1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to light scanning apparatuses including a light source that emits a plurality of light beams for exposure of a photosensitive member, and image forming apparatuses including the light scanning apparatus.
2. Description of the Related Art
Conventionally known image forming apparatuses are configured to deflect a light beam emitted from a light source by a rotary polygon mirror and scan a photosensitive member with the light beam deflected by the rotary polygon mirror to form an electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive member. Such an image forming apparatus is provided with an optical sensor to detect a light beam deflected by the rotary polygon mirror. The optical sensor generates a synchronization signal, based on which a light beam is emitted from the light source, thus bringing starting positions of electrostatic latent images (images) into coincidence with each other in the scanning direction (main scanning direction) of the light beam on the photosensitive member.
For a higher image forming speed and higher resolution of images, a known image forming apparatus includes a light source in which a plurality of light emitting elements each emitting a light beam are arranged as shown in
As the light source rotates in the direction of the arrow shown in
In the aforementioned assembly process, the angle (adjustment amount) to rotate the light source is different for each imaging forming apparatus because the light source may be differently mounted in different image forming apparatuses or optical members such as lenses and mirrors have different optical properties. This means that a plurality of image forming apparatuses have different intervals between light emitting elements in X-axis direction after the rotation adjustment of their light sources. In that case, when the emission timings of light beams from the light emitting elements are uniformly set for all image forming apparatuses based on the synchronization signal generated by the optical sensor, then some of the imaging forming apparatuses may have a starting position of an electrostatic latent image displaced in the main scanning direction.
In order to suppress such displacement of the starting position of an electrostatic latent image in the main scanning direction due to the rotation of the light source in the assembly process, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-89695 discloses an image forming apparatus including a first light emitting element and a second light emitting element, each of which emits a light beam. A plurality of horizontal synchronization signals are generated based on the light beams emitted, and based on a difference in generation timing between the plurality of horizontal synchronization signals, an emission timing of a light beam from the second light emitting element is set with reference to the emission timing of a light beam from the first light emitting element.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-48085 discloses a light scanning apparatus including a lens made of resin as an fθ lens and including an optical sensor to receive a light beam passing through a light-gathering lens (BD lens) different from the fθ lens, thus generating a synchronization signal.
The BD lens of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-48085 made of resin similarly to the fθ lens leads to the following problem. A BD lens has a property of refracting a light beam in the direction corresponding to the main scanning direction. As the temperature inside the light scanning apparatus increases due to the rotation of the rotary polygon mirror, the property of the BD lens to refract a light beam changes, resulting in the possibility of changing a generating timing of a horizontal synchronization signal. In the case of the image forming apparatus disclosed by Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-89695, detected generating timings of the plurality of horizontal synchronization signals are affected by the change in properties of the BD lens, so that the difference in generation timing between the plurality of horizontal synchronization signals will change and thus accuracy to correct the starting position of an electrostatic latent image will deteriorate.
In view of the aforementioned problems, a light scanning apparatus of the present invention includes a light source including a plurality of light emitting elements arranged therein, the plurality of light emitting elements emitting a plurality of light beams for exposure of a rotary-driven photosensitive member at different positions in a rotational direction, emission timings of the plurality of light beams from the plurality of light emitting elements being controlled on a basis of a synchronization signal. The light scanning apparatus includes: a deflection unit that deflects the plurality of light beams for scanning the photosensitive member; a first lens made of resin receiving the plurality of light beams deflected by the deflection unit as incident light and refracting the incident plurality of light beams in a scanning direction where the plurality of light beams scan the photosensitive member; a second lens made of glass disposed on an optical path of a light beam so as to receive the light beam deflected by the deflection unit as incident light, the second lens refracting the incident light beam in a direction corresponding to the scanning direction; and a light receiving element that receives a light beam passing through the second lens and generates the synchronization signal.
