The present disclosure relates to nanotechnology, and particularly to a method of synthesizing medium-entropy and high-entropy nanoparticles (NPs) using laser scanning ablation.
Medium-entropy and high-entropy NPs including alloy NPs and ceramics NPs have attracted considerable attention due to its unique configuration and promising properties such as high strength, unique electrical and magnetic properties, and promising resistances to wear, oxidation and corrosion. The controllable synthesis of medium-entropy and high-entropy NPs has tremendous application merits in many fields such as thermoelectricity, dielectric, catalysis, and energy storage, yet remains a challenge due to the lack of robust strategies. Synthesis of these NPs has been achieved by a few methods such as carbothermal shock and moving bed pyrolysis. However, these techniques only produce HEA NP, but not HEC NP. They require inert atmosphere and high temperature which are only applied to thermally-resistant substrates rather than thermally-sensitive substrates. Thus, a method of synthesizing medium-entropy and high-entropy NPs with broad substrate applicability under mild conditions is desired.
A laser scanning ablation (LSA) method of synthesizing medium-entropy and high-entropy NPs includes loading metal salt precursors with equal molar ratio onto a support and irradiating the support by highly intense laser pulses in liquid at ambient atmosphere.
The LSA method allows the synthesis of impurity-free medium-entropy and high-entropy NPs with thermodynamically forbidden composition and uniform elemental distributions. The size of particles within a range from several nanometers to micrometers can be kinetically controlled by the ablation parameters as well as liquid temperature. The method allows medium-entropy and high-entropy NPs loaded onto various substrates such as carbon materials, glass and metals. The LSA method of synthesizing medium-entropy and high-entropy NPs has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, mild reaction condition, high efficiency and environmental protection.
Exemplary embodiments relate to a method of synthesizing medium-entropy and high-entropy nanoparticles. Preferred embodiments are described in detail below.
The present patent discloses a laser ablation method of synthesizing medium-entropy and high-entropy NPs, which includes the following steps:
(1) Chloroauric acid, ferric chloride, cobalt chloride, copper chloride and chromium chloride were dissolved in ethanol with 0.01 M for each metallic element. The mixed solution was directly dropped onto the carbon nanofiber prepared by electrostatic spinning with a loading of ˜1 ml/cm2. Then the loaded substrates were transferred to a vacuum oven for drying.
(2) The carbon nanofiber in step (1) was transferred to a beaker containing hexane (the liquid level was about 1 cm from the bottom of the beaker), and a nanosecond pulse laser with a pulse width of 5 ns was used to scan the surface of the carbon nanofiber. The average laser power density was 2×105 W/cm2 and the frequency was 20 kHz.
As shown in the micrographs of
Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that it includes the following steps:
(1) Chloroplatinic acid, chloroauric acid, palladium chloride, nickel chloride, ferric chloride, cobalt chloride, copper chloride, chromium chloride, and tin chloride were dissolved in ethanol with 0.01 M for each metallic element. The mixed solution was directly dropped onto the carbon nanofiber prepared by electrostatic spinning with a loading of ˜1 ml/cm2. Then the loaded substrates were transferred to a vacuum oven for drying.
(2) The carbon nanofiber in step (1) was transferred to a beaker containing hexane (the liquid level was about 1 cm from the bottom of the beaker), and a nanosecond pulse laser with a pulse width of 5 ns was used to scan the surface of the carbon nanofiber. The average laser power density was 2×105 W/cm2 and the frequency was 20 kHz.
As shown in the micrographs of
As shown in the XRD pattern of
Example 3 differs from Example 1 and 2 in that it includes the following steps:
(1) Chloroplatinic acid, chloroauric acid, palladium chloride, ferric chloride, and cobalt chloride were dissolved in ethanol with 0.01 M for each metallic element. The mixed solution was directly dropped onto a carbonized block (length×width×height=3 cm×3 cm×0.4 cm) with a loading of ˜1 ml/cm2. Then the loaded block was transferred to a vacuum oven for drying.
(2) The block in step (1) was transferred to a beaker containing hexane (the liquid level was about 1 cm from the bottom of the beaker), and a nanosecond pulse laser with a pulse width of 5 ns was used to scan the surface of the block. The average laser power density was 2×105 W/cm2 and the frequency was 30 kHz.
