The present invention relates to a light source device for an endoscope.
Examples of a light source device for an endoscope in the related art include a projection optical system disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, First Publication No. 2016-191888. The projection optical system disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, First Publication No. 2016-191888 includes a laser light source, a light guide, a rod, and a micro-prism array. A laser beam emitted from the laser light source is incident on a fiber bundle, is incident on the rod via a cover glass, and is incident on the micro-prism array. An object surface is irradiated with light emitted from the micro-prism array.
A light source device for an endoscope according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes a plurality of excitation laser light sources, a first condensing optical system that is formed of a plurality of optical systems condensing excitation light generated from the plurality of excitation laser light sources, a plurality of first optical fiber bundles on which the excitation light condensed by the plurality of optical systems is incident, an illumination light source that generates white light, a second condensing optical system that condenses the white light emitted from the illumination light source, a second optical fiber bundle on which the light emitted from the illumination light source and condensed by the second condensing optical system is incident, and a first glass rod of which a first end surface is connected to emission end surfaces of the first and second optical fiber bundles. First emission ends of the first optical fiber bundles and a second emission end of the second optical fiber bundle are bundled. A connecting portion of an illumination optical system of an endoscope is provided on a second end surface of the first glass rod opposite to the first end surface.
A light source device for an endoscope according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to
The endoscope 100 is, for example, a device that is used to observe and treat the inside of the body of a patient lying on an operating table. As shown in
A treatment tool insertion opening 100a is formed on a proximal end side of the insertion part 101. The treatment tool insertion opening 100a is connected to a proximal end portion of a treatment tool insertion channel (not shown) in the insertion part 101.
The treatment tool insertion opening 100a is an insertion opening through which a treatment tool (not shown) for an endoscope is to be inserted into the treatment tool insertion channel.
The operation part 102 receives an operation for the endoscope 100. The universal cord 103 connects the endoscope 100 and the light source device 1 for an endoscope according to the present embodiment.
A distal end of the insertion part 101 of the endoscope 100 is provided with an illumination optical system (not shown) on which light emitted from the light source device 1 for an endoscope is incident and an imaging unit 104.
The light source device 1 for an endoscope includes an excitation laser light source 10, a first condensing optical system 11, a first optical fiber bundle 12, an illumination light source 20, a second condensing optical system 21, a second optical fiber bundle 22, and a glass rod (first glass rod) 30.
The excitation laser light source 10 excites a photoreactive reagent. The excitation laser light source 10 includes a first LD 10A, a second LD 10B, and a third LD 10C.
The first LD 10A has an intensity in a blue light region and excites a predetermined biological material included in biological tissue. Specifically, the first LD 10A is adapted to generate light having an intensity in a wavelength range of, for example, 380 nm to 488 nm.
The second LD 10B is adapted to generate light having an intensity in a wavelength range of, for example, 488 nm to 680 nm.
The third LD 10C is adapted to generate red light having an intensity in a red light region. Specifically, the third LD 10C is adapted to generate light having an intensity in a wavelength range of, for example, 680 nm to 780 nm.
The wavelength range of the light emitted from the excitation laser light source 10 is merely an example.
The first condensing optical system 11 includes a first condenser lens (optical system) 11A that condenses excitation light generated from the first LD 10A, a second condenser lens (optical system) 11B that condenses excitation light generated from the second LD 10B, and a third condenser lens (optical system) 11C that condenses excitation light generated from the third LD 10C.
The first optical fiber bundle 12 includes on which the excitation light condensed by the first condenser lens 11A is incident, a second fiber 12B on which the excitation light condensed by the second condenser lens 11B is incident, and a third fiber 12C on which the excitation light condensed by the third condenser lens 11C is incident.
The illumination light source 20 is a white light source that emits white light. For example, a white LED, a white LD, a halogen lamp, a xenon lamp, or the like is used as the white light source. In the present embodiment, a white LED is used as the illumination light source 20.
The second condensing optical system 21 is formed of a condenser lens that condenses white light emitted from the illumination light source 20.
White light, which is emitted from the illumination light source 20 and is condensed by the second condensing optical system 21, is incident on the second optical fiber bundle 22.
