zip code or city or state, a seventh community can be associated with a venue or geographical location, and so forth.
The community subgroup module 520 can extract a portion of the account information received from the account information module 500. For example, the account information can include an email address (e.g., xyz@test.edu). In such cases, the community subgroup module 520 retrieves the domain portion of the email (e.g., test.edu). In some examples, the account information can include a phone number and, in such cases, the community subgroup module 520 retrieves the area code portion of the phone number. In some examples, the account information can include a zip code or GPS coordinates and, in such cases, the community subgroup module 520 retrieves the city or state associated with the zip code or GPS coordinates.
The community subgroup module 520 searches a list of the different communities to identify one or more communities that correspond to or are associated with the extracted portion of the account information. The community subgroup module 520 can present the one or more communities to the user on the client device 102. The community subgroup module 520 can receive input from the client device 102 that selects an individual community from the list. The community subgroup module 520 can then request further input from the client device 102 to specify a criterion of a subgroup within the individual community. For example, the community subgroup module 520 can request a graduation year to be provided by the client device 102 as the criterion when the individual community corresponds to a college or university. The community subgroup module 520 can present a list of different subgroups (e.g., list of different criteria) associated with the individual community and the client device 102 can receive input that selects a particular subgroup (criterion) from the list of different subgroups. In some examples, the community subgroup module 520 receives a string of characters that specify the criterion and can search for and find a subgroup within the individual community that matches the specified criterion.
After identifying or selecting the subgroup within the individual community, the community subgroup module 520 adds the user as a member of the subgroup of the community. For example, the community subgroup module 520 stores a user identifier of the user to a list of authorized users or members of the subgroup. To do so, the community subgroup module 520 can store the account information in association with the individual community and/or subgroup of the individual community. The community subgroup module 520 can use this account information to prevent other users from re-attempting to register as a member of the same individual community using the same account information. This ensures that access and membership to the community is restricted to one person associated with one set of account information.
Once the user is added to the subgroup of the individual community, the community subgroup module 520 enables the user to view, access, modify and post content to a page of the subgroup. Namely, the community subgroup module 520 can receive a request from the client device 102 to access the page of the subgroup. The community subgroup module 520 can obtain a user identifier of the user of the client device 102. In response to determining that the user identifier matches a given identifier in a list of identifiers or members of the subgroup, the community subgroup module 520 provides a page or content associated with the subgroup. The page can include content that is accessible exclusively only to members of the group, such as a list of members of the subgroup and/or content posted by members of the subgroup. The community subgroup module 520 also allows the client device 102 to submit content, such as media assets to the page for access by other members of the subgroup. In some cases, in response to determining that the user identifier fails to match any identifier in a list of identifiers or members of the subgroup, the community subgroup module 520 provides a page or content associated with the subgroup with generic content, such as a title of the subgroup and description and logo. The page can exclude the list of members of the subgroup of content submitted by the subgroup members.
In some examples, the community subgroup module 520 provides a badge or graphical element that represents the subgroup to the user. The user can select an option to add the graphical element to a profile of the user so other users on the messaging application platform can view the graphical element and determine that the user is member of the subgroup associated with the graphical element. The graphical element can be interactive and selectable by other users who can see the graphical element. In response to receiving selection of the graphical element by one or more other users who are viewing the profile of the user, the community subgroup module 520 enables such users to supply account information to attempt to become members of the same subgroup. If portions of such account information matches the portion of the account information associated with the subgroup, the users can be established as members of the same subgroup and also be provided with the same graphical element for inclusion in their profiles.
In some examples, in response to receiving the account information and successfully adding a user to the subgroup, the account information module 500 can determine if the account information received from the client device 102 to register as a member of the subgroup is included in a profile of the user on the messaging application platform. The account information module 500 can determine that the account information (e.g., email address) used to establish membership of the user in the subgroup or individual community is not included in profile information stored for the user on the messaging application platform. In such cases, the account information module 500 provides a prompt for display to the user on the client device 102 that allows the user to authorize linking the account information with the profile of the user on the messaging application platform. This can be used to enhance security of the user on the messaging application platform. In some examples, if the account information module 500 receives the account information as part of registering or creating an account with the messaging application platform, the account information module 500 stores such account information in the profile and uses this information to present the user with one or more communities that are determined to correspond to a portion of the account information.
