Patent Application
20120086740
The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, which is a display device, and a method for controlling a light source installed in a liquid crystal display device.
In a liquid crystal display device (display device) in which a non-luminescent liquid crystal display panel (display panel) is installed, a backlight unit (illumination device) for supplying light to the liquid crystal display panel is ordinarily also installed. There are various types of light sources for a backlight unit. For example, in the case of the backlight unit described in Patent Document 1, the light source is a light-emitting diode (LED).
The LED is driven by pulse width modulation (PWM) control, which is well-known. In particular, an LED is set so as to turn on and off in chronological fashion in a single frame interval (in a single vertical interval).
Ordinarily, in the case of a “hold”-type display device such as a liquid crystal display device, the same image is displayed for an entire frame interval in continuous frame images. When this happens, the user will be able to continuously view an uninterrupted image and will sometimes perceive afterimages, blurring, or the like in the image.
In view of the above, the liquid crystal display device of Patent Document 1 turns LEDs on and off in a chronological fashion in single-frame intervals and artificially displays a single frame image in a non-continuous manner (setting the off-time in this manner is referred to as “black insertion”). In other words, the liquid crystal display device of Patent Document 1 performs driving similar to an impulse display device (for example, a display device in which a cathode ray tube (CRT) is installed). The liquid crystal display device thereby ensures, e.g., an improvement in video performance.
However, the effects of various characteristics of liquid crystal are more readily manifested in the case that video performance is to be improved by black insertion. For example, a liquid crystal display panel varies light transmissivity from a backlight unit by using the tilt of liquid crystal molecules to display an image. Accordingly, image quality is readily affected by the tilt speed (response speed) of the liquid crystal molecules. In such a case, afterimages are not improved and ghost outlines and other image-quality degradation occur when only the LED on-time and off-time are uniformly varied depending on the response speed.
The present invention was devised in order to solve the problems described above. An object thereof is to provide a liquid crystal display device or the like that ensures improvement in image quality by controlling the light source with consideration given to the characteristics of liquid crystal.
The liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal display panel for displaying an image by having liquid crystal that changes orientation in accordance with application of a voltage; a backlight unit housing a PWM light-modulating light source that emits light to be supplied to the liquid crystal display panel; and a control unit for controlling the liquid crystal display panel and the backlight unit. In this liquid crystal display device, the control unit acquires response speed data of a change in orientation of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal, and varies a drive frequency of a PWM light modulation signal in accordance with the response speed data.
With this configuration, the light emission of the light source is controlled with consideration given to the response speed of the liquid crystal molecules, i.e., the tilt state of the liquid crystal molecules. Accordingly, this liquid crystal display device prevents defects in image quality (ghost outlines and the like) that readily occur in accordance with the tilt amount of the liquid crystal molecules.
It is preferred that the control unit have at least one arbitrary response speed data threshold value, set a plurality of arbitrary response speed data ranges using the response speed data threshold value as a boundary, and vary the drive frequency for each of the response speed data ranges. With this configuration, defects in the image quality are further prevented because the drive frequency is varied in multiple stages.
In particular, it is preferred that the drive frequency be varied for each of the response speed data ranges so as to yield an inverse relationship with the magnitude relationship of the data values in the plurality of response speed data ranges.
The drive frequency is preferably equal to or greater than the frame frequency. Furthermore, the drive frequency is preferably an integral multiple of the frame frequency.
It is preferred that the liquid crystal display device comprise a first temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the liquid crystal, wherein the control unit has a storage section for storing response speed data of the liquid crystal molecules with dependency on the liquid crystal temperature, and for storing at least one response speed datum as a response speed data threshold value; and acquires the response speed data by correlating the temperature data of the first temperature sensor and the liquid crystal temperature.
The liquid crystal display device has various functions for improving image quality. In view whereof, the control unit preferably sets the drive frequency that corresponds to such functions.
For example, the control unit has a histogram unit for generating histogram data showing a frequency distribution for gradation by forming a histogram from picture data. The control unit divides all gradations of the histogram data and judges whether the occupancy ratio in at least one specific gradation range among the divided gradation ranges exceeds or is equal to or less than an occupancy ratio threshold value.
Preferably, in a case where the occupancy ratio exceeds the occupancy ratio threshold value, the control unit sets the drive frequency to be less than the drive frequency in a case where the occupancy ratio is equal to or less than the occupancy ratio threshold value; and, in a case where the occupancy ratio is equal to or less than the occupancy ratio threshold value, the control unit sets the drive frequency to be greater than the drive frequency in a case where the occupancy ratio exceeds the occupancy ratio threshold value. With such a configuration, the drive frequency is set in correspondence with the function that uses the histogram data for improving image quality, and further improvement in image quality can be ensured.
The liquid crystal display device preferably comprises a first temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the liquid crystal, wherein the control unit has a storage section for storing the occupancy ratio threshold value; and at least one of the specific gradation range and the occupancy ratio threshold value of the occupancy ratio is varied in accordance with the temperature data of the first temperature sensor.
The control unit preferably has an FRC processing section for carrying out frame rate control processing. Also, the control unit preferably varies the drive frequency in accordance with the presence of frame rate control processing of the FRC processing section. With this configuration, the drive frequency is set in accordance with the ON/OFF state of FRC processing, and a further improvement in the image quality is ensured.
The drive frequency in a case where frame rate control processing is carried out is preferably lower than the drive frequency in a case where frame rate control processing is not carried out.
The control unit has a viewing mode setting section for switching a viewing mode of the liquid crystal display panel; and in the case that the viewing mode setting section has switched the viewing mode, the control unit preferably varies the drive frequency in accordance with the selected viewing mode. With this configuration, the drive frequency is set in accordance with the viewing mode, and a further improvement in the image quality is ensured.
Since setting of the PWM (setting of the drive frequency of the PWM light modulation signal) can be performed for each viewing mode, it is preferred that in the case that the viewing mode setting section sets the high video level viewing mode and the low video level viewing mode in accordance with the video level of the picture data, the drive frequency be varied for each of the selected viewing modes so as to be in an inverse relationship with a high-low relationship of the video levels in the plurality of viewing modes.
Since setting of the PWM (setting of the drive frequency of the PWM light modulation signal) can be performed for each viewing mode, it is preferred that in the case that the viewing mode setting section sets the high contrast level viewing mode and the low contrast level viewing mode in accordance with the contrast level of the picture data, the drive frequency be varied for each of the selected viewing modes so as to be in an inverse relationship with the high-low relationship of the contrast levels in the plurality of viewing modes.
The control unit preferably acquires exterior illumination intensity data and varies the drive frequency in accordance with the illumination intensity data. With this configuration, the drive frequency is set in accordance with the light level of the environment in which the liquid crystal display device is placed, and a further improvement in the image quality is ensured.
The drive frequency is preferably varied for each illumination intensity data range so as to be in an inverse relationship with the magnitude relationship of the data values in each of the plurality of illumination intensity data ranges.
It is preferred that the liquid crystal display device comprise an illumination intensity sensor for measuring exterior illumination intensity, wherein the illumination intensity data is the illumination intensity measured by the illumination intensity sensor.
The structure of liquid crystal display panels differs in various ways. Examples include the following liquid crystal display panels. In other words, in a liquid crystal display panel, liquid crystal is disposed between two substrates included in the liquid crystal display panel; a first electrode is mounted on a surface of one of the substrates that faces the liquid crystal; and a second electrode is mounted on a surface of the other substrate that faces the liquid crystal.
It is preferred that the liquid crystal molecules included in the liquid crystal be of a negative type; and furthermore that at least a portion of the liquid crystal molecules be oriented so that a major-axis direction thereof is made to follow along a vertical direction of the two substrates in a case where a voltage is not applied to the two electrodes; and so that a major-axis direction thereof is made to intersect the direction of the electric field between the electrodes in a case where a voltage is applied to the two electrodes.
In a case where the drive frequency is set in accordance with a function for improving image quality using histogram data in a liquid crystal display device in which such a liquid crystal display panel is installed, the drive frequency is preferably 480 Hz in a case where the frame frequency is 120 Hz, the temperature data is 20° C., and the specific gradation range is 0 or more and 128 or less among an entire gradation range of 0 or more and 255 or less.
In a liquid crystal display device in which such a liquid crystal display panel is installed, it is preferred that a first slit or a first rib be formed on the first electrode; a second slit or a second rib be formed on the second electrode; and the direction of the electric field between the electrodes intersect the vertical direction of the two substrates.
There is also a liquid crystal display panel such as the following. In other words, in a liquid crystal display panel, the liquid crystal is disposed between two substrates included in the liquid crystal display panel; and a first electrode and a second electrode are aligned opposite one another on a surface of one of the substrates that faces the liquid crystal.
Also, liquid crystal molecules included in the liquid crystal are of a positive type and are oriented so that a major-axis direction thereof is made to follow along the in-plane direction of the one surface and is made to intersect the direction in which the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged in a row in a case where a voltage is not applied to the two electrodes.
The control unit preferably synchronizes a final timing in a single frame interval and a final timing of a high interval in the PWM light modulation signal. With this configuration, light is not supplied in the initial stage of the tilting of the liquid crystal molecules. In other words, light is no longer supplied to the liquid crystal molecules which have not reached a predetermined angle, and due to this fact, defects in image quality are less likely to occur.
The control unit preferably matches a low interval of the PWM light modulation signal with an interval equal to at least one frame in continuous frames.
In the liquid crystal display device, a plurality of the light sources are preferably arranged so as to be capable of partially supplying light to a surface of the liquid crystal display panel. In view whereof, the plurality of light sources are divided, and the divided single or plurality of light sources constitutes a divided light source. In such a case, the control unit preferably varies the drive frequency for each of the divided light sources.
With this configuration, power consumption is reduced because all of the light sources are not controlled as a single unit, but can rather be partially controlled. Also, the drive frequency is locally varied, whereby partial light-amount control is achieved. Therefore, variation in the luminance level is reduced and optimal image quality can be provided.
For example, in the case that there are a plurality of divided light sources, the divided light sources emit linear light in the plane of the liquid crystal display panel, emit light in accordance with blocks obtained by dividing the plane interior in an ordered fashion, or emit light in accordance with a partial area in the plane.
The control unit preferably has a function for overdriving the voltage applied to the liquid crystal; and varies the drive frequency of the PWM light modulation signal in accordance with the presence of the overdriving. Such control is used for achieving improvement in image quality of the liquid crystal display device.
In a liquid crystal display device such as that described above, which comprises a liquid crystal display panel having liquid crystal that changes orientation in accordance with application of a voltage and a backlight unit housing a PWM light-modulating light source that emits light to be supplied to the liquid crystal display panel, the light source is controlled by a control method such as that described below. In other words, there is included a step for acquiring response speed data of a change in orientation of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal, and varying a drive frequency of a PWM light modulation signal in accordance with the response speed data.
In such a liquid crystal display device, particularly, in a liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal display panel having liquid crystal that changes orientation in accordance with application of a voltage; a backlight unit housing a PWM light-modulating light source that emits light to be supplied to the liquid crystal display panel; and a control unit for controlling the liquid crystal display panel and the backlight unit, the light source is controlled using a light source control program such as the following. In other words, the control unit is made to execute a step for acquiring response speed data of orientation change of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal, and varying a drive frequency of a PWM light modulation signal in accordance with the response speed data.
The present invention may also be regarded as a computer-readable recording medium on which a light source control program such as that described above is recorded.
In accordance with the present invention, the light emission of the light source is controlled in accordance with the tilt state of the liquid crystal molecules, which affects the transmissivity of the liquid crystal display panel. Accordingly, defects in image quality (ghost outlines and the like), which readily occur in accordance with the amount of tilt of the liquid crystal molecules, are prevented.
A description of embodiments is provided below with reference to the drawings. There may be cases in which members, reference numerals, and the like are omitted for convenience, but in such cases, reference shall be made to other drawings. There may be cases in which a reference numeral indicating a signal type is assigned to an arrow indicating the travel direction of the signal, but the arrow does not refer to the travel direction solely of the indicated signal type. Flowcharts showing steps of operation are examples; no limitation is imposed by the flow of operation thereof.
The numbers, examples, graphs, and the like are merely examples; no limitation is imposed by the numbers and graph lines. In the description below, a liquid crystal display device is used as an example of a display device, but no limitation is imposed thereby; application can also be made to other display devices.
<Liquid Crystal Display Device>
The liquid crystal display panel 60 has liquid crystal 61 (liquid crystal molecules 61M) sandwiched between an active matrix substrate 62 and an opposing substrate 63 (see
The backlight unit 70 includes, e.g., a light source (light-emitting element) such as a light-emitting diode (LED) 71 as shown
There are many types of LEDs 71 included in the backlight unit 70. Examples include LEDs 71 that emit white light, red light, green light, and blue light.
However, in the case of LEDs 71 that emit white light, the backlight also becomes white due to that fact that all of the LEDs 71 installed in the backlight unit 70 are white light-emitting diodes. There are also many methods for generating white light. Examples include LEDs 71 that generate white light using mixed colors, including a red LED chip, a green LED chip, and a blue LED chip; and LEDs 71 that generate white light using fluorescent emission.
In the case of LEDs 71 that emit light other than white light, white backlight light is generated by color mixing. Therefore, the LEDs 71 included in the backlight unit 70 are a red light-emitting LED 71, a green light-emitting LED 71, and a blue light-emitting LED 71.
The arrangement is not particularly limited, regardless of the type of LED 71, and a matrix arrangement is given as an example, as shown in
The gate driver 81 is a driver for supplying a gate signal G-TS, which is a control signal (timing signal) of the switching element, to the gate signal line of the liquid crystal display panel 60. The gate signal G-TS is generated by the control unit 1.
