Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent in the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, of which:
Before the present invention is described in greater detail, it should be noted that like elements are denoted by the same reference numerals throughout the disclosure.
As shown in
The first preferred embodiment of a lamp driving circuit according to the present invention includes a step-up transformer 1, a detector 2, and a controller 3.
The step-up transformer 1 includes a primary winding 11, and a secondary winding 12 adapted to be coupled electrically to the discharge lamp 4 and adapted to cooperate with the discharge lamp 4 to form a tank circuit that generates a tank current. More particularly, the tank current is generated by resonance among distributed capacitance of the secondary winding 12, stray capacitance around the discharge lamp 4, a suitably added auxiliary capacitance 5, and leakage inductance 121 of the secondary winding 12.
The detector 2 is adapted for detecting current magnitude of current flowing through the discharge lamp 4, and outputs a first detecting signal that corresponds to the current magnitude detected thereby. In this embodiment, the detector 2 is further adapted to detect phase of the tank current and voltage magnitude of voltage of the secondary winding 12, and further outputs a second detecting signal that corresponds to the phase of the tank current, and a third detecting signal that corresponds to the voltage magnitude of the voltage of the secondary winding 12.
The controller 3 is coupled electrically to the primary winding 11 of the step-up transformer 1, and to the detector 2 for receiving the first detecting signal therefrom. The controller 3 generates a drive signal for driving the step-up transformer 1. Referring to
In this embodiment, the controller 3 further receives the second detecting signal from the detector 2, and adjusts the first calculation value according to the second detecting signal. Preferably, the controller 3 adjusts the first calculation value such that a phase difference between the drive signal and the tank current is approximately zero. Preferably, the controller 3 further determines a phase difference between the drive signal and the tank current with reference to a phase-setting value. In addition, the controller 3 outputs an abnormal signal when the charging period of the capacitor 363 exceeds a reasonable range.
Referring once again to
In this embodiment, the switching unit 31 is a full bridge circuit, includes four switches, namely a first switch 311, a second switch 312, a third switch 313, and a fourth switch 314. In addition, the control signal includes a set of control sub-signals that respectively correspond to the first to fourth switches 311˜314. The first switch 311 is coupled electrically between a first end of the primary winding 11 and ground. The second switch 312 is coupled electrically between the first end of the primary winding 11 and the DC power source. The third switch 313 is coupled electrically between a second end of the primary winding 11 and ground. The fourth switch 314 is coupled electrically between the second end of the primary winding 11 and the DC power source.
Example waveforms of the control sub-signals for controlling opening and closing of the first to fourth switches 311˜314, and of the drive signal generated by the switching unit 31 are shown in
High voltage levels of the waveforms 61˜64 respectively represent closing (i.e., a conducting state) of the first to fourth switches 311˜314, while low voltage levels of the waveforms 61˜64 respectively represent opening (i.e., a non-conducting state) of the first to fourth switches 311˜314.
The phase difference between the current flowing through the primary winding 11 and the voltage across the primary winding 11 can be adjusted by adjusting Tdrive. Starting times of the positive and negative pulses of the drive signal are adjusted by adjusting Tstart. Current flowing through the discharge lamp 4 can be adjusted by adjusting Tduty, where Tduty is adjusted by varying duration of the positive/negative pulse of the drive signal from a starting time of the positive/negative pulse. Since the first switch 311 and the third switch 313 are disposed in the conducting state simultaneously for a period of time (i.e., during Toverlap), both the first and second ends of the primary winding 11 are grounded simultaneously, and energy stored by the primary winding 11 can be discharged to facilitate reversal of the direction of the current flowing through the primary winding 11. Toverlap needs to be large enough for the primary winding 11 to be sufficiently discharged. Discharging of the primary winding 11 can also be achieved by closing the second switch 312 and the fourth switch 314 simultaneously such that the two ends of the primary winding 11 are coupled electrically and simultaneously to the DC power source.
Referring back to
The oscillator unit 33 is coupled electrically to the waveform generating unit 37 and is for generating and outputting an oscillating signal to the waveform generating unit 37. Frequency of the oscillating signal is greater than frequency of the drive signal.