Further features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail in accordance with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to
The image forming units 101Y, 101M, 101C and 101Bk include, as a photosensitive member, photosensitive drums 102Y, 102M, 102C and 102Bk, respectively. Around the photosensitive drums 102Y, 102M, 102C and 102Bk are provided charging devices 103Y, 103M, 103C and 103Bk, light scanning apparatuses 104Y, 104M, 104C and 104Bk and developing devices 105Y, 105M, 105C and 105Bk, respectively. Around photosensitive drums 102Y, 102M, 102C and 102Bk are further arranged drum cleaning devices 106Y, 106M, 106C and 106Bk, respectively.
Below the photosensitive drums 102Y, 102M, 102C and 102Bk is provided an intermediate transfer belt 107 in an endless belt form. The intermediate transfer belt 107 is laid across in a tensioned state on a driving roller 108 and idle rollers 109 and 110, and the intermediate transfer belt 107 rotates in the direction of arrow B in the drawing during image formation. At positions opposed to the photosensitive drums 102Y, 102M, 102C and 102Bk via the intermediate transfer belt 107 (intermediate transfer member) are provided first transfer devices 111Y, 111M, 111C and 111Bk, respectively.
The image forming apparatus 100 of the present embodiment further includes a second transfer device 112 to transfer a toner image on the intermediate transfer belt 107 to a recording medium S and a fixing device 113 to fix the toner image on the recording medium S.
The following describes image forming process by the thus configured image forming apparatus 100, including charging process to developing process. Since each image forming unit performs the same image forming process, the image forming process is described by way of an example of the image forming unit 101Y, and the descriptions on the image forming process by the image forming units 101M, 101C and 101Bk are omitted.
Firstly, the charging device of the image forming unit 101Y charges the photosensitive drum 102Y that is rotary driven. The charged photosensitive drum 102Y (image bearing member) is exposed to laser light emitted from the light scanning apparatus 104Y. Thereby, an electrostatic latent image is formed on the rotating photosensitive member. Thereafter, the electrostatic latent image is developed by the developing device 105Y as a yellow toner image.
The following describes the image forming process at the transferring process or later by way of an example of the image forming units. The first transfer devices 111Y, 111M, 111C and 111Bk apply transfer bias to the transfer belt, whereby toner images in yellow, magenta, cyan and black formed on the photosensitive drums 102Y, 102M, 102C and 102Bk of the image forming units are transferred to the intermediate transfer belt 107. Thereby, toner images in respective colors are overlaid on the intermediate transfer belt 107.
After transferring the four-colored toner image on the intermediate transfer belt 107, the four-colored image transferred to the intermediate transfer belt 107 is transferred again (second-transfer) by the second transfer device 112 to a recording medium S that is conveyed to the second transfer part T2 from a manually feeding cassette 114 or from a sheet supplying cassette 115. Then, the toner image on the recording medium S is fixed by heat at the fixing device 113, and the sheet is discharged to a discharging unit 116, thus obtaining a full-color image on the recording medium S.
After finishing the transferring, the remaining toner on the photosensitive drums 102Y, 102M, 102C and 102Bk are removed by the drum cleaning devices 106Y, 106M, 106C and 106Bk, respectively, and thereafter the above image forming process is continuously performed.
Referring next to
The first fθ lens 204 and the fθ lens 207 are optical components to convert laser light deflected by the rotary polygon mirror 202 into scanning light scanning the photosensitive member at a uniform speed. At least one of the first fθ lens 204 and the fθ lens 207 has a refractive power (property) to refract incident laser light in the main scanning direction. In the present embodiment, both of the first fθ lens 204 and the fθ lens 207 have a refractive power to refract incident laser light in the main scanning direction. Further, at least one of the first fθ lens 204 and the fθ lens 207 may be a lens made of resin. In the present embodiment, both of the first fθ lens 204 and the fθ lens 207 are made of resin.
