Patent Application
20180298498
The present invention relates to a laminate and a method for manufacturing a laminate.
In recent years, as a kind of thermal spraying method, a cold spraying method for spraying a material powder onto a substrate at a high temperature and a high speed and thereby depositing and coating the material powder on the substrate has attracted attention. In the cold spraying method, a material powder is injected from a tapering divergent (de Laval) nozzle together with an inert gas heated to a temperature of the melting point or the softening point of the material powder or lower to cause the material powder to be a film to collide with a substrate in a solid phase state, and a film is thereby formed on a surface of the substrate. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a metal film without phase transformation and with suppressed oxidation.
When a metal film is formed on a metal substrate by the cold spraying method, and when a material powder of the metal film collides with the substrate, plastic deformation occurs between the powder and the substrate, and an anchor effect that the powder and the substrate enter each other to be bonded to each other is obtained. In addition, oxide films thereof are broken, and metal bonding occurs by newly formed surfaces. As a result, a film having high adhesion strength can be formed. However, when a metal material having a high hardness is used as a substrate, probably because of an insufficient anchor effect due to plastic deformation, a metal film cannot be formed, or even if the metal film is formed, only a laminate having low interfacial strength between the substrate and the metal film is obtained.
Meanwhile, a technique of activating a surface of a substrate by injecting powder onto a substrate at a lower powder speed than a film forming condition, for example, at a lower gas pressure in a step prior to film formation by the cold spraying method has been proposed (for example, refer to Patent Literature 1). In addition, a technique of forming a film by injecting powder material obtained by mixing a film raw material powder having a particle diameter of 5 to 50 μm and a peening powder having a particle diameter of 100 to 1000 μm from one nozzle or injecting the film raw material powder and the peening powder from separate nozzles has been proposed (for example, refer to Patent Literature 2).
Patent Literature 1: JP 2009-215574 A
Patent Literature 2: JP 2006-52449 A
In Patent Literature 1, by using powder material formed of the same material as powder material to form a film and lowering a powder speed than a film forming condition by the cold spraying method, a surface of a substrate is activated. Therefore, a substrate having a high hardness cannot sufficiently obtain an anchor effect due to roughening a surface of the substrate.
Meanwhile, Patent Literature 2 aims at obtaining a dense film by simultaneously injecting a film raw material powder and a peening powder onto a surface of a substrate, and neither describes nor suggests roughening the surface of the substrate by the peening powder or adhesion of the film to the substrate by roughening. In addition, the peening powder remains in the film, and therefore it is difficult to form a film only with the film raw material.
The present invention has been achieved in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a laminate obtained by forming a film having high adhesion on a substrate having a high hardness and a method for manufacturing the laminate.
To solve the above-described problem and achieve the object, a laminate according to the present invention includes: a substrate made of a metal or an alloy having a Vickers hardness of 120 HV or more and having irregularities on a surface of the substrate; and a film made of a metal or an alloy and formed on the surface of the substrate, wherein the film forms metal bonding with the substrate.
Moreover, a method for manufacturing a laminate according to the present invention including a substrate made of a metal or an alloy having a Vickers hardness of 120 HV or more, and a film formed on a surface of the substrate and made of a metal or an alloy includes: a blasting step of blasting the surface of the substrate by accelerating powder of non-metal together with a gas heated to a temperature lower than a melting point of the non-metal and spraying the powder of non-metal onto the surface of the substrate in a solid phase state; and a film forming step of forming the film by accelerating a metal or alloy powder together with a gas heated to a temperature lower than the melting point of the metal or the alloy, spraying the powder in a solid phase state onto the surface of the substrate blasted in the blasting step, and depositing the powder onto the surface of the substrate.
Moreover, in the above-described method for manufacturing a laminate according to the present invention, the non-metal is ceramics, diamond, or glass.
According to the present invention, by spraying powder of non-metal onto a substrate having a high hardness by a cold spraying method and blasting a surface of the substrate, a film is easily anchored to the substrate, and an oxide film is removed from the surface of the substrate. Therefore, metal bonding occurs between the substrate and the film, and it is possible to manufacture a laminate having excellent adhesion between the substrate and the film.