The processing unit 34 records the first calculation value and the start-setting value, and is coupled electrically to the waveform generating unit 37 for providing the first calculation value and the start-setting value thereto. In this embodiment, the processing unit 34 further records a voltage-setting value and an overlap-setting value, and further provides the voltage-setting value and the overlap-setting value to the waveform generating unit 37. The processing unit 34 is further coupled electrically to the detector 2 for receiving the second detecting signal therefrom, to the analog-to-digital converting unit 32 for receiving the third detecting value therefrom, and to the oscillator unit 33 for receiving the oscillating signal therefrom.
The first calculation value, the start-setting value and the overlap-setting value are defined by the following relations:
wherein N1 denotes the first calculation value, Nstart denotes the start-setting value, Noverlap denotes the overlap-setting value, Tdrive denotes the period of the drive signal, Tstart denotes lag of positive or negative pulses of the drive signal from a start of a half period of the drive signal, Toverlap denotes the discharge duration to release energy stored by the primary winding 11, and Tosc denotes a period of the oscillating signal. The first calculation value, the start-setting value, the overlap-setting value, and the oscillating signal are used to configure the waveform of the drive signal (for example, as shown in
The first calculation value has a preset value. The processing unit 34 adjusts the first calculation value from the preset value according to the second detecting signal. Since the first calculation value is adjusted in the same manner as the prior art, further details of the same are omitted herein for the sake of brevity.
As with the prior art, a difference between the third detecting value and the voltage-setting value is used to determine whether the processing unit 34 needs to output a warning signal, and further details of the same are also omitted herein for the sake of brevity.
The start-setting value and the overlap-setting value are determined by the user.
The adjustment control unit 36 is coupled electrically to the detector 2 for receiving the first detecting signal therefrom, is further coupled electrically to the waveform generating unit 37 for receiving a start signal therefrom and for outputting a termination signal thereto, and includes the capacitor 363 (as shown in
Two implementations of the adjustment control unit 36 are presented in this text.
As shown in
The differential amplifier 361 is coupled electrically to the detector 3 for receiving the first detecting signal therefrom, and further receives the current-setting signal. Each of the first detecting signal and the current-setting signal is a voltage signal in this embodiment. The differential amplifier 361 determines and amplifies the difference between the first detecting signal and the current-setting signal so as to generate a difference signal.
The current adjuster 362 is coupled electrically to the differential amplifier 361 for receiving the difference signal therefrom, is further coupled electrically to the waveform generating unit 37 for receiving the start signal therefrom, is further coupled electrically to the capacitor 363, and generates a charging current for charging the capacitor 363. The current adjuster 362 starts charging the capacitor 363 according to the start signal. The current adjuster 362 decreases the charging current when the difference signal indicates that the first detecting signal is smaller than the current-setting signal (i.e., Tduty is too small), such that charging rate of the capacitor 363 is decreased. The current adjuster 362 increases the charging current when the difference signal indicates that the first detecting signal is greater than the current-setting signal (i.e., Tduty is too large), such that the charging rate of the capacitor 363 is increased. The current adjuster 362 terminates the charging of the capacitor 363 and starts to discharge the capacitor 363 upon receipt of the termination signal, until a voltage across the capacitor 363 becomes zero.
The comparator 364 is coupled electrically to the capacitor 363 for comparing the voltage across the capacitor 363 with a reference voltage, and is further coupled electrically to the current adjuster 362 and the waveform generating unit 37 for generating and outputting the termination signal thereto when the voltage across the capacitor 363 is greater than the reference voltage.
As shown in
The current generator 365 is coupled electrically to the waveform generating unit 37 for receiving the start signal therefrom, is further coupled electrically to the capacitor 366, and generates a charging current for charging the capacitor 366. The current generator 365 starts charging the capacitor 363 according to the start signal, and terminates the charging of the capacitor 366 and starts to discharge the capacitor 366 upon receipt of the termination signal, until a voltage across the capacitor 366 becomes zero.
The differential integrator 367 is coupled electrically to the detector 2 for receiving the first detecting signal therefrom, and further receives the current-setting signal. Each of the first detecting signal and the current-setting signal is a voltage signal in this embodiment. The differential integrator 367 integrates and amplifies the difference between the first detecting signal and the current-setting signal so as to generate a reference voltage. The differential integrator 367 increases the reference voltage when the first detecting signal is smaller than the current-setting signal (i.e., Tduty is too small), such that the charging period of the capacitor 366 is lengthened. The differential integrator 367 decreases the reference voltage when the first detecting signal is greater than the current-setting signal (i.e., Tduty is too large), such that the charging period of the capacitor 366 is shortened.
