In many well applications, a wellbore is drilled and a casing string is deployed along the wellbore. A liner hanger system may then be used to suspend liner/casing downhole within the casing string via a liner hanger. The liner hanger system may be a mechanically operated system or a hydraulically operated system. However, hydraulically operated systems generally have greater versatility and allow the liner to be rotated during running in hole. While running in hole, fluid is circulated downhole under pressure to facilitate deployment of the liner. However, circulating the fluid at higher flow rates can generate high circulating pressures which run the risk of prematurely setting the liner hanger and/or releasing a running tool used to deploy the liner hanger. Attempts have been made to restrict such premature actuation, but current systems can be complicated or may not render the liner hanger system immune from premature hydraulic actuation.
In general, a methodology and system are provided for reducing or eliminating the risk of premature actuation of a liner hanger system and/or premature release of a running tool. According to an embodiment, the technique utilizes a liner hanger system having a running string and a liner hanger assembly which may include a liner top packer assembly. The liner hanger assembly comprises a liner hanger which may be actuated at a desired location to suspend a liner/casing from a surrounding casing string. The liner hanger system utilizes an anti-preset module which may be used in cooperation with the liner hanger to prevent premature actuation of the liner hanger. By way of example, the anti-preset module may use pressure equalization between a region within the running string and a region between the running string and the liner hanger to prevent pressure imbalances which could actuate the liner hanger. Additionally, a locking mechanism, e.g. releasable dogs, may be used to temporarily lock the liner hanger against premature actuation. The anti-preset module may be used to avoid premature setting of the liner hanger, while pressure equalization inside and outside the hanger running tool, e.g. inside and outside a collet running tool, may be used to avoid premature release of the hanger running tool.
However, many modifications are possible without materially departing from the teachings of this disclosure. Accordingly, such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this disclosure as defined in the claims.
Certain embodiments of the disclosure will hereafter be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals denote like elements. It should be understood, however, that the accompanying figures illustrate the various implementations described herein and are not meant to limit the scope of various technologies described herein, and:
In the following description, numerous details are set forth to provide an understanding of some embodiments of the present disclosure. However, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the system and/or methodology may be practiced without these details and that numerous variations or modifications from the described embodiments may be possible.
The disclosure herein generally involves a methodology and system for reducing or eliminating the risk of premature actuation of a liner hanger system and/or premature release of a running tool. According to an embodiment, the technique utilizes a liner hanger system having a running string and a liner hanger assembly. The liner hanger assembly comprises a liner hanger which may be actuated at a desired location within a borehole, e.g. within a casing. The liner hanger assembly further comprises a liner/casing which may be suspended from a surrounding casing string via the liner hanger.
The liner hanger system utilizes an anti-preset module which may be used in cooperation with the liner hanger to prevent premature actuation of the liner hanger. Additionally, the system may utilize features to avoid premature release of the liner hanger running tool. By way of example, the anti-preset module may use pressure equalization between a region within the running string and a region between the running string and the liner hanger to prevent pressure imbalances which could actuate the liner hanger. Additionally, a locking mechanism, e.g. releasable dogs, may be used to temporarily lock the liner hanger against premature actuation. According to an embodiment, the anti-preset module may be used to avoid premature setting of the liner hanger, while pressure equalization inside and outside the hanger running tool, e.g. inside and outside a collet running tool, may be used to avoid premature release of the hanger running tool.
As described in greater detail below, the system helps enable circulation of fluids at relatively high rates and pressures during deployment of the liner and liner hanger. According to an embodiment, a running string extends into the liner hanger and liner in a manner which creates an inner pressure region within the running string and an intermediate pressure region between the running string and the liner hanger/liner. The configuration of the overall system allows pressure to substantially equalize within both regions. Additionally, the locking mechanism of the anti-preset module is used to mechanically lock the liner hanger against premature actuation. For example, the locking mechanism may be used to mechanically lock a hydraulic cylinder of the liner hanger in a run-in-hole position.
The liner hanger may be set by dropping a ball down through the running tool to a ball seat to thus enable creation of a pressure differential between the inner pressure region and the intermediate pressure region. By relatively increasing the pressure within the inner pressure region, the locking mechanism is released to enable actuation of the liner hanger. In some embodiments, a shear member, e.g. shear screws, also may be used so that pressuring up the running string initially shears the shear screws. Prior to dropping the ball, fluid circulation may be performed at desired rates within the system without risking premature shearing of the shear member or actuation of the liner hanger. Once the ball is dropped to temporarily plug the anti-preset module, however, a pressure differential can be created between the inner pressure region and the intermediate pressure region. The pressure differential may be continuous or established at different levels to achieve desired results, e.g. release of the locking mechanism to enable actuation of the liner hanger while also allowing release of the liner hanger running tool. By way of example, the pressure differential may be used to first set the liner hanger and to subsequently release the running string for removal.
