LIQUID-CRYSTALLINE MEDIUM

Abstract
The invention relates to compounds of the formula I
Description

The present invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium (LC medium), to the use thereof for electro-optical purposes, and to LC displays containing this medium.


Liquid crystals are used principally as dielectrics in display devices, since the optical properties of such substances can be modified by an applied voltage. Electro-optical devices based on liquid crystals are extremely well known to the person skilled in the art and can be based on various effects. Examples of such devices are cells having dynamic scattering, DAP (deformation of aligned phases) cells, guest/host cells, TN cells having a “twisted nematic” structure, STN (“super-twisted nematic”) cells, SBE (“super-birefringence effect”) cells and OMI (“optical mode interference”) cells. The commonest display devices are based on the Schadt-Helfrich effect and have a twisted nematic structure. In addition, there are also cells which work with an electric field parallel to the substrate and liquid-crystal plane, such as, for example, IPS (“in-plane switching”) cells. TN, STN, FFS (fringe field switching) and IPS cells, in particular, are currently commercially interesting areas of application for the media according to the invention.


The liquid-crystal materials must have good chemical and thermal stability and good stability to electric fields and electromagnetic radiation. Furthermore, the liquid-crystal materials should have low viscosity and produce short addressing times, low threshold voltages and high contrast in the cells.


They should furthermore have a suitable mesophase, for example a nematic or cholesteric mesophase for the above-mentioned cells, at the usual operating temperatures, i.e. in the broadest possible range above and below room temperature. Since liquid crystals are generally used as mixtures of a plurality of components, it is important that the components are readily miscible with one another. Further properties, such as the electrical conductivity, the dielectric anisotropy and the optical anisotropy, have to satisfy various requirements depending on the cell type and area of application. For example, materials for cells having a twisted nematic structure should have positive dielectric anisotropy and low electrical conductivity.


For example, for matrix liquid-crystal displays with integrated non-linear elements for switching individual pixels (MLC displays), media having large positive dielectric anisotropy, broad nematic phases, relatively low birefringence, very high specific resistance, good UV and temperature stability and low vapour pressure are desired.


Matrix liquid-crystal displays of this type are known. Examples of non-linear elements which can be used to individually switch the individual pixels are active elements (i.e. transistors). The term “active matrix” is then used, where a distinction can be made between two types:


1. MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) or other diodes on silicon wafers as substrate.


2. Thin-film transistors (TFTs) on a glass plate as substrate.


The use of single-crystal silicon as substrate material restricts the display size, since even modular assembly of various part-displays results in problems at the joints.


In the case of the more promising type 2, which is preferred, the electro-optical effect used is usually the TN effect. A distinction is made between two technologies: TFTs comprising compound semiconductors, such as, for example, CdSe, or TFTs based on polycrystalline or amorphous silicon. Intensive work is being carried out worldwide on the latter technology.


The TFT matrix is applied to the inside of one glass plate of the display, while the other glass plate carries the transparent counterelectrode on its inside. Compared with the size of the pixel electrode, the TFT is very small and has virtually no adverse effect on the image. This technology can also be extended to fully color-capable displays, in which a mosaic of red, green and blue filters is arranged in such a way that a filter element is opposite each switchable pixel.


The TFT displays usually operate as TN cells with crossed polarizers in transmission and are backlit.


The term MLC displays here encompasses any matrix display with integrated non-linear elements, i.e., besides the active matrix, also displays with passive elements, such as varistors or diodes (MIM=metal-insulator-metal).


MLC displays of this type are particularly suitable for TV applications (for example pocket televisions) or for high-information displays for computer applications (laptops) and in automobile or aircraft construction. Besides problems regarding the angle dependence of the contrast and the response times, difficulties also arise in MLC displays due to insufficiently high specific resistance of the liquid-crystal mixtures [TOGASHI, S., SEKIGUCHI, K., TANABE, H., YAMAMOTO, E., SORIMACHI, K., TAJIMA, E., WATANABE, H., SHIMIZU, H., Proc. Eurodisplay 84, September 1984: A 210-288 Matrix LCD Controlled by Double Stage Diode Rings, pp. 141 ff., Paris; STROMER, M., Proc. Eurodisplay 84, September 1984: Design of Thin Film Transistors for Matrix Addressing of Television Liquid Crystal Displays, pp. 145 ff., Paris]. With decreasing resistance, the contrast of an MLC display deteriorates, and the problem of after-image elimination may occur. Since the specific resistance of the liquid-crystal mixture generally drops over the life of an MLC display owing to interaction with the interior surfaces of the display, a high (initial) resistance is very important in order to obtain acceptable lifetimes. In particular in the case of low-volt mixtures, it was hitherto impossible to achieve very high specific resistance values. It is furthermore important that the specific resistance exhibits the smallest possible increase with increasing temperature and after heating and/or UV exposure. The low-temperature properties of the mixtures from the prior art are also particularly disadvantageous. It is demanded that no crystallization and/or smectic phases occur, even at low temperatures, and the temperature dependence of the viscosity is as low as possible. The MLC displays from the prior art thus do not satisfy today's requirements.


