Laundry detergent compositions containing lipase and soil release polymer

Abstract

A particulate laundry detergent composition is provided having significantly improved oily soil removal activity. The composition comprises (a) from about 1 to 50%, by weight, of one or more detergent compounds selected from the group consisting of anionic and nonionic detergent compounds, and particularly alkyl polyglucoside and poly hydroxy fatty acid amide detergents; (b) a lipase enzyme in an amount effective for oily soil removal from stained fabric; and (c) a soil release polymer in an amount effective for oily soil removal from stained fabric. The laundry detergent compositions is characterized by its ability to remove a variety of oily soils from fabric to an extent greater than the additive soil removing effects measured with comparative compositions containing components (a) and (b), and components (a) and (c), respectively.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to particulate detergent compositions having enhanced oily soil removal activity. More particularly, this invention relates to particulate laundry detergent compositions containing, among other components, a soil release polymer in combination with lipase enzyme to provide a composition which is particularly effective for removing oily soils from fabric.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The use of lipase in laundry detergent formulations to remove oily soils is well known in the art. U.S. Pat. No. 5,223,169 to El-Sayed et al describes the use of hydrolase enzymes including lipases for laundry applications. U.S. Pat. No. 5,069,810 to Holmes et al is directed to detergent compositions comprising microbial lipase and dodecylbenzene sulfonate.

Soil release polymers, and in particular, those commonly referred to as PET-POET copolymers (polyethylene terephthalate-polyoxyethylene terephthalate) have been widely suggested as components of detergent compositions. U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,569,772 and 4,571,303 to Ciallella describe nonionic detergent compositions containing stabilized PET-POET copolymers as soil release agents. Enzymes such as proteolytic and amylolytic enzymes are listed among the optional adjuvants.

U.S. Pat. No. 5,026,400 to Holland et al describes compositions containing narrow range ethoxylate nonionic detergents in combination with PET-POET copolymers and builders.

While detergent compositions containing soil release polymers have proven to be commercially successful as laundry compositions, the effective removal of oily stains from a variety of fabrics remains as a persistent problem area which commercial liquid and granular laundry formulations seek to address.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In accordance with the present invention, a particulate laundry detergent composition is provided having significantly improved oily soil removal activity. The composition comprises (a) from about 1 to 50%, by weight, of one or more detergent compounds selected from the group consisting of anionic and nonionic detergent compounds, and mixtures thereof; (b) a lipase enzyme in an amount effective for oily soil removal from stained fabric; and (c) a soil release polymer in an amount effective for oily soil removal from stained fabric; said laundry detergent composition being capable of removing a variety of oily soils from fabric to an extent greater than the additive soil removing effects measured with comparative compositions containing components (a) and (b), and components (a) and (c), respectively, each of said comparative compositions being devoid of any combination of said lipase enzyme and said soil release polymer.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention the soil release polymer is a copolymer of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyoxyethylene terephthalate (POET) having a molecular weight of from about 5,000 to 50,000.

In accordance with the process of the invention laundering of fabrics soiled or stained with oily soils is effected by washing the fabrics to be laundered in an aqueous wash solution containing an effective amount of the above-defined particulate laundry detergent composition.

The present invention is predicated on the discovery that the combination of lipase enzyme and soil release polymer, particularly the PET-POET type copolymers, in a laundry detergent composition provides a synergistic interaction for removing oily soils from fabrics. The cleaning effects provided by compositions according to the invention exceed the additive cleaning effects provided by comparative detergent compositions similar to the compositions of the invention except they contain either lipase or soil release polymers, as the case may be, as individual components and not in combination.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The soil release polymers useful in the present invention are preferably copolymers of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyoxyethylene terephthalate (POET). They usually will be of molecular weights in the range of about 5,000 to 50,000 preferably in the range of about 9,000 to 20,000 and most preferably about 15,000, according to molecular weight determinations performed on samples thereof that are usually employed herein. Such molecular weights are weight average molecular weights, as distinguished from number average molecular weights, which, in the case of the present polymers, are often lower. In the polymers utilized the polyoxyethylene will usually be of a molecular weight in the range of about 1,000 to 10,000, preferably about 2,500 to 5,000, more preferably 3,000 to 4,000, e.g., 3,400. In such polymers the molar ratio of polyethylene terephthalate to polyoxyethylene terephthalate units (considering ##STR1## as such units) will be within the range of 2:1 to 6:1, preferably 5:2 to 5:1, more preferably 3:1 to 4:1, e.g., about 3:1. The proportion of ethylene oxide to phthalic moiety in the polymer will normally be at least 10:1 and often will be 20:1 or more, preferably being within the range of 20:1 to 30:1, and more preferably being about 22:1. Thus, it is seen that the polymer may be considered as being essentially a modified ethylene oxide polymer with the phthalic moiety being only a minor component thereof, whether calculated on a molar or weight basis.