The light scanning apparatus 104 of the present embodiment includes a beam splitter 210 as a light beam separation unit. The beam splitter 210 is disposed on an optical path of laser light emitted from the optical unit 201 and directed to the rotary polygon mirror 202. In the present embodiment, the beam splitter 210 is disposed between the optical unit 201 and the rotary polygon mirror 202. Laser light incident on the beam splitter 210 is separated into first laser light (first laser beam) as transmission light and second laser light (second laser beam) as reflection light.
The beam splitter 210 has an incident face (the face on the optical unit 201 side) through which laser light enters, provided with coating (film) to have certain reflectivity (transmissivity). An emission face through the first laser light emits (the face on the rotary polygon mirror 202 side) has a slight angular difference from the incident face so that, even when internal reflection of the laser light occurs at the emission face, the laser light internally reflected can be guided in a direction different from the second laser light reflected from the incident face. That is, the incident face and the emission face are not in parallel with each other.
The first laser light is deflected by the rotary polygon mirror 202 and is guided to the photosensitive drum as stated above. The second laser light passes through a light-gathering lens 215 shown in
The light scanning apparatus 104 in the present embodiment further includes a beam detector 212 (hereinafter called BD 212) that generates a synchronization signal to decide an emission timing of laser light based on image data on the photosensitive drum. As shown in
As shown in
The optical unit 201 includes a semiconductor laser 302 (e.g., a vertical cavity surface emitting laser) as a light source emitting laser light (light beam) and an electrical board 303 (hereinafter called a board 303) to drive the semiconductor laser 302. Hereinafter, the semiconductor laser 302 is called a VCSEL 302 for description. As shown in
A laser holder 301 is provided with a barrel 304, and at a tip end of the barrel 304 is attached a collimator lens 305. The collimator lens 305 converts laser light (diverging light) emitted from the VCSEL 302 into parallel light. The mounting position of the collimator lens 305 to the laser holder 301 is adjusted using a special jig during assembly of the light scanning apparatus 104 while detecting the irradiation position and focusing of the laser light emitted from the VCSEL 302. The installation position of the collimator lens 305 is decided, followed by bonding the collimator lens 305 to the laser holder 301 for fixing by irradiation of a UV curable adhesive applied between the collimator lens 305 and the barrel 304 with UV rays. The VCSEL 302 is electrically connected to the board 303, so that the VCSEL 302 emits lase light in response to a driving signal supplied from the board 303.
The following describes a method of fixing the board 303 with the VCSEL 302 mounted thereon to the laser holder 301, with reference to
To assemble the optical unit, the board supporting member 307 is firstly fixed to the laser holder 301 with the screws 308. Next, the VCSEL 302 mounted on the board 303 is allowed to abut with an abutting part not shown provided at the laser holder 301. There is space between the board supporting member 307 and the board 303. Next, the screws 309 are fastened, thus elastically deforming the board supporting member 307 into a bow shape that is convex toward the laser holder 301. The ability to recover of the board supporting member 307 elastically deformed makes the board 303 abut against the abutting part, whereby the VCSEL 302 is fixed to the laser holder 301.
The VCSEL 302 has a chip face, on which a plurality of light emitting elements are arranged in an array form as shown in
D1 in
D2 in
An interval between light emitting elements in Y-axis direction Py=D2/N−1 may be an interval corresponding to the resolution of the image forming apparatus (e.g., in the case of 1,200 dpi, about 21 μm), which is a value set by rotary adjustment of the light source 201 during assembly process so that an interval between image-forming positions of adjacent laser light in the vertical scanning direction on the photosensitive member corresponds to predetermined resolution. An interval between light emitting elements in X-axis direction Px=D1/N−1 is a value uniquely decided by the adjustment of light emitting elements in Y-axis direction to be Py. A timing when laser light is allowed to emit from each light emitting element after the generation of a synchronization signal by the BD 212 is set for the light emitting element using a predetermined jig during assembly process, and such a timing is stored as an initial value in a memory described later. This initial value is in association with Px.