Besides liquid-crystal displays which use backlighting, i.e. are operated transmissively and if desired transflectively, reflective liquid-crystal displays are also particularly interesting. These reflective liquid-crystal displays use the ambient light for information display. They thus consume significantly less energy than backlit liquid-crystal displays having a corresponding size and resolution. Since the TN effect is characterized by very good contrast, reflective displays of this type can even be read well in bright ambient conditions. This is already known of simple reflective TN displays, as used, for example, in watches and pocket calculators. However, the principle can also be applied to high-quality, higher-resolution active matrix-addressed displays, such as, for example, TFT displays. Here, as already in the transmissive TFT-TN displays which are generally conventional, the use of liquid crystals of low birefringence (Δn) is necessary in order to achieve low optical retardation (d·Δn). This low optical retardation results in usually acceptably low viewing-angle dependence of the contrast (cf. DE 30 22 818). In reflective displays, the use of liquid crystals of low birefringence is even more important than in transmissive displays since the effective layer thickness through which the light passes is approximately twice as large in reflective displays as in transmissive displays having the same layer thickness.


For TV and video applications, displays having fast response times are required in order to be able to reproduce multimedia content, such as, for example, films and video games, in near-realistic quality. Such short response times can be achieved, in particular, if liquid-crystal media having low values for the viscosity, in particular the rotational viscosity γ1, and having high optical anisotropy (Δn) are used.


In order to achieve 3D effects by means of shutter spectacles, use is made of, in particular, fast-switching mixtures having low rotational viscosities and correspondingly high optical anisotropy (Δn). Electro-optical lens systems by means of which a 2-dimensional representation of a display can be converted into a 3-dimensional autostereoscopic representation can be achieved using mixtures having high optical anisotropy (Δn).


In the case of TN (Schadt-Helfrich) cells, media are desired which facilitate the following advantages in the cells:

    • extended nematic phase range (in particular down to low temperatures)
    • the ability to switch at extremely low temperatures (outdoor use, automobiles, avionics)
    • increased resistance to UV radiation (longer lifetime)
    • low threshold voltage.


The media available from the prior art do not enable these advantages to be achieved while simultaneously retaining the other parameters.


In the case of supertwisted (STN) cells, media are desired which facilitate greater multiplexability and/or lower threshold voltages and/or broader nematic phase ranges (in particular at low temperatures). To this end, a further widening of the available parameter latitude (clearing point, smectic-nematic transition or melting point, viscosity, dielectric parameters, elastic parameters) is urgently desired.


One of the most important properties of modern LCDs is correct reproduction of moving images. If the response speed of the liquid-crystalline medium used is too slow, this causes undesired artefacts in the display of such content. The physical parameters which essentially determine the response time of a liquid-crystal mixture are the rotational viscosity γ1 and the elastic constants. The latter are also particularly important for ensuring a good black state of the LCD. In general, however, it is observed that the clearing point of the mixture and thus the rotational viscosity of the mixture is also increased with an increase in the elastic constants, meaning that an improvement in the response time is not possible. In particular in the case of LC displays for TV and video applications (for example LCD TVs, monitors, PDAs, notebooks, games consoles), a significant reduction in the response times is desired. A reduction in the layer thickness d (“cell gap”) of the LC medium in the LC cell theoretically results in faster response times, but requires LC media having higher birefringence Δn in order to ensure an adequate optical retardation (dΔn). However, the LC materials of high birefringence known from the prior art generally also have high rotational viscosity at the same time, which in turn has an adverse effect on the response times.


There is thus still a great need for liquid-crystalline media having good reliability properties, such as, for example, high VHR (voltage holding ratio), which do not exhibit these properties or only do so to a lesser extent.


The invention is based on the object of providing media, in particular for MLC, TN, STN, OCB, positive VA, FFS, HB (=high brightness)-FFS, PS (=polymer stabilized)-FFS, IPS, PS-IPS displays of this type, which have the desired properties indicated above and do not exhibit the disadvantages indicated above or only do so to a reduced extent. In particular, the LC media should have fast response times and low rotational viscosities at the same time as relatively high birefringence. In addition, the LC media should have a high clearing point and very good low-temperature stability (LTS).