The source driver 82 is a driver for supplying a pixel write signal (the LCD picture signal VD-Sp′[led], or the LCD picture signal VD-Sp[led]; described in detail later) as an example of image data to the source signal line of the liquid crystal display panel 60. More specifically, the source driver 82 supplies a write signal to the source signal line on the basis of a timing signal S-TS generated by the control unit 1 (the write signal and the timing signal S-TS are generated by the control unit 1).
The panel thermistor (first temperature sensor) 83 is a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the liquid crystal display panel 60, more specifically, the temperature of the liquid crystal 61 contained in the liquid crystal display panel 60. The reason for the use of a panel thermistor 83 is described later.
The environment illumination intensity sensor 84 is a photometric sensor for measuring the illumination intensity of the environment in which the liquid crystal display device 90 is placed. The reason for the use of an environment illumination intensity sensor 84 is described later.
The LED driver 85 supplies a control signal of the LEDs 71 (VD-Sd′[W·A]) to the LEDs 71 on the basis of a timing signal (L-TS) generated by the control unit 1 (the control signal of the LEDs 71 is generated by the control unit 1). More specifically, the LED driver 85 controls the lighting of the LEDs 71 in the backlight unit 70 on the basis of the signal from an LED controller 30 (PWM light modulation signal VD-Sd′[W·A], and timing signal L-TS).
The LED thermistor 86 is a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the LEDs 71 installed in the backlight unit 70. The reason for the use of an LED thermistor 86 is described later.
The LED luminance sensor 87 is a photometric sensor for measuring the luminance of the LEDs 71. The reason for the use of an LED luminance sensor 87 is described later.
<Concerning the Control Unit>
The control unit 1 is a control unit for generating the various signals described above, and includes a main microcomputer (main microprocessor) 51, a picture signal processing section 10, a liquid crystal display panel controller (LCD controller) 20, and an LED controller 30.
<<Main Microprocessor>>
The main microprocessor 51 oversees various controls related to the picture signal processing section 10, the liquid crystal display panel controller 20, and the LED controller 30, which are included in the control unit 1 (the main microprocessor 51 and the LED controller 30 controlled thereby may together be referred to as the microprocessor unit 50).
<<Image Signal Processing Section>>
The picture signal processing section 10 includes a timing adjustment section 11, a histogram processing section 12, a computation processing section 13, a duty setting section 14, an electric current value setting section 15, a viewing mode setting section 16, and a memory 17, as shown in
The timing adjustment section 11 receives initial image signals (initial image signals F-VD) from an external signal source. Initial image signals F-VD are, e.g., television signals, and include picture signals and synchronization signals for synchronization with the picture signal (the picture signal is composed of, e.g., a red picture signal, a green picture signal, a blue picture signal, and a luminance signal).
In view of the above, the timing adjustment section 11 generates from these synchronization signals new synchronization signals (a clock signal CLK, a vertical synchronization signal, a horizontal synchronization signal, and the like) that are required for the liquid crystal display panel 60 to display an image. The timing adjustment section 11 transmits the newly generated synchronization signals to the liquid crystal display panel controller 20 and the microprocessor unit 50 (see
The histogram processing section 12 receives the initial image signal F-VD and forms the picture signal (picture data) included in the initial image signal F-VD into a histogram. More specifically, the histogram processing section 12 acquires a frequency distribution with respect to the gradations in the initial image signal F-VD in a single frame.
However, data to be formed into a histogram is not limited to the initial image signals F-VD. For example, it is also possible to perform histogram processing for a later-described separator LED signal VD-Sd, separator LCD signal VD-Sp, and LCD picture signal VD-Sp[led] or LCD picture signal VD-Sp′[led], which has undergone frame rate control processing (essentially, these various picture signals (picture data) can be formed into a histogram). The data of a histogram is referred to as histogram data HGM. The histogram data HGM is transmitted to the computation processing section 13 by the histogram processing section 12.
The computation processing section 13 receives the initial image signals F-VD and separates the initial image signal F-VD into a signal suitable for driving the backlight unit 70 (more specifically, LEDs 71), and a signal suitable for driving the liquid crystal display panel 60. Among the initial image signals F-VD, the computation processing section 13 transmits the separator LED signal VD-Sd suitable for the LEDs 71 to the duty setting section 14.
Among the initial image signals F-VD, the computation processing section 13 corrects and thereafter transmits to the liquid crystal display panel controller 20 a separator LCD signal VD-Sp that is suitable to the liquid crystal display panel 60. This correction processing accounts for a later-described control signal (PWM light modulation signal Vd-Sd[W·A]) of the LEDs 71 (the separator LCD signal VD-Sp having undergone this correction processing is referred to as LCD picture signal VD-Sp[led]).
The computation processing section 13 may transmit the separator LCD signal VD-Sp to the histogram processing section 12 in order to form a histogram.
The computation processing section 13 calculates at least one among the histogram data HGM [S] of an average signal level (ASL) and a histogram data HGM [L] of an average luminance level (ALL), using the histogram data HGM.
In other words, the computation processing section 13 is capable of calculating the histogram data HGM of at least one among the average signal level ASL and the average luminance level ALL from the initial image signals F-VD, the separator LED signal VD-Sd, the separator LCD signal VD-Sp, the LCD picture signal VD-Sp[led], or the LCD picture signal VD-Sp′[led]; and furthermore transmits the result to the duty setting section 14.
Also, the computation processing section 13 is capable of calculating at least one among the average value of the average signal level ASL and the average value of the average luminance level ALL; and furthermore transmits the result to the duty setting section 14. The histogram processing section 12 and the computation processing section 13 will be referred to as a histogram unit 18 because various processing related to various histogram data HGM is carried out.
The duty setting section 14 receives the separator LED signal VD-Sd. The duty setting section 14 furthermore receives the histogram data HGM from the computation processing section 13. The duty setting section 14 receives signals (memory data DM) from the later-described memory 17, and also receives signals of at least one of the viewing mode setting section 16, the panel thermistor 83, the LED controller 30 (more specifically, a later-described FRC processing section 21), and the environment illumination intensity sensor 84.
The duty setting section 14 generates a PWM light modulation signal suitable for control of the LEDs 71 from at least one of these signals and the separator LED signal VD-Sd (described later in detail). Specifically, the duty setting section 14 sets the duty in the PWM light modulation signal (the PWM light modulation signal for which the duty has been set in the duty setting section 14 is referred to as a PWM light modulation signal VD-Sd[W]).
The duty is the ratio of the interval in which the LEDs 71 are turned on in a single cycle in the PWM light modulation signal (an AC signal). In other words, the case of 100% duty means that the LEDs 71 continue to be turned on for the interval of a single cycle (conversely, in the case of 60% duty, the LEDs 71 are turned off for 40% of the interval of a single cycle).
The electric current value setting section 15 receives the PWM light modulation signal VD-Sd[W] from the duty setting section 14, and varies the electric current value of the PWM light modulation signal VD-Sd[W]. The variability of this electric current value is described later in detail. The PWM light modulation signal VD-Sd[W] in which the electric current value has been suitably set is referred to as the PWM light modulation signal Vd-Sd[W·A]. The PWM light modulation signal Vd-Sd[W·A] is transmitted by the electric current value setting section 15 to the microprocessor unit 50 (more specifically, the LED controller 30) and also transmitted to the computation processing section 13.
The viewing mode setting section 16 sets the screen display format (viewing mode) in accordance with the type of image to be displayed on the liquid crystal display panel 60, the environment of the location in which the liquid crystal display device 90 is placed, or the preference of the viewer (the desired contrast ratio or the like). The viewing mode setting section 16 can set the following viewing modes, for example.
Sports mode: A viewing mode suited for displaying images in which the movement of soccer players or the like is rapid. In other words, this is a viewing mode having a relatively high video level.
Natural mode: A viewing mode suited for displaying images in which the movement of a news program or the like is slow. In other words, this is a viewing mode having a relatively low video level.
Dynamic mode: A viewing mode for enhancing the contrast between white images and black images. In other words, this is a viewing mode for when a relatively higher contrast level is desired.
Cinema mode: A viewing mode for moderating the contrast between white images and black images. In other words, this is a viewing mode for when a relatively lower contrast level is desired.
Standard mode: A viewing mode between the dynamic mode and the cinema mode.
In consideration of these viewing modes; in particular, the sports mode and the natural mode, the viewing mode setting section 16 is capable of setting a high video level viewing mode or a low video level viewing mode in accordance with the picture signal (picture data) video level (however, there is no limitation to a two-stage level setting).
In consideration of the dynamic mode, the standard mode, and the cinema mode, the viewing mode setting section 16 is capable of setting a high contrast level viewing mode, an intermediate contrast level viewing mode, and a low contrast level viewing mode in accordance with the picture signal (picture data) contrast level (however, there no limitation to a three-stage level setting).
The memory (storage section) 17 stores various data tables required for duty setting by the duty setting section 14, various threshold data (threshold values), and other data. For example, the memory 17 holds a temperature-speed data table in which the temperature of the panel thermistor 83 and the response speed Vr of the liquid crystal molecules 61M are correlated. The memory 17 furthermore stores a certain response speed Vr as a threshold value (response speed data threshold value) in the temperature-speed data table. The number of threshold values may be one or more.
The memory 17 also stores threshold values for dividing all gradations in a histogram data HGM created using the average signal level ASL or the average luminance level ALL (gradation threshold value data). In other words, the histogram data HGM is divided into at least two or more gradation ranges by the gradation threshold values. The memory 17 furthermore stores threshold values for judging whether the occupancy ratio of a specific gradation range (at least one divided gradation range) in the histogram data HGM is above, or equal to or less than a set value (occupancy ratio threshold values).
<<LCD Controller>>
The liquid crystal display panel controller 20 includes a frame rate control processing section (FRC processing section) 21 and a gate driver/source driver control section (G/S control section) 22.
The FRC processing section 21 receives the LCD picture signal VD-Sp[led] transmitted from the picture signal processing section 10 (more specifically, the computation processing section 13). The FRC processing section 21 carries out an FRC process for switching at high speed the frame rate in the LCD picture signal VD-Sp[led] in order to artificially display an image using afterimage effects (an LCD picture signal VD-Sp[led] which has undergone FRC processing is referred to as an LCD picture signal VD-Sp′[led]).
The FRC processing section 21 is capable of being switched on and off. Therefore, in the case that the FRC processing section 21 is carrying out FRC processing at double speed, the LCD picture signal VD-Sp[led] will be 60 Hz in the case that the LCD picture signal VD-Sp′[led] is 120 Hz (these signals can be taken to be the frame frequency).
The FRC processing section 21 transmits the LCD picture signal VD-Sp′[led], which has undergone FRC processing, or the LCD picture signal VD-Sp[led], which has not undergone FRC processing, to the source driver 82 (see
The G/S control section 22 generates timing signals for controlling the gate driver 81 and the source driver 82 from the clock signal CLK, the vertical synchronization signal VS, the horizontal synchronization signal HS, and other signals transmitted from the picture signal processing section 10 (more specifically, the timing adjustment section 11). (The timing signal corresponding to the gate driver 81 will be referred to as a timing signal G-TS and the timing signal corresponding to the source driver 82 will be referred to as timing signal S-TS). The G/S control section 22 transmits the timing signal G-TS to the gate driver 81 and transmits the timing signal S-TS to the source driver 82 (see
In other words, the liquid crystal display panel controller 20 transmits the LCD picture signal VD-Sp′[led] (or the LCD picture signal VD-Sp[led]) and the timing signal S-TS to the source driver 82, and transmits the timing signal G-TS to the gate driver 81. The source driver 82 and the gate driver 81 control the image on the liquid crystal display panel 60 using the two timing signals G-TS, S-TS.
<<LED Controller>>
The LED controller 30 transmits various control signals to the LED driver 85 under management (control) of the main microprocessor 51. The LED controller 30 includes an LED controller setting register group 31, an LED driver control section 32, a serial/parallel converter (S/P converter) 33, an individual variation-correcting section 34, a memory 35, a temperature correction section 36, a deterioration-correcting section 37, and a parallel/serial converter (P/S converter) 38, as shown in
The LED controller setting register group 31 temporarily holds various control signals from the main microprocessor 51. In other words, the main microprocessor 51 controls various members inside the LED controller 30 by first going through the LED controller setting register group 31.
The LED driver control section 32 transmits the PWM light modulation signal Vd-Sd[W·A] from the picture signal processing section 10 (more specifically, the electric current value setting section 15) to the S/P converter 33. The LED driver control section 32 generates and transmits a turn-on timing signal L-TS of the LEDs 71 to the LED driver 85 using the synchronization signals (clock signal CLK, vertical synchronization signal VS, horizontal synchronization signal HS, and other signals) from the picture signal processing section 10.
The S/P converter 33 converts the PWM light modulation signal Vd-Sd[W·A] transmitted from the LED driver control section 32 as serial data into parallel data.
The individual variation-correcting section 34 confirms in advance the performance of individual LEDs 71 and makes corrections to eliminate individual errors. For example, the luminance of the LEDs 71 is measured in advance using a specific PWM light modulation signal value. More specifically, for example, the red light-emitting LED chip, the green light-emitting LED chip, and the blue light-emitting LED chip are turned on in the LEDs 71, and a specific PWM light modulation signal that corresponds to each LED chip is corrected so that white light having a desired hue can be generated.
