Patent Application
20120327380
The present invention relates to a light source apparatus. Specifically it relates to a light source apparatus used for a projector apparatus.
In general, there are projector apparatuses using a liquid crystal (LCD) panel and projector apparatuses using a DLP (Registered Trademark). As the LCD panel projector apparatuses, there are one sheet type LCD panel projector apparatuses and three sheet type. In either type, light emitted from a light source is divided into three colors (RGB). The divided light beams correspond to image information and are adjusted in and passed through the LCD panel, after which the three light beams transmitted through the panel are synthesized and projected onto a screen. On the other hand, in the DLP type projector, a spatial modulation element (which is also called an optical modulation device and which comprises, for example, a DMD element) is irradiated with radiation light from a light source in a time dividing manner through a rotary filter that has been divided into RGB areas, and specific light is reflected with this DMD element so that a screen is irradiated therewith. The DMD element has the structure in which millions of small mirrors, each of which corresponds to a pixel, are laid, and projection of light is controlled by controlling the direction of each small mirror. Since an optical system of the DLP type is simple compared with the LCD type and it is not necessary to use three LCD panels, there is an advantage that the apparatus thereof is small-sized and simplified as a whole.
On the other hand, a short arc type mercury lamp, which has high vapor pressure, is used as a light source of such a projector apparatus. This is because high output light in a visible wavelength range can be obtained by such a lamp whose mercury vapor pressure is high. Moreover, this short arc type mercury lamp is installed in a concave reflection mirror in the shape of an ellipsoid of revolution, in order to make bright an image which is projected on a screen. This is because light, which is emitted in all directions from the short arc type mercury lamp, is condensed by using a concave reflection mirror, and the limited area of the screen can be efficiently irradiated with the light.
In recent years, in order that, for example, a projector apparatus used for a presentation may be easily carried, the reduction in size and weight of the apparatus is strongly demanded. If the miniaturization of such a projector apparatus is required, naturally, a miniaturization of a light source apparatus comprising a short arc type mercury lamp, a concave reflection mirror, etc., which are installed in the projector apparatus, is required. On the other hand, of course, even if the size and shape thereof is restricted, the usage efficiency of light emitted from the short arc type mercury lamp cannot be reduced.
However, in such a light source apparatus of the related art, because a loss occurs when the light which enters the sub-reflection mirror 30 is reflected, and a loss is also produced when the reflected light passes through between the electrodes of the light emission section 11, it is more difficult to obtain sufficient brightness as such a miniaturization is achieved, compared with a light source apparatus, which is made up of only a main concave reflection mirror of which the miniaturization is not demanded.
Patent document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. H11-64795
It is an object of the present invention to offer a light source apparatus, which meets a demand for a miniaturization thereof while radiation light of a short arc type mercury lamp can be efficiently used.
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a light source apparatus according to the present invention, comprises: a short arc type mercury lamp, which is made up of a light emission section including a pair of electrodes, and sealing portions provided at both ends of the light emission section, wherein an arc direction and an optical axis of the short arc type mercury lamp coincide with each other; a main reflection mirror, which has a face in shape of an ellipsoid of revolution and which is arranged so as to surround the short arc type mercury lamp in a state where a primary focal point thereof is formed approximately between the electrodes; and a sub-reflection mirror, which is arranged so as to surround an opening of the main reflection mirror, and which reflects, toward the main reflection mirror again, light directly emitted from the short arc type mercury lamp to a side of the opening of the main reflection mirror, an opening being formed in the sub-reflection mirror, through which light reflected by the main reflection mirror passes, wherein, the main reflection mirror reflects ultraviolet light and visible light in light emitted from the short arc type mercury lamp and transmits infrared light therein, wherein the sub-reflection mirror reflects ultraviolet light and visible light contained in the light emitted from the short arc type mercury lamp, and wherein a wavelength selective optical element, which transmits visible light and reflects ultraviolet light contained in the light reflected by the main reflection mirror, is arranged between a second focal point position of the main reflection mirror and the sub-reflection mirror.
The light source apparatus is characterized by the sub-reflection mirror transmitting infrared light in the light, which is emitted from the short arc type mercury lamp.
