Laundry treating appliances, such as washing machines, refreshers, and non-aqueous systems, can have a configuration based on a rotating container that at least partially defines a treating chamber in which laundry items are placed for treating. The laundry treating appliance may have a controller that implements a number of user-selectable, pre-programmed cycles of operation. Hot water, cold water, or a mixture thereof along with various treating chemistries may be supplied to the treating chamber in accordance with the cycle of operation.
Washing machines having a motor that drives the clothes mover as well as the basket require a drive system to transmit rotational movement from the motor to the clothes mover and the basket, selectively. Such a drive system can translate movement of the motor to the appropriate rotational speed of the clothes mover and the basket via a drive shaft and a drive mechanism that can include a plurality of gears operably coupled to a drive shaft.
In one aspect, illustrative embodiments in accordance with the present disclosure relate to a laundry treating appliance including a tub defining an interior, a basket with a spin tube located within the interior and rotatably mounted within the tub, a motor having a first drive shaft, a clothes mover rotatably mounted within the basket and having a second drive shaft, and a clutch having a helical drive mechanism including a helical sun gear driven by the first drive shaft, at least one helical planet gear driven by the helical sun gear, a planet carrier driven by the at least one helical planet gear, the planet carrier selectively coupled to the second drive shaft to rotate the clothes mover, and an outer helical ring gear driven by the at least one helical planet gear, the outer helical ring gear operably coupled to the spin tube to rotate the basket, wherein meshes formed by teeth between the helical sun gear, the at least one helical planet gear, or the helical ring gear have differing mesh phasing.
In another aspect, illustrative embodiments in accordance with the present disclosure relate to a laundry treating appliance including a tub defining an interior, a basket with a spin tube located within the interior and rotatably mounted within the tub, a motor having a first drive shaft, a clothes mover rotatably mounted within the basket and having a second drive shaft, and a clutch having a helical drive mechanism including a helical sun gear driven by the first drive shaft, at least one helical planet gear driven by the helical sun gear, a planet carrier driven by the at least one helical planet gear, the planet carrier selectively coupled to the second drive shaft to rotate the clothes mover, and an outer helical ring gear driven by the at least one helical planet gear, the outer helical ring gear operably coupled to the spin tube to rotate the basket, wherein meshes formed by teeth between one of the helical sun gear, helical planet gears, or helical ring gear define a total contact ratio greater than 3:1.
In the drawings:
Illustrative washing machines in accordance with the present disclosure include a rotatable clothes mover and a rotatable basket. Clothes movers generally oscillate, or rotate back and forth in accordance with a stroke angle, to provide agitation to a laundry load during washing operations. Clothes movers and rotatable baskets generally spin together during spin cycle operations. To enable both of these functionalities, including oscillation by the clothes mover and joint spinning by the clothes mover and basket, a common drive system can be included. Such a drive system can include a drive mechanism for translating movement from the motor into rotational movement of the basket and clothes mover by the use of a drive shaft that is operably coupled to a series of gears.
Traditional drive mechanisms can include the use of a sun gear, a set of planetary gears, and an external ring gear. The planetary gears are often provided as spur gears. However, the use of spur gears can result in noises during operation that can be unpleasant to a user. Drive mechanisms in accordance with the present disclosure enable the use of helical gears in place of conventional spur gears in the drive mechanism. The use of helical planetary gears, specifically with selected gear contact ratios, can reduce noises during the operation of the washing machine. Noise of operation of the washing machine can be further reduced with the use of washers in such a helical drive mechanism that are formed from a specialized material in accordance with the present disclosure.
