The present invention generally relates to a keyless entry or activation system and method, and more particularly, a keyless entry or activation system and method suitable for vehicles or other equipment already adapted for fob-type key-less entry or equivalent.
Modern vehicles and other equipment are often equipped for remote entry control using a fob-type key device. A fob-type key device is a small, pocket-sized, radio-frequency (RF) signaling device, usually attached (like a fob) to the same key ring holding the mechanical ignition key (or other control key). By pressing a switch button on the fob-type key, the user is able to remotely open the door(s) and/or turn on a portion of the vehicle or other equipment without having to insert a mechanical key in a mechanical lock. This is a great convenience and an attractive safety feature. The fob-type keyless entry works by sending a coded RF signal to a receiver-decoder-actuator in the vehicle. This in-car system unlocks the door and/or performs other predetermined functions when it detects a valid “OPEN” code or equivalent on the RF signal received from the fob.
A disadvantage of such arrangement is that the fob-type key must be brought into the vicinity of the vehicle for it to function. Thus, the user must carry the fob-type key with him or her in order to be able to use it. Under these circumstances, the physical security of the fob-type key is essential for preventing unauthorized entry into the vehicle. If the fob is lost or stolen, vehicle security is compromised.
Sometimes vehicles are provided with key-less entry systems where the user only needs to remember a door code (e.g., a vehicle PIN number) and need not carry the electronic or mechanical key along. This eliminates the security risk arising from having to carry the key. Such key-less entry systems usually have the form of a small keypad built into the door of the car. To gain access to the vehicle, the user merely enters his or her personal entry code into the keypad and the door is automatically unlocked by the vehicle electronic system. A physical key or remote fob-type key is not needed. This arrangement is well known and very useful. However such keyless entry systems are still only in limited use and are usually available only as a hard-wired, “factory installed” option. “Factory installed” means that the components needed to provide the key-less entry function are hard-wired into the car at the time of construction and cannot be easily added afterward, for example, as a “dealer installed” or “after-market” option. This is a significant limitation.
Accordingly, it is desirable to be able to provide a keyless entry or activation system that is easily installed after a vehicle (or other equipment or structure) is manufactured and that does not depend on a factory installed keypad or keypad wiring harness. In addition, it is desirable that such an “after market” system be simple to install and operate, be of comparatively low cost and still have an appearance and function substantially equivalent to a factory installed system. Furthermore, other desirable features and characteristics of the present invention will become apparent from the subsequent detailed description and the appended claims, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the foregoing technical field and background.
An apparatus is provided for a key-less system for actuating a lock responsive to a valid OPEN command. The apparatus comprises a power source, a first system portion coupled to the power source and receiving power therefrom while the system is in an active or inactive state, a second system portion coupled to the power source by a switch and receiving power therefrom and in an active state only when the switch is ON, wherein the first portion comprises: a keypad having one or more keys that when depressed provide an electronic signal representing an entered actuation code, and a detector coupled to the keypad that intercepts at least a first keystroke of the multiple keys and in response to the first keystroke turns the switch ON, thereby making the second system portion active; wherein the second portion comprises: a memory with one or more valid actuation codes stored therein, a processor coupled to the memory and the keypad, wherein the processor receives from the keypad, keystroke sequences representing the entered actuation code and compares them to valid actuation codes retrieved from the memory to detect a match, and a transmitter coupled to the processor, wherein when the processor detects the match, the transmitter sends out an RF signal carrying a valid OPEN command recognizable by the lock. In a preferred embodiment, the transmitter uses the same RF signal for the OPEN command as a fob-type keyless entry device to which the lock is already responsive, thus taking advantage of the receiver-decoder-lock control system already present in a vehicle.
A method is provided for key-less entry using a keypad, a keystroke detector and a power switch coupled to a processor, a memory and a transmitter, for remotely actuating a lock responsive to an “OPEN” command. The method comprises, detecting at least a first keystroke, turning the power switch ON in response to detecting the at least first keystroke thereby preferably powering up the processor, memory and at least the transmitter, receiving keystrokes from the keypad and comparing the received keystrokes to one or more valid entry codes stored in the memory, and if a match, transmitting an RF signal containing the OPEN command to the lock.