The light source apparatus is characterized by the sub-reflection mirror made from aluminium material.
The light source apparatus is characterized by the wavelength selective optical element having an incidence plane, which is formed so that the light emitted from the main reflection mirror is vertically incident thereon, wherein a film is formed on the incidence plane and transmits visible light and reflects ultraviolet light.
The light source apparatus is characterized by the incidence plane of the wavelength selective optical element being flat, and the wavelength selective optical element having a film, which transmits visible light and reflects ultraviolet light, on the incidence plane.
The light source apparatus is characterized by the sub-reflection mirror formed of a spherical reflection mirror.
The light source apparatus is characterized by the diameter of the opening of the main reflection mirror and the diameter of the opening of the sub-reflection mirror on an incidence side coinciding with each other. The light source apparatus is characterized by the diameter of the opening of the sub-reflection mirror on the incidence side being larger than the diameter of the opening of the main reflection mirror.
The light source apparatus is characterized by the opening of the sub-reflection mirror on the incidence side being continuously formed to the opening of the main reflection mirror, and a relation of 30 degrees≦X≦90 degrees being satisfied, wherein, on a cross section of the main reflection mirror, taken along a plane containing the optical axis thereof, an angle formed by the optical axis of the main reflection mirror and a virtual line drawn towards a boundary part of the sub-reflection mirror and the main reflection mirror from the center between the electrodes, is represented as X.
The light source apparatus is characterized by a projection being formed at the tip of the electrode of the short arc type mercury lamp.
A projector according to the present invention has the above-mentioned light source apparatus.
The present invention has advantageous effects set forth below. (1) Since ultraviolet light in light emitted from the short arc type mercury lamp return to the light emission section of the short arc type mercury lamp, it is possible to raise light emission of the short arc type mercury lamp. This is because the light emission section thereof is maintained at high temperature as a whole, when the ultraviolet light is absorbed by mercury steam within the lamp. (2) Although there is a problem that the electrodes become locally high in temperature and are worn out when visible light in the light emitted from the short arc type mercury lamp, directly returns to the lamp, in the present invention, it has a function of heating mercury steam in an arc as in the ultraviolet light, so that there is an effect in which light emission of the short arc type mercury lamp is raised. Furthermore, since part of visible light, which returns to the short arc type mercury lamp, heats the mercury steam which is lower in temperature than that of the arc portion, and which exists on the container wall of the light emission section of the short arc type mercury lamp and near the container wall of the light emission section, there is an effect in which light emission of the short arc type mercury lamp is raised.
a)-(c) are explanatory cross sectional views, respectively showing an example of a wavelength selective optical element according to an embodiment.
A light source apparatus according to the present invention comprises: a main reflection mirror; a sub-reflection mirror arranged on a side of an opening of the main reflection mirror; and a wavelength selective optical element, which is arranged on the optical axis on a side of the sub-reflection mirror, wherein the light source apparatus is configured so that ultraviolet light contained in light emitted from a short arc mercury lamp, is confined in an area surrounded by the wavelength selective optical element and the reflection mirrors, so that the ultraviolet light may not be emitted to the outside of the wavelength selective optical element. That is, this light source apparatus is configured so that the main reflection mirror reflects ultraviolet light and visible light, and transmits infrared light contained in light that is emitted from the short arc type mercury lamp, and so that the wavelength selective optical element, which transmits visible light and reflects ultraviolet light contained in the light reflected by the main reflection mirror, is arranged between the second focal point of the main reflection mirror and the sub-reflection mirror. Concrete configuration thereof is explained referring to figures.
The short arc type mercury lamp 10 has the light emission section 11 whose shape is approximately spherical, and sealing portions 12a and 12b, which are respectively formed at both ends of the light emission section 11, wherein one of the sealing portions 12a is attached to a neck portion (top part) 24 of the main reflection mirror 20. A heat resistant adhesive agent 25 etc. is used in order to fix the short arc type mercury lamp 10 to the main reflection mirror 20, and both of them may be directly attached to each other, as shown in the figure. When a cap (reflector base) (not shown in the figure), which is a separate component, is used, the short arc type mercury lamp 10 may be attached to the cap, and the cap may be fixed to the main reflection mirror 20 and a hole through which a cooling air passes can be also provided in the cap.