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited by the following embodiment. In addition, in the drawings referred to in the following description, a shape, a size, and a positional relationship are only schematically illustrated such that the contents of the present invention can be understood. That is, the present invention is not limited only to the shape, the size, and the positional relationship illustrated in the drawings.
A material of the substrate 10 is not limited as long as being made of a metal or an alloy having a Vickers hardness of 120 HV or more. Examples of the material include a rolled steel material such as SS400, a carbon steel such as S45C, a chromium steel material such as SCr435, a manganese steel such as SMn443, a manganese chromium steel such as SMnC, a chromium molybdenum steel such as SCM882, a nickel chromium molybdenum steel such as SNC815, a stainless steel such as SUS304, titanium or a titanium alloy, a nickel-based superalloy such as Inconel 600, cast iron, and an aluminum alloy such as extra super duralumin (7000 series). Incidentally, even when the film 11 is formed on the substrate 10 made of a metal or an alloy having a Vickers hardness of less than 120 HV by a cold spraying method, by performing a non-metallic blasting step by the cold spraying method, an oxide film is removed, metal bonding is easily formed, and irregularities are formed on a surface of the substrate 10. Adhesion between the substrate 10 and the film 11 can be improved by an anchor effect caused by enter of the film 11 into the irregularities.
A material of the metal or the alloy constituting the film 11 is not limited. The metal or alloy powder as the material of the film 11 used in the present embodiment has an average particle diameter of 20 μm to 150 μm. When the average particle diameter is 20 μm to 150 μm, the powder has good fluidity and is easily available.
Next, a method for manufacturing the laminate 1 according to the present embodiment will be described. For the laminate 1, the film 11 is formed by performing a blasting step of accelerating powder of non-metal together with a gas heated to a temperature lower than the melting point of the non-metal and spraying the powder of non-metal onto a surface of the substrate 10 in a solid phase state to blast the surface of the substrate 10, then accelerating a metal or alloy powder together with a gas heated to a temperature lower than the melting point of the metal or the alloy, spraying the powder onto the surface of the substrate 10 blasted in the blasting step in a solid phase state, and depositing the powder.
The powder of non-metal used in the blasting step preferably has an average particle diameter (D50) of 15 to 500 μm. When the average particle diameter (D50) of the powder of non-metal is smaller than 15 μm, a blasting effect of the substrate 10 is small. Meanwhile, when the average particle diameter (D50) of the powder of non-metal is larger than 500 μm, a gas nozzle of a cold spraying device described later is likely to be clogged. The average particle diameter (D50) of the powder of non-metal is particularly preferably 100 to 200 μm. In addition, in order to reduce the amount of a non-metal remaining on a surface of the substrate 10 in the blasting step, the powder of non-metal is preferably spherical.
The powder of non-metal used in the present embodiment preferably has a predetermined hardness from a viewpoint of blasting a surface of the substrate 10, forming irregularities, and exposing a newly formed surface. For example, the hardness of the powder of non-metal is preferably 500 Hv or more.
A similar effect can be obtained even by using a metal or alloy powder having a predetermined hardness in place of the powder of non-metal from a viewpoint of forming irregularities on the substrate 10 and exposing a newly formed surface. However, when the metal or alloy powder is used as a blasting material, there is a high possibility that the substrate 10 and the blasting material will cause metal bonding depending on cold spraying conditions. Therefore, the powder of non-metal is used.
The powder of non-metal used in the present embodiment is not limited as long as having the above average particle diameter and hardness, but examples thereof include glass such as soda lime glass or quartz glass, ceramics such as zircon, alumina, zirconia, or aluminum nitride, and diamond.
The blasting step with the powder of non-metal on a surface of the substrate 10 is performed by a cold spraying method. The blasting step will be described with reference to
The cold spraying device 20 includes a gas heater 21 for heating a working gas, a powder supply device 23 for housing material powder of non-metal to be injected onto the substrate 10 and supplying the material powder of non-metal to a spray gun 22, and a gas nozzle 24 for injecting the non-metal powder material mixed with the heated working gas onto the substrate 10 with the spray gun 22.