The motor 203 is provided with a speed sensor not illustrated, the speed sensor being of a FG type (frequency generator type) that generates a frequency signal proportional to the rotation speed. The motor 203 outputs, to the CPU 601, a FG signal of a frequency corresponding to the rotation speed of the polygon mirror 202. The CPU 601 includes the counter 602 therein that is a counting unit, and the counter 602 counts clock signals input to the CPU 601. The CPU 601 measures the generation cycle of the FG signal on the basis of the count value by the counter 602, and when the generation cycle of the FG signal is within a predetermined cycle, the CPU 601 determines that the rotation speed of the polygon mirror 202 reaches a predetermined speed.
The CPU 601 receives a BD signal output from the BD 212. On the basis of the BD signal received, the CPU 601 transmits, to the laser driver 603, a control signal to control an emission timing of the laser light from the light emitting elements 1 to N. The laser driver 603 receives image data output from the image processing unit 605. The laser driver 603 supplies driving current based on image data to the light emitting elements at a timing based on the control signal transmitted from the CPU 601.
As shown in
During image formation, when the image-forming positions S1 to Sn keep their relative positional relationship constant, the starting positions of images can be made coincident by controlling the emission timing of laser light from the light emitting elements on the basis of the fixed setting value set for each light emitting element. However, temperature rise at the light source due to emission of laser light therefrom may cause fluctuations in wavelength of laser light emitted from the light emitting elements. Additionally, the temperature of the motor 203 may rise due to the rotation of the polygon mirror 202, and heat therefrom may cause a change of optical properties of the scanning lens. Such fluctuations in wavelength of laser light and a change in optical properties of the scanning lens may lead to change of the optical path of the laser light emitted from each light emitting element, thus changing the relative positional relationship among the image-forming positions S1 to Sn as shown in
Thus, the image forming apparatus of the present embodiment is configured to generate two BD signals from laser light L1 emitted from the light emitting element 1 and laser light Ln emitted from the light emitting element N. The CPU 601 controls a relative emission timing of laser light for a plurality of light emitting elements on the basis of a difference in generation timing (detection timing difference) between the two BD signals. The following describes this in detail.
In one scanning cycle of the laser light, the CPU 601 firstly controls the laser driver 603 so as to let the light emitting element 1 and the light emitting element N emit laser light. As a result, as shown in
The memory 606 stores count values C1 through Cn corresponding to reference count value data Cref and Cref. The reference count value data Cref is reference data (predetermined data) corresponding to a generation timing difference Tref of a plurality of BD signals generated at any timing. Assume here that Cref is a generation timing difference of a plurality of BD signals generated in the initial state. Each of the count values C1 to Cn is a count value (starting timing data) to bring the starting positions by the light emitting elements into coincidence with each other in the main scanning direction when the generation timing difference of the generated plurality of BD signals is Tref. The count values C1 to Cn corresponds to T1 to Tn in
The CPU 601 compares the count value Ca corresponding to the generation timing difference DT1 between the BD signal 701 and the BD signal 702 with Cref. When a result of the comparison is Ca=Cref, the CPU 601 turns the light emitting element 1 on in response to the count value of the CLK signal after generation of the BD signal 701 reaching C1 (after a lapse of T1). That is, as shown in
In the present embodiment, a laser light emission timing of each light emitting element is controlled with reference to a BD signal generated by the laser light L1. Alternatively, a laser light emission timing of each light emitting element may be controlled with reference to a BD signal generated by the laser light Ln. Still alternatively, a laser light emission timing of each light emitting element may be controlled with reference to any timing decided on the basis of a plurality of BD signals generated by the laser light L1 and the laser light Ln.