In the present embodiment, each of the first fiber 12A, the second fiber 12B, the third fiber 12C, and the second optical fiber bundle 22 is a multi-core optical fiber.
Each of the first fiber 12A, the second fiber 12B, the third fiber 12C, and the second optical fiber bundle 22 may be formed of a single-core optical fiber.
Further, an outer peripheral surface of each of the first fiber 12A, the second fiber 12B, the third fiber 12C, and the second optical fiber bundle 22 is coated with a sheath to be kept watertight.
In the present embodiment, a laser is used as the excitation laser light source 10 and an LED is used as the illumination light source 20. For this reason, a spot diameter of light emitted from the illumination light source 20 is larger than a spot diameter of light emitted from the excitation laser light source 10. In order to make the light emitted from the illumination light source 20 be incident on the fiber without waste, an outer diameter of the second optical fiber bundle 22 is adapted to be larger than an outer diameter of the first optical fiber bundle 12.
Further, the first condensing optical system 11 and the second condensing optical system 21 are magnification optical systems in the present embodiment. At least the second condensing optical system 21 of the first condensing optical system 11 and the second condensing optical system 21 may be a magnification optical system.
As shown in
The first optical fiber bundle 12 and the second optical fiber bundle 22 are disposed such that an emission end surface 12a of the first fiber 12A, an emission end surface 12b of the second fiber 12B, an emission end surface 12c of the third fiber 12C, and an emission end surface 22a of the second optical fiber bundle 22 are flush with each other.
An incident end surface (first end surface) 30a of the glass rod is provided in contact with the respective emission end surfaces 12a to 12c of the first optical fiber bundle 12 and the emission end surface 22a of the second optical fiber bundle 22. Since the optical fiber bundles 12 and 22 are in contact with the glass rod 30, light emitted from the first optical fiber bundle 12 and the second optical fiber bundle 22 can be efficiently guided to the glass rod 30.
The glass rod 30 may be disposed on an emission end side of the first optical fiber bundle 12 and on an emission end side of the second optical fiber bundle 22 to have a gap between an incident end surface 30a of the glass rod 30 and the respective emission end surfaces 12a to 12c of the first optical fiber bundle 12 and the emission end surface 22a of the second optical fiber bundle 22.
An emission end surface (second end surface) 30b of the glass rod 30 is connected to a connecting portion (not shown) of an illumination optical system provided in the universal cord 103 of the endoscope 100.
The shape of the glass rod is the shape of a square prism in the present embodiment. As shown in
Next, the relationship between the length of one side of the glass rod and the emission end surface of an emission end of the fiber will be described with reference to
The length of one side of the glass rod is denoted by L1, and the diameter of an emission end surface 32a of the fiber 32 is denoted by L2. The relationship between the length L1 of one side of the glass rod and the diameter L2 of the emission end surface 32a is such that the diameter L2 of the emission end surface 32a is within a range larger or smaller than the length L1 of one side of the glass rod 30 by 10%.
First, a case where the diameter L2 of the emission end surface 32a is smaller than the length L1 of one side of the glass rod 30 by 10% will be described with reference to
As the length L1 of one side of the glass rod 30 is made smaller than the diameter L2 of the emission end surface 32a, the light transmission efficiency of the glass rod 30 is reduced.
For example, in a case where the diameter L2 of the emission end surface 32a is 3.0 mm, the length L1 of one side of the glass rod 30 is 2.7 mm. In the case of this configuration, the emission end surface 32a protrudes from the incident end surface 30a of the glass rod 30 as shown in
Next, a case where the diameter L2 of the emission end surface 32a is larger than the length L1 of one side of the glass rod 30 by 10% will be described with reference to
For example, in a case where the diameter L2 of the emission end surface 32a is 3.0 mm, the length L1 of one side of the glass rod 30 is 3.3 mm. In the case of this configuration, the incident end surface 30a of the glass rod 30 covers the entire emission end surface 32a of the fiber 32 as shown in
Here, generally, in order to reduce the unevenness of illumination emitted from the glass rod 30, it is preferable that the number of times of reflection of light in the glass rod 30 is 3 or more. In order to reflect light in the glass rod 30 three times, a length L3 of the glass rod 30 in the longitudinal direction needs to be 28.43 mm in a case where the length L1 of one side of the glass rod 30 is 3.3 mm.