The present invention will hereinafter be described in conjunction with the following drawing figures, wherein like numerals denote like elements, and
The following detailed description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the invention or the application and uses of the invention. Furthermore, there is no intention to be bound by any expressed or implied theory presented in the preceding technical field, background, brief summary or the following detailed description.
For convenience of explanation and not intended to be limiting, the present invention is described for the situation where it is being used to provide door entry and security for a vehicle, that is, as a key-less vehicle entry system. However those of skill in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited merely to vehicles and can be applied to any situation where key-less entry or key-less equipment activation is desired. As used herein, the words “entry”, “vehicle”, “key-less entry” and “key-less vehicle entry” are intended to include such other applications, for example but not limited to: equipment activation and deactivation, locking or unlocking doors in boats, planes and structures other than cars, turning lights on and off, activating and deactivating alarm systems or other machinery or equipment, and so forth. Further, the present invention is described in terms of performing an “open” or “unlock” function, but this is merely for convenience of explanation and not intended to be limiting. Persons of skill in the art will understand that the functions performed by the present invention can activate and deactivate various vehicles and other subsystems, as for example and not intended to be limiting, sounding a horn or other alarm, turning lights on or off, starting and stopping the engine or motors, locking and unlocking doors and other latches, opening and closing windows, and so forth. The functions performed depend on the user's requirements.
Keypad 26 contains N user operable keys 16 (see
When a user depresses any of keys 16 of keypad 26 on module 10, an electrical signal is sent via lead or bus 40 to keystroke detector 28. Keystroke detector 28 is conveniently a state machine or circuit whose purpose is to determine that a key on module 10 has been depressed. Keystroke detector 28 then sends a signal via lead or bus 42 to Power ON/OFF switch 24 causing power ON/OFF switch to turn ON. When power ON/OFF switch turns ON, it provides power to DC lead 29 and thereby via leads 31, 33, 35 to memory 32, processor 30, and transmitter 34. Thus, a purpose of keystroke detector 28 is to wake up or power-up the rest of system 20 as soon as any of keys 16 is activated. If keystroke detector 28 fails to detect further keystrokes or fails to detect further keystrokes corresponding to an attempt to enter an entry code, then it causes Power ON/OFF switch 24 to turn OFF again, conveniently via lead or bus 42. Power ON/OFF switch 24 desirably contains a self-timer that starts when switch 24 turns ON and that causes switch 24 to turn OFF state after a predetermined delay. Alternatively, the timing function can be built into detector 28 or processor 30 or provided by a separate time delay element. Any arrangement suffices.
The keystroke signals from keypad 26 are passed via lead or bus 44 or 50 to keystroke processor 30. While
When a match is obtained, then processor 30 passes a “SEND” command via lead or bus 48 to transmitter 34. Transmitter 34 then transmits an RF signal containing an “OPEN” (or other) command via antenna 36 that is recognized by the radio receiver and control logic of the door lock controller in the vehicle or equipment or structure as a proper command to unlock the door (the radio receiver and control logic are standard and are not shown). The target door then unlocks and other equipment (e.g., lights) may also be actuated or other functions performed corresponding to the transmitted command. No wiring is needed between module 10 and the door lock controller on the vehicle or equipment or structure. After transmitter 34 has sent the desired message, power ON/OFF switch 24 is directed via lead or bus 54 to revert to the OFF state.