It has now been found that this object can be achieved if LC media comprising one or more compounds of the formula I are used.


The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium, characterized in that it comprises one or more compounds of the formula I,




embedded image


in which

  • R1 denotes an alkyl or alkoxy radical having 1 to 15 C atoms, where, in addition, one or more CH2 groups in these radicals may each be replaced, independently of one another, by




embedded image


in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another, and in which, in addition, one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen, and

  • X1 denotes an alkyl radical having 1 to 5 C atoms, OCF3, CF3, CHF2, OCHF2, OCF2CF3, CCF2CHFCF3, OCF═CF2, OCH═CF2 or F.


The compounds of the formula I lead to LC mixtures having the desired properties indicated above, in particular in LC mixtures having very low rotational viscosity. The mixtures according to the invention have very large elastic constants and thus facilitate very good response times. Furthermore, the mixtures according to the invention are stable at at least −20° C. and exhibit no tendency towards crystallization. The rotational viscosities γ1 are generally <120 mPa·s. Furthermore, the mixtures according to the invention are distinguished by a very good ratio of rotational viscosity γ1 and clearing point, low γ1/K11 values, which lead to faster response times, as well as a high clearing point and a broad nematic phase range. Furthermore, the compounds of the formula I are readily soluble in liquid-crystalline media.


The compounds of the formula I have a broad range of applications and are distinguished, in particular, by their very large elastic constants. Depending on the choice of substituents, they can serve as base materials of which liquid-crystalline media are predominantly composed; however, liquid-crystalline base materials from other classes of compound can also be added to the compounds of the formula I in order, for example, to influence the dielectric and/or optical anisotropy of a dielectric of this type and/or to optimise its threshold voltage and/or its rotational viscosity. The result are LC mixtures according to the invention which support a good black state of the display, which is crucial for the contrast of the display, owing to high elastic constants and at the same time facilitate very good response times.


R1 in the compounds of the formula I and the sub-formulae preferably denotes a straight-chain alkyl radical, in particular having 3-5 C atoms. In a further preferred embodiment, one or more CH2 groups in the alkyl radical may also be replaced by —CH═CH—.


Particularly preferred compounds of the formula I are shown below:




embedded image


in which R1 has the meanings indicated in claim 1, preferably straight-chain alkyl or alkenyl having up to 5 C atoms, and “alkyl” denotes a straight-chain alkyl radical having 1-5 C atoms.


Very particular preference is given to the compounds of the formulae I-1, I-2 and I-5.


Very particularly preferred compounds are shown below:




embedded image


embedded image


embedded image


embedded image


embedded image


embedded image


embedded image


embedded image


In the compounds of the formulae I-5a to I-5k, alkyl particularly preferably denotes CH3 or C2H5., in particular CH3.


In the pure state, the compounds of the formula I are colorless and form liquid-crystalline mesophases in a temperature range which is favourably located for electro-optical use. They are stable chemically, thermally and to light.


The compounds of the formula I are prepared by methods known per se, as described in the literature (for example in the standard works, such as Houben-Weyl, Methoden der organischen Chemie [Methods of Organic Chemistry], Georg-Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart), to be precise under reaction conditions which are known and suitable for the said reactions. Use can also be made here of variants known per se which are not mentioned here in greater detail. The compounds of the formula I can be prepared, for example, as follows:




embedded image




embedded image


If R1 in the compounds of the formula I above and below denotes an alkyl radical and/or an alkoxy radical, this may be straight-chain or branched. It is preferably straight-chain, has 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 C atoms and accordingly preferably denotes ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, pentoxy, hexoxy or heptoxy, furthermore, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, methoxy, octoxy, nonoxy, decoxy, undecoxy, dodecoxy, tridecoxy or tetradedoxy.


Oxaalkyl preferably denotes straight-chain 2-oxapropyl (=methoxymethyl), 2-(=ethoxymethyl) or 3-oxabutyl (=2-methoxyethyl), 2-, 3- or 4-oxaheptyl, 2-, 3-, 4- or 5-oxahexyl, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-oxaheptyl, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, or 7-oxaoctyl, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7- or 8-oxanonyl, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8- or 9-oxadexyl.


If R1 denotes an alkyl radical in which one CH2 group has been replaced by —CH═CH—, this may be straight-chain or branched. It is preferably straight-chain and has 2 to 10 C atoms. Accordingly, it denotes, in particular, vinyl, prop-1-, or prop-2-enyl, but-1-, 2- or but-3-enyl, pent-1-, 2-, 3- or pent-4-enyl, hex-1-, 2-, 3-, 4- or hex-5-enyl, hept-1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5- or hept-6-enyl, oct-1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- or oct-7-enyl, non-1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7- or non-8-enyl, dec-1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8- or dec-9-enyl. These radicals may also be mono- or polyhalogenated.