Examples of the working gas include helium, nitrogen, and air. The supplied working gas is supplied to the gas heater 21 and the powder supply device 23 by valves 25 and 26, respectively. The working gas supplied to the gas heater 21 is heated to a temperature of, for example, 100° C. or higher and equal to or lower than the melting point of the non-metallic material, and then supplied to the spray gun 22.
The working gas supplied to the powder supply device 23 supplies the material powder of non-metal in the powder supply device 23 to the spray gun 22 so as to have a predetermined discharge amount. The heated working gas is formed into a supersonic flow (about 340 m/s or more) by the gas nozzle 24 having a tapering divergent shape. In addition, the gas pressure of the working gas is preferably about 1 MPa to 5 MPa, and more preferably about 2 MPa to 5 MPa. By setting the pressure of the working gas to about 2 MPa to 5 MPa, a surface of the substrate 10 can be blasted to form irregularities. The material powder of non-metal supplied to the spray gun 22 is accelerated by introduction of the working gas into the supersonic flow, and collides with the substrate 10 at a high speed in a solid phase state to blast a surface of the substrate 10. As a method for blasting a metal or the like, a method such as air blasting or shot blasting can be considered. However, in order to surely form irregularities on a surface of the substrate 10 made of a metal or the like having a high hardness in a short time, a blasting treatment is preferably performed by a cold spraying method.
The surface of the substrate 10 is blasted with the powder of non-metal as described above. Thereafter, the film 11 is formed using the cold spraying device 20 having a similar configuration to that used in the blasting step. The film 11 is formed by accelerating a metal or alloy powder as a material together with a gas heated to a temperature lower than the melting point of the metal or the alloy, spraying the powder onto the blasted surface of the substrate 10 in a solid phase state, and depositing the powder.
Examples of the working gas include helium, nitrogen, and air used in the blasting step. The working gas is heated to a temperature of, for example, 100° C. or higher and equal to or lower than the melting point of a metal or an alloy as powder material to form the film 11, and then supplied to the spray gun 22.
The working gas supplied to the powder supply device 23 supplies powder material in the powder supply device 23 to the spray gun 22 so as to have a predetermined discharge amount. The heated working gas is formed into a supersonic flow (about 340 m/s or more) by the gas nozzle 24 having a tapering divergent shape. In addition, the gas pressure of the working gas is preferably about 1 MPa to 5 MPa, and more preferably about 2 MPa to 5 MPa. By setting the pressure of the working gas to about 2 MPa to 5 MPa, adhesion strength between the substrate 10 and the film 11 can be improved. The powder material supplied to the spray gun 22 is accelerated by introduction of the working gas into the supersonic flow, and collides with the substrate 10 at a high speed in a solid phase state to form the film 11. Only by spraying the material powder of the film 11 by the cold spraying device 20, it is impossible to form irregularities on a surface of the substrate 10 having a high hardness and to expose a newly formed surface. However, in the present embodiment, the surface of the substrate 10 is blasted in the blasting step to form irregularities, and a newly formed surface is exposed. Therefore, metal bonding easily occurs, and the laminate 1 having high adhesion can be obtained due to an anchor effect.
Incidentally, in order to promote metal bonding between newly formed surfaces, a film is preferably formed promptly after the blasting step. After the blasting step, by performing a film forming step, for example, within 3 hours, preferably within 1 hour, the laminate 1 having high adhesion can be obtained.
When a film is formed using the two cold spraying devices 20, as illustrated in
In addition, when the film 11 is formed on a side surface of a cylindrical substrate 10′, as illustrated in
In addition, in the above manufacturing method, the blasting step and the film forming step are performed using the two cold spraying devices 20. However, manufacturing is also possible, for example, using a cold spraying device having two powder supply lines.
According to the above-described embodiment, a surface of the substrate 10 made of a metal or an alloy having a high hardness and difficulty in obtaining a film with excellent adhesion is blasted with powder of non-metal to form irregularities, and a newly generated surface can be exposed. Therefore, metal bonding occurs between the film and the substrate, and the film enters the irregularities on the surface of the substrate to cause anchoring. Therefore, a laminate having excellent adhesion can be obtained.
