Patent Application
20070000347
Embodiments of the present invention relate generally to the field of vehicle pedals, and more particularly to a throttle pedal assembly having a hysteresis and a kickdown feature.
Non-mechanical control of vehicles is becoming increasingly more common. Such systems generally include an electronic opening and closing of the engine throttle based on position of a throttle pedal that may be operated by an operator or driver. These systems are typically without, however, a mechanical connection such as a cable between the engine and the throttle pedal. Consequently, a driver or operator may lose a tactile feel or feedback from the engine. One aspect of the loss of tactile feel is what is known as the hysteresis, which may be the effect of pedal resistance the operator feels as the pedal is depressed. Another aspect is the point at which the engine kicks down to a lower gear, such as when the vehicle is going up a hill or attempting to pass.
Embodiments of the present invention will be readily understood by the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. To facilitate this description, like reference numerals designate like structural elements. Embodiments of the invention are illustrated by way of example and not by way of limitation in the figures of the accompanying drawings.
a, 1b and 1c illustrate sectional views of a first described embodiment of the present invention;
a, 3b, 3c and 3d illustrate cross-sectional views of a third described embodiment of the present invention;
a illustrate a side view and a detailed side view, respectively, of a seventh described embodiment of the invention;
a, 12b and 12c illustrate sectional views of a first described embodiment of the present invention.
In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings which form a part hereof wherein like numerals designate like parts throughout, and in which is shown by way of illustration embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and structural or logical changes may be made in alternate embodiments. Therefore, the following detailed description is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of embodiments in accordance with the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
The following description may include terms such as inner, outer, under, between, upward, downward, outward, inward, top, bottom, above, below and the like. Such terms are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting in the description or in the appended claims. That is, these terms are terms that are relative only to a point of reference and are not meant to be interpreted as limitations but are, instead, included in the following description to facilitate understanding of the various aspects of the invention.
Embodiments of the present invention may be directed to electrically and electronically controlled pedal assemblies having a kickdown feature coupled to the pedal assembly housing that is adapted to provide a resistance at a set pedal position to signal the pedal range at where engine/transmission kickdown is likely to occur. In one embodiment, a throttle pedal may include a kickdown feature wherein a determined resistance may be overcome to then allow the pedal to be further depressed, wherein the determined resistance point coincides with engine/transmission kickdown. In some embodiments, the pedal assembly may also include a hysteresis component aimed at providing additional variable resistance to the pedal as it is applied and released combined with a kickdown feature in a simple and efficient design. Further embodiments of the present invention may include a kickdown feature that may be modified, changed, and/or manipulated to increase or decrease both the kickdown position and the amount of kickdown resistance.
a, 1b and 1c Illustrate cross sectional views of an embodiment of the present invention wherein a pedal arrangement 10 includes a slide 12 movable by actuation of a pedal member 8 generally in a direction 14. Pedal 8 may have an upper relieved portion 9 that may make an angle-7 with respect to slide 12. The interface between relieved portion 9 and slide member 12 may create a tipping point 6 about which slide 12 may tip.
A kickdown feature 18, which may be in the form, for example, of at least one of a variety of bumps, protrusions or other objects, may be positioned in the path of the slide 12 and carried by body 16. The slide 12 may have a slide contact surface 11 adapted to contact a kickdown surface 13, such that a force 17 is generated to oppose the force being applied on slide 12 by pedal 8.
b illustrates the slide 12 having made contact with the kickdown feature 18. As the slide contact surface 11 contacts kickdown surface 13, opposing force 17 may cause slide 12 to tip at tipping point 6.
In one embodiment, as the slide 12 moves in direction 14 the second slide contact surface 20 may frictionally engage a second kickdown surface 22 in one embodiment, the friction component between the second slide contact surface 20 and the second kickdown surface 22 may provide a hysteresis effect against the movement of the pedal. It can be appreciated, however, that there need be no frictional contact between the second slide contact surface 20 and the second kickdown surface 22, or even need be any contact (as further shown, for example, in
In one embodiment of the present invention, a spring or other biasing member, may be coupled to or a part of the kickdown contact surface to provide measured resistance and a more gradual opposing force to the pedal movement. In one embodiment, the angle 7 of the relieved portion may be increased or decreased as desired to increase or decrease the kickdown effect. While the pedal member 8 is generally shown to move slide 12 in a generally linear direction, it can be appreciated that in other embodiments, the slide may be moved in an arcuate path, and the kickdown feature may be correspondingly positioned in such arcuate path.
a, 3b, 3c and 3d illustrate cross sectional views of an embodiment of the present invention wherein a pedal arrangement 50 includes a pedal actuatable member 52 movable generally in direction 54. A slide 56 may be in sliding contact with and may at least move in direction 54 with the pedal actuatable member 52. In one embodiment, as the pedal actuatable member 52 moves in direction 54 the slide 56 may slide against a body 58. A friction force between the body 58 and the slide 56 may provide a hysteresis effect by providing variable resistance against the movement of the pedal actuatable member 52.