Where the vehicle door lock controller already has a radio receiver adapted to receive an “OPEN” signal from a fob-type keyless entry unit, transmitter 34 preferably sends an identically coded signal, that is, the same signal as would be transmitted by the key-less entry fob. This eliminates the need for a separate receiver—decoder in the vehicle, thereby reducing the overall system cost and making retro-fit, after-market installation of key-less entry module 10 particularly convenient and inexpensive. By using the same coded RF signal as would be transmitted to the vehicle by a fob-type keyless entry unit, nothing within the vehicle needs to be changed nor any of the vehicle wiring disturbed. All that is required is to bring or mount key-less entry module 10 with radio range of the fob-type key-less entry radio receiver in the vehicle. Thus, a vehicle may be retro-fitted with key-less entry module 10 by, for example, attaching lower surface 18 of module 10 to the outside of the vehicle door in substantially the same place where a hard-wired factory installed keypad would have been located. Module 10 may be attached using adhesive, screws, rivets, a combination thereof or other means well known in the art. Module 10 does not need to connect to the vehicle wiring. From the point of view of the user, key-less entry module 10 of the present invention when installed on a vehicle equipped with a fob-type entry system does not require any wiring changes to the vehicle, and looks and acts substantially the same as a factory installed, “original-equipment” keypad entry system. This is a significant advantage. For vehicles not already equipped with a fob-type entry system, the vehicle portion of such system may be retrofitted as an after-market or dealer installed item, thereby permitting the vehicle (or equipment or structure) to operate in conjunction with key-less entry module 10. As those of skill in the art will understand based on the description herein, module 10 of the present invention is not limited merely to a transmitter—receiver combination mimicking a fob-type keyless entry system. Transmitter 34 of
While it is preferable that power ON/OFF switch 24 control the power to processor 30 and memory 32, this is not essential and logic 30 and memory 32 may be connected full time to DC power bus 21 as indicated by DC lines 53, 55, 57, much as keypad 26 and keystroke detect module 28 are continuously connected. The use of low power circuitry can reduce the power drain from logic 30 and memory 32. However, transmitter 34 should be coupled to power source 22 through power ON/OFF switch 24 since it is likely to be the highest power consuming portion of system 20.
When step 64 detects that a key has been depressed, then POWER-UP step 66 is performed so that power is supplied to the rest of key-less entry module 10, that is, those portions of system 20 that are not continuously connected to power source 22. Following POWER-UP step 66, TIME DELAY step 68 and KEYSTROKE SEQUENCE query 70 are performed, preferably but not essentially, in parallel. The function of TIME DELAY step 68 is to initiate POWER-DOWN step 72 after a predetermined time interval set by TIME DELAY step 68. While TIME DELAY step 68 is running (i.e., not timed out), KEYSTROKE SEQUENCE query 70 determines whether or not the keystrokes being received from keypad 26 of module 10 are a valid series of keystrokes or merely the result of one or more keys 16 of module 10 being bumped or module 10 picking up an interference signal. This step can be performed in keystroke detector 28 and/or processor 30. If the outcome of query 70 is NO (FALSE) then POWER-DOWN step 72 is performed, returning the system to its quiescent state. KEYSTROKE SEQUENCE query step 70 is desirable but not essential.
If the outcome of query step 70 is YES (TRUE) then steps 74, 76 are performed in any order or in parallel. In DECODE step 74, the sequence of valid keystrokes received from module 10, e.g., from keypad 26 of
If the outcome of MATCH query 78 is YES (TRUE), that is, the entered keystrokes match the stored keystrokes, then TRANSMIT step 80 is performed, otherwise step 80 is not performed. TRANSMIT step 80 sends a radio or optical or infra-red or other wireless signal that will be recognized by the vehicle door control system as a valid “OPEN” or “ACTUATE” command or a combination thereof. Where the vehicle is already equipped for a fob-type entry device, TRANSMIT step 80 sends a signal identical to or compatible to the signal that would be sent by the fob-type entry device. Such signals are generally coded as a security feature, hence the designation of step 80 as a TRANSMIT CODED RF step. The designation “radio-frequency” and the abbreviation “RF” are intended to include electromagnetic radiation of any frequency. Further, any form of coding may be used. In general, the type of coding used is determined by what the vehicle, structure, or equipment control or access system is designed to receive and interpret. Persons of skill in the art will understand what type of coding is needed and how to implement it depending upon the particular type of receiver and control or access system involved.
Following step 80, POWER-DOWN step 72 is performed. POWER-DOWN step 72 may result from several causes including the completion of TIME DELAY from step 68, the outcomes of query steps 70 or 78, or the completion of TRANSMIT step 80. POWER-DOWN step 72 returns module 10 and system 20 to its quiescent state and, as shown via path 73, wherein it awaits another keystroke signal from keys 14 at step 64.