In some cases, the community subgroup module 520 can present an option for a user to leave a subgroup. In response to receiving a selection of the option to leave the subgroup, the community subgroup module 520 deletes the user identifier from the list of authorized users or members of the subgroup. The community subgroup module 520 also removes the account information stored for the user by the verification module 510. The community subgroup module 520 can prevent the user from requesting to rejoin the same community for a threshold period of time (e.g., 24 hours or 5 days). To do so, the community subgroup module 520 maintains the account information or user identifier stored in the verification module 510 for the threshold period of time with an indication to prevent verification or to cause failure of verification of the account information during this period of time.
In some examples, the community subgroup system 224 performs a sequence of operations to add a new user as a member of a subgroup. The community subgroup system 224 receives a request from a user to join a community by providing a school email address (or other account information). The community subgroup system 224 searches a list of communities to identify an individual community associated with a domain of the email address (or other portion of the account information). The community subgroup system 224 presents the identified community to the user and requests input from the user to select a subgroup within the community, such as a graduation year or other criterion. The community subgroup system 224 receives that graduation year or other criterion. The community subgroup system 224 requests that a server (e.g., the community subgroup module 520) add the user (associated with a user identifier) and received account information to the specified subgroup.
The community subgroup module 520 communicates with the verification module 510 to determine validity or verification of the account information. The verification module 510 communicates with a verification service to authenticate the account information, such as by using links and/or tokens to the client device 102 of the user. After validating the account information, the verification module 510 indicates that the user is eligible to join the subgroup and provides this indication to the community subgroup module 520. The community subgroup module 520 adds the verified account information to the verification service and provides the user with the option to join the subgroup as a member including an option to add a graphical element that represents the subgroup to a profile of the user on the messaging application platform. The community subgroup module 520 then presents a page of the subgroup that includes content that is accessible exclusively to members of the subgroup.
In response to receiving input that selects the option 614, the community subgroup system 224 presents a user interface 620. The user interface 620 includes a region 622 for receiving account information from the client device 102. For example, the region 622 receives an email address from the user. Based on the email address, the community subgroup system 224 searches for communities associated with a domain of the email address and determines that a community includes multiple subgroups. In such cases, the community subgroup system 224 presents a user interface 630 to receive input from the user selecting a given subgroup. For example, the user interface 630 can include a portion 632 for specifying a criterion (e.g., alphanumeric characters representing a graduation year) for the identified community. In some cases, the community subgroup system 224 receives the input from the user interface 630 before finding the community and as part of receiving account information from the user.
The community subgroup system 224 verifies validity of the account information and determines that the account information was not previously stored and associated with the selected subgroup or identified community. In such cases, the community subgroup system 224 adds a user identifier of the user to a list of authorized users of the selected subgroup. The community subgroup system 224 receives input requesting access to a page of the subgroup. In response to determining that the user identifier of the user operating the client device 102 is included among the user identifiers authorized to access the subgroup, the community subgroup system 224 presents a user interface 640 that includes content of the subgroup. The user interface 640 includes a portion 642 with an option to view and/or upload media assets, such as stories, to the page associated with the subgroup to allow other members of the group to view the media assets. The user interface 640 also includes a region 644 with a list of members of the subgroup. The region 644 includes an option to view all of the members of the group and to contact individually or as a group one or more of the members.
In some examples, the community subgroup system 224 presents a set of user interfaces 700 for viewing communities and/or groups to which the user belongs or is an authorized member. In response to receiving a user request to access a communities list, the community subgroup system 224 presents a user interface 710. The user interface 710 includes an identifier 714 of each community and/or group that includes a user identifier that matches a user identifier of the user of the client device 102. The user interface 710 also includes an add community option 712. In response to detecting selection of the add community option 712, the community subgroup system 224 performs a set of operations similar to those discussed in relation to
In response to receiving a selection of a given identifier of a given subgroup, such as the identifier 714, the community subgroup system 224 presents a set of options associated with the given subgroup in user interface 720. The options 722 that are presented in the user interface 720 include a report community option, a leave community option 724, a show on profile option, and a send to option. The show on profile option toggles ON/OFF whether an indication is shared with friends of the user that the user is a member of the associated community. The send to option allows the user to send a request or notification to a friend to join the associated community. In response to receiving a selection of the leave community option 724, the community subgroup system 224 presents a user interface 730 to confirm that the user intends to leave the community. The user interface 730 includes an option 732 to confirm leaving the community. In response to receiving selection of the option 732, the community subgroup system 224 removes the user identifier from the list of authorized members of the community or subgroup, as discussed above, and prevents the user from requesting or attempting to rejoin the subgroup for a threshold period of time (e.g., 5 days or 15 days).