A working gas: nitrogen, working gas temperature: 650° C., working gas pressure: 5 MPa, working distance (WD): 25 mm, traverse speed: 200 mm/s per pass and a zircon powder (ZrSiO4, particle diameter less than 63 μm) were sprayed onto the substrate 10 (SS400, Vickers hardness 120 HV) with the cold spraying device 20 to blast a surface of the substrate 10. A working gas: nitrogen, working gas temperature: 650° C., working gas pressure: 5 MPa, working distance (WD): 25 mm, traverse speed: 200 mm/s and a copper (Cu) powder (D50=40 μm) were sprayed onto the blasted surface of the substrate 10 with the cold spraying device 20 to form the film 11, thus manufacturing the laminate 1. From the manufactured laminate 1, a rectangular parallelepiped test piece of 50 mm×50 mm and a height of 16 (full height) mm (6 mm in the height direction was the height of the film 11) was cut out, and adhesion strength at an interface between the substrate 10 and the film 11 was measured by a shear test device (a shear force was measured by applying a load to the film 11 from an upper side to a lower side with the substrate 10 part of the laminate 1 gripped in a vertical direction). Results are indicated in Table 1. In addition,
A copper powder (D50=40 μm) was sprayed onto the substrate 10 (SS400, Vickers hardness 120 HV) with the cold spraying device 20 in a similar manner to Example 1 except that the blasting step was not performed to form the film 11, thus manufacturing the laminate 1. For the manufactured laminate 1, adhesion strength between the substrate 10 and the film 11 was measured in a similar manner to Example 1. Results are indicated in Table 1. In addition,
A soda lime glass powder (particle diameter 53 to 63 μm) was sprayed onto the substrate 10 (SS400, Vickers hardness 120 HV) with a suction type atmospheric blasting device at a gas pressure of 0.4 MPa, a working distance (WD) of 25 mm, and a traverse speed of 200 mm/s per pass to blast a surface of the substrate 10. A working gas: nitrogen, working gas temperature: 650° C., working gas pressure: 5 MPa, working distance (WD): 25 mm, traverse speed: 200 mm/s and a copper powder (D50=40 μm) were sprayed onto the blasted surface of the substrate 10 with the cold spraying device 20 to form the film 11, thus manufacturing the laminate 1. For the manufactured laminate 1, adhesion strength between the substrate 10 and the film 11 was measured in a similar manner to Example 1. Results are indicated in Table 1.
A copper powder (D50=40 μm) was sprayed onto the milled substrate 10 (SS400, Vickers hardness 120 HV) with the cold spraying device 20 in a similar manner to Example 1 to form the film 11, thus manufacturing the laminate 1. For the manufactured laminate 1, adhesion strength between the substrate 10 and the film 11 was measured in a similar manner to Example 1. Results are indicated in Table 1.
A working gas: nitrogen, working gas temperature: 650° C., working gas pressure: 5 MPa, working distance (WD): 25 mm, traverse speed: 200 mm/s and a mixed powder of a copper powder (D50=40 μm) and a zircon powder (ZrSiO4, particle diameter less than 63 μm) (Comparative Example 4, Cu:ZrSiO4=7:3 (volume), Comparative Example 5, Cu:ZrSiO4=5:5 (volume), Comparative Example 6, Cu:ZrSiO4=2:8 (volume)) were sprayed onto the substrate 10 (SS400, Vickers hardness 120 HV) with the cold spraying device 20 without performing the blasting step, and the film 11 was formed to manufacture the laminate 1. For the manufactured laminate 1, adhesion strength between the substrate 10 and the film 11 was measured in a similar manner to Example 1. Results are indicated in Table 1.