As shown in the micrographs of
Example 4 differs from Example 1, 2 and 3 in that it includes the following steps:
(1) Chloroplatinic acid, iridium chloride, copper chloride, nickel chloride, and chromium chloride were dissolved in ethanol with 0.01 M for each metallic element. The mixed solution was directly dropped onto graphene with a loading of ˜0.1 ml/mg. Then the loaded graphene was transferred to a vacuum oven for drying.
(2) The precursors-loaded graphene was transferred in a baker containing hexane. Then the solution was irradiated under agitation with the laser for 30 min. The average laser power density was 2×105 W/cm2 and the frequency was 30 kHz.
As shown in the micrographs of
As shown in the electrocatalytic water splitting diagram of
Example 5 differs from Example 1, 2, 3 and 4 in that it includes the following steps:
(1) Chloroplatinic acid, chloroauric acid, nickel chloride, ferric chloride, and cobalt chloride were dissolved in ethanol with 0.01 M for each metallic element. The mixed solution was directly dropped onto a copper foam with a loading of ˜1 ml/cm2. Then the loaded substrates were transferred to a vacuum oven for drying.
(2) The copper foam in step (1) was transferred to a beaker containing hexane (the liquid level was about 1 cm from the bottom of the beaker), and a nanosecond pulse laser with a pulse width of 5 ns was used to scan the surface of the copper foam. The average laser power density was 2×105 W/cm2 and the frequency was 20 kHz.
As shown in the micrographs of
Example 6 differs from Example 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 in that it includes the following steps:
(1) Chloroauric acid, palladium chloride, zinc chloride, copper chloride, and tin chloride were dissolved in ethanol with 0.01 M for each metallic element. The mixed solution was directly dropped onto a glass slide with a loading of ˜1 ml/cm2. Then the loaded substrates were transferred to a vacuum oven for drying.
(2) The glass slide in step (1) was transferred to a beaker containing hexane (the liquid level was about 1 cm from the bottom of the beaker), and a nanosecond pulse laser with a pulse width of 5 ns was used to scan the surface of the glass slide. The average laser power density was 2×105 W/cm2 and the frequency was 10 kHz.
As shown in the micrographs of
Example 7 differs from Example 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 in that it includes the following steps:
(1) Copper chloride, chromium chloride, ferric chloride, cobalt chloride, and nickel chloride were dissolved in ethanol with 0.01 M for each metallic element. The mixed solution was directly dropped onto a carbon nanofiber with a loading of ˜1 ml/cm2. Then the carbon disulfide solution dissolved in 0.05M sulfur powder was dripped on the carbon nanofiber at a dose of 1 ml/cm2. The loaded substrates were transferred to a vacuum oven for drying.
(2) The carbon nanofiber in step (1) was transferred to a beaker containing hexane (the liquid level was about 1 cm from the bottom of the beaker), and a nanosecond pulse laser with a pulse width of 5 ns was used to scan the surface of the carbon nanofiber. The average laser power density was 2×105 W/cm2 and the frequency was 10 kHz.
As shown in the micrographs of
Example 8 differs from Example 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 in that it includes the following steps:
(1) Copper chloride, chromium chloride, ferric chloride, cobalt chloride, and nickel chloride were dissolved in ethanol with 0.01 M for each metallic element. The mixed solution was directly dropped onto a carbon nanofiber with a loading of ˜1 ml/cm2. Then the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution of 0.05M was dripped on the carbon fiber at a dose of 1 ml/cm2. The loaded substrates were transferred to a vacuum oven for drying.
(2) The carbon nanofiber in step (1) was transferred to a beaker containing hexane (the liquid level was about 1 cm from the bottom of the beaker), and a nanosecond pulse laser with a pulse width of 5 ns was used to scan the surface of the carbon nanofiber. The average laser power density was 2×105 W/cm2 and the frequency was 10 kHz.
As shown in the micrographs of
Example 9 differs from Example 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 in that it includes the following steps:
(1) Chloroplatinic acid, chloroauric acid, copper chloride were dissolved in ethanol with 0.01 M for each metallic element. The mixed solution was directly dropped onto a carbon nanofiber with a loading of ˜1 ml/cm2. The loaded substrates were transferred to a vacuum oven for drying.
(2) The carbon nanofiber in step (1) was transferred to a beaker containing hexane (the liquid level was about 1 cm from the bottom of the beaker), and a nanosecond pulse laser with a pulse width of 5 ns was used to scan the surface of the carbon nanofiber. The average laser power density was 2×105 W/cm2 and the frequency was 10 kHz.
As shown in the micrographs of
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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202011094113.4 | Oct 2020 | CN | national |