Washing machines are typically categorized as either a vertical axis washing machine or a horizontal axis washing machine. As used herein, the “vertical axis” washing machine refers to a washing machine having a rotatable drum, perforate or imperforate, that holds fabric items and a clothes mover, such as an agitator, impeller, nutator, and the like within the drum. The clothes mover moves within the drum to impart mechanical energy directly to the clothes or indirectly through wash liquid in the drum. The clothes mover may typically be moved in a reciprocating rotational movement. In some vertical axis washing machines, the drum rotates about a vertical axis generally perpendicular to a surface that supports the washing machine. However, the rotational axis need not be vertical. The drum may rotate about an axis inclined relative to the vertical axis. As used herein, the “horizontal axis” washing machine refers to a washing machine having a rotatable drum, perforated or imperforate, that holds fabric items and washes the fabric items by the fabric items rubbing against one another as the drum rotates. In some horizontal axis washing machines, the drum rotates about a horizontal axis generally parallel to a surface that supports the washing machine. However, the rotational axis need not be horizontal. The drum may rotate about an axis inclined relative to the horizontal axis. In horizontal axis washing machines, the clothes are lifted by the rotating drum and then fall in response to gravity to form a tumbling action. Mechanical energy is imparted to the clothes by the tumbling action formed by the repeated lifting and dropping of the clothes. Vertical axis and horizontal axis machines are best differentiated by the manner in which they impart mechanical energy to the fabric articles. The illustrated exemplary washing machine of
The washing machine 10 can include a structural support system comprising a cabinet 14 that defines a housing, within which a laundry holding system resides. The cabinet 14 can be a housing having a chassis and/or a frame defining an interior that receives components typically found in a conventional washing machine, such as motors, pumps, fluid lines, controls, sensors, transducers, and the like. Such components will not be described further herein except as necessary for a complete understanding of the present disclosure. The top of the cabinet 14 can include a selectively openable lid 28 to provide access into the laundry treating chamber 32 through an open top of the basket 30.
The fabric holding system of the illustrated exemplary washing machine 10 can include a rotatable basket 30 having an open top that can be disposed within the interior of the cabinet 14 and may define a treating chamber 32 for receiving laundry items for treatment. A tub 34 can also be positioned within the cabinet 14 and can define an interior within which the basket 30 can be positioned. The tub 34 can have a generally cylindrical side or tub peripheral wall 12 closed at its bottom end by a base 16 that can at least partially define a sump 60.
The basket 30 can have a generally peripheral side wall 18, which is illustrated as a cylindrical side wall, closed at the basket end by a basket base 20 to at least partially define the treating chamber 32. The basket 30 can be rotatably mounted within the tub 34 for rotation about a vertical basket axis of rotation and can include a plurality of perforations 31, such that liquid may flow between the tub 34 and the rotatable basket 30 through the perforations 31. While the illustrated washing machine 10 includes both the tub 34 and the basket 30, with the basket 30 defining the treating chamber 32, it is within the scope of the present disclosure for the laundry treating appliance to include only one receptacle, with the receptacle defining the laundry treatment chamber for receiving the load to be treated.
A clothes mover 38 may be rotatably mounted within the basket 30 to impart mechanical agitation to a load of laundry placed in the basket 30. The clothes mover 38 can be oscillated or rotated about its axis of rotation during a cycle of operation in order to produce load motion effective to wash the load contained within the treating chamber 32. Other exemplary types of laundry movers include, but are not limited to, an agitator, a wobble plate, and a hybrid impeller/agitator.
The basket 30 and the clothes mover 38 may be driven by a drive system 40 that includes a motor 41, which can include a gear case, operably coupled with the basket 30 and clothes mover 38. The motor 41 can rotate the basket 30 at various speeds in either rotational direction about the vertical axis of rotation, including at a spin speed wherein a centrifugal force at the inner surface of the basket side wall 18 is 1 g or greater. Spin speeds are commonly known for use in extracting liquid from the laundry items in the basket 30, such as after a wash or rinse step in a treating cycle of operation. A loss motion device or clutch can be included in the drive system 40 and can selectively operably couple the motor 41 with either the basket 30 and/or the clothes mover 38.
A suspension system 22 can dynamically hold the tub 34 within the cabinet 14. The suspension system 22 can dissipate a determined degree of vibratory energy generated by the rotation of the basket 30 and/or the clothes mover 38 during a treating cycle of operation. Together, the tub 34, the basket 30, and any contents of the basket 30, such as liquid and laundry items, define a suspended mass for the suspension system 22.
