The present disclosure relates to firearms and more particularly pertains to firearms having linear recoil movement of the barrel during firing.
Firearms such as center fire pistols often utilize a barrel and a slide for operation of the firearm, including the ejection of a spent cartridge casing from the firearm. Typically, these firearms operate with an “out of battery delay” during the recoil movement of the barrel and slide, and utilize a mechanical or gas-type delay to unlock the movement of the slide from the barrel.
A popular approach to unlocking the slide from the barrel during recoil movement utilizes a tilting barrel design, which has locking lugs on the barrel that engage locking lugs on the slide, and when the barrel is cammed or moved upward these lugs engage each other to create a locked breech. Under firing recoil movement, the slide and barrel are driven rearward and a lower pivot link of the barrel pulls the barrel away from the slide in a motion that tilts the muzzle end of the barrel upward and disengages the locking lugs of the barrel and slide to permit the slide to continue rearward movement to eject the spent casing. The tilting barrel design for producing the out-of-battery delay is by far the most common approach.
The current inventors have recognized that the tilting barrel approach has several shortcomings, including reduced accuracy due at least in part to the fact that, during recoil, the tilting movement of the barrel begins almost immediately. Since the sights of the firearm are located on the slide, any movement of the slide before the projectile leaves the barrel muzzle can cause problems with targeting accuracy. Further, the current inventors have realized that the tilting barrel approach can cause problems in the design and production of the firearm, as the compound tilting and shifting movement of the barrel from the locked position to the unlocked position can make it difficult to control the fit of the barrel to the slide.
Moreover, the current inventors recognized that the tilting motion of the barrel causes the cartridge to also move up and down across the breech face, which complicates the design and operation of the extractor since the extractor must remove the cartridge casing from the barrel chamber as the rim of the casing is moving downwardly, which ultimately affects the purchase that the extractor is able to achieve with the rim of the case. As a result, the location of the extractor is lower on the breech face which in turn complicates the loading movement of a cartridge from the magazine to the barrel chamber.
Therefore, there is a need to provide a firearm that provides alternative to the tilting barrel design to improve accuracy. In this regard, various embodiments of the present disclosure substantially fulfill at least some of these needs. In this respect, certain embodiments of the firearm or methods according to the present disclosure substantially departs from the conventional concepts and designs of the prior art, and in doing so provides an apparatus and method that provides a linear recoil movement of the barrel while still providing the desired out-of-battery delay, thereby improving accuracy, robustness, and reduction in complexity.
Certain aspects of the present disclosure relate to a firearm having a front and a rear, and the firearm may comprise a frame defining a guide rod chamber, and a slide mounted on the frame to move between a forward position and a rearward position. The slide may define a barrel channel, and have a forward boss and a rearward boss spaced from the forward boss to form a gap. The firearm may include a barrel having a bore and being at least partially positioned in the barrel channel of the slide and being movable between a forward position and a rearward position. The barrel may be confined to move between the forward and rearward positions along a linear path. The firearm may also include a locking member configured to lock movement of the slide with the barrel for at least a portion of rearward recoil movement of the barrel from the forward position of the barrel toward the rearward position of the barrel. The locking member may have an engaged condition in which the locking member locks the barrel and slide together and a disengaged condition in which the locking member releases the slide from the barrel during rearward recoil movement.
There has thus been outlined, rather broadly, some of the more important elements of the disclosure in order that the detailed description thereof that follows may be better understood, and in order that the present contribution to the art may be better appreciated. There are additional elements of the disclosure that will be described hereinafter and which will form the subject matter of the claims appended hereto.
In this respect, before explaining at least one embodiment or implementation in greater detail, it is to be understood that the scope of the disclosure is not limited in its application to the details of construction and to the arrangements of the components, as well as the particulars of the steps or actions, set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The disclosure is capable of other embodiments and implementations and is thus capable of being practiced and carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein are for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting.
As such, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the conception, upon which this disclosure is based, may readily be utilized as a basis for the designing of other structures, methods and systems for carrying out the several purposes of the present disclosure. It is important, therefore, that the claims be regarded as including such equivalent constructions insofar as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
The advantages of the various embodiments of the present disclosure, along with the various features of novelty that characterize the disclosure, are disclosed in the following descriptive matter and accompanying drawings.
The disclosure will be better understood and when consideration is given to the drawings and the detailed description which follows. Such description makes reference to the annexed drawings wherein:
Referring now to
The firearm 10 can include a frame 20, which can include a hand grip 22 for being gripped by the hand of the user during operation of the firearm. The frame can further include a guide rod chamber 24 which may be located toward the front 12 of the firearm.