Next, a plurality of LEDs 71 are turned on, and the PWM light modulation signal corresponding to each of the LEDs 71 (each LED chip) is further corrected so as to eliminate luminance nonuniformity as planar light. Individual differences in the plurality of LEDs 71 are thereby corrected (individual variation in luminance, and consequently luminance nonuniformity of planar light).
There are various methods for processing such corrections, but correction processing that uses a lookup table (LUT) is generally used. In other words, the individual variation-correcting section 34 carries out correction processing using a LUT for individual variations in the LEDs 71 that is stored in the memory 35.
The memory 35 stores, e.g., the LUT for individual variations in the LEDs 71 as described above. The memory 35 also stores an LUT required in the temperature correction section 36 of a later stage of the individual variation-correcting section 34, and in the deterioration-correcting section 37.
The temperature correction section 36 performs correction in which consideration is given to a reduction in the luminance of the LEDs 71 caused by an increase in temperature that accompanies the light emission of the LEDs 71. For example, the temperature correction section 36 acquires the temperature data of the LEDs 71 (essentially, the LED chip of each color) using the LED thermistor 86 once per second, acquires the LUT that corresponds to the temperature data from the memory 35, and performs a correction for reducing luminance nonuniformity of planar light (i.e., modifies the PWM light modulation signal value that corresponds to the LED chip).
The deterioration-correcting section 37 performs a correction in which consideration is given to a reduction in the luminance of the LEDs 71 caused by a deterioration of the LEDs 71 over time. For example, the deterioration-correcting section 37 acquires the luminance data of the LEDs 71 (essentially, the LED chip of each color) using the LED luminance sensor 87 once per year, acquires the LUT that corresponds to the luminance data from the memory 35, and performs correction for reducing luminance nonuniformity of planar light (i.e., modifies the PWM light modulation signal value that corresponds to the LED chip of each color).
The P/S converter 38 converts into serial data the PWM light modulation signal, which has undergone various correction processing and is transmitted as parallel data, and transmits the data to the LED driver 85 (the PWM light modulation signal after correction processing by the LED controller 30 will be referred to as PWM light modulation signal Vd-Sd′[W·A]). At this point, the LED driver 85 turns on and controls the LEDs 71 in the backlight unit 70 on the basis of the PWM light modulation signal Vd-Sd′[W·A] and the timing signal L-TS.
<PWM Light Modulation Signal for Controlling the Light Emission of the LED>
Here, the PWM light modulation signal VD-Sd[W] for controlling the light emission of the LEDs 71 will be described. The PWM light modulation signal VD-Sd[W] varies the duty in accordance with the response speed Vr of the change in the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules 61M (where the duty of the PWM light modulation signal directly inputted to the LEDs 71 is set to a desired value after consideration has been given not only to the response speed Vr, but to the results of various corrections carried out by the LED controller 30 and the like).
<<Response Speed of the Liquid Crystal Molecules>>
In view of the above, first, the response speed Vr of the liquid crystal molecules 61M will be described with reference to
With this liquid crystal display panel 60, polarization films 64P, 64Q are mounted so as to sandwich the active matrix substrate 62 and the opposing substrate 63. At this point, the polarization film 64P transmits and directs specifically polarized light among the backlight BL from the backlight unit 70 to the liquid crystal (liquid crystal layer) 61, and the polarization film 64Q transmits to the exterior specifically polarized light among the light transmitted through the liquid crystal layer 61.
However, light that passes through the liquid crystal display panel 60 in this manner is affected at an intermediate point by the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules 61M, i.e., the tilt of the liquid crystal molecules 61M, that corresponds to the application of a voltage. More specifically, the amount of transmitted light to the exterior varies in accordance with the variation in transmissivity of the liquid crystal display panel 60 due to the tilt in the liquid crystal molecules 61M. In view of the above, the liquid crystal display panel 60 displays an image using variation in the transmissivity due to the tilt of the liquid crystal molecules 61M that corresponds to the application of a voltage.
Various modes are envisioned in the liquid crystal display panel 60. Examples include twist nematic (TN) mode, vertical alignment (VA) mode, in-plane switching (IPS) mode, and optically compensated bend (OCB) mode. However, whichever mode is used, the amount of transmitted light incident on the liquid crystal 61 varies depending on the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules 61M.
(MVA Mode)
For example, a multi-domain vertical alignment (MVA) mode, which is a type of VA mode, is described below with reference to
The liquid crystal 61 containing the liquid crystal molecules 61M shown in
Also, a slit 66P (first slit/second slit) is formed on the pixel electrode 65P, and a slit 66Q (second slit/first slit) is formed in the opposing electrode 65Q as well (the slit 66P and the slit 66Q are oriented in the same direction). However, the slit 66P and the slit 66Q are offset and do not face each other along the alignment direction (e.g., the vertical direction in relation to the two substrates 62, 63) of the electrodes 65P, 65Q.
In the case that voltage is not applied between the pixel electrode 65P and the opposing electrode 65Q (the case of OFF), the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules 61M is oriented along the vertical direction with respect to the two substrates 62, 63, as shown in
At this point, the backlight BL which has passed through the active matrix substrate 62 is not emitted to the exterior when the polarization film 64P and the polarization film 64Q are in a crossed Nicol arrangement (essentially, the liquid crystal display panel 60 is in a normally black mode).
On the other hand, in the case that voltage is applied between the pixel electrode 65P and the opposing electrode 65Q (the case of ON), the liquid crystal molecules 61M are tilted along the direction of the electric field produced between the two electrodes 65P, 65Q. However, the electric field direction tilts in a direction that does not align with the vertical direction of the two substrates 62, 63 (the direction in which the two substrates 62, 63 are arranged in a row). This is due to the fact that distortions occur in the electric field and an electric field in a diagonal direction is formed by the slit 66P formed in the pixel electrode 65P and the slit 66Q formed in the opposing electrode 65Q.
The negative liquid crystal molecules 61M tilt so that the minor axis direction thereof is made to follow along the electric field direction (electric force lines; see the two-dot chain line of
The MVA-mode liquid crystal display panel 60 is not limited to the type shown in
More specifically, with this liquid crystal display panel 60, a rib 67P (first rib/second rib) is formed on the pixel electrode 65P, and a rib 67Q (second rib/first rib) is formed on the opposing electrode 65Q (the orientation of the rib 67P and the rib 67Q is the same direction). The rib 67P and rib 67Q are offset and do not face each other along the alignment direction (e.g., the vertical direction of the two substrates 62, 63) of the electrodes 65P, 65Q.
The rib 67P is, e.g., a triangular prism shape, and is arranged so that one side surface thereof faces the pixel electrode 65P and another side surface is in contact with the liquid crystal 61. Similarly, the rib 67Q is, e.g., a triangular prism shape, and is arranged so that one side surface thereof faces the pixel electrode 65Q and another side surface is in contact with the liquid crystal 61 (the side surface of the rib 67 in contact with the liquid crystal 61 will be referred to as a sloped surface).
The major axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules 61M are oriented so as to be aligned with the vertical direction in relation to the two substrates 62, 63 in the case that voltage is not applied between the pixel electrode 65P and the opposing electrode 65Q (the OFF case), as shown in
However, a majority of the liquid crystal molecules 61M follow along the vertical direction in relation to the two substrates 62, 63, and the backlight BL which has passed through the active matrix substrate 62 is not emitted to the exterior when the polarization film 64P and the polarization film 64Q are in a crossed Nicol arrangement.
On the other hand, the liquid crystal molecules 61M tilt along the direction of the electric field generated between the two electrodes 65P, 65Q in the case that voltage is applied between the pixel electrode 65P and the opposing electrode 65Q (the ON case). However, the electric field direction tilts without following along the vertical direction of the two substrates 62, 63. This is due to the fact that distortions occur in the electric field and an electric field in a diagonal direction (see the two-dot chain line of
Furthermore, the other liquid crystal molecules 61M readily tilt diagonally so as to follow along the electric field direction because the liquid crystal molecules 61M on the sloped surface of the ribs 67P, 67Q are tilted. As a result, the liquid crystal molecules 61M tilt so that the minor axis direction thereof is made to follow along the electric field direction, as shown in
In other words, the major axis direction of a majority of the negative liquid crystal molecules 61M (a majority of the liquid crystal molecules 61M that do not face the ribs 67P, 67Q) in the liquid crystal display panel 60 is made to follow along the vertical direction of the two substrates 62, 63 in the case that voltage is not applied to the two electrodes 65P, 65Q. On the other hand, the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is made to intersect the electric field direction between the two electrodes 65P, 65Q in the case that voltage is applied to the two electrodes 65P, 65Q. At this point, a portion of the backlight BL that has passed through the active matrix substrate 62 is emitted to the exterior as light that follows along the transmissive axis of the polarization film 64Q due to by the tilt of the liquid crystal molecules 61M.
In summary, with the slit-type and rib-type MVA mode, the liquid crystal molecules 61M are negative type liquid crystal, and at least a portion of the liquid crystal molecules 61M (essentially, all of the liquid crystal molecules 61M or a portion of the liquid crystal molecules 61M) are oriented so that the major axis direction thereof follows along the vertical direction of the two substrates 62, 63, in the case that voltage is not applied to the two electrodes 65P, 65Q. The major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is made to intersect the electric field direction between the two electrodes 65P, 65Q in the case that voltage is applied to the two electrodes 65P, 65Q.
The slit-type and rib-type MVA modes were described above, but there is also an MVA mode having slits and ribs. An example is a liquid crystal display panel 60 in which the slit 66P is formed on the pixel electrode 65P and the rib 67Q is formed on the opposing electrode 65Q.
Therefore, the slit 66P or the rib 67P is formed on the pixel electrode 65P, the slit 66Q or the rib 67Q is formed on the opposing electrode 65Q, and the liquid crystal mode can be said to be an MVA mode in the case that the electric field direction between the two electrodes 65P, 65Q intersects the vertical direction of the two substrates 62, 63 (essentially, a diagonal electric field is generated), because of the combination of the slits 66P, 66Q, the ribs 67P, 67Q, or the slit 66P and rib 67P (slit 66Q and rib 67Q).
(IPS Mode)
The case in which the liquid crystal display panel 60 is IPS mode is described below. First, the liquid crystal 61 containing the liquid crystal molecules 61M shown in
In the case that voltage is not applied between the pixel electrode 65P and the opposing electrode 65Q (the OFF case), the major axis direction (the director direction) of the liquid crystal molecules 61M is made to follow along the in-plane direction of the active matrix substrate 62 (the horizontal direction of the substrate plane) and is oriented so as to intersect the direction LD in which the pixel electrode 65P and the opposing electrode 65Q are arranged in a row, as shown in
However, the backlight BL which has passed through the active matrix substrate 62 is not emitted to the exterior when the polarization film 64P and the polarization film 64Q are in a crossed Nicol arrangement (essentially, the liquid crystal display panel 60 is in a normally blank mode).
On the other hand, the liquid crystal molecules 61M tilt along the electric field generated between the two electrodes 65P, 65Q in the case that voltage is applied between the pixel electrode 65P and the opposing electrode 65Q (the ON case). The electric field direction is arcuate following along the direction LD in which the pixel electrode 65P and the opposing electrode 65Q are arranged in a row (essentially, the leading edge of the curve faces the opposing substrate 63, and arcuate electric force lines are generated that follow along the direction in which the pixel electrode 65P and the opposing electrode 65Q are arranged in a row; see the two-dot chain line of
At this point, the liquid crystal molecules 61M, in which the initial orientation is made to follow along the in-plane direction of the substrate plane of the active matrix substrate 62, rotate as influenced by the direction of the arcuate electric field, and the major axis direction is made to follow along the electric field direction between the two electrodes 65P, 65Q while being made to follow along the in-plane direction of the substrate plane, as shown in
The pixel electrode 65P and the opposing electrode 65Q in
In the case of such a pectinate pixel electrode 65P and opposing electrode 65Q, the two electrodes 65P, 65Q are arranged so that the mutual pectinate forms are made to mesh, whereby tines 65Pt of the pixel electrode 65P and tines 65Qt of the opposing electrode 65Q are arranged in alternating fashion. At this point, an arcuate electric field (an electric field in the horizontal direction) is generated between the tines 65Pt of the pixel electrode 65P and the tines 65Qt of the opposing electrode 65Q, and the liquid crystal molecules 61M tilt in accordance with the electric field.
<<Afterimages and Ghost Outlines>>
Whichever mode in a liquid crystal display panel 60 is used, the liquid crystal molecules 61M tilt from the initial position (e.g., the position of the initial orientation of the liquid crystal molecules 61M in the case that voltage is not applied) in order to display an image. The speed at which the liquid crystal molecules 61M tilt (response speed Vr) is critical. This is due to the fact that “afterimages” or “ghost outlines” are generated in an image on the liquid crystal display panel 60 because of the relationship between the response speed Vr of the liquid crystal molecules 61M and the incidence of backlight BL on the liquid crystal display panel 60.
Ordinarily, in the case that the human eye (retina) senses light, the amount of light is sensed as an integral value. Accordingly, in the case that a human has visually perceived light, the light viewed up to the point that it disappears appears to remain, which causes an afterimage. In the particular case that a moving object is being displayed on the liquid crystal display panel 60 of a “hold”-type display, the line of sight follows the moving object, a frame image is continuously displayed, and an afterimage is even more readily perceived.