The following describes a method of deciding Cref. Firstly during the adjustment at the factory, the polygon mirror 202 is rotary-driven to let laser light L1 and laser light Ln enter the BD 212 in the state where the light source is at a reference temperature (e.g., 25° C.). Then, a difference in detection timing DTref between a BD signal generated by the laser light L1 and a BD signal generated by the laser light Ln is input to a measuring device. The measuring device is configured to receive a CLK signal from the clock signal generation unit 604 and convert the detection timing difference DTref into a count value. The measuring device decides this count value as Cref, and stores the count value in the memory 606.
During the adjustment, a light receiving device is disposed at a position corresponding to the starting position of a latent image on the photosensitive drum, and thus the light receiving device receives laser light L1 and Ln deflected by the polygon mirror 202. The light receiving device transmits, to the measuring device, light receiving signals indicating light receiving timing of the laser light L1 and light receiving timing of the laser light Ln. The measuring device converts a difference in generation timing between the BD signal generated by the laser light L1 and the light receiving signal generated by the light receiving device receiving the laser light L1 into a count value. This count value is C1, and the measuring devices stores this count value in the memory in association with Cref. On the other hand, the measuring device converts a difference in generation timing between the BD signal generated by the laser light L1 and the light receiving signal generated by the light receiving device receiving the laser light Ln into a count value. This count value is Cn, and the measuring devices stores this count value in the memory in association with Cref. The measuring device performs this processing to each light emitting element and stores C1 to Cn in the memory.
The memory may store C1 and Cn, and does not have to store starting timing data by a light emitting element M (light emitting element 2 to light emitting element N−1) located between the light emitting element 1 and the light emitting element N in X-axis direction of
Cm=(Cn−C1)×(m−1)/(n−1)+C1=C1×(n−m)/(n−1)+Cn×(m−1)/(n−1) Equation 1.
For instance, when the light source 201 includes four light emitting elements 1 to 4, the CPU 601 calculates starting timing data C2 and C3 by the light emitting elements 2 and 3 using the following Equations.
C2=C1+(C4−C1)×⅓=C1×⅔+C4×⅓ Equation 2
C3=C1+(C4−C1)×⅔=C1×⅓+C4×⅔ Equation 3
The following describes the case of a generation timing difference DT2 between a BD signal 703 and a BD signal 704. As shown in
C′n=Cn×K(Cref−C′1) (K is any coefficient including 1) Equation 4
In response to the count value of the counter 602 after generation of the BD signal 703 reaching the thus corrected starting timing data C′n, the CPU 601 turns the light emitting element N on. Regardless of a change of a generation timing difference of BD signals, the image formed by the light emitting element 1 and the image formed by the light emitting element N can be brought into coincidence with each other in the starting position in the main scanning direction.
Herein, the coefficient K is a coefficient that is to be multiplied to the variation (Cref−C′1) of time interval on the BD, which is determined by optical properties of the first fθ lens 204, the fθ lens 207 and the BD lens 214 provided at the light scanning apparatus.
Referring to
The BD lens 214 includes the lens 502 made of glass (second lens) and a lens 501 made of resin (third lens). The lens 502 has a refractive power to refract laser light incident on the lens 502 in X-axis direction. The lens 501 has a refractive power to refract laser light incident on the lens 501 in Y-axis direction. The lens 501 is a lens not having a refractive power to refract laser light incident on the lens 501 in X-axis direction. Laser light passing through the BD lens 214 enters the BD 212. The refractive power refers to light-gathering ability to gather laser light.
The lens 501 includes a holding part 503 to hold the lens 502 and a transmission part 504 to let a light beam pass therethrough. As shown in
A lens made of glass has a property that changes less than a lens made of resin due to heat. This means that, even when the internal temperature of the optical box rises due to the motor 203 driving the rotary polygon mirror 202, the refractive power of the lens 502 in X-axis direction changes less than that of a lens made of resin. The image forming apparatus of the present embodiment is configured to turn a plurality of light emitting elements on to generate a plurality of BD signals and control an emission timing of laser light from each light emitting element on the basis of a generation timing difference between the plurality of BD signals. To ensure the accuracy of this control, it is desirable to use the configuration where the refracting direction in X-axis direction of laser light passing through the BD lens 214 is less affected by the BD lens 214 and by the internal temperature of the optical box 200. To this end, the image forming apparatus of the present embodiment uses a lens made of glass as the lens 502 making up the BD lens 214 having a refractive power to refract light in X-axis direction.
