Patent Application
20070047258
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an optical modulation technique and, more particularly to a light guide plate having two micro structures and a back light unit having the light guide plate.
2. Descriptions of Related Arts
Recently, digital products in new generation not only can integrate technique of information, consumption and communication fields, but also has good multimedia performance with the rapid development of related technical fields. Moreover, an image processing technique has become a notable development art with maturation of accessory art and application increment. Thus, demands of various digital products having display function especially LCD are becoming more and more important. According to the estimate of Display Search, the amounts of future LCD TV will reach to 16240 thousand in 2006 at high requests; thereby another business in critical accessories of LCD will come forth, wherein the development of back light units is a most important project.
As LCD is not a self-luminous panel display, a critical accessory—the back light unit as is mentioned above must be used for providing back light source. For example, cost of a back light unit in a 15-inch TFT-LCD is second only to that of a color filter, so research for reducing the cost of the back light unit has constantly been performed in display industry. Certainly, with disparate development of digital products, back light units are widely used in information, communication and consumption products besides LCD, such as mobile phones, digital cameras, PDA, palm electrical toys and the like.
In the present back light unit, critical accessories comprising a light guide plate and optical films such as diffuser, BEF (Brightness Enhancement Film) or DBEF (Dual BEF) are used to guide light, uniform light and concentrate light; wherein the light guide plate is the most important factor affecting the quality of back light unit with small size.
Microdots or V-shaped grooves are made on a bottom face or dual faces of the light guide plate to guide light and uniform light in present structure design of the light guide plate. Generally, the light guide plate having V-shaped grooves has stronger brightness than the light guide plate having microdots at the same light source, but if V-shaped grooves are on both faces of the light guide plate, bright lines which cause unevenness exit light may be formed easily on the surface of the light guide plate.
Discussing formation reason of the bright lines, it can be inferred from Snell's Law in optics that total reflection may occur on a side face of the V-shaped grooves after the light source inputs into a side face of the light guide plate, and much light may output over against upside of the V-shaped grooves to cause bright lines of the light guide plate. Accordingly, related techniques for reducing bright lines are proposed as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,568,822 B2, U.S. Pat. No. 6,139,163 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,851,815 B2.
Referring to
However, as the design of the notch 11 or the micro structure 19 mentioned in U.S. Pat. No. 6,568,822 B2 is an aspheric curvature, it is hard in fabrication. Accordingly, such technique not only is useless to industry value, but also has high cost for its hard fabrication.
Moreover, it proposed a technique of inputting light inside the light guide plate after constantly reflection and refraction in U.S. Pat. No. 6,139,163. As shown in
However, great loss of energy may be caused to reduce energy of the exit light in the above U.S. Pat. No. 6,139,163 as much reflection and refraction of the light must be performed before inputting the light inside the light guide plate. Furthermore, it is hard in practical fabrication because the structure is complicated and economic effect still can not be estimated.
In addition, micro structures made on two faces of the light guide plate are proposed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,851,815 B2, pyramid-shaped micro structures are made on a bottom face of the light guide plate and inverted V-shaped grooves are made on a top face of the light guide plate. The pyramid-shaped micro structures are used to uniform exit light on a surface of the light guide plate, and the V-shaped grooves are used to redirect the light in the light guide plate in order to enhance brightness of the exit light on a front face of the light guide plate. Such micro structure on the top surface of the light guide plate has light collection function but has not diffusion function, and the evenness effect of the exit light is still not good.
Therefore, the present subject to be solved in the art is how to overcome above-mentioned problems disclosed in the prior art.
To overcome the above-mentioned problems, it is a primary objective of the present invention to provide a light guide plate and a back light unit having the light guide plate to avoid bright lines.
It is another objective of the present invention to provide a light guide plate and a back light unit having the light guide plate which have a tunable composite optical effect with light collection and diffusion functions so as to increase brightness and evenness of exit light.
To achieve the above-mentioned and other objectives, a light guide plate and a back light unit having the light guide plate are proposed in the present invention. The light guide plate has a transparent substrate having a first optical face and a second optical face opposed to the first optical face, a first micro structure and a second micro structure. The light guide plate is used in the back light unit.