A liquid supply system can be provided to liquid, such as water or a combination of water and one or more wash aids, such as detergent, into the treating chamber 32. The liquid supply system can include a water supply configured to supply hot or cold water. The water supply can include a hot water inlet 44 and a cold water inlet 46, a valve assembly, which can include a hot water valve 48, a cold water valve 50, and a diverter valve 55, and various conduits 52, 56, 58. The valves 48, 50 are selectively openable to provide water, such as from a household water supply (not shown) to the conduit 52. The valves 48, 50 can be opened individually or together to provide a mix of hot and cold water at a selected temperature. While the valves 48, 50 and conduit 52 are illustrated exteriorly of the cabinet 14, it may be understood that these components can be internal to the housing.
As illustrated, a detergent dispenser 54 can be fluidly coupled with the conduit 52 through a diverter valve 55 and a first water conduit 56. The detergent dispenser 54 can include means for supplying or mixing detergent to or with water from the first water conduit 56 and can supply such treating liquid to the tub 34. It has been contemplated that water from the first water conduit 56 can also be supplied to the tub 34 through the detergent dispenser 54 without the addition of a detergent. A second water conduit, illustrated as a separate water inlet 58, can also be fluidly coupled with the conduit 52 through the diverter valve 55 such that water can be supplied directly to the treating chamber through the open top of the basket 30. Additionally, the liquid supply system can differ from the configuration shown, such as by inclusion of other valves, conduits, wash aid dispensers, heaters, sensors, such as water level sensors and temperature sensors, and the like, to control the flow of treating liquid through the washing machine 10 and for the introduction of more than one type of detergent/wash aid.
A liquid recirculation system can be provided for recirculating liquid from the tub 34 into the treating chamber 32. More specifically, a sump 60 can be located in the bottom of the tub 34 and the liquid recirculation system can be configured to recirculate treating liquid from the sump 60 onto the top of a laundry load located in the treating chamber 32. A pump 62 can be housed below the tub 34 and can have an inlet fluidly coupled with the sump 60 and an outlet configured to fluidly couple to either or both a household drain 64 or a recirculation conduit 66. In this configuration, the pump 62 can be used to drain or recirculate wash water in the sump 60. As illustrated, the recirculation conduit 66 can be fluidly coupled with the treating chamber 32 such that it supplies liquid into the open top of the basket 30. The liquid recirculation system can include other types of recirculation systems.
It is noted that the illustrated drive system, suspension system, liquid supply system, and recirculation and drain system are shown for exemplary purposes only and are not limited to the systems shown in the drawings and described above. For example, the liquid supply, recirculation, and pump systems can differ from the configuration shown in
The washing machine 10 can also be provided with a heating system (not shown) to heat liquid provided to the treating chamber 32. In one example, the heating system can include a heating element provided in the sump to heat liquid that collects in the sump. Alternatively, the heating system can be in the form of an in-line heater that heats the liquid as it flows through the liquid supply, dispensing and/or recirculation systems.
The washing machine 10 can further include a controller 70 coupled with various working components of the washing machine 10 to control the operation of the working components and to implement one or more treating cycles of operation. The control system can further include a user interface 24 that is operably coupled with the controller 70. The user interface 24 can include one or more knobs, dials, switches, displays, touch screens and the like for communicating with the user, such as to receive input and provide output. The user can enter different types of information including, without limitation, cycle selection and cycle parameters, such as cycle options.
The controller 70 can include the machine controller and any additional controllers provided for controlling any of the components of the washing machine 10. For example, the controller 70 can include the machine controller and a motor controller. Many known types of controllers can be used for the controller 70. It is contemplated that the controller is a microprocessor-based controller that implements control software and sends/receives one or more electrical signals to/from each of the various working components to implement the control software. As an example, proportional control (P), proportional integral control (PI), and proportional derivative control (PD), or a combination thereof, a proportional integral derivative control (PID), can be used to control the various components of the washing machine 10.