The comparator 368 is coupled electrically to the differential integrator 367 for receiving the reference voltage therefrom, is further coupled electrically to the capacitor 366 for comparing the voltage across the capacitor 366 with the reference voltage, and is further coupled electrically to the current generator 365 and the waveform generating unit 37 for generating and outputting the termination signal thereto when the voltage across the capacitor 366 is greater than the reference voltage.
As shown in
It should be noted herein that one end of the capacitor 363, 366 is coupled electrically to a DC voltage (not shown), which can have a value ranging from a ground voltage to the DC voltage as provided by the DC power source.
Referring back to
In particular, the start-setting value and the termination signal are used to determine the duration of the positive pulse or the negative pulse of the drive signal, which is identical to the charging time of the capacitor 363, 366. In addition, the termination signal is generated as an analog signal. Consequently, the smallest variation gradient in Tduty is not limited by the period of the oscillating signal Tosc. In other words, Tduty can vary in a continuous manner, such that the brightness of the light provided by the discharge lamp 4 changes in a continuous manner as well.
The burst unit 35 is coupled electrically to the oscillator unit 33 for receiving the oscillating signal therefrom, to the analog-to-digital converting unit 32 for receiving the first burst value therefrom, and to the processing unit 34 for receiving the warning signal therefrom. The burst unit 35 further receives a second burst signal and a select signal from an external source. The burst unit 35 generates and outputs a burst control signal to the waveform generating unit 37. Since operation of the burst unit 35 is identical to that of the prior art, further details of the same are omitted herein for the sake of brevity.
The waveform generating unit 37 controls output of the control signal to the switching unit 31 according to the burst control signal. The burst control signal is further used to control whether the current adjuster 362 or the current generator 365 of the adjustment control unit 36, 36′ is to operate. When the burst control signal is one such that the waveform generating unit 37 does not output the control signal to the switching unit 31, the current adjuster 362 or the current generator 365 of the adjustment control unit 36, 36′ also stops operating, thereby avoiding ripple interference.
As shown in
The second calculation value is defined by the following relation:
where N2 represents the second calculation value, Tduty denotes the duration of the positive pulse or the negative pulse of the drive signal, and Tosc denotes the period of the oscillating signal.
As shown in
In the second preferred embodiment, the switching unit 31′ is a 3-FET (field effect transistor) circuit, and includes three switches, namely a fifth switch 315, a sixth switch 316, and a seventh switch 317. The fifth switch 315 is coupled electrically between the first end of the primary winding 11 of the step-up transformer 1 and ground. The sixth switch 316 is coupled electrically between the second end of the primary winding 11 and ground. The seventh switch 317 is coupled electrically between a center tap of the primary winding 11 and the DC power source.
Waveforms of control sub-signals for the fifth to seventh switches 315˜317 of the switching unit 31′, of the drive signal provided to the primary winding 11, and of the voltage across the capacitor 363, 366 (shown in
High voltage levels of the waveforms 71˜73 respectively represent closing (i.e., a conducting state) of the fifth to seventh switches 315˜317, while low voltage levels of the waveforms 71˜73 respectively represent opening (i.e., a non-conducting state) of the fifth to seventh switches 315˜317.
In sum, the present invention uses an analog adjustment method for generating the termination signal, such that the smallest variation gradient in Tduty is not limited by the period of the oscillating signal Tosc, thereby alleviating discontinuous change in lighting of the discharge lamp 4. In addition, the present invention utilizes the charging period of the capacitor 363, 366 and the first detecting signal, which corresponds to the current magnitude of the current flowing through the discharge lamp 4, and which is not converted into a corresponding digital value, to adjust Tduty in real time, thereby avoiding circuit malfunction, and stabilizing the brightness of the light provided by the discharge lamp 4.
While the present invention has been described in connection with what are considered the most practical and preferred embodiments, it is understood that this invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments but is intended to cover various arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and equivalent arrangements.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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095128662 | Aug 2006 | TW | national |