At this point, a state in which an afterimage is readily perceived may occur in the case that an image having a black image and a white image arranged side-by-side is displayed as shown in
For example, the position of the liquid crystal molecules 61M for displaying a black image is set in the initial position in the liquid crystal display panel 60 of the normally black mode (see
The time required for the liquid crystal molecules 61M to achieve maximum tilt is different in
Here, the liquid crystal molecules 61M shown in
The backlight BL is irradiated onto the liquid crystal display panel 60. Therefore, the PWM light modulation signal of the LEDs 71 which generate the backlight BL is also shown in the middle graph of
The lower graphs in
Described first is the case in which the liquid crystal molecules 61M tilt at a relatively low response speed Vr (LOW). In the case that the liquid crystal molecules 61M maximally tilt from the initial position, a time span CW is produced in which the liquid crystal molecules 61M gradually tilt, as shown in upper graph
When the light of the LEDs 71 based on the PWM light modulation signal at 100% duty is supplied to the liquid crystal molecules 61M in the response process time span CW, as shown in the middle graph of
At this point, the light emitted from the liquid crystal display panel 60 corresponding to the response process time span CW moves in the case that the boundary between the black image and the white image moves, as shown in
Such pixels, which appear in a continuous manner in the pixel range PA [100L-120], are recognized to be problematic pixels (see image diagram). More specifically, switching from the black image to the white image is not carried out at high speed (switching from the black image to the white image is not carried out with sharpness), and afterimages occur because of continuous pixels in which the amount of variation (i.e., the slope of the graph line of
On the other hand, light of the LEDs 71 based on PWM light modulation signal at 50% duty is supplied to the liquid crystal molecules 61M in the response process time span CW, as shown in the middle graph of
In the case of 50% duty, there is an off time span and an on time span of the LEDs 71 in a single frame interval (the final timing in a single frame interval and the final timing of a high interval in the PWM light modulation signal are synchronized). Accordingly, light is not emitted from the liquid crystal display panel 60 for the entire time range from start to end of the response process time span CW.
Specifically, light is not supplied to the liquid crystal molecules 61M in the initial interval (the first interval) in the case that the response process time span CW is divided into four intervals, and light is supplied to the liquid crystal molecules 61M in the second interval. As a result, the first interval becomes a time span that shows the lowest luminance value, as shown in the lower graph of
On the other hand, the amount of tilt by the liquid crystal molecules 61M is relatively low in the second interval, and all of the light is normally expected to be transmitted, but the time span is one in which only a portion of the light is transmitted. The luminance value that corresponds to the second interval is less than the maximum luminance value.
In the third interval in the case that the response process time span CW is divided into four intervals, light is not supplied to the liquid crystal molecules 61M, and light is supplied to the liquid crystal molecules 61M in the fourth interval. Consequently, the third interval is a time span showing the lowest luminance value in similar fashion to the first interval.
On the other hand, in the fourth interval, although the amount of tilt of the liquid crystal molecules 61M is relatively high, the amount of tilt (the angle required to form a white image) is not perfect. Accordingly, in the fourth interval, all of the light is normally expected to be transmitted, but the time span is one in which only a portion of the light is transmitted in the same manner as the second interval. The luminance value that corresponds to the fourth interval is less than the maximum luminance value (however, this luminance value is greater than the luminance that corresponds to the second interval).
In other words, in the case that the response speed Vr of the liquid crystal molecules 61M is relatively low (the case in which the response process time span CW is equal to or greater than the time of several cycles in the drive frequency of the PWM light modulation signal), as shown in
At this point, when the boundary between the black image and the white image moves as shown in
Such pixels, which appear in a continuous manner in the pixel range PA [50L-120], are recognized to be problematic pixels (see image diagram). More specifically, switching from the black image to the white image is not carried out at high speed, and ghost outlines occur because pixels in which the amount of variation of the integral luminance is different are included in the pixel range PA [50L-120] (ghost outlines reduce the level of image quality of the liquid crystal display panel 60 more so than afterimages.).
Described next is the case in which the liquid crystal molecules 61M tilt at a relatively high response speed Vr (HIGH). In the case that the liquid crystal molecules 61M tilt at a relatively high response speed Vr, as shown in the upper graph of
At this point, when the boundary between the black image and the white image moves as shown in
However, the pixel range PA [100H-120] in
On the other hand, in the case that the liquid crystal molecules 61M having a relatively high response speed Vr tilt (see the upper graph of
At this point, light is not emitted from the liquid crystal display panel 60 for the entire time range from start to end of the response process time span CW, in the same manner the middle graph of
Specifically, light is not supplied to the liquid crystal molecules 61M in the initial interval (the first interval) in the case that the response process time span CW is divided into two intervals, and light is supplied to the liquid crystal molecules 61M in the second interval. As a result, the first interval becomes a time span that shows the lowest luminance value, as shown in the lower graph of
On the other hand, in the second interval, although the amount of tilt of the liquid crystal molecules 61M is relatively high, the amount of tilt (the angle required to form a white image) is not perfect. Accordingly, all of the light is notinally expected to be transmitted, but the time span is one in which only a portion of the light is transmitted. The luminance value that corresponds to the second interval is less than the maximum luminance value.
Therefore, in the case that the response speed Vr of the liquid crystal molecules 61M is relatively high (the case in which the response process time span CW is the time of a single cycle in the drive frequency of the PWM light modulation signal), as shown in
However, since the response speed Vr of the liquid crystal molecules 61M is high, there are only a small number of pixels in the vicinity of the boundary that receive insufficient light for forming a perfectly white image in the case that the boundary between the black image and the white image moves, as shown in
Such pixels, which appear in a continuous manner in the pixel range PA [50H-120], are not readily recognized to be problematic pixels (see the image diagram). Therefore, when the response speed Vr is relatively high and the duty is other than 100% (e.g., a duty of 50% or less), the switching from the black image to the white image is carried out at high speed, and pixels with substantially the same amount of variation in integral luminance are continuous in only a small pixel range PA [50H-120]. Accordingly, in this case, afterimages and ghost outlines do not occur in the liquid crystal display panel 60.
<Concerning Improvement in Image Quality Using the Duty of the PWM Light Modulation Signal for Controlling Light Emission of the LED>
Here, when the results which can be derived from
The black insertion ratio (RATIO [BK]) in this chart is the ratio of intervals in which the LEDs 71 are turned off in a single cycle in the PWM light modulation signal (locations with a high black insertion ratio are colored in order to facilitate understanding). The chart shows three items that are evaluated with four levels (excellent>good>fair>poor), the three items being whether the image is sharply (distinctly) displayed on the liquid crystal display panel 60, whether ghost outlines have occurred, and whether the image is generally acceptable.
<<Variation of the Duty in the PWM Light Modulation Signal>>
The following can be said from the chart of
However, even when the LEDs 71 are driven using a PWM light modulation signal at 50% duty or less, ghost outlines occur and the overall image quality is most inferior in the case that the response speed Vr of the liquid crystal molecules 61M is low. It is apparent from
In light of the above results of
In other words, the LEDs 71 can be driven at a relatively low duty to carry out black insertion in the case that the response speed Vr of the liquid crystal molecules 61M is relatively high, as shown in the chart of
With this configuration, light is supplied for a short time to liquid crystal 61 having a relatively high response speed Vr in continuous fashion so as to include fixed gaps in response to a relatively low duty. Consequently, in this case, the liquid crystal display device 90 displays an image in similar fashion to an impulse-type display device and has increased image quality. On the other hand, when light is supplied for a short time in continuous fashion so as to include fixed gaps to liquid crystal 61 having a relatively low response speed Vr, light is supplied to liquid crystal molecules 61M which have not reached a predetermined angle, and defects in image quality (ghost outlines and the like) occur as a result.
Nevertheless, the LEDs 71 are driven at a relatively high duty in order to prevent defects in image quality in liquid crystal 61 having such relatively low response speed Vr. Therefore, an improvement in image quality is ensured in accordance with the response speed Vr of the liquid crystal 61 in the liquid crystal display device 90.
The response speed Vr of the liquid crystal molecules 61M varies depending not only on the temperature, but the material. Therefore, the threshold value (response speed data threshold value) for determining whether the response speed Vr is high or low is set in arbitrary fashion.
For example, the arrows representing the magnitude relationship between the response speed Vr, the duty, and the data value of the black insertion ratio are described below with reference to
In other words, the ranges of the two response speeds Vr are set using a single arbitrary threshold value as a boundary in the entire range of envisioned response speeds Vr, and the threshold value can be any response speed Vr in the entire range of the response speeds Vr as long as the liquid crystal molecules 61M tilt at a low response speed Vr (Vr1) in a range of the response speeds Vr that is less than the threshold value, and the liquid crystal molecules 61M tilt at a high response speed Vr (Vr2) in a range of the response speeds Vr that is equal to or greater than the threshold value, as shown in
Essentially, at least one arbitrary threshold value is provided, a plurality of arbitrary ranges of response speeds Vr using the threshold value(s) as a boundary can be set, and the duty can be varied for each range. With this configuration, the response speed Vr of the liquid crystal molecules 61M is divided into stages, and improvement in image quality is ensured in accordance with the stages.
In particular, the duty can be varied for each range of the plurality of response speeds Vr so that an inverse relationship is formed with the magnitude relationship related to the range of the plurality of response speeds Vr. For example, in the case that the numerical value of the response speed Vr is Vr1, which is a small value, the duty becomes a duty 2, which is a large value; and in the case that the numerical value of the response speed Vr is Vr2, which is a large value, the duty becomes a duty 1, which is a small value, as shown in
One reason for fluctuations in the response speed Vr in the liquid crystal molecules 61M in a single liquid crystal display device 90 is the temperature Tp of the liquid crystal molecules 61M. In view of this fact, the chart of
More specifically, the duty setting section 14 of the picture signal processing section 10 included in the control unit 1 acquires the temperature measurement data (temperature data) from the panel thermistor 83, as shown in
Specifically, the memory data DM is a data table (lookup table) of the response speeds Vr of the liquid crystal molecules 61M that depend on the temperature of the liquid crystal 61 (liquid crystal temperature Tp). In other words, the duty setting section 14 acquires the response speed Vr by correlating the temperature data of the panel thermistor 83 and the liquid crystal temperature Tp of the data table.
The duty setting section 14 sets the duty of the PWM light modulation signal that corresponds to the acquired response speed Vr. The method for setting the duty is not particularly limited; a possible configuration in one in which, e.g., a data table of the duty having dependence on the response speed Vr is stored in the memory 17, and the duty setting section 14 sets the duty using the data table.
<<Variation in the Electric Current in the PWM Light Modulation Signal>>
In the case that the duty of the PWM light modulation signal is set in accordance with the response speed Vr of the liquid crystal molecules 61M, it is preferred that the electric current value AM of the PWM light modulation signal also vary in accordance with the duty (essentially, the PWM light modulation signal VD-Sd[W] can be corrected so as to become the PWM light modulation signal Vd-Sd[W·A]). The reason for this is described below.
For example,
In the case of
Consequently, a difference in luminance is produced in accordance with the duty, which causes degradation in image quality when the duty of the PWM light modulation signal is varied in correspondence with the response speed Vr. In view thereof, the electric current value of the PWM light modulation signal varies in accordance with the duty. For example, the shaded areas of the graphs for describing the luminance are made equal (W100×AM100=W80×AM′80=W60×AM′60=W50×AM′50), as shown in
In other words, the electric current value setting section 15 of the computation processing section 13 varies the electric current value AM of the PWM light modulation signal when driven at a duty other than 100%, so as to cause a match between the integral amount of light emitted at the interval of a single cycle of the PWM light modulation signal and the integral amount of light emitted at 100% duty in a time that corresponds to the interval a single cycle. With this configuration, the luminance no longer varies due to duty, even when the duty has been varied in accordance with the response speed Vr of the liquid crystal molecules 61M (essentially, the liquid crystal display device 90 can vary the duty when maintaining high luminance).
The chart of
The method by which the electric current value setting section 15 sets the electric current value AM is not particularly limited; e.g., the electric current value setting section 15 may receive the duty data signal, and then compute and set the electric current value AM itself, or may store within itself a data table of electric current values AM having dependence on the duty and set the electric current value AM using the data table.
<<Other Factors>>
Various functions are installed in the liquid crystal display device 90 in order to improve image quality. Examples include an FRC processing function, and a viewing mode setting function for varying the display format of an image in accordance with viewer preference. Another example is an environment adaptation function for adjusting the brightness of the liquid crystal display panel 60 in accordance with the light level of the environment in which the liquid crystal display device 90 is placed. Yet another example is a picture signal adaptation function for adjusting the brightness of the liquid crystal display panel 60 in accordance with the brightness or the like (the average signal level ASL or the like) of the picture signal.
There are also cases in which it is preferred that the duty of the PWM light modulation signal be varied in accordance with these various functions. For example, the duty setting section 14 of the computation processing unit 13 acquires temperature data of the panel thermistor 83 (STEP 1) and acquires the response speed Vr of the liquid crystal molecules 61M (STEP 2), as shown in the flowchart of
In view thereof, the duty setting section 14 judges the response speed Vr (response speed data). Specifically, the duty setting section 14 judges whether to vary the duty setting according to whether various functions are operating (STEP 3). For example, when the response speed Vr is set excessively low and the duty has been set high regardless of whether various functions are operating, the duty setting section 14 sets the duty to, e.g., 100% with consideration given to the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 4) in the case that ghost outlines occur (No in STEP 3). With this configuration, the occurrence of ghost outlines is prevented.
However, in the case that the duty setting section 14 has determined that it is preferable to vary the duty setting due to the presence of various functions (Yes in STEP 43), the duty setting section 14 sets the duty with consideration given to various functions. This configuration is provided in order to reliably ensure improvement in image quality.