As illustrated in
The controller 70 can be operably coupled with one or more components of the washing machine 10 for communicating with and/or controlling the operation of the components to complete a cycle of operation. For example, the controller 70 can be coupled with the hot water valve 48, the cold water valve 50, diverter valve 55, and the detergent dispenser 54 for controlling the temperature and flow rate of treating liquid into the treating chamber 32; the pump 62 for controlling the amount of treating liquid in the treating chamber 32 or sump 60; drive system 40 including a motor 41 for controlling the direction and speed of rotation of the basket 30 and/or the clothes mover 38; and the user interface 24 for receiving user selected inputs and communicating information to the user. The controller 70 can also receive input from a temperature sensor 76, such as a thermistor, which can detect the temperature of the treating liquid in the treating chamber 32 and/or the temperature of the treating liquid being supplied to the treating chamber 32. The controller 70 can also receive input from various additional sensors 78, which are known in the art and not shown for simplicity. Non-limiting examples of additional sensors 78 that can be communicably coupled with the controller 70 include: a weight sensor, and a motor torque sensor.
The drive system 40 can further include a helical drive mechanism 100 having a planetary gear system or mechanism, which can be provided within a planetary gearbox 87. The planetary gearbox 87 can include a gearbox housing 90, a helical sun gear 92, a set of helical planet gears 94, and an outer concentric helical ring gear 96, wherein the gears 92, 94, 96 are positioned within the housing 90. It is also contemplated that the outer concentric helical ring gear 96 and the housing 90 can be provided as one piece wherein the housing 90 forms the outer concentric helical ring gear 96. The helical sun gear 92 is rotationally coupled with the first drive shaft 82, and includes teeth 92a configured to mesh with teeth 94a on the helical planet gears 94 and to rotate the set of helical planet gears 94. The helical planet gears 94 are positioned concentrically about the helical sun gear 92 and within the outer helical ring gear 96, such that the teeth 94a of helical planet gears 94 mesh with teeth 96a of the outer helical ring gear 96. Each of the helical planet gears 94 is coupled with a planet carrier 98 such that the rotation of the helical planet gears 94 about the helical ring gear 96, as driven by the helical sun gear 92, rotates the planet carrier 98 about the axis of rotation 84. The planet carrier 98 can be further coupled with the second drive shaft 86 to rotate the clothes mover 38. The helical ring gear 96 is operably connected with the basket 30 via the spin tube 88. The helical sun gear 92, helical planet gears 94 and outer helical ring gear 96 can be collectively thought of as a helical gear assembly.
The planetary gearbox 87 can be configured in any suitable manner including that it can be configured in a speed-reducing configuration, for example by planetary gear reduction, such that the output rotational speed of the second drive shaft 86 is less than the rotational speed of the first drive shaft 82. The planetary gearbox 87, helical sun gear 92, helical planet gears 94, helical ring gear 96, and the like, can be configured or selected to provide a desired rotational speed-reducing ratio based on the rotational speed of the first drive shaft 82, the desired rotational speed of the clothes mover 38, or the desired agitation of the washing machine 10 or the cycle of operation.
The motor 41 operates as controlled by the controller 70. The rotational speed of the first drive shaft 82 can be reduced by the planetary gearbox 87 and delivered to the clothes mover 38 to rotate the clothes mover 38, which ultimately provides movement to the laundry load contained within the laundry treating chamber 32. When the washing machine 10 is operating in the agitate mode, the motor 41 is operated in a reversing fashion which causes the first drive shaft 82 to oscillate, thus driving the helical sun gear 92 in alternating opposite directions. The clothes mover 38 is therefore oscillated through its connection with the helical planet gears 94. The wash basket 30 can be held stationary while the clothes mover 38 is oscillated, for example by means of a brake mechanism (not shown).
A clutch mechanism, which can include the helical drive mechanism 100, is included and allows for switching the washing machine 10 between a mode in which the clothes mover 38 oscillates relative to the basket 30 and a mode in which the clothes mover 38 and the basket 30 rotate together. In exemplary implementations, the clothes mover 38 may oscillate during a wash cycle to provide agitation, and the clothes mover 38 and the basket 30 may spin together during a spin cycle.
Turning now to
The helical drive mechanism 100 comprises an input washer 102 between the helical sun gear 92 and the housing 90 that defines the helical ring gear 96. The input washer 102 can be formed of any suitable material, non-limiting examples of which include metal or plastic. Helical planet gears 94 circumferentially surround the helical sun gear 92 and are received on a plurality of carrier posts 104 extending downwardly from the planet carrier 98. Planet carrier 98 is received about the second drive shaft 86. Above the planet carrier 98 and received about the spin tube 88 is an upper cover 106. The upper cover 106 can be secured to the housing 90 by a plurality of fasteners 108. The fasteners 108 can be any suitable type of fastener, including, but not limited to, screws, bolts, snap-in fasteners, etc. Between the planet carrier 98 and the upper cover 106 can be provided a carrier washer 110.