A kickdown feature 60 may be in the path of the slide 56, such that a slide contact surface 61 may be adapted to contact kickdown surface 63, and wherein a second slide contact surface 62 may be adapted to contact a second kickdown surface 64 as the slide 56 approaches the kickdown feature 60. The second slide contact surface 62 may be adapted to contact second kickdown surface 64 at an approach angle 66a, which may add to the resistance force 65 opposing the force applied by the pedal member 52.
b illustrates the slide 56 having made contact with the kickdown feature 60. As the slide continues to move in direction 54 the slide contact surface 62 slides along second kickdown surface 64 generating an increased friction force, which may thereby add to the hysteresis effect. A relieved upper portion 57 of slide 56 may begin to tip at inflection point 67 in direction 78, and the slide 56 may move away from the body 58 in at least direction 68.
c illustrates the slide 56 fully tilted in direction 78 and a changed approach angle 66b. The changed approach angle 66b can help urge the slide 56 to move in direction 68 and pass kickdown feature 60, as the amount of opposing force applied on slide 56 by kickdown feature 60 may be reduced. As the slide 56 passes kickdown feature 60, the kickdown effect will be felt by the user.
In one embodiment, the amount of relief may be increased or decreased depending on the amount of tilt that may be required to attain the necessary kickdown feel. Also, the attach angle of the second contact surfaces may be varied or eliminated to further modify the kickdown effect. In other embodiments, the relief may be on a forward portion of the slide, or may be a part of the kickdown feature itself.
The slide 98 may be adapted to contact kickdown surface 102, which may be adjustably coupled to the body 90. During pedal rotation about point 96, the slide 98 comes in contact with the kickdown surface 102 of kickdown feature 104, such that pedal movement is impeded. Upon application of a kickdown force the slide will slide over the kickdown feature allowing the pedal to continue to move.
In one embodiment, a kickdown feature 215 may be disposed within and integral with the body 214, and thus stationary relative to the axis 208. The slide 210 may have a primary slide contact surface 216 and a secondary slide contact surface 218 adapted to engage the primary and secondary kickdown feature contact surfaces 226 and 227.
The pedal actuatable member 202 may be impeded from movement by a resistance force generated when primary slide contact surface 216 contacts primarily kickdown feature contact surface 226. As force is applied to the pedal, the slide 210 may begin to tip at inflection point 230. Slide 210 may also slide along the first end 204 toward the axis 208. With the application of sufficient force in combination with the tilting of the slide disruption the complementary fit of the primary contact surfaces a sufficient tilting effect, the slide 210 may be rapidly urged past the primary kickdown feature contact surface 216, thereby relieving the resistance force and resulting in the kickdown effect.
The throttle pedal assembly 200 may further have a biasing member 220 which may include, but is not limited to, a coil spring, a leaf spring, a compression spring, a tension spring, elastomers, or any other known biasing material. The biasing member 220 may be arranged to bias the pedal actuatable member 202 to a throttle closed direction 222. The biasing member 220 may contact the slide 210 and hold the slide 210 against the first end 204. The biasing member 220 may then in turn act on the pedal actuatable member 202 to return the throttle pedal to an idle position after the resistance force is relieved. The slide 210 may be a rigid element or a resilient element that compresses while being pressed against the kickdown feature 216.
The biasing member 220 may have a force component biasing the slide 210 toward the body 214. For example, the biasing member 220 may be positioned at an angle toward the body. As the pedal actuatable member 202 moves against the biasing member 220 the amount of force the biasing member 220 exerts on the slide 210 increases with increased displacement, which in turn increases the resistance encountered due to the increased rotational resistance of the slide 210 at inflection point 230. Thus the resistance generally increases with depression of the pedal, resulting in an increased resistance felt by the operator.
In one embodiment, the kickdown feature 215 may include kickdown surface 224 shaped substantially similar to the shape of the slide contact surface 218 such that they have a complementary fit and the slide contact surface 218 is adapted to contact the kickdown surface 227. The surfaces may, for example, be concentric curves or parallel planes or may be combinations of various geometric relationships.
A second biasing member 234 may be provided to urge the slide 210 toward the body 214, which may help to urge the slide 210 back to frictional engagement with the body 214 after the kickdown effect is no longer in place; that is, the pedal 200 is released and pivoted back to an idle position. Altering the force of second biasing member 234 can be used to further alter the hysteresis effect and /or the kickdown force of the pedal assembly.