The firearm 10 may also include a slide 30 which is generally slidably mounted on the frame 22 to move between a forward position in which the slide is oriented relatively closer to the front 12 of the firearm, and a rearward position in which the slide is oriented relatively closer to the rear 14 of the firearm. Generally the forward position of the slide corresponds to a pre-firing condition of the firearm, and the rearward position corresponds to the position of the slide after firing of the firearm but prior to subsequent forward movement of the slide back to the forward position. The slide 30 can include a front 32 generally oriented towards the front 12 of the firearm and a rear 34 generally oriented toward the rear 14 of the firearm. The slide 30 can include a barrel channel 36 which may extend from the front 32 of the slide rearwardly toward the rear 34 of the slide.
As particularly illustrated in
As particularly illustrated in
The barrel 50 may include a locking recess 56 which may be oriented toward the guide rod chamber 24 of the frame and located generally toward the muzzle end 52 of the barrel. The barrel may also include a stop recess 58 which also may be oriented toward the guide rod chamber 24 and may be located rearwardly of the locking recess 56 on the barrel. A barrel stop 60 may be configured to limit movement of the barrel during recoil movement of the barrel. The barrel stop 60 may extend into the stop recess 58 to define or set one or more of the positions of the barrel. In embodiments, the barrel stop 60 may be configured to set the limit of forward movement of the barrel, and thus the forward position of the barrel. In embodiments, the barrel stop 60 may be configured to set the limit of rearward (recoil) movement of the barrel, and thus the rearward position of the barrel. At the forward position of the barrel 50, the barrel stop 60 may engage a first end 62 of the stop recess, and at the rearward position of the barrel, the barrel stop may engage a second end 64 of the stop recess. The barrel stop may be mounted on and fixed to the frame 20 and in some embodiments may be formed by a barrel stop element 66 which is at least partially positioned in the guide rod chamber 24.
A first actuator assembly can be configured to actuate the locking member into a disengaged position. In embodiments, the first actuator assembly can include a guide rod 70 which may be configured to guide movement of the slide 30 for at least a portion of the movement of the slide between the forward and rearward positions of the slide. The guide rod 70 may be located in the guide rod chamber 24 and may also position the recoil spring in the chamber 24. The guide rod may have a fixed end 72 which is mounted on the frame 20 and may also have a free end 74 which is positioned in the rod chamber 24 forwardly of the fixed end 72. A further perspective view of the just the guide rod is illustrated in
A forward portion 76 of the guide rod may form a ram 78, which may extend through the aperture of at least one of the bosses 38, 40. In the illustrative embodiments, the ram 78 may be positioned in the aperture 45 of the rearward boss 40 when the slide 30 is in the forward position, and when the slide moves from the forward position toward the rearward position, the ram may move through the gap 42 and into the aperture 44 of the forward boss 38. The ram 78 may have a guide surface 80 extending from the free end 74 toward the fixed end, and may be oriented away from the barrel 50. In some embodiments, the guide surface 80 may form a ramp that is sloped to taper the thickness of the forward portion 76 of the guide rod which forms the ram. A spring 84 for biasing the slide 30 toward the forward position may be positioned in the guide rod chamber 24 and may be positioned on the guide rod 70. The spring 84 may engage the rearward boss 40 of the slide as the slide moves rearwardly from the forward position toward the rearward position.
A locking member 90 may be configured to lock movement of the slide with the barrel for a portion of the rearward recoil movement of the barrel upon firing of the firearm so that recoil movement of the barrel is transferred to the slide. The locking member 90 may have an engaged condition in which the locking member locks movement of the barrel and slide together, and a disengaged condition in which the locking member releases the slide from the barrel such that the slide may continue moving independently of the barrel even as the barrel discontinues rearward movement. The engaged condition of the locking member may correspond to an engaged position of the locking member (see, e.g.,
In the engaged condition, the locking member 90 may be movable by the barrel 50 from the forward position toward the rearward position such as when the barrel moves under recoil. The locking member 90 may be positioned in the gap 42 between the forward 38 and rearward 40 bosses of the slide 30 such that movement of the locking member may be transferred to the slide. For example, movement of the locking member from the forward position toward the rearward position (e.g., as a result of the recoil movement of the barrel) may cause movement of the slide from the forward position toward the rearward position. Also, movement of the slide from the rearward position toward the forward position (e.g., by the recoil spring 84) moves the locking member toward its forward position.
The locking member 90 may include a locking lug 92 which 5 generally extends toward the barrel 50 and may extend into the locking recess 56 of the locking member in the engaged condition of the member 90, and the lug 92 may be withdrawn from the locking recess of the locking member in the disengaged condition of the member 90. The locking lug 92 can have a close fit with the locking recess 56.