A reflection portion 22 of the main reflection mirror 20 has a face in the shape of an ellipsoid of revolution, and has a concave shape as a whole. While borosilicate glass, which is heat resistant glass, is used as base material 21 of the main reflection mirror 20, an interference film, which reflects visible light (VIS) and ultraviolet light (UV), and transmits infrared light (IR), is formed on an inner face thereof. Specifically, provided in the interference film, are a film, which is formed by laminating titania (TiO2) and silica (SiO2) by turns on the base material as a first layer, and a film, which is formed by laminating hafnia (HfO2) and magnesium fluoride (MgF) by turns thereon as a second layer. Thereby, ultraviolet light with wavelength of 300 nm-400 nm can be reflected on the first layer, and visible light with wavelength of 400 nm-700 nm can be reflected on the second layer.
The sub-reflection mirror 30 is attached to the main reflection mirror 20 by a dedicated metallic member such as a heat resistant silicone adhesive and stainless steel material in a state where the opening thereof on the incidence side is connected to the opening of the main reflection mirror 20. In the wake of the light emission section 11 of the short arc type mercury lamp, an inner face of the sub-reflection mirror 30 is formed so as to have a spherical face, so that light that enters the reflective face may be reflected back toward the lamp along the same path on which the light had traveled to the sub-reflection mirror 30. Since the sub-reflection mirror 30 is provided at a position where a separation distance from the light emission section 11 thereto is large so that an influence of high temperature of the short arc type mercury lamp is small, resin, metal, etc. can be used as the base material 31 in addition to glass. The interference film 32, which reflects visible light (VIS) and ultraviolet light (UV) and transmits infrared light (IR), is formed on the inner face of the sub-reflection mirror 30. Specifically, the interference film is formed of a film, which is formed by laminating tantalum (TiO2) and silica (SiO2) by turns on the base material as a first layer, and a film, which is formed by laminating hafnia (HfO2) and magnesium fluoride (MgF) by turns thereon as a second layer. Thereby, ultraviolet light with wavelength of 300 nm-400 nm can be reflected on the first layer, and visible light with wavelength of 400 nm-700 nm can be reflected on the second layer. Of course, the interference film is not limited to the above and it is possible to choose other combinations.
In the above, the diameter of the opening of the main reflection mirror 20 and the diameter of the opening of the sub-reflection mirror 30 approximately coincide with each other desirably. This is because when the diameter of the opening of the main reflection mirror 20 and that of the sub-reflection mirror 30 approximately coincide with each other, it is possible to minimize a maximum outer diameter of the light source apparatus.
A wavelength selective optical element 40 is arranged on a front side of the main reflection mirror 20. The wavelength selective optical element 40 in this example is made up of two lenses 41 and 42. An incidence face of the lens 41 has at least a convex face (a face having a shape where the central part thereof is projected in the same direction (on the left hand side in the figure) as that of the main reflection mirror 20), and has a curved surface so that light beams emitted from the main reflection mirror 20 may enter the incidence face thereof at a right angle. Specifically, as shown in the figure, it is a single lens or cemented lens, whose incidence face is convex and whose light emitting face opposite thereto is concave, and the so-called meniscus lens is desirably used. The traveling direction of light is controlled and adjusted by the lens 42, which forms the wavelength selective optical element 40, on the light emitting side.
The lenses 41 and 42, which form the wavelength selective optical element 40, are attached to a lens holding member (not shown), and this lens holding member is attached to an optical unit (not shown). The lenses 41 and 42 have such a size (outer diameter) that all light from the main reflection mirror 20 may be received, and are arranged at a position where all the light from the main reflection mirror 20 is received. For example, borosilicate glass (for example, TEMPAX; Trademark), which is hard glass, is used as base material of the lens 41, and the lens 41 has an interference film 43, which transmits visible light (VIS) and reflects ultraviolet light (UV), on a surface (incidence plane) of the main reflection mirror 20 side thereof. Specifically, the interference film 43 is made up of a film formed by laminating by turns hafnia (HfO2) and magnesium fluoride (MgF) on the base material. Thereby, ultraviolet light having wavelength of 300 nm-400 nm can be reflected, and visible light having wavelength of 400 nm-700 nm can be passed through. The antireflection coating (AR coating), which is not shown, is applied to a surface (emitting face), which is on a side opposite to that of the main reflector 20 of the lenses 41 and 42. This is to prevent visible light which has passed through the lenses 41 and 42 from being reflected again. And a projector is configured by arranging a liquid crystal panel or a rotation color filter for DLP on a front side of the wavelength selective optical element 40 with respect to a light traveling direction.