The pedal arrangement may be configured to have replaceable or interchangeable parts, for example, interchangeable kickdown features and slides while using common other parts of the arrangement. This may reduce manufacturing and assembly costs as slides and corresponding kickdown features with different angular relationships between the slide contact surface and the kickdown surface can be used to adjust the kickdown effect from a stiff effect to a resilient effect. Further, other kickdown feature geometric configurations may be employed to vary the kickdown effect and position at where kickdown occurs.
a illustrate a side view and a detailed side view, respectively, of an embodiment of the present invention. A pedal arrangement 300 includes a pedal actuatable member 302 pivot-ably arranged at a rotation point 304 with a pedal pad 306 on one end thereof. A slide 308 may be held against the pedal actuatable member 302 with a biasing member such as a return spring 310. The return spring 310 may also act to bias the pedal actuatable member 302 toward a throttle closed stop 312. Upon applying a force to the pedal pad 306 the slide 308 may be urged up towards body 314, by return spring acting in a resistive and angular relationship to the slide 308. As the pedal is further depressed, the magnitude of the urging increases, thus resulting in an increased hysteresis effect.
The body 314 may include a kickdown feature 316, which can be integral with, or a component coupled to the body 314. The slide 308 may contact the kickdown feature 316. Upon making contact, a resistance to further movement may be felt at the pedal pad 306 until a kickdown force is exerted to force the slide 308 to move past the kickdown feature 316. A tilt point 318 is defined at a junction 320 between the slide 308 and the pedal actuatable member 302 about which the slide 308 may tip. The slide 308 has a tilt arm 322 contactable by a protrusion 324 on the kickdown feature 316 that may tip the slide 308 slightly. The slide 308 also has a nose 326. When tipped the nose 326 may make contact with the kickdown feature 316 providing a further and rapid tilt of the slide 308 in a “tilt and trip” motion. A very rapid reduction of the resistance force may be felt at the pedal pad 306 when the slide is tripped. A throttle open stop 328 limits the movement of the pedal actuatable member 302.
The moving of the slide may be in a rectilinear or in an arcuate or circumferential direction, and forcing the slide past the kickdown feature may include moving the slide in a radial direction, or direction nearly perpendicular, or otherwise to the initial movement direction of the slide.
a-12c illustrate sectional views of a an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a pedal arrangement 510 includes a slide 512 movable generally in a direction 514, which may be actuated by a movement of a pedal (not shown). As the slide 512 moves in direction 514 it may be in frictional contact with a contact surface 515 of body 516. Such contact surface may be the body 516, or may be a variety of materials, which line body 516. A friction component between the body 516 and the slide 512 may provide a hysteresis effect against the movement of the pedal.
A kickdown feature 518, which may be in the form, for example, of at least one of a variety of bumps, protrusions or other objects, may be positioned in the path of the slide 512 and carried by body 516. The slide 512 may be adapted for contact with the kickdown feature 518 wherein a slide contact surface 520 may contact a corresponding kickdown surface 522.
b illustrates the slide 512 having made contact with the kickdown feature 518. As the slide continues to move in direction 514 the slide contact surface 520 may slide along kickdown surface 522. As the slide continues to move in direction 514, the slide 512 may be urged away from the body 516 generally in direction 524.
c illustrates the slide contact surface 512 moving past an end 526 of the kickdown surface 522 whereupon it breaks contact with the kickdown surface 522 and is then movable in direction 514 unencumbered by the resistance force of the kickdown surface 522 acting on the slide contact surface 520. The effect felt by the operator may be one of: a hysteresis force/effect while the slide 512 rubs on the body 516. When the contact surface 520 contacts the kickdown surface 522 an increased resistance may be temporarily encountered while the slide contact surface 520 slides along the kickdown surface 522. Then a relatively sudden drop in the pressing force required may be felt as the slide contact surface 520 disengages from the kickdown surface 522. This may be the point where the engine/transmission kickdown can occur, and the overcoming of the increase in resistance may provide the tactile feedback to the operator signaling engine kickdown.
Embodiments of the present invention may be used with any type of pedal assembly, including, but not limited to suspended pedals, floor mounted pedals, remote pedal assemblies and the like. Embodiments of the present invention may be configured to have a hysteresis effect in conjunction with, or separate from, a kickdown feature. Embodiments may also be used with a pedal having a contact surface which is part of a housing or which is separate from a housing. Embodiments may also be configured with an arcuate housing or a straight housing. Embodiments may also be configured wherein the kickdown feature is configured with the housing, or configured separate from the housing. Embodiments may include a slide made from a substantially non-deformable material. Embodiments may include a slide made from an acetyl resin. Embodiments may include a body or a contact surface on the body made from a glass-filled nylon.
Although certain embodiments have been illustrated and described herein for purposes of description of the preferred embodiment, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that a wide variety of alternate and/or equivalent embodiments or implementations calculated to achieve the same purposes may be substituted for the embodiments shown and described. Those with skill in the art will readily appreciate that embodiments in accordance with the present invention may be implemented in a very wide variety of ways. This application is intended to cover any adaptations or variations of the embodiments discussed herein. Therefore, it is manifestly intended that embodiments in accordance with the present invention be limited only by the claims and the equivalents thereof.