Although the described PET-POET copolymer is that which is employed normally by applicants in accordance with the present invention, and that which is highly preferred for its desired functions, other PET-POET polymers, such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,962,152 and British Patent Specification 1,088,984 may also be employed and can be effective soil release promoting agents in the compositions and methods of this invention.

The percentage of PET-POET copolymer in the detergent compositions of the invention may vary from about 0.5 to 10%, preferably from about 1 to 5%, by weight.

The lipase enzyme to be used according to the invention is of fungal or bacterial origin and suitable for use in detergent formulations to enhance the removal of fat or oil-containing stains typically resulting from frying fats and oils, salad dressing, human sebum and cosmetics such as lipstick. The preferred lipase enzymes have an activity optimum between pH values of 9 to 11. A particularly preferred lipolytic enzyme for use herein is "Lipolase 100 T".RTM. marketed by Novo Industri A/S, DK-2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark. The activity of this fungal-derived enzyme is about 100,000 units of lipase per gram of enzyme. The weight percent of lipase in the detergent compositions of the invention is generally from about 0.05 to 2%, preferably from about 0.1 to 1%, and most preferably in the range of 0.1 to 0.7%.

Any suitable nonionic detergent compound may be used as a surfactant in the present compositions, with many members thereof being described in the various annual issues of Detergents and Emulsifiers, by John W. McCutcheon. Such volumes give chemical formulas and trade names for commercial nonionic detergents marketed in the United States, and substantially all of such detergents can be employed in the present compositions. However, it is highly preferred that such nonionic detergent be a condensation product of ethylene oxide and higher fatty alcohol (although instead of the higher fatty alcohol, higher fatty acids and alkyl �octyl, nonyl and isooctyl! phenols may also be employed). The higher fatty moieties, such as the alkyls, of such alcohols and resulting condensation products, will normally be linear, of 10 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably of 10 to 16 carbon atoms, more preferably of 12 to 15 carbon atoms and sometimes most preferably of 12 to 14 carbon atoms. Because such fatty alcohols are normally available commercially only as mixtures, the numbers of carbon atoms given are necessarily averages but in some instances the ranges of numbers of carbon atoms may be actual limits for the alcohols employed and for the corresponding alkyls.

The ethylene oxide (EtO) contents of the nonionic detergents will normally be in the range of 3 to 15 moles of EtO per mole of higher fatty alcohol, although as much as 20 moles of EtO may be present. Preferably such EtO content will be 3 to 10 moles and more preferably it will be 6 to 7 moles, e.g., 6.5 or 7 moles per mole of higher fatty alcohol (and per mole of nonionic detergent). As with the higher fatty alcohol, the polyethoxylate limits given are also limits on the averages of the numbers of EtO groups present in the condensation product. Examples of suitable nonionic detergents include those sold by Shell Chemical Company under the trademark Neodol.RTM., including Neodol 25-7, Neodol 23-6.5 and Neodol 25-3.

Other useful nonionic detergent compounds include the alkylpolyglycoside and alkylpolysaccharide surfactants, which are well known and extensively described in the art.

The preferred alkyl polysaccharides for use herein are alkyl polyglucosides having the formula

RO(C.sub.n H.sub.2n O).sub.r (Z).sub.x wherein Z is derived from glucose, R is a hydrophobic group selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkylphenyl, hydroxyalkylphenyl, and mixtures thereof in which said alkyl groups contain from about 10 to 18, preferably from about 12 to about 14 carbon atoms; n is 2 or 3 preferably, 2; r is from 0 to 10, preferably 0; and x is from 1.5 to 8, preferably from 1.5 to 4, most preferably from 1.6 to 2.7. To prepare these compounds, a long chain alcohol (R.sub.2 OH where R.sub.2 is an alkyl group of about C.sub.10 to C.sub.18) can be reacted with glucose, in the presence of an acid catalyst to form the desired glucoside. Alternatively, the alkyl polyglucosides can be prepared by a two step procedure in which a short chain alcohol (R.sub.1 OH wherein R.sub.1 is an alkyl having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms) is reacted with glucose or a polyglucoside (x=2 to 4) to yield a short chain alkyl glucoside (x=1 to 4) which can in turn be reacted with a longer chain alcohol (R.sub.2 OH) to displace the short chain alcohol and obtain the desired alkyl polyglucoside. If this two step procedure is used, the short chain alkylglucoside content of the final alkyl polyglucoside material should be less than 50%, preferably less than 10%, more preferably less than about 5%, most preferably 0% of the alkyl polyglucoside.

The amount of unreacted alcohol (the free fatty alcohol content) in the desired alkyl polysaccharide surfactant is preferably less than about 2%, more preferably less than about 0.5% by weight of the total of the alkyl polysaccharide. For some uses it is desirable to have the alkyl monosaccharide content less than about 10%.