(FRC Processing Function)
For example, the duty setting section 14 judges whether FRC processing is present (STEP 5). Specifically, the duty setting section 14 receives a signal (ON/OFF signal) which shows the presence of FRC processing from the FRC processing section 21 of the liquid crystal display panel controller 20, as shown in
Conversely, in the case FRC processing is being carried out (Yes in STEP 5), the duty setting section 14 judges whether modification of the immediately prior duty is required in accordance with the FRC processing (STEP 6). This is due to the fact that there are cases in which the immediately prior duty, i.e., the duty set in STEP 4 may not vary from the duty of the case in which FRC processing has been carried out.
In the case that the duty setting section 14 has judged that modification of the immediately prior duty is required (Yes in STEP 6), the duty is set with consideration given to FRC processing and the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 7). For example, the duty setting section 14 reduces the duty in the case that FRC processing is present (the chart of
Conversely, in the case that the duty setting section 14 has judged that modification of the immediately prior duty is not required (No in STEP 6), the duty is set with consideration given only to the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 4).
In other words, the control unit 1 shown in
(Viewing Mode Setting Function)
The duty setting section 14 may make judgments that correspond to the setting of the viewing mode. Specifically, the duty setting section 14 receives a mode description signal MD that shows the type of viewing mode, e.g., a sports mode having a relatively high video level, from the viewing mode setting section 16 of the picture signal processing section 10, as shown in
The duty setting section 14 judges whether the immediately prior duty requires modification in accordance with the video level (STEP 15), as shown in the flowchart of
In the case that the duty setting section 14 has judged that the immediately prior duty requires modification (Yes in STEP 15), the duty setting section 14 sets a duty in which consideration has been given to the video level and the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 16). For example, the duty setting section 14 reduces the duty in the case that the sports mode has been set (the chart of
Conversely, in the case that the duty setting section 14 has judged that the immediately prior duty does not require modification (No in STEP 15), a duty is set in which consideration is given only to the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 4).
In other words, the control unit 1 shown in
An example of such variation of duty is one in which the duty is varied for each selected viewing mode (see
The duty setting section 14 may make a judgment that corresponds to the setting of the viewing mode in which the contrast ratio is different. Specifically, the duty setting section 14 receives a mode description signal MD that shows the type of viewing mode from the viewing mode setting section 16, e.g., a signal indicating a dynamic mode having a relatively high contrast ratio.
The duty setting section 14 judges whether the immediately prior duty requires modification in accordance with the contrast ratio (STEP 25), as shown in the flowchart of
In the case that the duty setting section 14 has judged that the immediately prior duty requires modification (Yes in STEP 25), the duty setting section 14 sets a duty in which consideration has been given to the contrast ratio and the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 26). For example, the duty setting section 14 reduces the duty in the case that the dynamic mode has been set (the chart of
Conversely, in the case that the duty setting section 14 has judged that the immediately prior duty does not require modification (No in STEP 25), a duty is set in which consideration is given only to the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 4).
In other words, in the case that the viewing mode setting section 16 has set a high contrast level viewing mode and a low contrast level viewing mode in accordance with the contrast level of the picture data, the duty is varied for each selected viewing mode (see
There are many types of viewing modes, and the duty setting section 14 may set the duty by combining various modes. For example, the duty setting section 14 receives a mode description signal MD that shows the type of viewing mode, e.g., a sports mode having a relatively high video level and a dynamic mode having a relatively high contrast ratio, from the viewing mode setting section 16.
The duty setting section 14 judges whether the immediately prior duty requires modification (STEP 15) in accordance with, e.g., the video level, as shown in the flowchart of
Conversely, in the case that the that the duty setting section 14 has judged that modification of the immediately prior duty is required (Yes in STEP 15), the duty setting section 14 furthermore judges whether modification of the immediately prior duty is required in accordance with the contrast ratio (STEP 36). In the case that the duty setting section 14 has judged that modification of the immediately prior duty is required (Yes in STEP 36), the duty setting section 14 sets a duty in which consideration has been given to the video level, the contrast ratio, and the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 37).
Conversely, in the case that the duty setting section 14 has judged that modification of the immediately prior duty is not required (No in STEP 36), the duty setting section 14 sets a duty in which consideration has been given to the video level and the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 16).
In the flowchart of
(Environment Adaptation Function)
The duty setting section 14 may make judgments that correspond to the light level of the environment in which the liquid crystal molecules 61M are placed. Specifically, the duty setting section 14 receives the illumination intensity data of the environment illumination intensity sensor 84, as shown in
The duty setting section 14 judges whether the immediately prior duty requires modification (STEP 45) in accordance with the illumination intensity data, as shown in the flowchart of
In the case that the duty setting section 14 has judged that the immediately prior duty requires modification (Yes in STEP 45), the duty setting section 14 sets a duty in which consideration has been given to the illumination intensity data and the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 46). For example, the duty setting section 14 reduces the duty in the case that the liquid crystal display device 90 has been placed in a relatively bright environment (the chart of
Conversely, in the case that the duty setting section 14 has judged that the immediately prior duty does not require modification (No in STEP 45), a duty is set in which consideration is given only to the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 4).
In other words, the control unit 1 shown in
(Picture Signal Adaptation Function)
The duty setting section 14 may make judgments that correspond to the luminance or the like of the picture signal (the average signal level ASL or the like). Specifically, the duty setting section 14 receives the histogram data HGM of the histogram processing section 12 via the computation processing section 13, as shown in
The response speed Vr of the liquid crystal molecules 61M has dependency on temperature, and also has dependency on variation between gradations. An example of such dependency is shown in
It is apparent from a comparison of the graph of
In the case that the difference TW is large in such a graph line, the image quality is degraded depending on the characteristics of the backlight BL when there is a difference between the occupancy ratio of a low gradation range and the occupancy ratio of a high gradation range in the image (single frame image).
For example, the response speed Vr of the liquid crystal molecules 61M is relatively low in the case that the occupancy ratio of the low gradation range is high in a low liquid crystal temperature Tp of about 20° C. (essentially, the case of an image having relatively low gradation). Ghost outlines may occur when the duty of the PWM light modulation signal to such liquid crystal molecules 61M is set to a low level, as shown in
Conversely, in the case of a high occupancy ratio in a high gradation range (essentially, the case of an image having relatively high gradation), the response speed Vr of the liquid crystal molecules 61M becomes relatively high. Accordingly, in such a case, the duty of the PWM light modulation signal can be set to a low level in order to improve the sharpness or the like of the image quality (essentially, the effect of black insertion of the PWM light modulation signal is dramatically exhibited).
In the case that the duty is varied in this manner in accordance with the occupancy ratio of the gradation range of an image, the duty setting section 14 acquires the histogram data HGM from the computation processing section 13 (STEP 55), as shown in the flowchart of
For example, in the case that the liquid crystal temperature Tp is high, the difference TW [MVA, HOT] is relatively small, as shown in
Accordingly, a specific gradation range (e.g., low gradation range) in which the duty is preferably varied is not required to be set using the histogram data HGM in the case that the liquid crystal temperature Tp is high (No in STEP 56), as long as the difference in response time that accompanies gradation variation in the case of a high liquid crystal temperature Tp is set within a tolerance range. For this reason, in such a case, the duty setting section 14 sets a duty in which consideration has been given only to the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 4).
Conversely, the duty setting section 14 attempts to vary the duty using the histogram data HGM when the difference in the response time that accompanies gradation variation in the case of a low liquid crystal temperature Tp is set outside a tolerance range, as shown in
The duty setting section 14 acquires the occupancy ratio in the image (a single frame image) of the specific gradation range from the histogram data HGM, and compares the occupancy ratio and the threshold value related to the occupancy ratio of the specific gradation range (occupancy ratio threshold value; e.g., 50%) stored in the memory 17 (STEP 58).
In the case that the occupancy ratio is not at a threshold value or less (essentially, the case in which the occupancy ratio has exceeded the occupancy ratio threshold value; No in STEP 58), the image can be said to have low gradation and contain a large quantity of specific gradation ranges from, e.g., the 0th gradation to the 128th gradation. Consequently, the duty setting section 14 sets a high duty, e.g., 100%, in which consideration has been given only to the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 4) in order to prevent the occurrence of ghost outlines such as shown in
Conversely, in the case that the occupancy ratio is at a threshold value or less (Yes in STEP 58), the image can be said to have high gradation that contains only a small quantity of specific gradation ranges from, e.g., the 0th gradation to the 128th gradation. Consequently, the duty setting section 14 judges whether modification of the immediately prior duty is required in accordance with the occupancy ratio (STEP 59). This is due to the fact that the immediately prior duty, i.e., the duty set in STEP 4, does not vary in the case that the occupancy ratio is high (essentially, the case of an image having low gradation).
In the case that the duty setting section 14 has judged that the immediately prior duty requires modification (Yes in STEP 59), the duty setting section 14 sets a duty that takes into consideration the gradation (essentially, the histogram data HGM) and the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 60). For example, the duty setting section 14 in an MVA mode liquid crystal display device 90 sets a low duty, e.g., 50% in the case that the image having relatively high gradation is displayed on the liquid crystal display panel 60 (the chart of
On the other hand, in the case that the duty setting section 14 has judged that the immediately prior duty does not require modification (No in STEP 59), the duty setting section 14 sets a duty in which consideration is given only to the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 4).
In other words, in the control unit 1, the histogram unit 18 generates a histogram data HGM that shows the frequency distribution of the gradation by forming the picture signal into a histogram. The control unit 1 furthermore divides the entire gradation of the histogram data HGM and judges whether the occupancy ratio in at least one specific gradation range among the divided gradation ranges exceeds or is equal to or less than an occupancy ratio threshold value.
The duty of the case in which the occupancy ratio exceeds the occupancy ratio threshold value is made greater than the duty of the case in which the occupancy ratio is equal to or less than the occupancy ratio threshold value; and the duty of the case in which the occupancy ratio is equal to or less than the occupancy ratio threshold value is made less than the duty of the case in which the occupancy ratio exceeds the occupancy ratio threshold value (the electric current value AM may be varied in accordance with the variation of the duty).
The above-described specific gradation range from the 0th gradation to the 128th gradation and the occupancy ratio threshold value of 50% of the occupancy ratio of the specific gradation range at a liquid crystal temperature Tp of about 20° C. in MVA mode liquid crystal 61 are merely examples (there may be a plurality of specific gradation ranges). For example, at least one among the specific gradation range and the occupancy ratio threshold value may be varied in accordance with the temperature data of the panel thermistor 83, i.e., the liquid crystal temperature Tp. Therefore, the specific gradation range may be set in the case of the liquid crystal temperature Tp such as shown in
With IPS mode liquid crystal 61, the difference TW between the maximum and minimum values of the response time is relatively small both when, as shown in
In other words, the difference in response time that accompanies gradation variation at the high and low liquid crystal temperature Tp is relatively small. Accordingly, the setting of the specific gradation range in the image may be carried out and the duty is furthermore not required to be varied in accordance with the occupancy ratio of the specific range. However, in some cases, the duty may be varied in order to conform to the picture signal adaptation function.
(Combination of Various Functions)
The above-described FRC processing function, the viewing mode setting function, the environment adaptation function, and the picture signal adaptation function may operate in various combinations. The duty may be varied even in such cases.
For example, the duty setting section 14 may judge the presence of FRC processing (STEP 61), as shown in the flowchart of
On the other hand, when FRC processing is present, the duty setting section 14 judges whether the immediately prior duty requires modification in accordance with FRC processing (STEP 62). In the case that the duty setting section 14 has judged that the immediately prior duty does not require modification (No in STEP 62), the duty setting section 14 sets a duty in which consideration has been given to the gradation and the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp in STEP 60 (STEP 60).
Conversely, in the case that the duty setting section 14 has judged that the immediately prior duty requires modification (Yes in STEP 62), the duty setting section 14 subsequently judges (STEP 63) whether the immediately prior duty requires modification in accordance with the viewing mode (e.g., the video level). In the case that the duty setting section 14 has judged that the immediately prior duty does not require modification (No in STEP 63), the duty setting section 14 sets a duty in which consideration has been given to the gradation, FRC processing, and the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 64).
On the other hand, in the case that the duty setting section 14 has judged that the immediately prior duty requires modification (Yes in STEP 63), the duty setting section 14 judges whether the immediately prior duty requires modification in accordance with the illumination intensity data (STEP 65). In the case that the duty setting section 14 has judged that the immediately prior duty does not require modification (No in STEP 65), the duty setting section 14 sets a duty in which consideration has been given to the gradation, FRC processing, the viewing mode, and the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 66).
Conversely, in the case that the duty setting section 14 has judged that the immediately prior duty requires modification (Yes in STEP 65), the duty setting section 14 sets a duty in which consideration has been given to the gradation, FRC processing, the viewing mode, the illumination intensity data, and the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 67).
In other words, the duty setting section 14 varies the duty even in the case that the FRC processing function, the viewing mode setting function, the environment adaptation function, and the picture signal adaptation function operate in combination, as shown in the flowchart of
The order of the functions is not limited to the order of the picture signal adaptation function, the FRC processing function, the viewing mode setting function, and the environment adaptation function, as shown in the flowchart of
<Examples of the Numerical Values Related to the Duty of the PWM Light Modulation Signal>
In the description above, 50% and 100% were mainly given as examples of the numerical values of the duty. However, it is apparent that no limitation is imposed by these numerical values.
For example,
When a comparison is made of
Conversely, in
When a comparison is made of
In the case that the response speed Vr of the liquid crystal molecules 61M is relatively high, it is apparent from the graphs that the effect of black insertion is dramatically demonstrated as the duty is reduced (e.g., the sharpness or the like of the image quality is improved). In other words, in the case that the response speed Vr of the liquid crystal molecules 61M is relatively high, the duty is preferably 50% or less, and more preferably 30% or less.