In one preferred embodiment, the first micro structure is formed on the first optical face and has a plurality of light diffusion portions and light collection portions installed in parallel to each other for respectively diffusing and collecting light, and the second micro structure is formed on the second optical face and has at least a light guide portion composed of an inclined face and a curved face.
More preferably, the light diffusion portions and the light collection portions are interlacedly installed in parallel to each other in equal or unequal proportions. Each of the light diffusion portions has an arc-shaped face selected from a group consisting of a spheric surface and an aspheric surface. The curvature radius of the arc-shaped face ranges between 1 μm and 500 μm. Each of the light collection portions has an inverted V-shaped face. The vertex angle of the inverted V-shaped face ranges between 30 degrees and 140 degrees. The curvature radii of the arc-shaped face of any two spatially adjacent light diffusion portions are not equal, and the vertex angles of the inverted V-shaped face of any two spatially adjacent light collection portions are not equal, either. The first micro structure has a plurality of linearly or curvedly extended light diffusion portions and light collection portions installed in parallel to each other. The curvedly extended light diffusion portion and the light collection portion are parallel and/or perpendicular to the first optical face. The parallel light diffusion portions and the light collection portions bend constantly. The light guide portion of the second micro structure has one selected from a group consisting of a projecting structure projected from the second optical face and an indented structure indented into the second optical face. Furthermore, the second micro structure has a plurality of light guide portions interlacedly installed to each other The thickness of the light guide portions are all equal or not equal, the intervals of any two spatially adjacent light guide portions are all equal or not equal or the light guide portions are spatially arranged to each other in equal or unequal proportions, and the heights of any two spatially adjacent light guide portions are not equal.
In a second embodiment, the first micro structure is formed on the first optical face and has at least a light diffusion and collection composite portion for diffusing and collecting light, and the second micro structure is formed on the second optical face and has at least a light guide portion composed of an inclined face and a curved face.
Each of the diffused and the light collected composite portion has an arc-shaped face selected from a group consisting of a spheric surface or an aspheric surface and an inverted V-shaped face formed on the arc-shaped face. The curvature radius of the arc-shaped face ranges between 1 μm and 500 μm, the vertex angle of the inverted V-shaped face ranges between 30 degrees and 140 degrees. The curvature radii of the arc-shaped face of any two spatially adjacent light diffusion and collection composite portions are not equal, and the vertex angles of the inverted V-shaped face of any two spatially adjacent light diffusion and collection composite portions are not equal, either. The first micro structure has a plurality of light diffusion and collection composite portions installed in parallel to each other, or the first micro structure has at least a linearly or curvedly extended light diffusion and collection composite portion instead. In one embodiment, the first micro structure has a plurality of linearly or curvedly extended light diffusion and collection composite portions parallel to each other The curvedly extended light diffusion and collection composite portion is parallel and/or perpendicular to the first optical face The parallel diffused and the light collected composite portions bend constantly. The light guide portion of the second micro structure has one selected from a group consisting of a projecting structure projected from the second optical face and an indented structure indented into the second optical face. Furthermore, the second micro structure has a plurality of light guide portions interlacedly in parallel to each other. The thickness of the light guide portions are all equal or not equal, the intervals of any two spatially adjacent light guide portions are all equal or not equal or the light guide portions are spatially arranged to each other in equal or unequal proportions, and the heights of any two spatially adjacent light guide portions are not equal.
In a third preferred embodiment, the first micro structure is formed on the first optical face and has a plurality of light diffusion and collection composite portions and light collection portions installed in parallel to each other for diffusing and collecting light, and the second micro structure is formed on the second optical face and has at least a light guide portion composed of an inclined face and a curved face.