Referring generally to
Depending on the parameters of a given operation, the liner hanger system 30 also may comprise other components/assemblies enabling interaction between the liner hanger assembly 36 and the running string 42. For example, the overall liner hanger system 30 may further comprise a pack off coupling section 46, a collet running tool (CRT) section 48, and a packer section 50. The packer section 50 may include a liner top packer assembly having a packer 52 which is part of or combined with the overall liner hanger assembly 36. In the illustrated example, the packer 52 is part of the liner hanger assembly 36 and is located below the collet running tool section 48 and above the liner hanger 40. The packer section 50 may have a variety of configurations and may comprise various slips, sealing elements, and other components to facilitate actuation and engagement with the surrounding casing 34.
In the illustrated example, the liner hanger 40 comprises various features such as a cone 54 having inclined surfaces which interact with slips 56. The slips 56 may be coupled with one or more hydraulic cylinders 58. Once the liner hanger 40 is released for actuation via the anti-preset module 44, pressure applied down through the running string 42 may be used to actuate at least one of the cylinders 58 so as to shift the slips 56 linearly with respect to the cone 54. This relative linear movement of the slips 56 against the sloped surfaces of cone 54 effectively forces the slips 56 in a radially outward direction and ultimately into secure engagement with the surrounding casing 34.
Referring generally to
As illustrated, the configuration provides an inner pressure region 74 within the running tool 60, e.g. within an internal passage 76 of the running tool 60, and an intermediate pressure region 78. The intermediate pressure region 78 is located between the running tool 60 and the liner hanger assembly 36. It should be noted the internal passage 76 extends down through the running tool 60 and enables circulation of fluids under relatively high pressure during running-in-hole. However, the internal passage 76 also effectively is in communication with the intermediate pressure region 78 located externally of the running tool 60 and within the liner hanger assembly 36. For example, the pressure regions 74, 78 may be in communication with each other around a bottom end of the running tool 68 and/or via suitably located ports. This allows the inner pressure region 74 to remain substantially pressure balanced with the intermediate pressure region 78 below pack off coupling 66 while running-in-hole. The pressure balancing helps reduce the chance of premature actuation of the liner hanger 40 and/or premature release of the running string 42 from the liner hanger assembly 36.
Referring generally to
However, once the inner pressure region 74 is blocked (e.g. by dropping a ball as explained in greater detail below), increased pressure may be applied along inner pressure region 74 relative to pressure region 78. This increased pressure acts on CRT piston 80 via passages 86. Sufficient pressure in inner pressure region 74 relative to intermediate pressure region 78 causes the CRT piston 80 to shift linearly along mandrel 64 (shift to the left in the example illustrated in
Referring generally to
The bypass module 90 comprises longitudinal passages 96 which extend in a generally axial direction past seals 94 so as to allow pressure equalization between the inner pressure region 74 and the overall intermediate pressure region 78 above and below seals 94. However, the bypass module 90 also comprises radially oriented ports or passages 98 extending between inner pressure region 74 and intermediate pressure region 78. As further illustrated in
With additional reference to
The module piston 104 may be connected with a lower sleeve 112 slidably connected and rotationally restricted via a pin or pins 114 slidably received in a corresponding slot or slots 116 formed along the exterior of mandrel 64. Similarly, the module piston 104 is illustrated as connected with an upper sleeve 118 slidably connected and rotationally restricted via a pin or pins 120 slidably received in a corresponding slot or slots 122.
In this embodiment, the anti-preset module 44 further comprises a locking mechanism 124 which locks the liner hanger 40 against actuation while, for exam-ple, running-in-hole. By way of example, the locking mechanism 124 may comprise a plurality of dogs 126 mounted in and retained in the liner hanger 40. For example, the dogs 126 may be mounted in corresponding recesses 128 formed along the exterior of tubular structure 92. The dogs 126 each include a base portion 130 which extends through a corresponding opening 132 formed radially through tubular structure 92 (see also
Prior to actuation of liner hanger 40, e.g. during running-in-hole, the base portion 130 of each dog 126 is in contact with an exterior surface of upper sleeve 118. The upper sleeve 118 holds each of the dogs 126 in a radially extended position and in engagement with a corresponding retention recess 134 located along an interior of the corresponding cylinder 58, e.g. the lower of the two illustrated cylinders 58, thus preventing linear movement of the corresponding cylinder 58 in a liner actuation direction. Additionally, each dog 126 may be spring biased in the radially outward direction by, for example, a suitable spring member 136.