The term "alkyl polysaccharide surfactant" is intended to represent both the preferred glucose and galactose derived surfactants and the less preferred alkyl polysaccharide surfactants. Throughout this specification, "alkyl polyglucoside" is used to include alkyl polyglycosides because the stereochemistry of the saccharide moiety is changed during the preparation reaction.

An especially preferred APG glycoside surfactant is Glucopon 625 CSUP glycoside manufactured by the Henkel Corporation of Ambler, Pa. Glucopon 625 CSUP is a nonionic alkyl polyglycoside characterized by the formula:

C.sub.n H.sub.(2n+1) O(C.sub.6 H.sub.10 O.sub.5).sub.x H wherein the alkyl chain length distribution is as follows: for n=10 (2%); n=12 (65%); n=14 (21-28%); n=16 (4-8%) and n=18 (0.5%) and x (degree of polymerization)=1.6. Glucopon 625 CSUP has a pH of 11 to 11.5 (10% of Glucopon 625 in distilled water); a specific gravity at 25.degree. C. of 9.1 lbs./gallon; a calculated HLB of 12.1 and a Brookfield viscosity at 35.degree. C., 21 spindle, 5-10 RPM of 3,000 to 7,000 cps.

Other useful surfactants for the present invention are amide surfactants of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 is H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 hydrocarbyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, or a mixture thereof, R.sub.1 is preferably methyl; R is C.sub.7 -C.sub.21 hydrocarbyl, preferably a straight chain alkyl of C.sub.9 -C.sub.19, most preferably a straight alkyl of C.sub.10 -C.sub.16 ; and Z is a polyhydroxy hydrocarbyl unit having a linear chain with at least two hydroxyls directly connected to the chain. Preferred polyhydroxy hydrocarbyl groups are derived from a reducing sugar in a reductive amination reaction. Z is most preferably a glycityl group. Suitable reducing sugars include glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose, and xylose, as well as glyceraldehyde or mixtures thereof. An especially preferred glycityl group is where Z is --CH.sub.2 --(CHOH).sub.4 --CH.sub.2 OH.

Alternatively, the amide surfactants may comprise amides of the formula ##STR3## wherein R is a C.sub.7 -C.sub.21 hydrocarbyl group, R.sub.1 is a C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 hydrocarbyl group, R.sub.2 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 hydrocarbyl or oxy-hydrocarbyl group, and Z is a Polyhydroxy hydrocarbyl unit having a linear chain with at least two hydroxyls directly connected to the chain. Preferred polyhydroxy hydrocarbyl groups are derived from a reducing sugar in a reductive amination reaction. Z is most preferably a glycityl group; the glycityl group --CH.sub.2 --(CHOH).sub.4 --CH.sub.2 OH being especially preferred.

Among the anionic surface active agents useful in the present invention are those surface active compounds which contain an organic hydrophobic group containing from about 8 to 26 carbon atoms and preferably from about 10 to 18 carbon atoms in their molecular structure and at least one water-solubilizing group selected from the group of sulfonate, sulfate, carboxylate, phosphorate and phosphate so as to form a water-soluble detergent.

Examples of suitable anionic detergents include soaps, such as, the water-soluble salts (e.g., the sodium potassium, ammonium and alkanol-ammonium salts) of higher fatty acids or resin salts containing from about 8 to 20 carbon atoms and preferably 10 to 18 carbon atoms. Particularly useful are the sodium and potassium salts of the fatty acid mixtures derived from coconut oil and tallow, for example, sodium coconut soap and potassium tallow soap.

The anionic class of detergents also includes the water-soluble sulfated and sulfonated detergents having an aliphatic, preferably an alkyl radical containing from about 8 to 26, and preferably from about 12 to 22 carbon atoms. Examples of the sulfonated anionic detergents are the higher alkyl aromatic sulfonates such as the higher alkyl benzene sulfonates containing from about 10 to 16 carbon atoms in the higher alkyl group in a straight or branched chain, such as, for example, the sodium, potassium and ammonium salts of higher alkyl benzene sulfonates, higher alkyl toluene sulfonates and higher alkyl phenol sulfonates.

Other suitable anionic detergents are the olefin sulfonates including long chain alkene sulfonates, long chain hydroxyalkane sulfonates or mixtures of alkene sulfonates and hydroxyalkane sulfonates. The olefin sulfonate detergents may be prepared in a conventional manner by the reaction of SO.sub.03 with long chain olefins containing from about 8 to 25, and preferably from about 12 to 21 carbon atoms, such olefins having the formula RCH.dbd.CHR.sub.1 wherein R is a higher alkyl group of from about 6 to 23 carbons and R.sub.1 is an alkyl group containing from about 1 to 17 carbon atoms, or hydrogen to form a mixture of sultones and alkene sulfonic acids which is then treated to convert the sultones to sulfonates. Other examples of sulfate or sulfonate detergents are paraffin sulfonates containing from about 10 to 20 carbon atoms, and preferably from about 15 to 20 carbon atoms. The primary paraffin sulfonates are made by reacting long chain alpha olefins and bisulfites.

