Claims
- 1. A linear copolymer comprising a fluorocarbon repeat unit and a hydrocarbon repeat unit, said fluorocarbon repeat unit being selected from the group consisting of tetrafluoroethylene, trifluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, vinylidene fluoride, and vinyl fluoride and said hydrocarbon repeat unit being selected from the group consisting of vinyl acetate, vinyl alcohol, acrylic acid, acrylates and methacrylates.
- 2. The linear copolymer according to claim 1 wherein said fluorocarbon repeat unit is tetrafluoroethylene and said hydrocarbon repeat unit is vinyl acetate.
- 3. The linear copolymer according to claim 2 has a composition in a range from about 7 mol % to about 71 mol % tetrafluoroethylene.
- 4. The linear copolymer according to claim 1 wherein said fluorocarbon repeat unit is chlorotrifluoroethylene and said hydrocarbon repeat unit is vinyl acetate.
- 5. The linear copolymer according to claim 4 having a composition in a range from about 16 mol % to about 51 mol % chlorotrifluoroethylene.
- 6. The linear copolymer according to claim 1 wherein said fluorocarbon repeat unit is vinylidene fluoride and said hydrocarbon repeat unit is vinyl acetate.
- 7. The linear copolymer according to claim 1 wherein said fluorocarbon repeat unit is tetrafluoroethylene and said hydrocarbon repeat unit is acrylic acid.
- 8. The linear copolymer according to claim 1 wherein said fluorocarbon repeat unit is tetrafluoroethylene and said hydrocarbon repeat unit is tertiary butyl acrylate.
- 9. The linear copolymer according to claim 1 wherein said fluorocarbon repeat unit is tetrafluoroethylene and said hydrocarbon repeat unit is ethyl acrylate.
- 10. The linear copolymer according to claim 1 wherein said fluorocarbon repeat unit is tetrafluoroethylene and said hydrocarbon repeat unit is vinyl alcohol.
- 11. The linear copolymer according to claim 10 having a composition in a range from about 7 mol % to about 71 mol % tetrafluoroethylene.
- 12. The linear copolymer according to claim 1 wherein said fluorocarbon repeat unit is chlorotrifluoroethylene and said hydrocarbon repeat unit is vinyl alcohol.
- 13. The linear copolymer according to claim 12 having a composition in a range from about 16 mol % to about 51 mol % chlorotrifluoroethylene.
- 14. The linear copolymer according to claim 1 wherein said fluorocarbon repeat unit is vinylidine fluoride and said hydrocarbon repeat unit is vinyl alcohol.
- 15. A linear terpolymer comprising tetrafluoroethylene, vinyl alcohol and vinyl acetate repeat units.
- 16. A linear terpolymer comprising chlorotrifluoroethylene, vinyl alcohol and vinyl acetate repeat units.
- 17. A linear terpolymer comprising vinylidine fluoride, vinyl alcohol and vinyl acetate repeat units.
- 18. A linear terpolymer comprising tetrafluoroethylene, isopropyl acrylate and acrylic acid repeat units.
- 19. A linear terpolymer comprising tetrafluoroethylene, isopropyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate repeat units.
- 20. A linear copolymer comprising fluorocarbon monomers and hydrocarbon monomers, said fluorocarbon monomers having a formula CF2═CR1 R2, wherein C is carbon, F is fluorine, R1 is one of hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, aryl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, haloaryl and wherein R2 is one of hydrogen and halogen, said hydrocarbon monomers having a formula CH2═CR3CO2R4, wherein R3 is one of hydrogen and an alkyl, and R4 is one of hydrogen, an alkyl group and a haloalkyl group.
- 21. The linear copolymer according to claim 20 wherein R4 is one of an alkyl group and a haloalkyl group trans-esterified to ester groups, CO2R5, where R5 is a different group such as alkyl or haloalkyl.
- 22. The linear copolymer according to claim 20 wherein R4 is one of an alkyl group and a haloalkyl group that is hydrolyzed to carboxylic acid or salt.