In some examples, the community subgroup system 224 presents user interfaces 800, shown in
In some examples, after a user is added to a list of authorized members or users of a subgroup or community, the community subgroup system 224 adds a graphical element representing the community to a profile of the user. For example, as shown in user interface 820, the profile includes a graphical element 822. The graphical element 822 can be a badge that includes a title of the community and a title of the subgroup of the community. For example, the graphical element can include a name of a university and a graduation year of the user. In response to receiving a user selection of the graphical element 822, the community subgroup system 224 navigates the user to the user interface 640 (
At operation 901, the community subgroup system 224 (e.g., a client device 102 or a server) receives, from a client device, account information associated with a user, as discussed above.
At operation 902, the community subgroup system 224 searches, by a server, a list of communities to identify an individual community that corresponds to the account information, as discussed above.
At operation 903, the community subgroup system 224 selects a subgroup of a plurality of subgroups associated with the individual community in response to identifying the individual community, as discussed above.
At operation 904, the community subgroup system 224 stores, by the server, the account information in association with the individual community, as discussed above.
At operation 905, the community subgroup system 224 adds the user to the subgroup to enable the client device of the user to access information of the selected subgroup that is exclusively available to members of the subgroup, as discussed above.
The machine 1000 may include processors 1002, memory 1004, and input/output (I/O) components 1038, which may be configured to communicate with each other via a bus 1040. In an example, the processors 1002 (e.g., a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) Processor, a Complex Instruction Set Computing (CISC) Processor, a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuit (RFIC), another processor, or any suitable combination thereof) may include, for example, a processor 1006 and a processor 1010 that execute the instructions 1008. The term “processor” is intended to include multi-core processors that may comprise two or more independent processors (sometimes referred to as “cores”) that may execute instructions contemporaneously. Although
The memory 1004 includes a main memory 1012, a static memory 1014, and a storage unit 1016, all accessible to the processors 1002 via the bus 1040. The main memory 1012, the static memory 1014, and the storage unit 1016 store the instructions 1008 embodying any one or more of the methodologies or functions described herein. The instructions 1008 may also reside, completely or partially, within the main memory 1012, within the static memory 1014, within a machine-readable medium within the storage unit 1016, within at least one of the processors 1002 (e.g., within the processor's cache memory), or any suitable combination thereof, during execution thereof by the machine 1000.
The I/O components 1038 may include a wide variety of components to receive input, provide output, produce output, transmit information, exchange information, capture measurements, and so on. The specific I/O components 1038 that are included in a particular machine will depend on the type of machine. For example, portable machines such as mobile phones may include a touch input device or other such input mechanisms, while a headless server machine will likely not include such a touch input device. It will be appreciated that the I/O components 1038 may include many other components that are not shown in
In further examples, the I/O components 1038 may include biometric components 1028, motion components 1030, environmental components 1032, or position components 1034, among a wide array of other components. For example, the biometric components 1028 include components to detect expressions (e.g., hand expressions, facial expressions, vocal expressions, body gestures, or eye-tracking), measure biosignals (e.g., blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature, perspiration, or brain waves), identify a person (e.g., voice identification, retinal identification, facial identification, fingerprint identification, or electroencephalogram-based identification), and the like. The motion components 1030 include acceleration sensor components (e.g., accelerometer), gravitation sensor components, rotation sensor components (e.g., gyroscope).
The environmental components 1032 include, for example, one or cameras (with still image/photograph and video capabilities), illumination sensor components (e.g., photometer), temperature sensor components (e.g., one or more thermometers that detect ambient temperature), humidity sensor components, pressure sensor components (e.g., barometer), acoustic sensor components (e.g., one or more microphones that detect background noise), proximity sensor components (e.g., infrared sensors that detect nearby objects), gas sensors (e.g., gas detection sensors to detection concentrations of hazardous gases for safety or to measure pollutants in the atmosphere), or other components that may provide indications, measurements, or signals corresponding to a surrounding physical environment.
With respect to cameras, the client device 102 may have a camera system comprising, for example, front cameras on a front surface of the client device 102 and rear cameras on a rear surface of the client device 102. The front cameras may, for example, be used to capture still images and video of a user of the client device 102 (e.g., “selfies”), which may then be augmented with augmentation data (e.g., filters) described above. The rear cameras may, for example, be used to capture still images and videos in a more traditional camera mode, with these images similarly being augmented with augmentation data. In addition to front and rear cameras, the client device 102 may also include a 360° camera for capturing 360° photographs and videos.