Other suitable anionic detergents are sulfated ethoxylated higher fatty alcohols of the formula RO(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.m SO.sub.3 M, wherein R is a fatty alkyl of from 10 to 18 carbon atoms, m is from 2 to 6 (preferably having a value from about 1/5 to 1/2 the number of carbon atoms in R) and M is a solubilizing salt-forming cation, such as an alkali metal, ammonium, lower alkylamino or lower alkanolamino, or a higher alkyl benzene sulfonate wherein the higher alkyl is of 10 to 15 carbon atoms. The proportion of ethylene oxide in the polyethoxylated higher alkanol sulfate is preferably 2 to 5 moles of ethylene oxide groups per mole of anionic detergent, with three moles being most preferred, especially when the higher alkanol is of 11 to 15 carbon atoms. A preferred polyethoxylated alcohol sulfate detergent is marketed by Shell Chemical Company as Neodol 25-3S.

The most highly preferred water-soluble anionic detergent compounds are the ammonium and substituted ammonium (such as mono, di and tri ethanolamine), alkali metal (such as, sodium and potassium) and alkaline earth metal (such as, calcium and magnesium) salts of the higher alkyl benzene sulfonates, olefine sulfonates and higher alkyl sulfates. Among the above-listed anionics, the most preferred are the sodium linear alkyl benzene sulfonates (LABS), and especially those wherein the alkyl group is a straight chain alkyl radical of 12 or 13 carbon atoms.

Amphoteric or ampholytic detergents may be used, if desired, to supplement the anionic and/or nonionic detergent in the composition of the invention. Ampholytic detergents are well known in the art and many operable detergents of this class are disclsoed by A. M. Schwartz, J. W. Perry and J. Berch in "Surface Active Agents and Detergents," Interscience Publishers, N.Y., 1958, Vol. 2.

A preferred amphoteric surfactant is of the formula ##STR4## wherein R is an aliphatic hydrocarbonyl, perferably fatty alkyl or fatty alkylene, of 16 to 18 carbon atoms, M is alkali metal, and y is 3 to 4. More preferably R is tallowalkyl (which is a mixture of stearyl, palmityl and oleyl in the proportions in which they occur in tallow), M is sodium and y is about 3.5, representing a mixture of about equal parts of the amphoteric surfactant wherein y is 3 and such amphoteric surfactant wherein y is 4. Among the more preferred amphoteric surfactants of this type is that available commercially under the trade name AmpholakTM.TM. 7TX, which is obtainable from Kenobel AB, a unit of Nobel Industries, Sweden.

Builder materials may advantageously be included in the present compositions and may comprise any suitable water soluble or water insoluble builder, either inorganic or ogranic, providing that it is useful as a builder for the particular nonionic or anionic detergent compounds that may be employed. Such builders are well known to those of skill in the detergent art and include: alkali metal phosphates, such as alkali metal polyphosphates and pyrophosphates, including alkali metal tripolyphosphates; alkali metal silicates, including those of Na.sub.2 O:SiO.sub.2 ratio in the range of 1:1.6 to 1:3.0, preferably 1:2.0 to 1:2.8, and more preferably 1:2.35 or 1:2.4; alkali metal carbonates; alkali metal bicarbonates; alkali metal sesquicarbonates (which may be considered to be a mixture of alkali metal carbonates and alkali metal bicarbonates); alkali metal borates, e.g., borox; alkali metal citrates; alkali metal gluconates; alkali metal nitrilotriacetates; zeolites, preferably hydrated zeolites, such as hydrated Zeolite A, Zeolite X and Zeolite Y; and mixtures of individual builders within one or more of such types of builders. Preferably the builders will be sodium salts and will also be inorganic. A highly preferred non-phosphate mixed water soluble and water insoluble builder composition comprises carbonate, bicarbonate and zeolite builders. Phosphate-containing builder systems will usually be based on alkali metal (sodium) tripolyphosphate and silicate builders, with such silicate being in relatively minor proportion.

Zeolite A-type aluminosilicate builder, usually hydrated, with about 15 to 25% of water of hydration is particularly advantageous for the present invention. Hydrated zeolites X and Y may be useful too, as may be naturally occurring zeolites that can act as detergent builders. Of the various zeolite A products, zeolite 4A, a type of zeolite molecule wherein the pore size is about 4 Angstroms, is often preferred. This type of zeolite is well known in the art and methods for its manufacture are described in the art such as in U.S. Pat. No. 3,114,603.

The zeolite builders are generally of the formula

(Na.sub.2 O).sub.x.(A1.sub.2 O.sub.3).sub.y.(SiO.sub.2).sub.z.wH.sub.2 O wherein x is 1, y is from 0.8 to 1.2, preferably about 1, z is from 1.5 to 3.5, preferably 2 or 3 or about 2, and w is from 0 to 9, preferably 2.5 to 6. The crystalline types of zeolite which may be employed herein include those described in "Zeolite Molecular Series" by Donald Breck, published in 1974 by John Wiley & Sons, typical commercially available zeolites being listed in Table 9.6 at pages 747-749 of the text, such Table being incorporated herein by reference.