A working gas: nitrogen, working gas temperature: 200° C., working gas pressure: 0.5 MPa, working distance (WD): 25 mm, traverse speed: 200 mm/s per pass a copper powder (D50=40 μm) were sprayed onto the substrate 10 (SS400, Vickers hardness 120 HV) with the cold spraying device 20 to blast a surface of the substrate 10. A working gas: nitrogen, working gas temperature: 650° C., working gas pressure: 5 MPa, working distance (WD): 25 mm, traverse speed: 200 mm/s and a copper powder (D50=40 μm) were sprayed onto the blasted surface of the substrate 10 with the cold spraying device 20 to form the film 11, thus manufacturing the laminate 1. For the manufactured laminate 1, adhesion strength between the substrate 10 and the film 11 was measured in a similar manner to Example 1. Results are indicated in Table 1.
A working gas: nitrogen, working gas temperature: 650° C., working gas pressure: 5 MPa, working distance (WD): 25 mm, traverse speed: 200 mm/s per pass and a zircon powder (ZriSO4, particle diameter less than 63 μm) were sprayed onto the substrate 10 (SUS304, Vickers hardness 150 HV) with the cold spraying device 20 to blast a surface of the substrate 10. A working gas: nitrogen, working gas temperature: 650° C., working gas pressure: 5 MPa, working distance (WD): 25 mm, traverse speed: 200 mm/s and a copper powder (D50=40 μm) were sprayed onto the blasted surface of the substrate 10 with the cold spraying device 20 to form the film 11, thus manufacturing the laminate 1. For the manufactured laminate 1, adhesion strength between the substrate 10 and the film 11 was measured in a similar manner to Example 1. Results are indicated in Table 1.
A copper powder (D50=40 μm) was sprayed onto the substrate 10 (SUS304, Vickers hardness 150 HV) with the cold spraying device 20 in a similar manner to Example 2 except that the blasting material was changed to alumina powder (Al2O3, particle diameter 73.5 to 87.5 μm) to form the film 11, thus manufacturing the laminate 1. For the manufactured laminate 1, adhesion strength between the substrate 10 and the film 11 was measured in a similar manner to Example 1. Results are indicated in Table 1.
A copper powder (D50=40 μm) was sprayed onto the substrate 10 (SUS304, Vickers hardness 150 HV) with the cold spraying device 20 in a similar manner to Example 2 except that the blasting material was changed to a soda lime glass powder (particle diameter 53 to 63 μm) to form the film 11, thus manufacturing the laminate 1. For the manufactured laminate 1, adhesion strength between the substrate 10 and the film 11 was measured in a similar manner to Example 1. Results are indicated in Table 1.
A copper powder (D50=40 μm) was sprayed onto the substrate 10 (SUS304, Vickers hardness 150 HV) with the cold spraying device 20 in a similar manner to Example 2 except that the blasting step was not performed to form the film 11, thus manufacturing the laminate 1. For the manufactured laminate 1, adhesion strength between the substrate 10 and the film 11 was measured in a similar manner to Example 1. Results are indicated in Table 1.
A working gas: nitrogen, working gas temperature: 250° C., working gas pressure: 3 MPa, working distance (WD): 25 mm, traverse speed: 200 mm/s per pass and a soda lime glass powder (particle diameter 53 to 63 μm) were sprayed onto the substrate 10 (SUS304, Vickers hardness 150 HV) with the cold spraying device 20 to blast a surface of the substrate 10. A working gas: nitrogen, working gas temperature: 250° C., working gas pressure: 3 MPa, working distance (WD): 25 mm, traverse speed: 200 mm/s and an aluminum (Al) powder (D50=30 μm) were sprayed onto the blasted surface of the substrate 10 with the cold spraying device 20 to form the film 11, thus manufacturing the laminate 1. For the manufactured laminate 1, adhesion strength between the substrate 10 and the film 11 was measured in a similar manner to Example 1. Results are indicated in Table 1. Incidentally, in measuring adhesion strength of Example 5, the film 11 was not peeled off at an interface with the substrate 10, and the film 11 was broken. In addition,
An aluminum powder (D50=30 μm) was sprayed onto the substrate 10 (SUS304, Vickers hardness 150 HV) with the cold spraying device 20 in a similar manner to Example 5 except that the blasting step was not performed to form the film 11, thus manufacturing the laminate 1. For the manufactured laminate 1, adhesion strength between the substrate 10 and the film 11 was measured in a similar manner to Example 1. Results are indicated in Table 1. In addition,
A working gas: nitrogen, working gas temperature: 200° C., working gas pressure: 0.5 MPa, working distance (WD): 25 mm, traverse speed: 200 mm/s per pass and an aluminum powder (D50=30 μm) were sprayed onto the substrate 10 (SUS304, Vickers hardness 150 HV) with the cold spraying device 20 to blast a surface of the substrate 10. A working gas: nitrogen, working gas temperature: 250° C., working gas pressure: 3 MPa, working distance (WD): 25 mm, traverse speed: 200 mm/s and an aluminum powder (D50=30 μm) were sprayed onto the blasted surface of the substrate 10 with the cold spraying device 20 to form the film 11, thus manufacturing the laminate 1. For the manufactured laminate 1, adhesion strength between the substrate 10 and the film 11 was measured in a similar manner to Example 1. Results are indicated in Table 1.