Further, the camera system of a client device 102 may include dual rear cameras (e.g., a primary camera as well as a depth-sensing camera), or even triple, quad or penta rear camera configurations on the front and rear sides of the client device 102. These multiple cameras systems may include a wide camera, an ultra-wide camera, a telephoto camera, a macro camera, and a depth sensor, for example.
The position components 1034 include location sensor components (e.g., a GPS receiver component), altitude sensor components (e.g., altimeters or barometers that detect air pressure from which altitude may be derived), orientation sensor components (e.g., magnetometers), and the like.
Communication may be implemented using a wide variety of technologies. The I/O components 1038 further include communication components 1036 operable to couple the machine 1000 to a network 1020 or devices 1022 via respective coupling or connections. For example, the communication components 1036 may include a network interface component or another suitable device to interface with the network 1020. In further examples, the communication components 1036 may include wired communication components, wireless communication components, cellular communication components, Near Field Communication (NFC) components, Bluetooth® components (e.g., Bluetooth® Low Energy), WiFi® components, and other communication components to provide communication via other modalities. The devices 1022 may be another machine or any of a wide variety of peripheral devices (e.g., a peripheral device coupled via a USB).
Moreover, the communication components 1036 may detect identifiers or include components operable to detect identifiers. For example, the communication components 1036 may include Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag reader components, NFC smart tag detection components, optical reader components (e.g., an optical sensor to detect one-dimensional bar codes such as Universal Product Code (UPC) bar code, multi-dimensional bar codes such as Quick Response (QR) code, Aztec code, Data Matrix, Dataglyph, MaxiCode, PDF417, Ultra Code, UCC RSS-2D bar code, and other optical codes), or acoustic detection components (e.g., microphones to identify tagged audio signals). In addition, a variety of information may be derived via the communication components 1036, such as location via Internet Protocol (IP) geolocation, location via Wi-Fi® signal triangulation, location via detecting an NFC beacon signal that may indicate a particular location, and so forth.
The various memories (e.g., main memory 1012, static memory 1014, and memory of the processors 1002) and storage unit 1016 may store one or more sets of instructions and data structures (e.g., software) embodying or used by any one or more of the methodologies or functions described herein. These instructions (e.g., the instructions 1008), when executed by processors 1002, cause various operations to implement the disclosed examples.
The instructions 1008 may be transmitted or received over the network 1020, using a transmission medium, via a network interface device (e.g., a network interface component included in the communication components 1036) and using any one of several well-known transfer protocols (e.g., hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)). Similarly, the instructions 1008 may be transmitted or received using a transmission medium via a coupling (e.g., a peer-to-peer coupling) to the devices 1022.
The operating system 1112 manages hardware resources and provides common services. The operating system 1112 includes, for example, a kernel 1114, services 1116, and drivers 1122. The kernel 1114 acts as an abstraction layer between the hardware and the other software layers. For example, the kernel 1114 provides memory management, processor management (e.g., scheduling), component management, networking, and security settings, among other functionality. The services 1116 can provide other common services for the other software layers. The drivers 1122 are responsible for controlling or interfacing with the underlying hardware. For instance, the drivers 1122 can include display drivers, camera drivers, BLUETOOTH® or BLUETOOTH® Low Energy drivers, flash memory drivers, serial communication drivers (e.g., USB drivers), WI-FI® drivers, audio drivers, power management drivers, and so forth.
The libraries 1110 provide a common low-level infrastructure used by applications 1106. The libraries 1110 can include system libraries 1118 (e.g., C standard library) that provide functions such as memory allocation functions, string manipulation functions, mathematic functions, and the like. In addition, the libraries 1110 can include API libraries 1124 such as media libraries (e.g., libraries to support presentation and manipulation of various media formats such as Moving Picture Experts Group-4 (MPEG4), Advanced Video Coding (H.264 or AVC), Moving Picture Experts Group Layer-3 (MP3), Advanced Audio Coding (AAC), Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR) audio codec, Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG or JPG), or Portable Network Graphics (PNG)), graphics libraries (e.g., an OpenGL framework used to render in two dimensions (2D) and three dimensions (3D) in a graphic content on a display), database libraries (e.g., SQLite to provide various relational database functions), web libraries (e.g., WebKit to provide web browsing functionality), and the like. The libraries 1110 can also include a wide variety of other libraries 1128 to provide many other APIs to the applications 1106.