The zeolite builder should be a univalent cation exchanging zeolite, i.e., it should be aluminosilicate of a univalent cation such as sodium, potassium, lithium (when practicable) or other alkali metal, or ammonium. A zeolite having an alkali metal cation, especially sodium, is most preferred, as is indicated in the formula shown above. The zeolites employed may be characterized as having a high exchange capacity for calcium ion, which is normally from about 200 to 400 or more milligram equivalents of calcium carbonate hardness per gram of the aluminosilicate, preferably 250 to 350 mg. eg./g., on an anhydrous zeolite basis.

Other components may be present in the detergent compositions to improve the properties and in some cases, to act as diluents or fillers. Among the suitable fillers, the most preferred is sodium sulfate. Illustrative of suitable adjuvants are enzymes supplementary to the lipase which is an integral component of the present compositions to further promote cleaning of certain hard to remove stains from laundry or hard surfaces. Among enzymes, the proteolytic and amylolytic enzymes are most useful to supplement the lipase. Other useful adjuvants are foaming agents, such as lauric myristic diethanolamide, when foam is desired, and anti-foams, when desired, such as dimethyl silicone fluids. Also useful are bleaches, such as sodium perborate, which may be accompanied by suitable activator(s) to promote bleaching actions in warm or cold water. Flow promoting agents, such as hydrated synthetic calcium silicate, which is sold under the trademark Microcel.RTM. C, may be employed in relatively small proportions. Other adjuvants usually present in detergent compositions include fluorescent brighteners, such as stilbene brighteners, colorants such as dyes and pigments and perfume.

EXAMPLE 1

The efficacy of the composition of the invention in removing oily soils and stains from fabrics was tested in a cleaning test known as a multi-stain test in which a variety of stains such as liquid make-up, sebum/particulate soil, steak sauce, French dressing, red Crisco shortening, among others was deposited on a variety of fabrics including doubleknit Dacron.RTM., cotton percale, and cotton/polyester blend, fabrics likely to be present in a family wash. To evaluate the synergistic effects achieved with the compositions of the invention, comparative cleaning tests were conducted using three detergent compositions identical to the particular composition of the invention except such comparative compositions did not contain either soil release polymer, or lipase enzyme or both, as the case may be.

The tests were carried out in a top loading automatic washing machine of 28 liter capacity with wash water at 77.degree. F. having a hardness of about 150 ppm as calcium carbonate (mixed calcium and magnesium hardness) using a 10 minute wash cycle after which the laundry is rinsed, spin dried and subsequently dried in an automatic laundry dryer with a 30 minute drying cycle. Next, the light reflectances of the swatches are read and averaged. Subsequently, the swatches are stained, as by dirty motor oil (usually three drops per swatch) and allowed to age overnight. The next day the reflectances of the stained swatches are measured and the swatches are then washed and dried in the manner previously described, followed by measurements of the reflectances of the freshly washed swatches.

If the reflectance of the unstained swatch is Rd.sub.1 and that of the stained swatch before washing is Rd.sub.2, with the final reflectance being Rd.sub.3, the percentage of soil removal is �(Rd.sub.3 -Rd.sub.2)/(Rd.sub.1 -Rd.sub.2)!.times.100. Of course, averages are taken for a plurality of swatches employed so that the average percentage of soil removal for a particular stain on a particular material, or for a variety of stains on a variety of materials, may be found.

A multi-stain test as described above was conducted using as the comparative base detergent, a commercial laundry powder composition designated herein as Control A and defined below.

The evaluation of oily soily removal from stained fabrics was measured in the Examples herein by one of two alternative calculations: (1) the percentage of soil removal as defined above; and (2) .DELTA.Rd values or changes in reflectance when comparing a soiled fabric cleaned with a test composition versus the ARd value obtained when using a control composition.

______________________________________CONTROL ACOMPONENT WEIGHT PERCENT______________________________________Water 10.8Sodium Silicate 2.8Sodium Tripolyphosphate 35.0Non-Ionic Surfactant.sup.(1) 10Sodium Carbonate 15Sodium Sulfate 13.7Sodium Aluminum Silicate 12Brightener 0.2Perfume 0.2______________________________________ .sup.(1) Condensation product of C.sub.12 --C.sub.15 linear alcohol and a average of 7 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol (Neodol 25-7 marketed by Shell Chemical Company).

The soil release polymers used in the tests described herein are composed, in part, of a polymer referred to as QCF which is a PET-POET copolymer with a molecular weight in the range of about 15,000 to 50,000, but more usually in the preferred range of about 19,000 to 43,000. The mole ratio of polyethylene terephthalate to polyoxyethylene terephthalate units is about 3:1. Two commercial soil release polymers which were used in the tests are designated herein as SRP-1 and SRP-3. SRP-1 is a solid mixture of 80% QCF and 20% sodium polyacrylate; SRP-3 is a mixture of 50% QCF and 50% sodium sulfate--both are marketed by Rhone-Poulenc.