Embodiment 2 will be described. The same reference numerals are used for the members having the same function as the members used in embodiment 1, and a description thereof is omitted.
In embodiment 1, the duty of the PWM light modulation signal, or the duty and the electric current value of the PWM light modulation signal were modified in various ways to improve image quality. It is possible to improve the image quality using other than such control. For example, the image quality can be improved by making variations in the drive frequency FQ[PWM] of the PWM light modulation signal. In view thereof, a liquid crystal display device 90 for carrying out such control is described below.
<Liquid Crystal Display Device>
The histogram data HGM (HGM[S]/HGM[L]) of the computation processing section 13, the various data stored in the memory 17 (memory data DM), the mode description signal MD that describes the type of viewing mode of the viewing mode setting section 16, the temperature data of the panel thermistor 83, and the illumination intensity data of the environment illumination intensity sensor 84 are not sent to the duty setting section 14, but are rather sent to the control unit 1 (more specifically, the LED controller 30), as shown in
More specifically, the histogram data HGM, the memory data DM, the mode description signal MD, the temperature data, the illumination intensity data, and the ON/OFF signals are sent to a drive frequency variation section 41 included in the LED controller 30. The drive frequency variation section 41 switches the drive frequency FQ[PWM] on the basis of the liquid crystal temperature Tp.
For example, in the case that the frame frequency of the liquid crystal display panel 60 is 120 Hz and the drive frequency FQ[PWM] of the PWM light modulation signal is also 120 Hz (where the duty is 50%), ghost outlines are more likely to occur the lower the liquid crystal temperature Tp is, as shown in
<Improvement in Image Quality Using the Drive Frequency of the PWM Light Modulation Signal for Controlling the Light Emission of the LEDs>
In the case of embodiment 2, the duty is not varied, and the drive frequency variation section 41 changes the drive frequency FQ[PWM] of the PWM light modulation signal to a frequency higher than the 120 Hz, e.g., 480 Hz. Consequently, light is supplied to the liquid crystal display panel 60 in continuous fashion so as to include fixed gaps in the response process time span CW (see
However, it is apparent from a comparison of
When the boundary between the black image and the white image moves as shown in
Such pixels, which appear in a continuous manner in the pixel range PA [50L-480], are recognized to be problematic pixels (see image diagram). More specifically, switching from the black image to the white image is not carried out a high speed, and pixels in which the amount of variation of the integral luminance is different are included in the pixel range PA [50L-480] (essentially, the slope of the graph of
However, the number of high intervals in the PWM light modulation signal in the response process time span CW is large in the case of
<<Variation in the Drive Frequency of the PWM Light Modulation Signal>>
In light of the above result of
In other words, the LEDs 71 can be driven at a relatively low drive frequency FQ[PWM] in the case that the response speed Vr of the liquid crystal molecules 61M is relatively high, as shown in the chart of
As described in embodiment 1, the threshold value (response time data threshold value) that determines whether the response speed Vr is high or low is arbitrarily set. Therefore, the charts appearing in
In other words, there is at least one arbitrary threshold value, a plurality of arbitrary ranges of response speeds Vr are set using the threshold value(s) as a boundary, and the drive frequency FQ[PWM] can be varied for each range. With this configuration, the response speed Vr of the liquid crystal molecules 61M is divided into stages, and improvement in image quality is ensured in accordance with the stages.
In particular, the drive frequency FQ[PWM] can be varied for each range of the response speed Vr so that an inverse relationship is formed with the magnitude relationship related to the range of the plurality of response speeds Vr. For example, in the case that the numerical value of the response speed Vr is Vr1, which is a small value, the drive frequency FQ[PWM] becomes a FQ[PWM] 2, which is a large value; and in the case that the numerical value of the response speed Vr is Vr2, which is a large value, the drive frequency FQ[PWM] becomes a FQ[PWM] 1, which is a small value, as shown in
One reason for fluctuations in the response speed Vr in the liquid crystal molecules 61M in a single liquid crystal display device 90 is the temperature Tp of the liquid crystal molecules 61M. In view of this fact, the chart of
More specifically, the drive frequency variation section 41 of the LED controller 30 included in the control unit 1 acquires the temperature measurement data (temperature data) from the panel thermistor 83, as shown in
Specifically, the memory data DM is a data table of the response speeds Vr of the liquid crystal molecules 61M that depend on the temperature of the liquid crystal 61 (liquid crystal temperature Tp). In other words, the drive frequency variation section 41 acquires the response speed Vr by correlating the temperature data of the panel thermistor 83 and the liquid crystal temperature Tp of the data table.
The drive frequency variation section 41 sets the drive frequency FQ[PWM] of the PWM light modulation signal that corresponds to the acquired response speed Vr. The method for setting the drive frequency FQ[PWM] is not particularly limited. A possible configuration is one in which, e.g., the drive frequency variation section 41 acquires the response speed Vr, then carries out internal processing to generate a setting signal CS, and sets the drive frequency FQ[PWM]; and, in another example, internally stores the data table of the drive frequency FQ[PWM] which has dependence on the response speed Vr, generates a setting signal CS using the data table, and sets the drive frequency FQ[PWM].
<<Other Factors>>
As described in embodiment 1, the liquid crystal display device 90 may include a picture signal adaptation function, an FRC processing function, a viewing mode setting function, and an environment adaptation function.
There are cases in which the drive frequency FQ[PWM] of the PWM light modulation signal is preferably varied in accordance with these various functions. For example, the drive frequency variation section 41 of the LED controller 30 acquires the temperature data of the panel thermistor 83 (STEP 101) and acquires the response speed Vr of the liquid crystal molecules 61M (STEP 102), as shown in the flowchart of
In view of the above, the drive frequency variation section 41 judges the response speed Vr (response time data). Specifically, the drive frequency variation section 41 judges whether the drive frequency FQ[PWM] setting should be varied or not in accordance with whether various functions are in effect (STEP 103). For example, in the case that a black insertion effect can be obtained (No in STEP 103) when the response speed Vr is high and drive frequency FQ[PWM] is set to be low regardless of whether various functions are in effect, the drive frequency variation section 41 sets the drive frequency FQ[PWM] to, e.g., 120 Hz with consideration given to the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 104). With this configuration, the video performance and the like related to image quality is improved.
However, in the case that the drive frequency variation section 41 has judged that the setting of the drive frequency FQ[PWM] is preferably varied because various functions are in effect (Yes in STEP 103), the drive frequency variation section 41 sets the drive frequency FQ[PWM] with consideration given to the various functions. With this configuration, improvement in the image quality can be reliably ensured.
(Picture Signal Adaptation Function)
For example, the drive frequency variation section 41 may make judgments that correspond to the luminance or the like of the picture signal (the average signal level ASL or the like). Ordinarily, the on-time of the LEDs 71 is set to be short (essentially, a low duty) in the case that, e.g., the occupancy ratio of a low gradation range is high (essentially, the case of an image having relatively low gradation) in a single frame of an image. Conversely, the on-time of the LEDs 71 is set to be long (essentially, a high duty) in the case that, e.g., the occupancy ratio of a low gradation range is low (essentially, the case of an image having relatively high gradation) in a single frame of an image.
Consequently, in the case that the image has relatively high gradation, the liquid crystal molecules 61M of the response process time span CW are more prominent in terms of the light from the LEDs 71 (i.e., the backlight BL), and ghost outlines and afterimages or the like may occur as a result.
In view thereof, the drive frequency FQ[PWM] is varied in accordance with the occupancy ratio of the gradation range of the image, as shown in the flowchart of
This is due to the fact that, as described in embodiment 1, there are cases in which the difference in response times accompanying gradation variation when the liquid crystal temperature Tp is at a high temperature is set to be the tolerance range; e.g., as shown in
Thus, in the case that the liquid crystal temperature Tp is high, there is no requirement to set a specific gradation range in which the drive frequency FQ[PWM] is preferably varied using the histogram data HGM (No in STEP 106). Accordingly, in such a case, the drive frequency variation section 41 sets the drive frequency FQ[PWM] with consideration given only to the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 104).
Conversely, when the difference in the response times accompanying gradation variation when the liquid crystal temperature Tp is at a low temperature is set to be outside the tolerance range, the drive frequency variation section 41 varies the drive frequency FQ[PWM] using the histogram data HGM (Yes in STEP 106).
Specifically, the drive frequency variation section 41 sets a specific gradation range in which the drive frequency FQ[PWM] is preferably varied, from the histogram data HGM and the gradation threshold value set in accordance with the liquid crystal temperature Tp stored in the memory 17 (STEP 107). For example, in the case that the liquid crystal temperature Tp is low (e.g., about 20° C.) with MVA mode liquid crystal 61, the 0th gradation to the 128th gradation is set as the specific gradation range, as shown in
The drive frequency variation section 41 furthermore acquires the occupancy ratio in the image having the specific gradation range (a single-frame image), and makes a comparison of the occupancy ratio and the threshold value related to the occupancy ratio (occupancy ratio threshold value; e.g., 50%) of the specific gradation range stored in the memory 17 (STEP 108).
In the case that the occupancy ratio is not at or less than the threshold value (essentially, the case in which the occupancy ratio is greater than the occupancy ratio threshold value; No in STEP 108), the image can be said to have low gradation and contain a large quantity of specific gradation ranges from, e.g., the 0th gradation to the 128th gradation. Consequently, the duty of the PWM light modulation signal in relation to the low-gradation image is less than the duty of the PWM light modulation signal in relation to a high-gradation image.
Accordingly, the liquid crystal molecules 61M in the response process time span CW are less likely to become more prominent in terms of the light from the LEDs 71, and ghost outlines and afterimages or the like are less likely to occur as a result. In view thereof, the drive frequency FQ[PWM], in which consideration has been given only to the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp, is set, e.g., to 120 Hz by the drive frequency variation section 41 (STEP 104).
Conversely, in the case that the occupancy ratio is at or less than the threshold value (Yes in STEP 108), the image can be said to have high gradation and contain only a small quantity of specific gradation ranges from, e.g., the 0th gradation to the 128th gradation. Hence, the drive frequency variation section 41 judges whether the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM] requires modification in accordance with the occupancy ratio (STEP 109). This is due to the fact that there are cases in which the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM], i.e., the drive frequency FQ[PWM] set in STEP 104 does not vary from the drive frequency FQ[PWM] in the case that the occupancy ratio is high (essentially, the case of an image having low gradation).
In the case that the drive frequency variation section 41 judges that the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM] requires modification (Yes in STEP 109), the drive frequency variation section 41 sets a drive frequency FQ[PWM] in which consideration has been given to the gradation (essentially, the histogram data HGM) and the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 110).
For example, the drive frequency variation section 41 in an MVA mode liquid crystal display device 90 sets the drive frequency FQ[PWM] to, e.g., 480 Hz in the case that an image having relatively high gradation is displayed on the liquid crystal display panel 60 (the chart of
On the other hand, in the case that the drive frequency variation section 41 has judged that the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM] does not require modification (No in STEP 109), the drive frequency variation section 41 sets a drive frequency FQ[PWM] in which consideration has been given only to the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 104).
In other words, in the control unit 1, the histogram unit 18 generates a histogram data HGM that shows the frequency distribution of the gradation by forming the picture signal into a histogram. The control unit 1 furthermore divides the entire gradation of the histogram data HGM and judges whether the occupancy ratio in at least one specific gradation range among the divided gradation ranges exceeds or is equal to or less than an occupancy ratio threshold value.
The drive frequency FQ[PWM] in a case where the occupancy ratio exceeds the occupancy ratio threshold value is made less than the drive frequency FQ[PWM] in a case where the occupancy ratio is equal to or less than the occupancy ratio threshold value; and the drive frequency FQ[PWM] in a case where the occupancy ratio is equal to or less than the occupancy ratio threshold value is made greater than the drive frequency FQ[PWM] in a case where the occupancy ratio exceeds the occupancy ratio threshold value.
The above-described specific gradation range from the 0th gradation to the 128th gradation and the occupancy ratio threshold value of 50% of the occupancy ratio of the specific gradation range at a liquid crystal temperature Tp of about 20° C. in MVA mode liquid crystal 61 are merely examples, in the same manner as embodiment 1 (there may be a plurality of specific gradation ranges). The drive frequencies FQ[PWM] 480 Hz and 120 Hz described above are merely examples.
In the case of IPS mode liquid crystal 61, the specific gradation range in the image may be carried out and the drive frequency FQ[PWM] may be varied in accordance with the occupancy ratio of the specific gradation range in the same manner as embodiment 1, as shown in
(FRC Processing Function)
For example, the drive frequency variation section 41 may judge whether FRC processing is present (STEP 125), as shown in the flowchart of
In the case that FRC processing is being carried out (No in STEP 125), the picture variation between frames becomes relatively more detailed, and the tilt of the liquid crystal molecules 61M in the response process time span CW is less likely to be prominent. Accordingly, the drive frequency variation section 41 sets the same drive frequency FQ[PWM] as the drive frequency FQ[PWM] in which consideration has been given to response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp in order to enhance video performance (STEP 104).
Conversely, in the case that FRC processing is not being carried out (Yes in STEP 125), the drive frequency variation section 41 judges whether the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM] requires modification in accordance with the FRC processing (STEP 126). This is due to the fact that there are cases in which the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM], i.e., the drive frequency FQ[PWM] set in STEP 104, does not vary from the drive frequency FQ[PWM] in the case that FRC processing has been carried out.