According to the above structure of the light source apparatus of the present application invention, it is possible to emit only visible light (VIS) to the outside of the light source apparatus. The ultraviolet light (UV) again returns to the light emission section 11 of the short arc type mercury lamp, and is absorbed by mercury steam in the lamp, so that the temperature of the light emission section is raised, and activation thereof is carried out.
In
As the rare gas, argon gas is enclosed at pressure of, for example, approximately 13 kPa. A function thereof is to improve the initialization of light emission. Iodine, bromine, chlorine, etc. are enclosed as a halogen in the form of compounds with mercury or another metal. The enclosed amount of halogen is selected from a range of 5×10−5-7×10−3 μmol/mm3. Although a function of the halogen is to extend a life span of the lamp by using the so-called halogen cycle, there is also a function of preventing devitrification of the electric discharge container, in the case where the discharge lamp is very small and the lighting vapor pressure thereof is very high as in the high pressure discharge lamp of the present invention. If the numerical example of the short arc type mercury lamp is shown, for example, the maximum outer diameter of the light emission section 11 is 9.5 mm, the distance between the electrodes is 1.5 mm, and the internal volume of the light emission section is 75 mm3, rated voltage applied thereto is 70 V, and rated power applied thereto is 200 W, and it is AC-lighted at 350 Hz.
Moreover, this kind of short arc type mercury lamp is built in a projector apparatus to be miniaturized, wherein while a severe miniaturization is required in an overall dimension, high intensity of light emission is also required. For this reason, the thermal influence on the light emission section becomes very severe. A bulb wall load value of the short arc type mercury lamp becomes 0.8-2.0 W/mm2, specifically, 1.5 W/mm2. By having such high mercury vapor pressure and bulb wall load value, when it is installed in an apparatus for presentation such as a projector apparatus or an overhead projector, it is possible to provide light with good color rendering properties. In addition, the lighting of the short arc type mercury lamp is not limited to alternating current lighting, but may be direct current lighting.
As in
In the light source apparatus according to the present invention, the main reflection mirror 20, the sub-reflection mirror 30, and the wavelength selective optical element 40 are not specifically limited to the above embodiments, as long as they reflect/transmit the radiation light from the short arc type mercury lamp. However, it is desirable to use members, which are excellent in heat resistance and strength resistance nature from a viewpoint of being used in a projector apparatus. Specifically, borosilicate glass, silica glass, etc. is used as the base material of the main reflector 20, and metal material such as aluminium can be used for the sub-reflection mirror 30 in addition to materials used as the main reflector 20. The reason why heat resistance is required is that the main reflector 20 reaches a high temperature of approximately 400° C. at time of lamp lighting, and the reason why the strength resistance nature is required, is so that the reflection mirrors are not damaged even if the short arc type mercury lamp is damaged during lighting, and the fragments of the short arc type mercury lamp, etc. may be certainly prevented from scattering.
The wavelength selective optical element 40 is desirably separated from the front opening of the sub-reflection mirror 30. In such a structure, it is possible to blow a cooling wind towards the sealing portions 12b of the short arc type mercury lamp 10. Moreover, although it is also possible to attach glass etc. to the front opening of the main reflector 20, that function can be given to the lens 41 or 42 which forms the wavelength selective optical element 40, so that much more miniaturization is attained.
According to the light source apparatus of the present invention, which has the structure for reflecting ultraviolet light having wavelength of 380 nm-400 nm, as to the main reflector 20, the sub-reflection mirror 30, and the lens 41, it was confirmed that optical power was improved by 7% in the structure shown in
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2010-047569 | Mar 2010 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2011/054865 | 3/3/2011 | WO | 00 | 9/4/2012 |