The plurality of teeth 92a of the helical sun gear 92 are provided about the outer circumferential surface of the helical sun gear 92. The teeth 92a on the helical sun gear 92 are at an angle relative to the axis of rotation 84. The plurality of teeth 94a of the helical planet gears 94 are also provided about the outer circumferential surface of the helical planet gears 94. The teeth 94a of the helical planet gears 94 are also at an angle relative to the axis of rotation 84. In an exemplary embodiment, the teeth 94a of the helical planet gears 94 are provided at an angle the same as the teeth 92a of the helical sun gear 92 so that the teeth 94a of the helical planet gears 94 can mesh with the teeth 92a of the helical sun gear 92. Further, the plurality of teeth 96a of the helical ring gear 96 are provided about the inner circumferential surface of the helical ring gear 96 and are provided at an angle relative to the axis of rotation 84. The teeth 96a of the helical ring gear 96 are provided at an angle the same as the teeth 94a of the helical planet gears 94 so that the teeth 94a of the helical planet gears 94 can mesh with the teeth 96a of the helical ring gear 96. While the helical drive mechanism 100 is illustrated herein as having three helical planet gears 94, it will be understood that any suitable number of helical planet gears 94 can be provided, including only a single helical planet gear 94. Further, in an exemplary embodiment, regardless of the number of helical planet gears 94 provided, the helical planet gears 94 can be equally spaced circumferentially around the helical sun gear 92 to reduce vibration in the helical drive mechanism 100, and also in the washing machine 10 overall.
The carrier washer 110 provided between the planet carrier 98 and the upper cover 106 in the helical drive mechanism 100 can prevent contact between the planet carrier 98 and the upper cover 106, and can also or alternately dampen contact between the planet carrier 98 and the upper cover 106. The carrier washer 110 can be formed from any suitable material, such as a plastic or a resin. In an exemplary embodiment, the carrier washer 110 can be formed from or comprised of a plastic that is sufficiently durable to withstand the wear of normal operation of the drive system 40. One such example includes, but is not limited to, a polyetheretherketone (PEEK) based resin, which can be further provided with fillers such as nylon, a non-limiting example of which includes aramid, or a polytetrafluoroethylene, a non-limiting example of which includes Teflon™. The carrier washer 110 can have any suitable thickness such that the gap between the planet carrier 98 and the upper cover 106 allows.
It is further contemplated carrier washer 110 can be any suitable thickness. By way of non-limiting example, during production of the helical drive mechanism 100, each helical drive mechanism 100 produced can be measured to determine the thickness of carrier washer 110 best suited in that individual helical drive mechanism 100. In an exemplary embodiment, carrier washers 110 made available during the manufacturing process have exemplary thicknesses of 1.0 mm and 1.4 mm.
Referring now to
The face width 125 can be multiplied by the tangent of the helix angle 128 to define a face advance. The face advance can then be divided by the transverse circular pitch 122 as illustrated in
In a conventional spur gear assembly, where the teeth of the spur gears are oriented vertically, the total contact ratio is generally 1:1. In the helical gear assembly, the total contact ratio is greater than 3:1. Specifically, in an exemplary embodiment, the gear transverse contact ratio of the helical drive mechanism 100 is greater than or equal to 1.1:1. and the face contact ratio of the helical drive mechanism 100 is greater than or equal to 2.0.1. The characteristics, non-limiting examples of which include the height, circumference, and curvature of the helical gears 92, 94, 96 and the angle of the helical teeth 92a, 94a, 96a relative to the axis of rotation 84, of the helical sun gear 92, helical planet gears 94, and helical ring gear 96 can be selected so as to optimize the total contact ratio of the meshing of the gears by optimizing the number of teeth 92a, 94a, 96a, the shape of the teeth 92a, 94a, 96a, and the angle of the teeth 92a, 94a, 96a relative to the axis of rotation 84.