The frameworks 1108 provide a common high-level infrastructure that is used by the applications 1106. For example, the frameworks 1108 provide various graphical user interface (GUI) functions, high-level resource management, and high-level location services. The frameworks 1108 can provide a broad spectrum of other APIs that can be used by the applications 1106, some of which may be specific to a particular operating system or platform.
In an example, the applications 1106 may include a home application 1136, a contacts application 1130, a browser application 1132, a book reader application 1134, a location application 1142, a media application 1144, a messaging application 1146, a game application 1148, and a broad assortment of other applications such as an external application 1140. The applications 1106 are programs that execute functions defined in the programs. Various programming languages can be employed to create one or more of the applications 1106, structured in a variety of manners, such as object-oriented programming languages (e.g., Objective-C, Java, or C++) or procedural programming languages (e.g., C or assembly language). In a specific example, the external application 1140 (e.g., an application developed using the ANDROID™ or IOS™ software development kit (SDK) by an entity other than the vendor of the particular platform) may be mobile software running on a mobile operating system such as IOS™, ANDROID™, WINDOWS® Phone, or another mobile operating system. In this example, the external application 1140 can invoke the API calls 1150 provided by the operating system 1112 to facilitate functionality described herein.
“Carrier signal” refers to any intangible medium that is capable of storing, encoding, or carrying instructions for execution by the machine, and includes digital or analog communications signals or other intangible media to facilitate communication of such instructions. Instructions may be transmitted or received over a network using a transmission medium via a network interface device.
“Client device” refers to any machine that interfaces to a communications network to obtain resources from one or more server systems or other client devices. A client device may be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, desktop computer, laptop, portable digital assistants (PDAs), smartphones, tablets, ultrabooks, netbooks, laptops, multi-processor systems, microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics, game consoles, set-top boxes, or any other communication device that a user may use to access a network.
“Communication network” refers to one or more portions of a network that may be an ad hoc network, an intranet, an extranet, a virtual private network (VPN), a local area network (LAN), a wireless LAN (WLAN), a wide area network (WAN), a wireless WAN (WWAN), a metropolitan area network (MAN), the Internet, a portion of the Internet, a portion of the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), a plain old telephone service (POTS) network, a cellular telephone network, a wireless network, a Wi-Fi® network, another type of network, or a combination of two or more such networks. For example, a network or a portion of a network may include a wireless or cellular network and the coupling may be a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) connection, a Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) connection, or other types of cellular or wireless coupling. In this example, the coupling may implement any of a variety of types of data transfer technology, such as Single Carrier Radio Transmission Technology (1×RTT), Evolution-Data Optimized (EVDO) technology, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) technology, Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE) technology, third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) including 3G, fourth generation wireless (4G) networks, Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), High Speed Packet Access (HSPA), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard, others defined by various standard-setting organizations, other long-range protocols, or other data transfer technology.
“Component” refers to a device, physical entity, or logic having boundaries defined by function or subroutine calls, branch points, APIs, or other technologies that provide for the partitioning or modularization of particular processing or control functions. Components may be combined via their interfaces with other components to carry out a machine process. A component may be a packaged functional hardware unit designed for use with other components and a part of a program that usually performs a particular function of related functions.
Components may constitute either software components (e.g., code embodied on a machine-readable medium) or hardware components. A “hardware component” is a tangible unit capable of performing certain operations and may be configured or arranged in a certain physical manner. In various examples, one or more computer systems (e.g., a standalone computer system, a client computer system, or a server computer system) or one or more hardware components of a computer system (e.g., a processor or a group of processors) may be configured by software (e.g., an application or application portion) as a hardware component that operates to perform certain operations as described herein.
A hardware component may also be implemented mechanically, electronically, or any suitable combination thereof. For example, a hardware component may include dedicated circuitry or logic that is permanently configured to perform certain operations. A hardware component may be a special-purpose processor, such as a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). A hardware component may also include programmable logic or circuitry that is temporarily configured by software to perform certain operations. For example, a hardware component may include software executed by a general-purpose processor or other programmable processor. Once configured by such software, hardware components become specific machines (or specific components of a machine) uniquely tailored to perform the configured functions and are no longer general-purpose processors. It will be appreciated that the decision to implement a hardware component mechanically, in dedicated and permanently configured circuitry, or in temporarily configured circuitry (e.g., configured by software), may be driven by cost and time considerations. Accordingly, the phrase “hardware component” (or “hardware-implemented component”) should be understood to encompass a tangible entity, be that an entity that is physically constructed, permanently configured (e.g., hardwired), or temporarily configured (e.g., programmed) to operate in a certain manner or to perform certain operations described herein.