The locking member 90 may be moved by the ram 78 of the guide rod 70 between the engaged and disengaged positions, and in the direction substantially perpendicular to the firing axis 11. A passage 94 may extend through the locking member 90 for receiving the ram 78 of the rod 70 as the locking member moves from the forward position toward the rearward position. As particularly illustrated in
A deflecting element 102 may be configured to deflect the locking member 90 toward the engaged position as the locking member moves back toward the forward position. The deflecting element 102 may be positioned in the guide rod chamber 24 and may be positioned substantially opposite of the locking recess 56 of the barrel when the barrel is in, or close to, the forward position. The deflecting element may contact a surface on the locking member located on an opposite side of the locking member from the locking lug.
A barrel biasing element 104 may be configured to bias the barrel 50 into the barrel channel of the slide 30. Illustratively, the barrel biasing element 104 may include a ball bearing 106 which contacts in underside 108 of the barrel as the barrel moves between the forward and rearward positions. The ball bearing 106 may be at least partially located in a recess 110 in the frame 20 at a location adjacent to the barrel. The bearing 106 may rotate with respect to the frame as the underside of the barrel moves across the bearing. The barrel biasing element 104 may also include a biasing spring 112 positioned in the recess 110 which presses the bearing 106 against the underside of the barrel.
Referring now to
Referring to
As illustrated in
As illustrated in
Since the locking member 90 has been disengaged, the slide 30 can continue to move reward to full recoil as illustrated in
After full recoil, the slide 30 moves forward due to the tension of the compressed recoil spring (not shown) around the guide rod 70, applying pressure to the rearward boss 40 of the slide. The slide's movement continues until the slide projection 31 engages with the rear end 33 of barrel as illustrated in
Once intimate contact with the slide projection 31 and the rear end 33 of the barrel is made, both the slide 30 and the barrel continue moving forward together, and the barrel stop 60 disengages from the forward wall of the stop recess 56 as illustrated in
The locking member 90 continues its upward movement until the locking lug 92 is in full engagement with the front barrel lock recess 56 as illustrated in
The barrel and slide 30 continue to move forward until the rear wall of the stop recess 58 contacts the barrel stop 60 as illustrated in
The present disclosure is a departure from the state of the art and the applicants have discovered that the system described herein may provide a number of advantages. For example, embodiments of the present disclosure relate to firearms that utilizes a linear recoil movement of the barrel while still providing out-of-battery delay that was traditionally only possible with tilting barrel designs. One advantage includes improved targeting accuracy resulting from the linear movement of the barrel along the firing axis of the projectile which maintains the alignment of the aiming structures on the slide with the barrel through the recoil movement.
Another advantage includes the reduction in space required for the simplified linear movement of the barrel as compared to the space required for the compound tilt and shift movement of the barrel in the tilting barrel designs. Manufacturing of the firearm may be simplified due to the simplified linear movement employed which requires less mechanical complexity. The extraction of the cartridge casing from the breech end of the barrel may also be simplified since the casing is not moving downwardly during the extraction operation.
Further, the system may permit the use of a shorter barrel size than is otherwise possible with firearms utilizing a tilting barrel approach. The distance between the firing axis of the barrel and the user's hand grip may also be decreased to increase control of the recoil of the firearm.
It should be appreciated that in the foregoing description and appended claims, that the terms “substantially” and “approximately,” when used to modify another term, mean “for the most part” or “being largely but not wholly or completely that which is specified” by the modified term.
It should also be appreciated from the foregoing description that, except when mutually exclusive, the features of the various embodiments described herein may be combined with features of other embodiments as desired while remaining within the intended scope of the disclosure.
Further, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the steps shown in the drawing figures may be altered in a variety of ways. For example, the order of the steps may be rearranged, substeps may be performed in parallel, shown steps may be omitted, or other steps may be included, etc.
With respect to the above description then, it is to be realized that the optimum dimensional relationships for the parts of the disclosed embodiments and implementations, to include variations in size, materials, shape, form, function and manner of operation, assembly and use, are deemed readily apparent and obvious to one skilled in the art in light of the foregoing disclosure, and all equivalent relationships to those illustrated in the drawings and described in the specification are intended to be encompassed by the present disclosure.
Therefore, the foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles of the disclosure. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the disclosed subject matter to the exact construction and operation shown and described, and accordingly, all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to that fall within the scope of the claims.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/382,860 filed on Sep. 2, 2016, entitled “Linear Locking Barrel System for Firearm,” which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety for all that is taught and disclosed therein.
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Number | Date | Country |
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WO 2017182843 | Oct 2017 | WO |
Number | Date | Country | |
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20180066904 A1 | Mar 2018 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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62382860 | Sep 2016 | US |