- 23. A linear copolymer comprising fluorocarbon monomers and hydrocarbon monomers, fluorocarbon monomers having a formula, CF2═CR1 R2, wherein C is carbon, F is fluorine, R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, aryl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, haloaryl and R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, said hydrocarbon monomers having a formula, CH2═CR3OC(O)R4 wherein R3 is one of hydrogen and alkyl, and R4 is an alkyl group.
- 24. A method of synthesizing a linear copolymer comprising fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon repeat units, the method comprising mixing a fluorocarbon monomer, an initiator, a hydrocarbon monomer and a polymerization medium comprising liquid or supercritical carbon dioxide and copolymerizing said fluorocarbon monomer and said hydrocarbon monomer.
- 25. The method according to claim 24 including an oligomeric nonionic surfactant in said mixture.
- 26. The method according to claim 24 wherein said fluorocarbon monomers are selected from the group consisting of tetrafluoroethylene, trifluoroethylene, vinylidene fluoride, chlorotrifluoroethylene, and vinyl fluoride, and wherein said hydrocarbon monomers are selected from the group consisting of vinyl acetate, acrylic acid, acrylates and methacrylates.
- 27. The method according to claim 25 wherein said oligomeric nonionic surfactant includes a CO2 phobic portion and a CO2 philic portion.
- 28. The method according to claim 25 wherein said oligomeric nonionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of low molar mass, oligomeric, block copolymer materials.
- 29. The method according to claim 28 wherein said oligomeric nonionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of Fluorad™ FC-171 and FC-170C.
- 30. The method according to claim 28 wherein said oligomeric nonionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of Zonyl™ FSO-100 and FSN-100.
- 31. The method according to claim 24 wherein said initiator is diethyl peroxydicarbonate.
- 32. The method according to claim 24 wherein the predominantly linear copolymers have a blocky structure.
- 33. The method according to claim 25 wherein said fluorocarbon monomers are selected from the group consisting of tetrafluoroethylene, trifluoroethylene, vinylidene fluoride, chlorotrifluoroethylene, and vinyl fluoride, and wherein said hydrocarbon monomers are selected from the group consisting of vinyl acetate, acrylic acid, acrylates and methacrylates.
- 34. The method according to claim 26 wherein said oligomeric nonionic surfactant includes a CO2 phobic portion and a CO2 philic portion.
- 35. The method according to claim 26 wherein said oligomeric nonionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of low molar mass, oligomeric, block copolymer materials.
- 36. A method of synthesizing linear terpolymers, comprising; providing a linear copolymer comprising fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon monomers;
hydrolyzing said linear copolymer in an effective acid medium; and collecting a linear terpolymer produced by said acid hydrolysis.
- 37. The method according to claim 36 wherein said fluorocarbon monomers are selected from the group consisting of tetrafluoroethylene, trifluoroethylene, vinylidene fluoride, chlorotrifluoroethylene, and vinyl fluoride, and wherein said hydrocarbon monomers are selected from the group consisting of vinyl acetate, acrylates and methacrylates.
- 38. The method according to claim 26 wherein said fluorocarbon repeat unit is tetrafluoroethylene and said hydrocarbon repeat unit is vinyl acetate, and wherein the tetrafluoroethylene monomer and the vinyl acetate monomer are each present in a range to give a final composition of the linear copolymer in a range from about 7 mol % to about 71 mol % tetrafluoroethylene.
- 39. The method according to claim 26 wherein said fluorocarbon repeat unit is chlorotrifluoroethylene and said hydrocarbon repeat unit is vinyl acetate, and wherein the tetrafluoroethylene monomer and the vinyl acetate monomer are each present in a range to give a final composition of the linear copolymer in a range from about 16 mol % to about 51 mol % chlorotrifluoroethylene.
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED UNITED STATES PATENT APPLICATION
[0001] This patent application relates to U.S. provisional patent application, Ser. No. 60/179,728, filed on Feb. 2, 2000, entitled LINEAR COPOLYMERS OF FLUOROCARBON-HYDROCARBON MONOMERS SYNTHESIZED IN CARBON DIOXIDE.
Provisional Applications (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
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60179728 |
Feb 2000 |
US |