Considering examples in which hardware components are temporarily configured (e.g., programmed), each of the hardware components need not be configured or instantiated at any one instance in time. For example, where a hardware component comprises a general-purpose processor configured by software to become a special-purpose processor, the general-purpose processor may be configured as respectively different special-purpose processors (e.g., comprising different hardware components) at different times. Software accordingly configures a particular processor or processors, for example, to constitute a particular hardware component at one instance of time and to constitute a different hardware component at a different instance of time.
Hardware components can provide information to, and receive information from, other hardware components. Accordingly, the described hardware components may be regarded as being communicatively coupled. Where multiple hardware components exist contemporaneously, communications may be achieved through signal transmission (e.g., over appropriate circuits and buses) between or among two or more of the hardware components. In examples in which multiple hardware components are configured or instantiated at different times, communications between such hardware components may be achieved, for example, through the storage and retrieval of information in memory structures to which the multiple hardware components have access. For example, one hardware component may perform an operation and store the output of that operation in a memory device to which it is communicatively coupled. A further hardware component may then, at a later time, access the memory device to retrieve and process the stored output. Hardware components may also initiate communications with input or output devices, and can operate on a resource (e.g., a collection of information).
The various operations of example methods described herein may be performed, at least partially, by one or more processors that are temporarily configured (e.g., by software) or permanently configured to perform the relevant operations. Whether temporarily or permanently configured, such processors may constitute processor-implemented components that operate to perform one or more operations or functions described herein. As used herein, “processor-implemented component” refers to a hardware component implemented using one or more processors. Similarly, the methods described herein may be at least partially processor-implemented, with a particular processor or processors being an example of hardware. For example, at least some of the operations of a method may be performed by one or more processors 1002 or processor-implemented components. Moreover, the one or more processors may also operate to support performance of the relevant operations in a “cloud computing” environment or as a “software as a service” (SaaS). For example, at least some of the operations may be performed by a group of computers (as examples of machines including processors), with these operations being accessible via a network (e.g., the Internet) and via one or more appropriate interfaces (e.g., an API). The performance of certain of the operations may be distributed among the processors, not only residing within a single machine, but deployed across a number of machines. In some examples, the processors or processor-implemented components may be located in a single geographic location (e.g., within a home environment, an office environment, or a server farm). In other examples, the processors or processor-implemented components may be distributed across a number of geographic locations.
“Computer-readable storage medium” refers to both machine-storage media and transmission media. Thus, the terms include both storage devices/media and carrier waves/modulated data signals. The terms “machine-readable medium,” “computer-readable medium” and “device-readable medium” mean the same thing and may be used interchangeably in this disclosure.
“Ephemeral message” refers to a message that is accessible for a time-limited duration. An ephemeral message may be a text, an image, a video and the like. The access time for the ephemeral message may be set by the message sender. Alternatively, the access time may be a default setting or a setting specified by the recipient. Regardless of the setting technique, the message is transitory.
“Machine storage medium” refers to a single or multiple storage devices and media (e.g., a centralized or distributed database, and associated caches and servers) that store executable instructions, routines and data. The term shall accordingly be taken to include, but not be limited to, solid-state memories, and optical and magnetic media, including memory internal or external to processors. Specific examples of machine-storage media, computer-storage media and device-storage media include non-volatile memory, including by way of example semiconductor memory devices, e.g., erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), FPGA, and flash memory devices; magnetic disks such as internal hard disks and removable disks; magneto-optical disks; and CD-ROM and DVD-ROM disks The terms “machine-storage medium,” “device-storage medium,” “computer-storage medium” mean the same thing and may be used interchangeably in this disclosure. The terms “machine-storage media,” “computer-storage media,” and “device-storage media” specifically exclude carrier waves, modulated data signals, and other such media, at least some of which are covered under the term “signal medium.”
“Non-transitory computer-readable storage medium” refers to a tangible medium that is capable of storing, encoding, or carrying the instructions for execution by a machine.
“Signal medium” refers to any intangible medium that is capable of storing, encoding, or carrying the instructions for execution by a machine and includes digital or analog communications signals or other intangible media to facilitate communication of software or data. The term “signal medium” shall be taken to include any form of a modulated data signal, carrier wave, and so forth. The term “modulated data signal” means a signal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changed in such a matter as to encode information in the signal. The terms “transmission medium” and “signal medium” mean the same thing and may be used interchangeably in this disclosure.
Changes and modifications may be made to the disclosed examples without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. These and other changes or modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure, as expressed in the following claims.