The results of a first and third wash multi-stain test expressed as .DELTA.Rd values or the change in reflectance versus Control A is shown below in Table 1. A .DELTA.Rd value of 1 unit or greater is considered a statistically significant difference in cleaning. A .DELTA.Rd of 0.5 or greater is a difference which can be perceived by the human eye.

TABLE 1______________________________________Oily Stain Set-Results of first and third washes .DELTA. Rd valuesversusControl AThe compositions of the various detergent compositions designated in theTable are provided below:.circle-solid. Neat = 34.5 g of Control A.circle-solid. SRP = Neat + 0.35 g of SRP1(.about.1% by weight perdose)..circle-solid. Lipase = Neat + 0.20 g of Novo Lipolase 100T Lipaseenzyme(.about.0.5%, by weight, per dose)..circle-solid. SRP & Lipase = Neat + 0.35 g of SRP1 + 0.20 g Lipolase 100T,Lipase enzyme.FIRST WASH THIRD WASH SRP LIPASE LIPASE vs vs SRP&LIP SRP vs vs SRP&LIPSTAIN Neat Neat vs Neat Neat Neat vs Neat______________________________________LM65/35 -4 -3 -3 0 -2 +2LM-DDK -6 -4 +2 -1 -3 +6LM-Cot -2 -3 -4 +1 -1 0SS Cot. -4 -2 -3 -4 -2 -2SS-65/35 0 -1 -2 +2 +2 0SS-DDK +1 -7 0 +3 -5 +3RC-DDK -2 -1 -1 +4 -1 +4BBQ-DDK +5 -3 +10 +4 -1 +5FD-DDK +2 0 +6 +3 -1 +5A1-65/35 +3 +4 +3 +1 +3 +3.DELTA. Sum Rd -7 -20 +8 +13 -11 +26______________________________________ LM = Liquid Makeup; SS = Spangler Sebum Particulate; RC = Red Crisco; BBQ = Barbecue Sauce; FD = French Dressing; A1 = Steak Sauce; DDK = Dacron Double Knit; Cot. = Cotton Percale; 65/35 = Cotton/Polyester blend.

As shown in Table 1, the composition of the invention, SRP and Lipase, demonstrated a significant improvement in oily soil removal from cotton blends and polyester relative to cleaning achieved with the various comparative detergent compositions, especially after the third wash, with particularly good results noted for the removal of liquid make-up, barbecue sauce and French dressing stains.

EXAMPLE 2

A multi-stain test was conducted by hand wash using as the comparative base detergent a commercial laundry powder composition described below and designated herein as Control B.

______________________________________CONTROL BCOMPONENT WEIGHT PERCENT______________________________________Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate 19.0Sodium Tripolyphosphate 15.0Sodium Carbonate 7.5Sodium Silicate 7.5Sodium Sulfate 42.3Water 6.5Amylase/Protease Enzymes 0.35Sodium Polyacrylate 1.6Perfume 0.25______________________________________

The results of a first wash multi-stain test expressed as a change in percent soil removal versus Control B is shown in Table 2. A change in the percent soil removal of two percent or greater is statistically significant.

TABLE 2______________________________________Results of first wash .DELTA.% stain removal values versus Control BThe compositions of the various detergent compositions designated in theTable are provided below..circle-solid. Neat = 214 grams of Control B.circle-solid. 0.35% Lipase = Neat + 0.35% (by weight of Neat) of NovoLipolase 100T Lipase enzyme..circle-solid. 0.13% Lipase = Neat + 0.13% (by weight of Neat) ofLipolase 100TLipase enzyme)..circle-solid. 0.93% SRP = Neat + 0.93% (by weight of Neat) of SRP-1. .93% SRP & 0.35% LIPASE 1.77% SRP vs .13% LIP vsSTAIN vs Neat Neat Neat______________________________________LM-65/35 -1 3 0LM-DDK -2 0 1LM-Cot 1 2 6SS-Cot 3 -5 -5S-65/35 0 4 1SS-DDK 1 -2 3RC-DDK 1 3 4BBQ-DDK 3 -2 24FD-DDK -1 1 9A1-65/35 0 1 1.DELTA. Sum Rd 5 5 44______________________________________ LM = Liquid Makeup; SS = Spangler Sebum Particulate; RC = Red Crisco; BBQ = Barbecue Sauce; FD = French Dressing; A1 = Steak Sauce; DDK = Dacron Double Knit; Cot. = Cotton Percale; 65/35 = Cotton/Polyester blend.