In the case that the drive frequency variation section 41 has judged that the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM] requires modification (Yes in STEP 126), the drive frequency variation section 41 sets a drive frequency FQ[PWM] in which consideration has been given to FRC processing and the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 127). For example, the drive frequency variation section 41 increases the drive frequency FQ[PWM] in the case that FRC processing is not present (the chart of
On the other hand, in the case that the drive frequency variation section 41 has judged that the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM] does not require modification (No in STEP 126), the drive frequency variation section 41 sets a drive frequency FQ[PWM] in which consideration has been given only to the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 104).
In other words, the control unit 1 shown in
(Viewing Mode Setting Function)
The drive frequency variation section 41 may make judgments that correspond to the setting of the viewing mode. Specifically, the drive frequency variation section 41 receives a mode description signal MD that shows the type of viewing mode, e.g., a natural mode having a relatively low video level, from the viewing mode setting section 16 of the picture signal processing section 10.
The drive frequency variation section 41 judges whether the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM] requires modification (STEP 135) in accordance with the video level, as shown in the flowchart of
In the case that the drive frequency variation section 41 has judged that the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM] requires modification (Yes in STEP 135), the drive frequency variation section 41 sets a drive frequency FQ[PWM] in which consideration has been given to the video level and the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 136). For example, the drive frequency variation section 41 increases the drive frequency FQ[PWM] in the case that the natural mode has been set (the chart of
On the other hand, in the case that the drive frequency variation section 41 has judged that the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM] does not require modification (No in STEP 135), the drive frequency variation section 41 sets a drive frequency FQ[PWM] in which consideration has been given only to the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 104).
In other words, the control unit 1 includes a viewing mode setting section 16 for switching the viewing mode of the liquid crystal display panel 60, and in the case that the viewing mode setting section 16 has switched the viewing mode, the control unit 1 (more specifically, the drive frequency variation section 41) varies the drive frequency FQ[PWM] in accordance with the selected viewing mode.
An example of such variation of drive frequency FQ[PWM] is one in which the drive frequency FQ[PWM] is varied for each selected viewing mode (see
The drive frequency variation section 41 may make a judgment that corresponds to the setting of the viewing mode in which the contrast ratio is different. Specifically, the drive frequency variation section 41 receives a mode description signal MD that shows the type of viewing mode from the viewing mode setting section 16, e.g., a signal indicating a cinema mode having a relatively low contrast ratio.
The drive frequency variation section 41 judges whether the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM] requires modification included in the liquid crystal display panel in accordance with the contrast ratio (STEP 145), as shown in the flowchart of
In the case that the drive frequency variation section 41 has judged that the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM] requires modification (Yes in STEP 145), the drive frequency variation section 41 sets a drive frequency FQ[PWM] in which consideration has been given to the contrast ratio and the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 146). For example, the drive frequency variation section 41 increases the drive frequency FQ[PWM] in the case that the cinema mode has been set (the chart of
On the other hand, in the case that the drive frequency variation section 41 has judged that the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM] does not require modification (No in STEP 145), the drive frequency variation section 41 sets a drive frequency FQ[PWM] in which consideration has been given only to the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 104).
In other words, in the case that the viewing mode setting section 16 has set a high contrast level viewing mode and a low contrast level viewing mode in accordance with the contrast level of the picture data, the drive frequency FQ[PWM] is varied for each selected viewing mode (see
There are many types of viewing modes, and the drive frequency variation section 41 may set the drive frequency FQ[PWM] by combining various modes. For example, the drive frequency variation section 41 receives a mode description signal MD that shows the type of viewing mode, e.g., a signal indicating a natural mode having a relatively low video level and a cinema mode having a relatively low contrast ratio, from the viewing mode setting section 16.
The drive frequency variation section 41 judges whether the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM] requires modification in accordance with, e.g., the video level (STEP 135), as shown in the flowchart of
On the other hand, in the case that the drive frequency variation section 41 has judged that the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM] requires modification (Yes in STEP 135), the drive frequency variation section 41 then judges whether the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM] requires modification in accordance with the contrast ratio (STEP 156). In the case that the drive frequency variation section 41 has judged that the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM] requires modification (Yes in STEP 156), the drive frequency variation section 41 sets a drive frequency FQ[PWM] in which consideration has been given to the video level, the contrast ratio, and the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 157).
Conversely, in the case that the drive frequency variation section 41 has judged that the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM] does not require modification (No in STEP 156), the drive frequency variation section 41 sets a drive frequency FQ[PWM] in which consideration has been given to the video level and the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 136).
In the flowchart of
(Environment Adaptation Function)
The drive frequency variation section 41 may make judgments that correspond to the light level of the environment in which the liquid crystal molecules 61M are placed. Specifically, the drive frequency variation section 41 receives the illumination intensity data of the environment illumination intensity sensor 84 (essentially, the information used by the drive frequency variation section 41 to judge the light level of the location in which the liquid crystal display device 90 is placed is the illumination intensity measured by the environment illumination intensity sensor 84 for measuring the external illumination intensity).
The drive frequency variation section 41 judges whether the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM] requires modification (STEP 165) in accordance with the illumination intensity data, as shown in the flowchart of
In the case that the drive frequency variation section 41 has judged that the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM] requires modification (Yes in STEP 165), the drive frequency variation section 41 sets a drive frequency FQ[PWM] in which consideration has been given to the illumination intensity data and the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 166). For example, the drive frequency variation section 41 increases the drive frequency FQ[PWM] in the case that the liquid crystal display device 90 is placed in a relatively dark environment (the chart of
Conversely, in the case that the drive frequency variation section 41 has judged that the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM] does not require modification (No in STEP 165), the drive frequency variation section 41 sets a drive frequency FQ[PWM] in which consideration has been given only to the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 104).
In other words, the control unit 1 shown in
(Combination of Various Functions)
The above-described picture signal adaptation function, the FRC processing function, the viewing mode setting function, and the environment adaptation function may operate in various combinations. The drive frequency FQ[PWM] may be varied even in such cases.
For example, the drive frequency variation section 41 may judge the presence of a picture signal adaptation function, as shown in the flowchart of
In the case that it has been judged that a specific gradation range is not required to be set (No in STEP 172), the drive frequency variation section 41 sets a drive frequency FQ[PWM] in which consideration has been given to the illumination intensity data and the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 166).
On the other hand, in the case that a specific gradation range can be set (Yes in STEP 172), the drive frequency variation section 41 sets the specific gradation range (STEP 173), and furthermore acquires the occupancy ratio in the image (single-frame image) of the specific gradation range. A comparison is made of the occupancy ratio and the threshold value related to the occupancy ratio of the specific gradation range stored in the memory 17 (STEP 174).
In the case that the occupancy ratio is not equal to or less a threshold value (No in STEP 174), the image can be said to have low gradation and contain a large quantity of specific gradation ranges from, e.g., the 0th gradation to the 128th gradation. The liquid crystal molecules 61M in the response process time span CW are less likely to become more prominent in terms of the light from the LEDs 71, and ghost outlines and afterimages or the like are less likely to occur as a result. In view thereof, the drive frequency variation section 41 sets a drive frequency FQ[PWM] in which consideration has been given to the illumination intensity data and the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 166).
Conversely, in the case that the occupancy ratio is at or less than the threshold value (Yes in STEP 174), the image can be said to have high gradation and contain only a small quantity of specific gradation ranges from, e.g., the 0th gradation to the 128th gradation. Hence, the drive frequency variation section 41 judges whether the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM] requires modification in accordance with the occupancy ratio (STEP 175).
In the case that the drive frequency variation section 41 has judged that the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM] requires modification (Yes in STEP 175; continuing from the flowchart of
On the other hand, the drive frequency variation section 41 judges whether the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM] requires modification in the case that FRC processing is being carried out (STEP 178). In the case that the drive frequency variation section 41 has judged that the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM] does not require modification (No in STEP 178), the drive frequency variation section 41 sets a drive frequency FQ[PWM] in which consideration has been given to the illumination intensity data, the gradation, and the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 177).
On the other hand, in the case that the drive frequency variation section 41 has judged that the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM] requires modification (Yes in STEP 178), the drive frequency variation section 41 subsequently judges (STEP 179) whether the immediately prior duty requires modification in accordance with the viewing mode (e.g., the video level). In the case that the drive frequency variation section 41 has judged that the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM] does not require modification (No in STEP 179), the drive frequency variation section 41 sets a drive frequency FQ[PWM] in which consideration has been given to the illumination intensity data, the gradation, FRC processing, and the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 180).
Conversely, in the case that the drive frequency variation section 41 has judged that the immediately prior drive frequency FQ[PWM] requires modification (Yes in STEP 179), the drive frequency variation section 41 sets a drive frequency FQ[PWM] in which consideration has been given to the illumination intensity data, the gradation, FRC processing, the viewing mode, the illumination intensity data, and the response speed Vr that corresponds to the liquid crystal temperature Tp (STEP 181).
The drive frequency variation section 41 varies the drive frequency FQ[PWM] even in the case that the environment adaptation function, the picture signal adaptation function, the FRC processing function, and the viewing mode setting function operate in combination, as shown in the flowcharts of
The order of the functions is not limited to the order of the environment adaptation function, the picture signal adaptation function, the FRC processing function, and the viewing mode setting function, as shown in the flowchart of
<<Numerical Values of Drive Frequency of PWM Light Modulation Signal>>
Previously, 120 Hz and 480 Hz were cited by way of exemplary drive frequencies FQ[PWM] of the PWM light modulation signal in a case of a frame frequency of 120 Hz, as shown in
For example, the drive frequency FQ[PWM] may be a value exceeding 120 Hz but less than 480 Hz, such as 240 Hz or 360 Hz; or a value exceeding 480 Hz (that is, the drive frequency FQ[PWM] should be the same as, or greater than, the frame frequency). However, it is preferable for the drive frequency FQ[PWM] to be an integral multiple of the frame frequency, because it is easy to attain synchronization of the frame frequency and the drive frequency FQ[PWM] with one another.
Provided that an excessive degradation in picture quality does not arise, there may be adopted a drive frequency FQ[PWM] that is smaller than the frame frequency. For example, for liquid crystal display panels 60 driven at 240 Hz, which are becoming more common in the market, a drive frequency FQ[PWM] of 120 Hz for the LED 71 is acceptable.
In cases such as this, the control unit 1 will match the low interval of the PWM light modulation signal with an interval equal to at least one frame in continuous frames. The reason for doing so is that excessive degradation in picture quality will not arise.
The drive frequency FQ[PWM] of the LED 71 for a liquid crystal display panel 60 driven at a frame frequency of 120 Hz may be 60 Hz (see
As shown in
In so doing, in a comparable fashion to
The present invention is not limited to the aforedescribed embodiments; various modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
<<Overdrive Driving>>
For example, in order to accelerate the response speed Vr of the liquid crystals 61 in the liquid crystal display device 90, an overdrive voltage may be applied to the liquid crystals 61. Specifically, as shown in
To describe in detail, as will be clear from a comparison of the response speed Vr of
In so doing, the luminance value in the response process time span CW is higher as compared with the luminance value in the lower graph of
That is, the control unit 1 includes a function of overdriving the voltage applied to the liquid crystals 61. The control unit 1 then varies the duty of the PWM light modulation signal, depending on the presence of overdrive. In a case where there is an overdrive process, the duty is lower as compared with the duty in a case where there is no overdrive process (the current value AM may also vary depending on variation in duty).
Also, the control unit 1 may vary the drive frequency FQ[PWM] of the PWM light modulation signal depending on the presence of overdrive. The drive frequency FQ[PWM] in the case where there is an overdrive process is lower as compared with the drive frequency FQ[PWM] a case where there is no overdrive process. Improvement in the picture quality of the liquid crystal display device 90 may be realized by the control unit 1 carrying out any of these controls.
<<Liquid Crystal Display Device>>
In Embodiment 1, the duty setting section 14 and the electric current value setting section 15 were included in the picture signal processing section 10 in the control unit 1. However, these may be included in the LED controller 30 rather than in the picture signal processing section 10. Specifically, using the duty setting section 14 and the electric current value setting section 15, the LED controller 30 may vary the duty of the PWM light modulation signal, or the duty and the electric current value.
In Embodiment 2, the drive frequency variation section 41 was included in the LED controller 30. However, it may be included in the picture signal processing section 10 rather than in the LED controller 30. Specifically, using the drive frequency variation section 41, the picture signal processing section 10 may vary the drive frequency FQ[PWM] of the PWM light modulation signal.
In the preceding, the control unit 1 receives a picture/audio signal such as a television broadcast signal, and the picture signal in the signal is processed by the picture signal processing section 102. Because of this, the receiving device installed in this sort of liquid crystal display device 90 can be called a television broadcast receiving device (a so-called liquid crystal television). However, the picture signal processed by the liquid crystal display device 90 is not limited to a television broadcast. For example, a picture signal included in a recording medium for video recording of content such as a movie or the like, or a picture signal transmitted via the Internet, is also acceptable.
That is, the duty setting section 14, the electric current value setting section 15, and the drive frequency variation section 41 may be included anywhere in the control unit 1, and designed such that the most efficient operation is possible (i.e., there is a high degree of freedom in design of the control unit 1).
As seen from this graph, the liquid crystal display device 90 is designed such that, in a case where the response speed Vr of the liquid crystal molecules 61M is rapid, black is inserted by lowering the duty, whereas in a case where the response speed Vr of the liquid crystal molecules 61M is slow, ghost outlines are prevented by increasing the duty. In order to prevent ghost outlines, the liquid crystal display device 90 is designed to increase the PWM light modulation signal FQ[PWM] of the LED 71 to higher than the drive frequency (frame frequency) of the liquid crystal display panel 60.