Here, in order to reflect light in the glass rod 30 three times, the length L3 of the glass rod 30 needs to be about 25.84 mm in a case where the length L1 of one side of the glass rod is 3.0 mm.
That is, an increase in the length in a case where the length L1 of one side of the glass rod is 3.3 mm can be kept within 10% of the length in a case where the length L1 is 3.0 mm. Accordingly, it is possible to achieve a small size of the device while suppressing the unevenness of illumination.
From the above description, in a case where the length of one side of the glass rod 30 is increased, the length L3 of the glass rod 30 needs to be increased in order to ensure the number of times (three times) of reflection of light in the glass rod 30. However, in a case where the diameter L2 of the emission end surface 32a is larger than the length L1 of one side of the glass rod 30 by 10% as an upper limit, an increase in the length L3 of the glass rod 30 can be kept within 10%.
In the present embodiment, the incident end surface 30a of the glass rod 30 is adapted to cover the entire emission end surface 32a of the fiber 32 as shown in
Next, the relationship between the size of the illumination light source 20 and an outer diameter of an incident end surface 22b of the second optical fiber bundle 22 will be described.
First, an etendue will be described.
In a case where an object is illuminated with light, which is emitted from a light source, via a lens, a trade-off relationship in which NA is increased in a case where a light spot of illumination light is to be reduced in size and a light spot is increased in size in a case where NA of illumination light is to be reduced is satisfied. In order to consider this trade-off relationship, the concept of “etendue” is introduced in the present invention.
An etendue is a physical quantity that is a product of a solid angle and an area. In a case where illumination light emitted from a light-emitting surface of the illumination light source 20 is condensed onto the second condensing optical system 21 and incident on a light-receiving surface (the incident end surface 22b of the second optical fiber bundle 22) as shown in
Further, the following equation (2) needs to be satisfied as a condition in which light emitted from the illumination light source 20 is efficiently used without waste.
Here, since the etendue of the illumination light source (LED) 20 is larger than the etendue of the excitation laser light source (LD) 10, it is desirable to increase an outer diameter of the fiber corresponding to the illumination light source 20, that is, the second optical fiber bundle 22. It is necessary to design the size of the light-emitting surface of the illumination light source 20 and the outer diameter of the incident end surface 22b of the second optical fiber bundle 22 such that light emitted from the illumination light source 20 is efficiently incident on the second optical fiber bundle 22.
First, assuming that the endoscope 100 is inserted into a human body, the diameter L2 of the fiber 32 is set to a maximum of 5 mm.
The relationship between the diameter of the second optical fiber bundle 22 in a case where the size of the illumination light source (LED) 20 is 2 mm×2 mm and an etendue is shown in
Here, the relationship between the diameter of the second optical fiber bundle 22 in a case where the illumination light source 20 is in direct contact with the incident end surface 22b of the second optical fiber bundle 22 and an etendue is shown in
In the present embodiment, the second optical fiber bundle 22 is a magnification optical system. Accordingly, as shown by a solid line in
The diameter of the second optical fiber bundle 22 is 2.4 mm at an intersection between the solid line and the one-dot chain line.
Accordingly, in a case where the size of the illumination light source (LED) 20 is 2 mm×2 mm, it is preferable that the diameter of the second optical fiber bundle 22 is set to 2.4 mm or more and 5.0 mm or less.
Next, the relationship between the diameter of the second optical fiber bundle 22 in a case where the size of the illumination light source (LED) 20 is 2.25 mm×2.25 mm and an etendue is shown in
In a case where the illumination light source 20 is in direct contact with the incident end surface 22b of the second optical fiber bundle 22, an etendue has a constant value (etendue: 6).
As shown in
Accordingly, in a case where the size of the illumination light source (LED) 20 is 2.25 mm×2.25 mm, it is preferable that the diameter of the second optical fiber bundle 22 is set to 2.6 mm or more and 5.0 mm or less.