Further, in an exemplary embodiment, the helical sun gear 92 and the helical planet gears 94, as well as the helical planet gears 94 and the helical ring gear 96, are provided at differing degrees of rotation such that the pairs of gears are out of phase, or have differing mesh phasing, with one another in order to provide improved meshing of the gears and reduce grinding noise and vibration during operation. By ensuring that the degree of rotation between the helical sun gear 92 and helical planet gears 94 differs from the degree of rotation between the helical planet gears 94 and the helical ring gear 96 to define a differing mesh phasing, the teeth 92a, 94a, 96a that meshed between one pair of the helical gears 92, 94, 96, can provide stability and reduced vibration to the helical drive mechanism 100, even while the teeth 92a, 94a, 96a between another pair of the helical gears 92, 94, 96 may be coming into mesh with one another. This reduction in vibration within the helical drive mechanism 100 results in a reduction of grinding noise within the helical drive mechanism 100 and a quieter operation as perceived by a user.
Turning now to the operation of the drive system 40 and the helical drive mechanism 100, the motor 41 is configured to drive the clothes mover 38 to rotate. As the motor 41 drives the rotation of the first drive shaft 82 in a first direction, the rotation is transferred through the helical gear assembly of the helical sun gear 92, helical planet gears 94, and the helical ring gear 96 to drive rotation of the planet carrier 98. Particularly during an agitate mode when the motor 41 is driving the helical drive mechanism 100 backwards and forwards repeatedly, grinding can occur between the helical sun gear 92 and the helical planet gears 94, as well as between the helical planet gears 94 and the helical ring gear 96. This can create a gear grinding noise that can be unpleasant to a user. Further, back and forth rotation of the helical gear assembly causes the helical sun gear 92 to move upward and downward along the first drive shaft 82 repeatedly. Each time the helical sun gear 92 moves upwardly along the first drive shaft 82, the helical sun gear 92 contacts the planet carrier 98, which results in the planet carrier 98 contacting the upper cover 106. The contact between the planet carrier 98 and the upper cover 106 can result in further unpleasant noise to the user.
Noise generated by contact between the planet carrier 98 and the upper cover 106 is reduced by the presence of the carrier washer 110, which prevents or dampens direct contact between the planet carrier 98 and the upper cover 106. The sound power plot of
Turning now to
In a traditional vertical axis laundry treating appliance, the drive mechanism, and specifically the gear assembly, can be a significant contributor to noise generated by the washing machine during its operation, generating user complaints and requiring significant spending to address the issue. In drive mechanisms using a traditional spur gear assembly, with gears having vertical threads, it is difficult to mitigate the gear grinding noise that results. The various aspects described herein allow for removal of the spur gear assembly in favor of a helical gear assembly or helical drive mechanism. The helical drive mechanism results in smoother gear operation, a reduction in gear grinding noise, and an overall quieter operation. Furthermore, having the gears be rotationally positioned out of phase with one another to facilitate proper tooth meshing, as well as using equidistantly spaced helical planet gears, can reduce vibration within the drive system and within the washing machine as a whole, as well as decreasing error in the transmission or drive system.
Furthermore, the incorporation of a carrier washer that is made from a specialized plastic resin serves to damp knocking noise that can occur from the axial thrust generated by gear reversal and the repeated upward movement of the sun gear against the planet carrier, particularly during the agitation cycle.
To the extent not already described, the different features and structures of the various embodiments can be used in combination with each other as desired. That one feature may not be illustrated in all of the embodiments is not meant to be construed that it cannot be, but is done for brevity of description. Thus, the various features of the different embodiments can be mixed and matched as desired to form new embodiments, whether or not the new embodiments are expressly described. All combinations or permutations of features described herein are covered by this disclosure.
While the invention has been specifically described in connection with certain specific embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that this is by way of illustration and not of limitation. Reasonable variation and modification are possible within the scope of the forgoing disclosure and drawings without departing from the spirit of the invention which is defined in the appended claims.
This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/408,111, filed on Oct. 14, 2016, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference.
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20180105970 A1 | Apr 2018 | US |
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62408111 | Oct 2016 | US |