Entered key sequences are received in RECEIVE KEYCODE SEQUENCE step 110. The entered key sequence is decoded and compared in step 114 with stored key-code values retrieved from memory 32, analogous to steps 74, 76 of
Steps 104 to 118 as shown by bracket 124 represent the INSECURE mode of operation of system 20 and module 10 and the associated vehicle. This also applies to
Method 200 begins at 202 with DETECT FIRST KEYSTROKE step 204 analogous to step 64 of
Query 208 determines which sleep mode was selected or which security mode was in use before the last power down. Query 208 has two outcomes, either insecure (IS) mode 209 or secure (S) mode 211. If the sleep state corresponds to insecure (IS) mode 209, then method 200 flows to PROCESS ENTRY CODE step 210 wherein the sequence of keystrokes necessary to unlock the system are received, compared to the entry stored in memory 32, and an “UNLOCK” or “OPEN” message sent to the vehicle receiver by transmitter 34, as has been previously described in connection with
If the sleep state corresponds to secure (S) mode 211, then method 200 by-passes PROCESS ENTRY CODE step 210 and goes to PROCESS COMMAND CODE step 212, wherein one or more command code key sequences can be sent to the vehicle via transmitter 34 to turn lights on or off, actuate various other equipment and so forth, as desired by the user, without repeating the entry or unlock key sequence. PROCESS COMMAND CODE step 212 corresponds to steps 128, 130 of
The output of PROCESS ENTRY CODE step 210 desirably flows to RESET TIMER step 216 as shown by path 213 and to SET SLEEP MODE FLAG step 218 as shown by path 215. RESET TIMER step 216 insures that sufficient time is left in the powered-up condition for additional COMMAND keystrokes can be received from keypad 26 and sent out by transmitter 34 in PROCESS COMMAND CODE step 212. Similarly the output of PROCESS COMMAND CODE step 212 desirably flows to RESET TIMER step 216 via path 217 and to SET SLEEP MODE FLAG step 218 via path 219. The output of PROCESS COMMAND CODE step 212 also flows to optional MANUAL SHUT-DOWN step 220 whose output flows to SET SLEEP MODE step 218. In SET SLEEP MODE step 218, a flag is set in system 20 indicating whether the system should reawaken in insecure (IS) mode 209 or secure (S) mode 211. This capability is readily provided as a part of or incorporated in keystroke detect element 28 and/or processor element 30 and memory 32 of
When the outcome of step 210 flows to step 218, IS flag 209 is preferably set. When the outcome of step 212 flows to step 218, S flag 211 is preferably set. However, the user may choose which sleep mode flag will be set in step 220 which operates in parallel with pathways 215, 219 and can over-ride the default values flowing from steps 210, 212. Once SET SLEEP MODE step 218 has been executed, method 200 desirably flows directly to POWER-DOWN step 223, if immediate shutdown is desired or indirectly to POWER-DOWN step 224 through steps 216, 214 if delayed shutdown is desired. Any arrangement for causing an immediate or timed shutdown can also be used. System 20 desirably powers-down into the sleep mode set by step 218. If for some reason, step 218 has not been executed when step 224 is executed, system 20 desirably defaults to IS mode on POWER-DOWN. After POWER-DOWN step 224 then, as shown by outcome path 213, system 20 returns to START 202 and step 204 to await detection of the first keystroke. As a result of POWER-DOWN step 224, only those portions of system 20 needed to detect the first keystroke and to maintain the sleep mode flag need be active and still coupled to power source 22. The remaining portions of system 20 are desirably disconnected by POWER ON/OFF switch 24, but this is not essential.
For example, when the user enters a predetermined key sequence, processor logic 30 in combination with memory 32 (see
While at least one exemplary embodiment has been presented in the foregoing detailed description, it should be appreciated that a vast number of variations exist. It should also be appreciated that the exemplary embodiment or exemplary embodiments are only examples, and are not intended to limit the scope, applicability, or configuration of the invention in any way. Rather, the foregoing detailed description will provide those skilled in the art with a convenient road map for implementing the exemplary embodiment or exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that various changes can be made in the function and arrangement of elements without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims and the legal equivalents thereof.
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 10/643,731, filed Aug. 19, 2003 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,015,791.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
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4754255 | Sanders et al. | Jun 1988 | A |
4757304 | Rho | Jul 1988 | A |
5077831 | Weber | Dec 1991 | A |
5252960 | Duhame | Oct 1993 | A |
5442341 | Lambropoulos | Aug 1995 | A |
5955981 | Rangan | Sep 1999 | A |
6617975 | Burgess | Sep 2003 | B1 |
7015791 | Huntzicker | Mar 2006 | B2 |
Number | Date | Country | |
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20060170532 A1 | Aug 2006 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 10643731 | Aug 2003 | US |
Child | 11328533 | US |