Next, the relationship between the diameter of the second optical fiber bundle 22 in a case where the size of the illumination light source (LED) 20 is 2.5 mm×2.5 mm and an etendue is shown in
In a case where the illumination light source 20 is in direct contact with the incident end surface 22b of the second optical fiber bundle 22, an etendue has a constant value (etendue: 7).
As shown in
Accordingly, in a case where the size of the illumination light source (LED) 20 is 2.5 mm×2.5 mm, it is preferable that the diameter of the second optical fiber bundle 22 is set to 2.9 mm or more and 5.0 mm or less.
Next, the relationship between the diameter of the second optical fiber bundle 22 in a case where the size of the illumination light source (LED) 20 is 3.0 mm×3.0 mm and an etendue is shown in
In a case where the illumination light source 20 is in direct contact with the incident end surface 22b of the second optical fiber bundle 22, an etendue has a constant value (etendue: 10).
As shown in
Accordingly, in a case where the size of the illumination light source (LED) 20 is 3.0 mm×3.0 mm, it is preferable that the diameter of the second optical fiber bundle 22 is set to 3.4 mm or more and 5.0 mm or less.
It is possible to improve a coupling effect from the second condensing optical system 21 to the second optical fiber bundle 22 by setting the diameter of the second optical fiber bundle 22 in consideration of an etendue as described above.
From the above description, in the present embodiment, light emitted from the illumination light source 20 is made to be incident on the second optical fiber bundle 22 by the second condensing optical system 21. Accordingly, since light emitted from the illumination light source 20 can be efficiently taken into the second optical fiber bundle 22, illumination light to be emitted from the glass rod 30 can be made uniform.
The shape of a cross-section of the glass rod 30 orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the glass rod 30 has been a square shape, but may be a rectangular shape. In a case where the shape of the cross-section of the glass rod 30 is a rectangular shape, it is preferable that a difference between a long side and a short side is not large. In addition, the shape of the cross-section of the glass rod 30 orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the glass rod 30 may be a polygonal shape (for example, a pentagonal shape, a hexagonal shape, or the like).
Further, the first condensing optical system 11 and the second condensing optical system 21 have been described as magnification optical systems, but may not be magnification optical systems.
Next, a modification example of the present disclosure will be described, and the basic configuration of the modification example is the same as that of the above-mentioned embodiment. Accordingly, the same components as those of the above-mentioned embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals as the reference numerals of the above-mentioned embodiment and the description thereof will be omitted, and only differences between the modification example and the above-mentioned embodiment will be described.
As shown in
The glass rod 40a is provided in contact with the incident end surface 12Aa of a first fiber 12A. The glass rod 40b is provided in contact with the incident end surface 12Ba of a second fiber 12B. The glass rod 40c is provided in contact with the incident end surface 12Ca of a third fiber 12C.
Further, the glass rod 41 is provided in contact with the incident end surface 22b of the second optical fiber bundle 22.
The action of the glass rods 40a to 40c and 41 will be described.
Light emitted from an excitation laser light source 10 is condensed by a first condensing optical system 11, is incident on the glass rods 40a to 40c, and is guided through the glass rods 40a to 40c. Light, which is guided while being reflected in the glass rods 40a to 40c, is uniformized and is incident on the first optical fiber bundle 12.
Further, light emitted from the illumination light source 20 is condensed by a second condensing optical system 21, incident on the glass rod 41, and is guided through the glass rod 41. Light, which is guided while being reflected in the glass rod 41, is uniformized and is incident on the second optical fiber bundle 22.
Since the glass rods 40a to 40c and 41 are provided, the uniformized light is incident on the optical fiber bundles 12 and 22. As a result, loads on the optical fiber bundles 12 and 22 can be reduced.
The glass rods 40a to 40c have been provided on the incident end surfaces 12Aa to 12Ca of the fibers 12A to 12C, respectively, and the glass rod 41 has been provided on the incident end surface 22b of the second optical fiber bundle 22. However, the glass rods 40a to 40c may be provided at least only on the incident end surfaces 12Aa to 12Ca of the fibers 12A to 12C.
The embodiment and the modification example of the present disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the drawings. However, a specific configuration is not limited to the embodiment, and the present disclosure also includes a design change and the like without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In addition, the components shown in the embodiment and the modification example described above can be appropriately combined.