Once the liner hanger 40 is at a desired position for setting of slips 56, a ball 138 is dropped down through the internal passage 76 of running string 42 and running tool 60 until engaging a corresponding ball seat 140 to prevent flow along internal passage 76. It should be noted that ball 138 is used broadly to refer to an item able to block flow along internal passage 76; and ball 138 may have a variety of shapes and configurations, e.g. partial balls, darts, and various other plugs.
After the ball 138 is seated against corresponding ball seat 140, pressure may be increased along inner pressure region 74 to establish a pressure differential (delta P) between the inner pressure region 74 and the intermediate pressure region 78. The increased pressure within inner pressure region 74 acts against module piston 104 via passages 110. Upon sufficiently increased pressure, the module piston 104 is shifted linearly (to the right in the example illustrated in
Simultaneously, the increased pressure within pressure region 74 is able to act against the appropriate corresponding cylinder 58, e.g. the upper cylinder 58, via passages 98 and 100 (see
As illustrated in
After setting the liner hanger 40, continued application of pressure along internal passage 76 (or sufficiently increased pressure along internal passage 76) enables shifting of CRT piston 80 so as to release collet 82, thus releasing packer 52 and running string 42 (see
Referring generally to
Prior to setting of the liner hanger 40, the locking dogs 126 are positioned in a radially extended configuration, through corresponding openings 142, and into engagement with an interior of the corresponding cylinder 58. By way of example, the interior of the corresponding cylinder 58 may have an abutment 146 which prevents linear movement of the corresponding cylinder 58 in an axial direction, e.g. in an upward direction, thus preventing premature actuation of liner hanger 40.
According to the embodiment illustrated, the locking dogs 126 are held in radial openings 148 of a lock dog housing 150 and maintained in the radially outward, locked position by a lock dog support sleeve 152. For example, the lock dog support sleeve 152 may comprise an enlarged diameter portion 154 which maintains the locking dogs 126 in the radially outward, locked position when portion 154 is located along the inner surface of the locking dogs 126.
As illustrated, seals 156 may be positioned between liner hanger body 144 and corresponding cylinder 58 on both upper and lower sides of openings 142. Similarly, seals 158 may be positioned between lock dog housing 150 and liner hanger body 144 on both upper and lower sides of radial openings 148. Additionally, suitably located seals 160 may be positioned between lock dog support sleeve 152 and lock dog housing 150.
While the anti-preset module 44 is in the run-in-hole position illustrated in
In
To actuate the liner hanger 40, the ball 138 is landed on ball seat 140 and pressure is increased in inner pressure region 74 relative to intermediate pressure region 78 until a first set of shear screws 170 is sheared. This allows the lock dog support sleeve 152 to shift relative to lock dog housing 150, e.g. to move in a downwards direction or to the right in
At the same time, the support sleeve ports 162 are moved out of alignment with corresponding ports 164; and seals 160 are positioned to straddle and isolate the corresponding pressure equalization ports 164. It should be noted that a check valve 174 may be positioned in a corresponding passage extending generally radially through lock dog housing 150 to ensure there remains no trapped pressure in intermediate pressure region 78, e.g. in the space between the running tool 60 and the liner hanger body 144.
Once the corresponding ports 164 are isolated, the pressure applied along inner pressure region 74 is able to move through ports 162, through radial openings 148, and through corresponding openings 142 to shift the corresponding cylinder 58, as illustrated in
It should be noted the liner hanger assembly 36 and running string 42 may be constructed in various sizes and configurations. Additionally, each of these components of the overall liner hanger system 30 may utilize various engagement features, seals, flow port arrangements, flow passages, and/or other features to enable the desired operation. For example, various flow passage arrangements may be used to achieve the desired equalization of pressures between the inner pressure chamber and the intermediate pressure chamber. Additionally, various types of balls may be used or other types of mechanisms may be used to enable selective achievement of the pressure differentials for releasing the anti-preset module, for actuating the liner hanger, and/or for releasing the running tool.
Although a few embodiments of the disclosure have been described in detail above, those of ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible without materially departing from the teachings of this disclosure. Accordingly, such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this disclosure as defined in the claims.
The present document is based on and claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/963,334, filed Jan. 20, 2020, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2021/013824 | 1/18/2021 | WO |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
62963334 | Jan 2020 | US |