As demonstrated in Table 2, the composition of the invention significantly increased the cleaning of oily soils from Dacron Double Knit and cotton. The synergistic interaction of soil release polymer and lipase enzyme in accordance with the invention was particularly effective in removing the following stains: barbecue sauce; French dressing; liquid make-up; and red Crisco oil.

EXAMPLE 3

A single stain test with motor oil was conducted using automatic washing machines according to the test protocol described in Example 1 except that the machines used had a capacity of 64 liters of water. The comparative base detergent was a commercial No-P laundry powder detergent described below and designated herein as Control C.

______________________________________CONTROL CCOMPONENT WEIGHT PERCENT______________________________________Water 8TEA-DBS.sup.(1) 1.4Nonionic Surfactant.sup.(2) 11.2Sodium Carbonate 23.3Sodium Sulfate 16.9Zeolite A 35.6Brightener 0.3Polyacrylate 3Perfume 0.3______________________________________ .sup.(1) A mixture of triethanol amine and dodecyl benzene sulfate .sup.(2) Condensation product of C.sub.12 --C.sub.15 linear alcohol and a average of 7 moles of EO per mole of alcohol.

The results of the single stain test are shown in Table 3 wherein the percentage soil removal is compared for four fabrics. A measured percentage change of two percent or greater is considered statistically significant.

TABLE 3______________________________________Percent Soil Removal of Dirty Motor Oil Stain Versus Control CThe compositions of the various detergent compositions designated in theTable are provided below..circle-solid. Neat = 65 grams of Control C.circle-solid. Neat + SRP1 = Neat + 0.65 g SRP-1 (.about.1% by weight perdose)..circle-solid. Neat + Lipase = Neat + 0.38 g of Novo Lipolase 100TLipase.circle-solid. Neat + Lipase + SRP-1 = Neat + 0.38 g of Novo Lipolase100TLipase + 0.65 g SRP-1 (all as defined above). Dacron Dacron Poplin Dacron 65% Single Knit Double Knit (65/35) Cotton 35%______________________________________Neat -2.0 3.9 15.7 20.3Neat + SRP-1 96.6 68.5 27.2 47.5Neat + Lipase 0.0 1.8 19.2 22.9Neat + Lipase + 96.8 83.9 28.5 40.1SRP-1______________________________________

Table 3 demonstrates the synergistic improvement achieved in removing motor oil stain from Dacron Double Knit fabric when laundering with the composition of the invention relative to laundering with a commercial laundry detergent as a control composition. The percent soil removal of nearly 84% which was noted when using the composition of the invention far exceeds the individual cleaning effects of 1.8% and 68.5% which were achieved with the addition of lipase enzyme and soil release polymer, respectively, to the control composition.

EXAMPLE 4

A stain test was performed using Control A defined above as the comparative detergent formulation. As noted in Table 4 the removal of a chocolate fudge pudding stain during laundering was significantly enhanced by the use of the composition of the invention.

TABLE 4______________________________________Chocolate Fudge Pudding Stain Test-Results of First Wash. .DELTA. Rdvaluesversus Control A.circle-solid. Neat = 34.5 g of Control A.circle-solid. SRP = Neat + 0.35 g of SRP1 (.about.1% by weight perdose).circle-solid. Lipase = Neat + 0.20 g of Novo Lipolase 100T Lipaseenzyme(.about.0.5% by weight per dose.).circle-solid. SRP & Lipase = Neat + 0.35 g of SPR1 + 0.20 g of NovoLipolase 100T Lipase enzyme. SRP VS. LIPASE VS. SRP & LIP NEAT NEAT VS NEAT______________________________________STAIN:Chocolate Fudge +3 +1 +5Pudding (65/35Dacron/Cotton)______________________________________

EXAMPLE 5

The efficacy of the invention was demonstrated in a formula containing an alkyl polyglucoside as the primary surfactant.

A multi-stain test was carried out using the test protocol of Example 1. The comparative detergent base is described below and is designated as Control D.

______________________________________Control DComponent Weight Percent______________________________________Alkyl Polyglucoside 15.00Sodium Carbonate 7.80Sodium Tripolyphosphate 15.53Sodium Silicate 7.82Brightener 0.10Sodium Sulfate 43.46Sodium Polyacrylate 1.28Flow Aid 0.52Water 8.50TOTAL 100.00______________________________________

The results of a first wash multi-stain test expressed as a change in percent soil removal versus Control D is shown in Table 5. A change in the % soil removal of two percent or greater is statistically significant.