Meanwhile, in order to reduce the cost, the first fθ lens 204 and the fθ lens 207 are made of resin. This configuration, however, leads to a problem as shown in
Referring next to
At Step S802, when it is determined that the rotation speed of the polygon mirror 202 reaches the predetermined rotation speed, the CPU 601 turns the light emitting element 1 on (Step S804). Subsequently, the CPU 601 determines whether laser light L1 emitted from the light emitting element 1 generates a BD signal or not (Step S805). When it is determined at Step S805 that the laser light L1 does not generate a BD signal, the CPU 601 returns the control to Step S805 until the generation of a BD signal is detected. On the other hand, when it is determined at Step S805 that the laser light L1 generates a BD signal, the CPU 601 makes a counter start counting a CLK signal in response to the generation of the BD signal (Step S806).
Subsequent to Step S805, the CPU 601 turns the light emitting element 1 off (Step S807), and turns the light emitting element N on (Step S808). Subsequently, the CPU 601 determines whether laser light Ln emitted from the light emitting element N generates a BD signal or not (Step S809). When it is determined at Step S809 that the laser light Ln does not generate a BD signal, the CPU 601 returns the control to Step S809 until the generation of a BD signal is detected. On the other hand, when it is determined at Step S809 that the laser light Ln generates a BD signal, the CPU 601 samples a count value of a CLK signal by the counter 602 in response to the generation of the BD signal (Step S810), and at the subsequent Step S811, the CPU 601 turns the light emitting element N off.
Following Step S811, the CPU 601 compares the sampled count value C with Cref and determines whether C=Cref or not (Step S812), and when it is determined that C=Cref, the CPU 601 sets emission timings of laser light corresponding to the light emitting elements with reference to the BD signal generated by the laser light L1 at C1 to Cn (Step S813). On the other hand, when it is determined at Step S812 that C≠Cref, the CPU 601 calculates Ccor=C−Cref (Step S814), and sets, based on the Ccor, emission timings of laser light corresponding to the light emitting elements with reference to the BD signal generated by the laser light L1 at C′1 to C′n (Step S815).
Following Step S813 or Step S815, the CPU 601 lets the light source emit laser light based on the image data in accordance with the emission timing of laser light set by each step, thus exposing the photosensitive drum to the light (Step S816). Following Step S816, the CPU 601 determines whether image forming is finished or not (Step S817). When it is determined that image forming is not finished, the CPU 601 returns the control to the Step S804. On the other hand, when it is determined at Step S817 that image forming is finished, the CPU 601 ends the control.
As described above, the image forming apparatus of the present embodiment includes a lens made of glass having a refractive power in the direction corresponding to the main scanning direction as at least a part of the BD lens 214. The thus configured image forming apparatus of the present embodiment makes the optical path of the laser light passing through the BD 212 less susceptible to a temperature change as compared with a BD lens made of resin having a refractive power in the direction corresponding to the main scanning direction.
According to the present invention, a synchronization signal is generated on the basis of a light beam passing through a second lens made of glass having a refractive power in the direction corresponding to the main scanning direction. As such, a variation of generation timing of the synchronization signal due to a variation of properties of the second lens can be suppressed. Especially using a lens made of glass as the second lens as in the present embodiment, a variation in generation timing difference of synchronization signal among a plurality of synchronization signals generated by a plurality of light beams can be suppressed as compared with the configuration including a lens made of resin as the second lens.
While the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. The scope of the following claims is to be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and equivalent structures and functions.
This application claims the benefit of Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-100971, filed on Apr. 26, 2012, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
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