Specifically, the liquid crystal display device 90 may have at least one of a function for varying duty relating to the PWM light modulation signal described in Embodiment 1, or the duty and electric current value of the PWM light modulation signal; and a function of varying the drive frequency FQ[PWM] relating to the PWM light modulation signal described in Embodiment 2.
<<Local Dimming>>
Further, the control unit 1 can divide a plurality of LEDs 71, and control light emission by one, or a plurality of, the divided LEDs 71 (see the broken line divisions. Separated LEDs 71 are termed a divided light source Gr). Specifically, in this backlight unit 70, the LEDs 71 are arranged so as to be capable of partially supplying light to a surface of the liquid crystal display panel 60.
In the liquid crystal display device 90 like that of Embodiment 1, the control unit 1 may vary the duty, or the duty and the electric current value, of every one of the divided LEDs 71. Similarly, in the liquid crystal display device 90 like that of Embodiment 2, the control unit 1 may vary the drive frequency FQ[PWM] of every one of the divided LEDs 71.
As one example, in a case where the number of divided LED 71 (divided light sources Gr) is a plural number, the LEDs 71 thereof may emit linear light in the plane of the liquid crystal display panel 60, emit light in accordance with blocks obtained by dividing the plane interior in ordered fashion, or emit light in accordance with a partial area in the plane.
An example like that shown in
Of the LEDs 71 of the backlight unit 70, the group of LEDs 71 corresponding to AREA 1 (Gr1; the LEDs 71 with crosshatching) is set, for example, to a drive frequency FQ[PWM] of 480 Hz, corresponding to a white image. Meanwhile, because the remaining LEDs 71 correspond to the gray area corresponding to AREA 2, a setting of, for example, 120 Hz may be contemplated. However, the setting is made such that not all of the remaining LEDs 71 are driven at a drive frequency FQ[PWM] of 120 Hz.
To describe in detail, a group of LEDs 71 corresponding to the vicinity of the boundary between the white image (AREA 1) and the gray image (AREA 2) (Gr2; the LEDs 71 with diagonal lines) is set to a drive frequency FQ[PWM] which is a lower frequency than 480 Hz; for example, to 360 Hz, while the other LEDs 71 (Gr3; LED with halftone dots) are set to be driven at a drive frequency FQ[PWM] of 120 Hz.
Ordinarily, in the vicinity of the boundary between a white image and a gray image, light of a high drive frequency FQ[PWM] corresponding to the white image tends to infiltrate the gray image side. In such cases, despite the LEDs 71 being driven at a low drive frequency FQ[PWM] in order to obtain a black insertion effect for the purpose of the gray image, it is difficult to obtain a black insertion effect, due to light of a high drive frequency FQ[PWM] infiltrating the gray image side.
However, when the group (Gr2) of LEDs 71 corresponding to the boundary between the white image and the gray image has a drive frequency FQ[PWM] of 360 Hz, the frequency will be low as compared with the group (Gr1) of LEDs 71 corresponding to the white image. Because of this, the reduction in the black insertion effect is minimized.
A so-called direct backlight unit 70 was cited as an example of the backlight unit 70 for local dimming; however, no limitation is provided thereby. As shown in
The reason is that even with such a backlight unit 70, because individual control of light emitted from each of the light guides 72p is possible, the display area of the liquid crystal display panel 60 can be partially irradiated. Because partial irradiation of the liquid crystal panel 60 is possible with any of these local dimming (active area type) backlight units 70, it is possible to minimize power consumption. Additionally, by bringing about localized variation of the duty, or of the duty and the electric current value, partial control of the quantity of light is realized, and variations in luminance level are kept in check, making it possible to provide optimum picture quality.
<<Other Liquid Crystal Modes>>
In the preceding, TN mode, VA mode, IPS mode, OCB mode, and the like were cited as modes of the liquid crystal 61; further, MVA mode was described as one example of VA mode using
For example, a liquid crystal 61 mode such as that shown in
A pixel electrode 65P of linear form and an opposing electrode 65Q of linear form are formed on one face of an active matrix substrate 62, facing towards the liquid crystal 61 side. In particular, the electrodes 65P, 65Q are arranged to face towards one another (the shape of the electrodes 65P, 65Q is not limited to linear form; a pectinate form such as that shown in
Further, as shown in
In so doing, the polarization film 64P and the polarization film 64Q form a crossed Nicol arrangement, whereupon backlight light BL passing through the active matrix substrate 62 is not emitted to the outside (that is, the liquid crystal display panel 60 is in normal black mode).
On the other hand, when a voltage is applied across the pixel electrode 65P and the opposing electrode 65Q, the liquid crystal molecules 61M attempt to face along the electric field generated between the electrodes 65P, 65Q. This electric field direction is arcuate along the direction LD in which the pixel electrode 65P and the opposing electrode 65Q are arranged in a row (that is, the leading edge of the curve faces the opposing substrate 63, and arcuate electric force lines are generated that follow along the direction LD in which the pixel electrode 65P and the opposing electrode 65Q are arranged in a row; see the two-dot chain line of
Thereupon, the liquid crystal molecules 61M whose initial orientation has followed along the vertical direction of the substrates 62, 63 assume the following state under the influence of the arcuate electric field direction. Specifically, as shown in
Once the liquid crystal molecules 61M are oriented in this manner, some of the backlight light BL which has passed through the active matrix substrate 62 is emitted to the exterior as light following along the transmissive axis of the polarization film 64Q due to the tilt of the liquid crystal molecules 61M.
In other words, whereas in VA-IPS mode the liquid crystal molecules 61M are positive-type just as in IPS mode, in cases where voltage is not being applied to the electrodes 65P, 65Q, the major-axis direction thereof is oriented so as to be aligned along the vertical direction of the two substrates 62, 63 (assuming a homeotropic orientation).
Even in cases where voltage has been applied to the electrodes 65P, 65Q, some of the liquid crystal molecules 61M are aligned such that the major-axis direction thereof is made to follow along the vertical direction of the two substrates 62, 63; but in cases where voltage is applied to the electrodes 65P, 65Q, the rest of the liquid crystal molecules 61M are aligned such that the major-axis direction thereof is made to follow along the arcuate electric field direction between the electrodes 65P, 65Q. As a result, in cases where voltage is applied to the liquid crystal display panel 60, there is a mixture of arcuately oriented liquid crystal molecules 61M, and liquid crystal molecules 61M oriented as shown by the arrow with respect to the arcuate form (liquid crystal molecules 61M following along the vertical direction of the substrates 62, 63).
Due to this orientation pattern of the liquid crystal molecules 61M, the variation in response speed Vr between gradations of the liquid crystal molecules 61 is different than for the MVA mode and the IPS mode.
As shown by the graph of
On the other hand, while the tendency in the IPS mode is similar to that in the MVA mode, due to a characteristic of the liquid crystal molecules 61M to rotate, differentials in response time between individual gradations are smaller as compared with the MVA mode.
However, in the case of the VA-IPS mode, response times corresponding to low gradations and high gradations are relatively short, while response times corresponding to intermediate gradations are relatively long. The reason is as follows.
In the VA-IPS mode, in cases where a high-gradation image is displayed, the response time is short because a relatively high voltage is applied to the liquid crystal molecules 61M, in similar fashion to the MVA mode and the IPS mode.
In cases where a low-gradation image is displayed, while the voltage applied to the liquid crystal molecules 61M is relatively low, the liquid crystal molecules 61M tilt in a crescent to follow along the arcuate electric field direction. In such cases, flux (flow) of the liquid crystal acts to accelerate variation of orientation, and therefore response time is shorter (the flow effect is generated in cases of high-gradation as well).
On the other hand, in cases where an intermediate-gradation image is displayed, while the liquid crystal molecules 61M try to tilt further in a crescent as compared with cases where a low-gradation image is displayed, liquid crystal molecules 61M that follow along the vertical direction of the substrates 62, 63 are always situated in the vicinity of the middle between the electrodes 65P, 65Q (to describe in greater detail, in the vicinity of the center of the arcuate electric field).
Because of this, as the other liquid crystal molecules 61M tilt so as to fall over relative to the liquid crystal molecules 61M following along the vertical direction of the substrates 62, 63, energy density reaches a high level in the area where these liquid crystal molecules 61M are gathered. As the energy density reaches a high level in this way, more energy is needed in order for the liquid crystal molecules 61M to tilt, and therefore the response speed Vr is lower.
For reasons such as the preceding, in the case of the VA-IPS mode, a different graph line is shown than in the MVA mode and the IPS mode. However, as shown in
Consequently, in cases where there is such a large differential TW of graph lines, when there is a differential between the occupancy ratio of the low-gradation range, the occupancy ratio of the intermediate-gradation range, and the occupancy ratio of the high-gradation range in an image (single-frame image), this may cause degradation of picture quality, depending on the characteristics of the backlight light BL.
For example, at a low-temperature liquid crystal temperature Tp of about 20° C., when the occupancy ratio of the intermediate-gradation range (for example, a gradation range of from 100 to 192 within a total gradation range of from 0 to 255) is high, the response speed Vr of the liquid crystal molecules 61M is relatively low. Where the duty of the PWM light modulation signal is set to a low level for such liquid crystal molecules 61M, there is a possibility of ghost outlines occurring, as shown in
Conversely, where the occupancy ratio of the low-gradation range and the occupancy ratio of the high-gradation range are high, the response speed Vr of the liquid crystal molecules 61M is relatively high. Because of this, in such cases, the duty of the PWM light modulation signal should be set to a low level (that is, so that the black insertion effect of the PWM light modulation signal is dramatically exhibited).
In VA-IPS mode, the control unit 1 may use histogram data HGM when setting the duty of the PWM light modulation signal, in the same fashion as in the MVA mode discussed in Embodiment 1.
In other words, the control unit 1 divides all gradations of the histogram data HGM, and decides whether the occupancy ratio in at least one specific gradation range among the divided gradation ranges exceeds, or is equal to or less than, an occupancy ratio threshold value. Then, the duty in a case where the occupancy ratio exceeds the occupancy ratio threshold value is set to be greater than the duty when the occupancy ratio is equal to or less than the threshold value; whereas the duty in a case where the occupancy ratio is equal to or less than the occupancy ratio threshold value is set to be lower than the duty in a case where the occupancy ratio exceeds the occupancy ratio threshold value (the electric current value AM may also be varied depending on variation in the duty).
For example, in a case where, for liquid crystal 61 in VA-IPS mode at a liquid crystal temperature Tp of about 20° C., a specific gradation range of from the 100th gradation to the 192nd gradation exceeds an occupancy ratio of 50% (that is, in a case where the occupancy ratio threshold value is 50%, with the occupancy ratio threshold value having been exceeded), the duty is set to a relatively high value such as 100% or 70%, whereas in a case where the occupancy ratio is equal to or less than 50%, the duty is set to a relatively low value such as 50% or 30% (the chart of
In the VA-IPS mode as well, the control unit 1 may use histogram data HGM when setting the drive frequency FQ[PWM] of the PWM light modulation signal, in the same fashion as in the MVA mode discussed in Embodiment 2.
In other words, in the same manner discussed earlier, the control unit 1 divides all gradations of the histogram data HGM, and decides whether the occupancy ratio in at least one specific gradation range among the divided gradation ranges exceeds, or is equal to or less than, an occupancy ratio threshold value. Then, the drive frequency FQ[PWM] in a case where the occupancy ratio exceeds the occupancy ratio threshold value is set to be lower than the drive frequency in a case where the occupancy ratio is equal to or less than the occupancy ratio threshold value; whereas the drive frequency FQ[PWM] in a case where the occupancy ratio is equal to or less than the occupancy ratio threshold value is set to be higher than the drive frequency in a case where the occupancy ratio exceeds the occupancy ratio threshold value.
For example, in a case of a liquid crystal temperature Tp of about 20° C. in VA-IPS mode, in a case where a specific gradation range of from the 100th gradation to the 192nd gradation exceeds an occupancy ratio of 50%, the drive frequency FQ[PWM] is set to a low setting, such as 120 Hz for example, in order to improve video performance. On the other hand, in a case where the occupancy ratio is equal to or less than 50%, the drive frequency FQ[PWM] is set to a high setting, such as 480 Hz for example, in order to prevent ghost outlines (the chart of
In the case of VA-IPS mode, in the same manner as in MVA mode and IPS mode, at least one of a specific gradation range and an occupancy ratio threshold may vary according to temperature data (specifically, the liquid crystal temperature Tp) of the panel thermistor 83. For example, setting of a specific gradation range may be carried out in the case of the liquid crystal temperature Tp shown in
(Regarding the Program)
Duty setting of the PWM light modulation signal, or duty setting and electric current value setting, as well as setting of the drive frequency FQ[PWM], may be realized by an LED control program (light source control program). This program may be a program which is executable by a computer, and may be recorded onto a recording medium readable by a computer. This allows the program recorded onto the recording medium to be transportable.
As the recording medium, there may be cited, for example, tape systems such as detachable magnetic tape or cassette tape systems; disk systems of magnetic disks or optical disks such as CD-ROMs and the like; card systems such as IC cards (including memory cards), optical cards, or the like; or semiconductor memory systems such as flash memory and the like.
The control unit 1 may acquire the LED control program from a communications network. The communications network may be wired or wireless; the Internet, infrared communications, and the like may be cited by way of example.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2009-159094 | Jul 2009 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2010/054391 | 3/3/2010 | WO | 00 | 12/14/2011 |