TABLE 5______________________________________Results of first wash .DELTA.% Stain Removal Values versus Control DThe compositions of the various detergent compositions designated in thetable are provided below..circle-solid. Control = 204 g of Control D.circle-solid. 1.5% SRP = Control + 1.5% (by weight) of SRP3.circle-solid. 0.12% Lipase = Control + 0.12% (by weight) of Lipolase100T Lipaseenzyme 1.5% SRP & 0.12% Lipase 1.5% SRP 0.12% LipaseStain-Fabric vs Control vs Control vs Control______________________________________SS-Cot -2 -2 3PD-Cot -6 -2 0SSP-Cot -1 1 3SS-65/35 -5 -3 8CF-65/35 1 2 1CP/OO-Pop -1 1 2Lard-Pop 0 1 4LM-Pop -2 4 1BBQ-Pop -3 0 10TOTAL -19 2 32______________________________________ SS-Spaghetti Sauce, FDFrench Dressing, SSPSpangler Sebum Particulate, CFChicken Fat, CP/OOChili Powder in Olive oil, LMLiquid Makeup, BBQBarbecue Sauce, Cot Cotton, 65/3565%/35% Dacron/Cotton Blend, PopPopli 65%/35% Dacron/Cotton Blend.

As shown in Table 5 the composition of the invention demonstrated a synergistic interaction between soil release polymer and lipase enzyme for the removal of oily soils from cotton and cotton blends. The following stains were removed with particular effectiveness: Spaghetti Sauce, SSP, Lard and Barbecue Sauce.

EXAMPLE 6

The efficacy of the invention was demonstrated in a formula containing a poly hydroxy fatty acid amide/alkyl ethoxy sulfate surfactant system.

A multi stain test was carried out using the test protocol of Example 1. The comparative detergent base is described below and is designated as Control E.

______________________________________Control EComponent Weight Percent______________________________________N-Methylglucamide.sup.(1) 5.00Sodium Alkyl Ethoxy Sulfate 5.00Sodium Carbonate 8.25Sodium Tripolyphosphate 16.44Sodium Silicate 8.28Brightener 0.11Sodium Sulfate 46.02Sodium Polyacrylate 1.35Flow Aid 0.55Water 9.00TOTAL 100.00______________________________________ .sup.(1) Poly hydroxy C.sub.12 --14 fatty acid Nmethyl amide

The results of the first wash multi-stain test expressed as a change in percent soil removal versus Control E is shown in Table 6.

TABLE 6______________________________________Results of first wash .DELTA.% Stain Removal Values versus Control E.circle-solid. Control = 76.8 g of Control E.circle-solid. 1.5% SRP = Control + 1.5% (by weight) of SRP3.circle-solid. 0.35% Lipase = Control = 0.35% (by weight) of Lipolase100T Lipaseenzyme.circle-solid. 1.5% SRP + 0.35% Lipase = Control + 1.5% (by weight) SRP30.35% of Lipolase 100T Lipase enzyme 1.5% SRP & 0.35% Lipase 1.5% SRP 0.35% LipaseStain-Fabric vs Control vs Control vs Control______________________________________SS-Cot 1 3 7SS-65/35 -5 4 7TOTAL -4 7 14______________________________________ SS-Spaghetti Sauce, CotCotton, 65/3565%/35% Dacron/Cotton Blend

As shown in Table 6, the composition of the invention demonstrated a synergistic interaction between soil release polymer and lipase enzyme.

Claims

1. A particulate laundry detergent composition having significantly improved oily soil removal activity comprising, by weight, (a) from about 1% to 50% of one or more detergent compounds selected from the group consisting of alkyl polyglucoside and poly hydroxy fatty acid amide nonionic detergents; (b) 0.1% to 1.0% of a lipase enzyme in an amount effective for oily soil removal from stained fabric; (c) 0.5% to 10% of a soil release copolymer of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyoxyethylene terephthalate (POET) having a molecular weight in the range of about 15,000 to 50,000 wherein the polyoxyethylene (POET) is of a molecular weight in the range of about 1,000 to 10,000 and the molar ratio of PET to POET units is from 2:1 to 6:1, in an amount effective for oily soil removal from stained fabric; and (d) from about 10% to 75% of a water soluble or water insoluble, inorganic or organic builder for said detergent compound; said laundry detergent composition being capable of removing a variety of oily soils from fabric to an extent greater than the additive soil removing effects measured with comparative compositions containing components (a), (b), and (d) or (a), (c) and (d), respectively, each of said comparative compositions being devoid of any combination of said lipase enzyme and said soil release copolymer.

2. A detergent composition according to claim 1 wherein the PET-POET copolymer is of a molecular weight in the range of about 19,000 to 43,000 and the POET is of a molecular weight in the range of about 2,500 to 5,000.

3. A detergent composition according to claim 1 comprising from about 5 to 20%, by weight, of a nonionic detergent.

4. A detergent composition according to claim 3 wherein said nonionic detergent is the condensation product of a higher fatty alcohol having from 12 to 15 carbon atoms and 6 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol.

5. A detergent composition according to claim 1 wherein said lipase enzyme is a fungus-derived enzyme.

6. A detergent composition according to claim 1 wherein said lipase enzyme has an activity of about 100,000 units of lipase per gram of enzyme.

7. A detergent composition according to claim 6 wherein the builder is a mixture of sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium carbonate.

8. A detergent composition according to claim 6 wherein the builder is a mixture of sodium carbonate and zeolite A.