The light diffusion and collection composite portions and the light collection portions are spatially parallel to each other in equal or unequal proportions. Each of the light diffusion and collection composite portions has an arc-shaped face selected from a group consisting of a spheric surface or an aspheric surface and a inverted V-shaped face formed on the arc-shaped face, and each of the light collection portions has an inverted V-shaped face. The curvature radius of the arc-shaped face ranges between 1 μm and 500 μm, and the vertex angle of the inverted V-shaped face ranges between 30 degrees and 140 degrees. The curvature radii of the arc-shaped face of any two spatially adjacent light diffusion and collection composite portions are not equal, and the vertex angles of the inverted V-shaped face of any two spatially adjacent light diffusion and collection composite portions or light collection portions are not equal, either. In one embodiment, the first micro structure has a plurality of linearly or curvedly extended light diffusion and collection composite portions and light collection portions parallel to each other. The curvedly extended light diffusion and collection composite portion and the light collection portion are parallel and/or perpendicular to the first optical face. The parallel diffused and the light collected composite portions and light collection portions bend constantly. The light guide portion of the second micro structure has one selected from a group consisting of a projecting structure projected from the second optical face and an indented structure indented into the second optical face. Furthermore, the second micro structure has a plurality of light guide portions interlacedly installed to each other. The thickness of the light guide portions are all equal or not equal, the intervals of any two spatially adjacent light guide portions are all equal or not equal or the light guide portions are spatially arranged to each other in equal or unequal proportions, and the heights of any two spatially adjacent light guide portions are not equal.
In a fourth preferred embodiment, the first micro structure is formed on the first optical face and has a plurality of light diffusion and collection composite portions and light diffusion portions parallel to each other for diffusing and collecting light, and the second micro structure is formed on the second optical face and has at least a light guide portion composed of an inclined face and a curved face.
The light diffusion and collection composite portions and the light diffusion portions are installed in parallel to each other in equal or unequal proportions. Each of the light diffusion and collection composite portions has an arc-shaped face selected from a group consisting of a spheric surface or an aspheric surface and a inverted V-shaped face formed on the arc-shaped face, and each of the light diffusion portions has an arc-shaped face. The curvature radius of the arc-shaped face ranges between 1 μm and 500 μm, the vertex angle of the inverted V-shaped face ranges between 30 degrees and 140 degrees, the curvature radii of the arc-shaped face of any two spatially adjacent light diffusion and collection composite portions or light diffusion portions are not equal, and the vertex angles of the inverted V-shaped face of any two spatially adjacent light diffusion and collection composite portions are not equal, either. In one embodiment, the first micro structure has a plurality of linearly or curvedly extended light diffusion and collection composite portions and light diffusion portions parallel to each other. The curvedly extended light diffusion and collection composite portion and the light diffusion portion are parallel and/or perpendicular to the first optical face. The parallel diffused and the light collected composite portions and light diffusion portions bend constantly. The light guide portion of the second micro structure has one selected from a group consisting of a projecting structure projected from the second optical face and an indented structure indented into the second optical face. Furthermore, the second micro structure has a plurality of light guide portions interlacedly installed to each other. The thickness of the light guide portions are all equal or not equal, the intervals of any two spatially adjacent light guide portions are all equal or not equal or the light guide portions are spatially arranged to each other in equal or unequal proportions, and the heights of any two spatially adjacent light guide portions are not equal.
In a fifth preferred embodiment, the first micro structure is formed on the first optical face and has a plurality of light diffusion portions, light collection portions and light diffusion and collection composite portions parallel to each other for diffusing and collecting light, and the second micro structure is formed on the second optical face and has at least a light guide portion composed of an inclined face and a curved face.
The light diffusion portions, the light collection portions and the light diffusion and collection composite portions are interlacedly in parallel to each other in equal or unequal proportions. Each of the light diffusion and collection composite portions has an arc-shaped face selected from group consisting of a spheric surface or an aspheric surface and an inverted V-shaped face formed on the arc-shaped face. Each of the light diffusion portions has an arc-shaped face, and each of the light collection portions has an inverted V-shaped face. The curvature radius of the arc-shaped face ranges between 1 μm and 500 μm, the vertex angle of the inverted V-shaped face ranges between 30 degrees and 140 degrees. The curvature radii of the arc-shaped face of any two spatially adjacent light diffusion and collection composite portions or light diffusion portions are not equal, and the vertex angles of the inverted V-shaped face of any two spatially adjacent light diffusion and collection composite portions or light collection portions are not equal, either. In one embodiment, the first micro structure has a plurality of linearly or curvedly extended light diffusion portions, light collection portions and light diffusion and collection composite portions parallel to each other. The curvedly extended light diffusion portion, the light collection portion and the light diffusion and collection composite portion are parallel and/or perpendicular to the first optical face. The light diffusion portions, the light collection portions and the light diffusion and collection composite portions bend constantly. The light guide portion of the second micro structure is one of a projecting structure and an indented structure from the second optical face. Furthermore, the second micro structure has a plurality of light guide portions interlacedly installed to each other. The thickness of the light guide portions are all equal or not equal, the intervals of any two spatially adjacent light guide portions are all equal or not equal or the light guide portions are spatially arranged to each other in equal or unequal proportions, and the heights of any two spatially adjacent light guide portions are not equal.