A working gas: nitrogen, working gas temperature: 650° C., working gas pressure: 5 MPa, working distance (WD): 25 mm, traverse speed: 200 mm/s per pass and a soda lime glass powder (particle diameter 53 to 63 μm) were sprayed onto the substrate 10 (SUS304, Vickers hardness 150 HV) with the cold spraying device 20 to blast a surface of the substrate 10. A working gas: nitrogen, working gas temperature: 650° C., working gas pressure: 5 MPa, working distance (WD): 25 mm, traverse speed: 200 mm/s and a titanium (Ti) powder (D50=25 μm) were sprayed onto the blasted surface of the substrate 10 with the cold spraying device 20 to form the film 11, thus manufacturing the laminate 1. For the manufactured laminate 1, adhesion strength between the substrate 10 and the film 11 was measured in a similar manner to Example 1. Results are indicated in Table 1.
A titanium powder (D50=25 μm) was sprayed onto the substrate 10 (SUS304, hardness 150 HV) with the cold spraying device 20 in a similar manner to Example 6 except that the blasting step was not performed to form the film 11, thus manufacturing the laminate 1. For the manufactured laminate 1, adhesion strength between the substrate 10 and the film 11 was measured with a shear test device similar to that in Example 1. Results are indicated in Table 1.
A working gas: nitrogen, working gas temperature: 650° C., working gas pressure: 5 MPa, working distance (WD): 25 mm, traverse speed: 200 mm/s per pass and a soda lime glass powder (particle diameter 53 to 63 μm) were sprayed onto the substrate 10 (SUS304, Vickers hardness 150 HV) with the cold spraying device 20 to blast a surface of the substrate 10. A working gas: nitrogen, working gas temperature: 650° C., working gas pressure: 5 MPa, working distance (WD): 25 mm, traverse speed: 200 mm/s and a SUS316L powder (45 μm) were sprayed onto the blasted surface of the substrate 10 with the cold spraying device 20 to form the film 11, thus manufacturing the laminate 1. For the manufactured laminate 1, adhesion strength between the substrate 10 and the film 11 was measured in a similar manner to Example 1. Results are indicated in Table 1.
A SUS316L powder (45 μm) was sprayed onto the substrate 10 (SUS304, Vickers hardness 150 HV) with the cold spraying device 20 in a similar manner to Example 7 except that the blasting step was not performed to form the film 11, thus manufacturing the laminate 1. For the manufactured laminate 1, adhesion strength between the substrate 10 and the film 11 was measured in a similar manner to Example 1. Results are indicated in Table 1.
A working gas: nitrogen, working gas temperature: 650° C., working gas pressure: 5 MPa, working distance (WD): 25 mm, traverse speed: 200 mm/s per pass and a soda lime glass powder (particle diameter 53 to 63 μm) were sprayed onto the substrate 10 (titanium, Vickers hardness 120 HV) with the cold spraying device 20 to blast a surface of the substrate 10. A working gas: nitrogen, working gas temperature: 650° C., working gas pressure: 5 MPa, working distance (WD): 25 mm, traverse speed: 200 mm/s and a copper powder (D50=40 μm) were sprayed onto the blasted surface of the substrate 10 with the cold spraying device 20 to form the film 11, thus manufacturing the laminate 1. For the manufactured laminate 1, adhesion strength between the substrate 10 and the film 11 was measured in a similar manner to Example 1. Results are indicated in Table 1.
