Patent Application
20160047512
Reflectors, designed to direct light from an omnidirectional source in a limited range of directions, are currently in existence. Search lights, stadium lights, car headlights and flashlights are examples. More recently such reflectors have been designed for light emitting diodes (LEDs), which are nearly perfect hemispherical (Lambertian) sources. These reflectors include collimating horns for LEDs, and these devices are inexpensive, easy to fabricate, have favorable optical characteristics and can use reflective films to great advantage. These horns have been used for a single LED and for an array of LEDs. The arrays of LEDs are packed together as close as possible to approximate a point source as best as possible. This configuration creates a problem with thermal management because the heat from the LEDs is concentrated and must be removed. Highly thermally conductive materials, large heat sinks, fans and liquid cooling have been used to remove the heat. Spreading the LEDs out over a larger area helps allows the heat to dissipate more readily but makes it more difficult to control the direction of the light with a single horn.
A light collimating horn assembly, consistent with the present invention, includes two horns. A first horn has a first exterior surface, a first interior reflective surface forming a first interior volume, a first open end, and a second open end opposite and larger than the first open end. A second horn has a second exterior reflective surface and a second interior surface forming a second interior volume. The second horn is at least partially contained within the first interior volume with a gap between the first interior reflective surface and the second exterior reflective surface.
A light source is positioned adjacent the first open end between the first interior reflective surface and the second exterior reflective surface. The first and second horns at least partially collimate light from the light source transmitted between the first interior reflective surface and the second exterior reflective surface with the light exiting the first and second horns at the second open end.
The accompanying drawings are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification and, together with the description, explain the advantages and principles of the invention. In the drawings,
Embodiments of the present invention include a light collimating device for an array of light sources including a collimating element encompassing the light sources and at least one additional optical element disposed between the light sources to further define the light distribution pattern generated from the light sources.
A circuit board 26 includes a plurality of light sources 27, a driver circuit 28 such as an integrated circuit chip, a connector 29, and a neutral pad 30. Connector 29 is electrically connected with a pin 19 in order to receive power from a power source such as a light socket. Neutral pad 30, optionally with a neutral clip, is electrically connected with base 18.
Light sources 27 are positioned adjacent the open ends 38 and 42 between interior reflective surface 37 of outer horn 12 and exterior reflective surface 40 of inner horn 14. The outer horn 12 and inner horn 14 together at least partially collimate light from light sources 27 transmitted between interior reflective surface 37 and exterior reflective surface 40 with the light exiting the horns at open ends 39 and 43. The horns can thus provide for controlled collimation in order to, for example, substantially collimate light for a spot light or partially but not substantially collimate light for a flood light. An optional transparent or translucent cover 44 (see
Light section 16 includes a ridge 34 for supporting light sources 27 and a portion 35 for supporting exterior surface 36 of outer horn 12. An insulator 17 is located between light section 16 and base 18. In some embodiments, light section 16 has no apertures (vents) between the horns and base 18 (see
Optional thermal guide 20 is at least partially contained within the interior volume of inner horn 14 for providing thermal conduction from the light sources 27 for cooling the light. Thermal guide 20 has a base 21 for placement within light section 16 and a portion 23 for supporting interior surface 41 of inner horn 14. Thermal guide 20, when used, can extend by varying or different amounts into the interior volume of inner horn 14, for example it can extend only slightly into the interior volume or extend nearly through the interior volume or extend by other amounts. An air gap is formed between at least a portion of thermal guide 20, when used, and interior surface 41 of inner horn 14. In some embodiments, the air gap substantially surrounds thermal guide 20 between thermal guide 20 and interior surface 41 of inner horn 14.
The inner and outer horns can alternatively have other configurations.
The following are exemplary materials, components, and configurations for the light collimating assemblies described herein.
The outer and inner horns can be implemented with aluminum or other metal materials, for example. The reflective surfaces of the horns can comprise a polished metallic surface, such as polished aluminum, or a reflective film applied to the horns. An example of a reflective film is the Enhanced Specular Reflective (ESR) film product from 3M Company, St. Paul, Minn. When implemented with a metal material, the horns can function as a heat sink in addition to collimating elements. The surfaces of the horns opposite the reflective surfaces can be painted, for example, or include a particular coating.
The light sources can be implemented with LEDs, organic LEDs (OLEDS), or other solid state light sources. The lights can include one light source or multiple light sources arranged as a ring or a curved or linear strip, for example, possibly depending upon a cross sectional shape of the light collimating horns. Also, the lights can use non-packaged LED light sources.
The driver circuit can be implemented with any circuit or component capable of receiving power from the power source and driving the light source based upon the received power. The driver circuit can be located within the assembly, as shown, or alternatively external to the assembly with an electrical connection to the light sources.
The circuit board can be implemented with any flexible board capable of fitting within the assembly and supporting the driver circuit, light sources, and possibly other components. The circuit board can be, for example, a single flexible circuit board to house those components and make electrical connections for them. The circuit board can alternatively be implemented with rigid boards, or a combination of flexible and rigid boards. As another alternative, the circuit board can support the light sources and have an electrical connection with a driver circuit located external to the assembly.
The light section can be implemented with, for example, a metal material such as aluminum. The light section can also be implemented with other metal materials, ceramic materials, thermally conductive polymers, or combinations of such materials. The light section can function as a heat sink, and a size of the light section can be adjusted to dissipate a particular amount of heat from the light. The light section can have a round or circular shape, as shown, or other shapes depending upon the shape of the horns, for example. For example, the light section can have other curved shapes or have square, rectangular, or other polygonal shapes.
The base can be implemented with, for example, an Edison base for use with conventional light bulb sockets or a base configured for connection to other types of light fixture connections. Alternatively, the assembly could be configured as a luminaire without a fixture interface such as an Edison base.
The thermal guide, when used, is in sufficient contact, directly or indirectly, with the light sources in order to conduct and dissipate heat from the light sources. The thermal guide can be directly in physical contact with the light sources or indirectly in contact with them such as through other components. The thermal guide can be implemented with a metal material such as aluminum. The thermal guide, when used, can also be implemented with other metal materials, ceramic materials, thermally conductive polymers, or combinations of such materials. The thermal guide can be hollow, as shown, or composed of a solid material, and it can include a cylindrical post, as shown, or other have other shapes extending at least partially into the interior volume of the inner horn. The thermal guide can optionally have a reflective coating.