In a sixth preferred embodiment, the first micro structure is formed on the first optical face and has at least a light diffusion and collection composite portion for diffusing and collecting light. A first side of the light diffusion and collection composite portion has an arc-shaped face, and a second side adjacent to the arc-shaped face has an inverted V-shaped face. The second micro structure is formed on the second optical face and has at least a light guide portion composed of an inclined face and a curved face.
The first micro structure has a plurality of light diffusion and collection composite portions arranged in a array. In one embodiment, the first micro structure has a plurality of light diffusion and collection composite portions arranged as a parallel array with at least one curved extension direction. The direction of the curved extension of the light diffusion and collection composite portion is parallel and/or perpendicular to the first optical face. The arc-shaped face and the inverted V-shaped face are perpendicular to each other. The curvature radius of the arc-shaped face range between 1 μm and 500 μm, and the vertex angle of the inverted V-shaped face ranges between 30 degrees and 140 degrees. The light guide portion of the second micro structure has one selected from a group consisting of a projecting structure projected from the second optical face and an indented structure indented into the second optical face. Furthermore, the second micro structure has a plurality of light guide portions interlacedly installed to each other. The thickness of the light guide portions are all equal or not equal, the intervals of any two spatially adjacent light guide portions are all equal or not equal or the light guide portions are spatially arranged to each other in equal or unequal proportions, and the heights of any two spatially adjacent light guide portions are not equal.
In a seventh preferred embodiment, the first micro structure is formed on the first optical face and has at least a light diffusion and collection portion for providing diffusing and collecting light, and the second micro structure is formed on the second optical face and has at least a light guide portion composed of an inclined face and a curved face.
The back light unit of the present invention can use any one of the aforementioned light guide plates. In a common preferred embodiment, the back light unit further includes an optical modulator installed on the light guide plate, at least a light emitting component installed around the light guide plate, and a light reflection piece installed under the light guide plate. Meanwhile, the back light unit further includes a protective film or an optical film formed on the optical modulator.
Compared with the prior art, the light guide plate which provides functions of light diffusion and light collection has a capability to regulate exit light distribution and exit light intensity by use of optical designability and controllability of the first and second micro structure according to the present invention. Meanwhile, the first micro structure has a tunable composite optical effect with light collection and diffusion functions so as to increase brightness and evenness of the exit light, and the second micro structure has a design of curved face for destroying total reflection of light, such that bright lines can be effectively prevented from occurrence by avoiding light outputting from the direction over against the first optical face. Therefore, the problems of the prior art can be solved.
The invention can be more fully understood by reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, with reference made to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
The following special embodiments are provided to illustrate the disclosure of the present invention, these and other advantages and effects can be apparently understood by those in the art after reading the disclosure of this specification. The present invention can also be performed or applied by other different embodiments. The details of the specification may be on the basis of different points and applications, and numerous modifications and variations can be devised without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be noted that the appendant drawings are made in simplicity only to easily illustrate the basic structure of the present invention. Accordingly, only associated components of the present invention are shown in the drawings and these components are not drawn in actual numbers, shapes and dimensions, thereby the sizes of the components in practical implements may be an alternative design and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
Please refer to
As shown in
The first micro structure 33 is formed on the first optical face 311 and is made of transparent material. The first micro structure 33 comprises a plurality of light diffusion portions 331 installed in parallel to each other for diffusing light (exit light), and a plurality of light collection portions 333 installed in parallel to each other for collecting light (exit light). Each of the light diffusion portions 331 has an arc-shaped face, such as a spheric surface and an aspheric surface. A curvature radius of the arc-shaped face preferably ranges between 1 μm and 500 μm. Each of the light collection portions has an inverted V-shaped face, and a vertex angle of the inverted V-shaped face preferably ranges between 30 degrees and 140 degrees. It should be noted that a proportion between light collection intensity and diffusion intensity in accordance with different product demands can be regulated by properly selecting the curvature radii of the arc-shaped face of the light diffusion portions 331, the vertex angles of the inverted V-shaped face of the light collection portions 333, the height of the light diffusion portions 331 and the light collection portions 333, and material for the first micro structure 33 (for example, a refractive index). As these can be easily understood and modified by those in the art, they are not repeated herein.