A copper powder (D50=40 m) was sprayed onto the substrate 10 (titanium, Vickers hardness 120 HV) with the cold spraying device 20 in a similar manner to Example 8 except that the blasting step was not performed to form the film 11, thus manufacturing the laminate 1. For the manufactured laminate 1, adhesion strength between the substrate 10 and the film 11 was measured in a similar manner to Example 1. Results are indicated in Table 1.
A working gas: nitrogen, working gas temperature: 650° C., working gas pressure: 5 MPa, working distance (WD): 25 mm, traverse speed: 200 mm/s per pass and a soda lime glass powder (particle diameter 53 to 63 μm) were sprayed onto the substrate 10 (Inconel 600, Vickers hardness 130 to 300 HV) with the cold spraying device 20 to blast a surface of the substrate 10. A working gas: nitrogen, working gas temperature: 650° C., working gas pressure: 5 MPa, working distance (WD): 25 mm, traverse speed: 200 mm/s and a copper powder (D50=40 μm) were sprayed onto the blasted surface of the substrate 10 with the cold spraying device 20 to form the film 11, thus manufacturing the laminate 1. For the manufactured laminate 1, adhesion strength between the substrate 10 and the film 11 was measured in a similar manner to Example 1. Results are indicated in Table 1.
A copper powder (D50=40 μm) was sprayed onto the substrate 10 (Inconel 600, Vickers hardness 130 to 300 HV) with the cold spraying device 20 in a similar manner to Example 9 except that the blasting step was not performed to form the film 11, thus manufacturing the laminate 1. For the manufactured laminate 1, adhesion strength between the substrate 10 and the film 11 was measured in a similar manner to Example 1. Results are indicated in Table 1.
A working gas: nitrogen, working gas temperature: 650° C., working gas pressure: 5 MPa, working distance (WD): 25 mm, traverse speed: 200 mm/s per pass and a soda lime glass powder (D50=53 to 63 μm) were sprayed onto the substrate 10 (copper: C1020, Vickers hardness 75 HV) with the cold spraying device 20 to blast a surface of the substrate 10. A working gas: nitrogen, working gas temperature: 650° C., working gas pressure: 5 MPa, working distance (WD): 25 mm, traverse speed: 200 mm/s and a copper powder (D50=40 μm) were sprayed onto the blasted surface of the substrate 10 with the cold spraying device 20 to form the film 11, thus manufacturing the laminate 1. For the manufactured laminate 1, adhesion strength between the substrate 10 and the film 11 was measured in a similar manner to Example 1. Results are indicated in Table 1.
A copper powder (D50=40 μm) was sprayed onto the substrate 10 (copper: C1020, Vickers hardness 75 HV) with the cold spraying device 20 in a similar manner to Example 10 except that the blasting step was not performed to form the film 11, thus manufacturing the laminate 1. For the manufactured laminate 1, adhesion strength between the substrate 10 and the film 11 was measured in a similar manner to Example 1. Results are indicated in Table 1.
As indicated in Table 1, in Examples 1 to 9 in which a surface of the substrate 10 was blasted with the cold spraying device 20 using zircon, alumina, or soda lime glass to form the film 11, adhesion strength was improved as compared with Comparative Examples 1, 8, 9, and 11 to 14 in which the film 11 was formed without performing a blasting treatment. In Comparative Examples 1, 8, 9, and 11 to 14 in which the film 11 was formed without performing a blasting treatment, the film 11 was deposited on the substrate 10, but the film 11 was peeled off without applying a load with a shear test device. In addition, as illustrated in
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2015-231123 | Nov 2015 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2016/084504 | 11/21/2016 | WO | 00 |