Please refer to
Certainly, the direction along which the light diffusion portions 331 and the light collection portions 333 are curvedly extended is designed to be perpendicular to the first optical face 311 in another embodiment (i.e. as shown in
Please refer to FIG. SA. According to Snell's Law, the light collection portion 333 has good light collected performance for reducing a divergent angle of a light source. When entering a prism 7, an incident light 5 will be totally reflected from the prism 7 as a solid line arrow shown if an incident angle θ is larger than a critical angle of total reflection, or will pass through from the prism 7 as a dashed line arrow and then leave a normal line (the dashed line, the incident light 5 will leave a surface of the prism 7), thereby light collection effect can be attained.
Referring to
As a result, the first micro structure 33 has composite effects with light diffusion and light collection. The light diffusion portion 331 having an aberration character of lens can fuzzify (or uniform) the incident light, and the light collection portion 333 can control the exit light angle of the incident light (the range of the exit light angle is related to the vertex angle of the inverted V-shaped face), such that dual effects of light collection and light diffusion can be provided.
The second micro structure 35 is formed on the second optical face 313. As shown in
Furthermore, the light guide plate 3 is made by a super-precision processing technology which has advantages in practical batch production. For example, a shaped monocrystal diamond pencil is processed on a metal mould in conjunction with UV curing by rolling and forming technology so that the micro structure on the mould can be formed onto an optical substrate. However the formation technology is not limited thereto, the processing principle and technology are not repeated herein as they have been understood to those in the art.
Please refer to
Compared to the prior art, the second micro structure 35, which is formed on a bottom face of the light guide plate 3 of the present invention, is capable of preventing a total reflection from being happened on the curved face of the light guide portion 351, so as to overcome a drawback of the prior are that light exit from and form line light on a top area of the light guide portion 351. Therefore, light exited from the light guide potion 351 of the present invention is evenly distributed on the light guide plate 3. Therefore, the problem of bright lines in the prior art can be solved and the evenness of the light guide plate 3 can be enhanced.
Two different geometrical micro structures are designed on an optical material with high transparence in order to form a light guide plate having composite functions. The light guide plate, which is capable of diffusing and collecting light (providing diffusion and collection functions), is highly controllable and can take place of both conventional light collection piece and conventional diffusion piece for providing brightness and evenness effect. Moreover, such the curved and parallel design of the micro structure can avoid morie problems, and the micro structure of the light guide plate can be used in a back light unit to increase light efficiency, simplify the structure and reduce the cost.
Accordingly, the light guide plate and the back light unit having the light guide plate which have a tunable composite optical effect with light collection and diffusion functions can not only solve the problem of bright lines, but also solve the morie problems of the prior art.
Meanwhile, the back light unit having the light guide plate 3 in the present invention can be used in combination with an optical film. For example, as shown in
The difference of the light guide plate between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that, the first micro structure of the second embodiment has at least a light diffusion and collection composite portion, in instead of the light diffusion portions and the light collection portions, which are comprised in the light guide plate of the first embodiment.
As shown in
In the second embodiment, the first micro structure 33 has a plurality of curvedly extended light diffusion and collection composite portions 335 parallel to each other. Each of the light diffusion and collection composite portions 335 has an arc-shaped face 3351 and an inverted V-shaped face 3353 formed on the arc-shaped face 3351. The curvature radius of the arc-shaped face 3351 preferably ranges between 1 μm and 500 μm, and the vertex angle of the inverted V-shaped face 3353 preferably ranges between 30 degrees and 140 degrees. However, they are not limited thereto.
Certainly, the parallel light diffusion and collection composite portions 335 are curvedly extended with constant bend mentioned in the above embodiment, and the light diffusion and collection composite portion is curvedly extended along a direction parallel and/or perpendicular to the first optical face 311. Meanwhile, the proportion between light collection intensity and diffusion intensity of the first micro structure 33 in accordance with different product demands can be regulated by properly selecting the curvature radii of the arc-shaped face 3351, the vertex angles of the inverted V-shaped face 3353, the height of the arc-shaped face 3351 and the inverted V-shaped face 3353, and a refractive index of the first micro structure 33.
The difference between the third embodiment and the above embodiment is that the first micro structure has a plurality of light diffusion and collection composite portions and light collection portions parallel to each other.
Referring to
It should be understood, the light diffusion and collection composite portions 335 and the light collection portions 333 are interlacedly installed in parallel to each other in equal proportions in this embodiment, but they may also be interlacedly installed in parallel to each other in unequal proportions in other embodiments. Meanwhile, the light diffusion and collection composite portions 335 and light collection portions 333 are parallel to each other with curved extensions, and the curved extensions of the light diffusion and collection composite portion 335 and the light collection portion 333 are curvedly extended along a direction in parallel and/or perpendicular to the first optical face 311. Moreover, the parallel light diffusion and collection composite portions 335 and light collection portions 333 can be curvedly extended with constant bend. Furthermore, the space number between the light diffusion and collection composite portions 335 and the light collection portions 333 spatially parallel to each other in equal proportions is not limited to two in this embodiment.
The difference between the fourth embodiment and the third embodiment is that the first micro structure has a plurality of light diffusion and collection composite portions and light diffusion portions parallel to each other.
Referring to
The difference between the fifth embodiment and the above embodiment is that the first micro structure comprises a plurality of light diffusion portions, light collection portions and light diffusion and collection composite portions, all of which are installed in parallel to each other.
Referring to
Certainly, the light diffusion portions 331, the light collection portions 333 and the light diffusion and collection composite portions 335 are installed interlacedly to each other with curved extensions, and the curved extensions are curvedly extended along a direction parallel and/or perpendicular to the first optical face 311. Moreover, the light diffusion portions 331, the light collection portions 333 and the light diffusion and collection composite portions 335 can be curved extensions with constant bend. However, they are not limited thereto.
The difference between the sixth embodiment and the above embodiment is that the first micro structure comprises at least a light diffusion and collection composite portion. A first side of the light diffusion and collection composite portion has an arc-shaped face, and a second side adjacent to the arc-shaped face has an inverted V-shaped face.
Referring to
As shown in
As shown in
Accordingly, the proportion between light collection intensity and diffusion intensity of the light guide plate and the back light unit in accordance with different product demands can be regulated by properly selecting the vertex angle a, the curvature radius r, the vertical height h, the material for the light guide plate 3′ (the refractive index) and the space number of the light diffusion and collection composite portions 335′.
Certainly, variations of the light guide plate in accordance with different demands can be provided besides the above-mentioned embodiments according to the present invention. For example, the first micro structure 33′ of the sixth embodiment may have a smaller angle and a larger curvature radius. Meanwhile, the back light unit may include two interlaced and serried light guide plates, wherein the light guide plates may be one or two types mentioned in the above embodiments.
Furthermore, variations can be replaced between the above embodiments. For example, the light diffusion portion 331 and the light collection portion 333 from the first embodiment to the fourth embodiment may have a curved extension parallel to the first optical face and a curved extension perpendicular to the first optical face. It should be understood to those in the art that more than two interlaced and serried light guide plates can be selected to be formed on the back light unit.
The light guide plate of the present invention comprises a transparent substrate having a first optical face and a second optical face; a first micro structure and a second micro structure respectively corresponding to the first optical face and the second optical face, wherein the first micro structure has a tunable composite optical effect with light collection and diffusion functions so as to increase brightness and evenness of exit light; and the second micro structure has a design of curved face for destroying total reflection of light, such that bright lines can be effectively prevented from occurrence by avoiding light outputting from the direction over against the first optical face. Certainly, when the light guide plate of the present invention is used in a back light unit, the exit light brightness and evenness of the back light unit can be enhanced and bright lines can be avoided.
The foregoing descriptions of the detailed embodiments are only illustrated to disclose the features and functions of the present invention and not restrictive of the scope of the present invention. It should be understood to those in the art that all modifications and variations according to the spirit and principle in the disclosure of the present invention should fall within the scope of the appended claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 094129633 | Aug 2005 | TW | national |