If R1 denotes an alkyl or alkenyl radical which is at least monosubstituted by halogen, this radical is preferably straight-chain and halogen is preferably F or Cl. In the case of polysubstitution, halogen is preferably F. The resultant radicals also include perfluorinated radicals. In the case of monosubstitution, the fluorine or chlorine substituent can be in any desired position, but is preferably in the ω position.


X1 preferably denotes an alkyl radical, in particular CH3, and CF3, furthermore OCF3.


The present invention likewise relates to the compounds of the formula I and sub-formulae thereof.


Preferred embodiments of the liquid-crystal mixtures according to the invention are indicated below:

    • The medium additionally comprises one or more neutral compounds of the formulae II and/or III,




embedded image




    • in which

    • A denotes 1,4-phenylene or trans-1,4-cyclohexylene,

    • a is 0 or 1,

    • R3 denotes alkenyl having 2 to 9 C atoms,

    • and R4 has the meaning indicated for R1 in formula I and preferably denotes alkyl having 1 to 12 C atoms or alkenyl having 2 to 9 C atoms.

    • The compounds of the formula II are preferably selected from the compounds of the following formulae:







embedded image




    • in which R3a and R4a each, independently of one another, denote H, CH3, C2H5 or C3H7, and “alkyl” denotes a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 8 C atoms. Particular preference is given to compounds of the formulae IIa and IIf, in particular in which R3a denotes H or CH3, and compounds of the formula IIc, in particular in which R3a and R4a denote H, CH3 or C2H5.

    • Preference is furthermore given to compounds of the formula II which have a non-terminal double bond in the alkenyl side chain:







embedded image




    • Very particularly preferred compounds of the formula IIa are the compounds of the formulae







embedded image


embedded image




    • Of the compounds of the formulae IIa-1 to IIa-19, particular preference is given, in particular, to the compounds of the formulae IIa-1, IIa-2, IIa-3, IIa-5 and 11c-1.

    • Besides one or more compounds of the formula I, the liquid-crystalline media according to the invention particularly preferably additionally comprise the compound of the formula (CC-3-V),







embedded image




    • preferably in concentrations of 5-70% by weight, in particular 10 65% by weight and very particularly preferably 20-55% by weight, based on the mixture.

    • Preferred compounds of the formula IIb are the compounds of the formulae







embedded image




    • Preferred compounds of the formula IIc are the compounds of the formulae







embedded image




    • The compounds of the formula III are preferably selected from the following formulae:







embedded image




    • in which “alkyl” and R3a have the meanings indicated above, and R3a preferably denotes H or CH3. Particular preference is given to compounds of the formula IIIb;

    • Very particular preference is given to the compound of the formula IIIb-1,







embedded image




    • in which “alkyl” has the meaning indicated above and preferably denotes CH3, furthermore C2H5 or n-C3H7.

    • The medium preferably additionally comprises one or more compounds selected from the following formulae IV to VIII:







embedded image




    • in which

    • R0 has the meanings indicated in claim 6,

    • X0 denotes F, Cl, a mono- or polyfluorinated alkyl or alkoxy radical, in each case having 1 to 6 C atoms, a mono- or polyfluorinated alkenyl or alkenyloxy radical, in each case having 2 to 6 C atoms,

    • Y1-6 each, independently of one another, denote H or F,

    • Z0 denotes —C2H4—, —(CH2)4—, —CH═CH—, —CF═CF, —C2F4—, —CH2CF2—, —CF2CH2—, —CH2O—, —OCH2—, —COO—, —CF2O— or —OCF2—, in the formulae V and VI also a single bond, and

    • r denotes 0 or 1.

    • In the above formulae, X0 is preferably F, Cl or a mono- or polyfluorinated alkyl or alkoxy radical having 1, 2 or 3 C atoms or a mono- or polyfluorinated alkenyl radical or alkenyloxy radical having 2 or 3 C atoms. X0 is particularly preferably F, Cl, CF3, CHF2, OCF3, OCHF2, OCHFCF3, OCHFCHF2, OCHFCH2F, OCF2CH3, OCF2CHF2, OCF2CH2F, OCF2CF2CHF2, OCF2CF2CH2F, OCFHCF2CF3, OCFHCF2CHF2, OCH═CF2, OCF═CF2, OCF2CHFCF3, OCF2CF2CF3, OCF2CF2CClF2, OCClFCF2CF3, CF═CF2, CF═CHF, OCH═CF2, OCF═CF2, or CH═CF2.

    • In the compounds of the formulae IV to VIII, X0 preferably denotes F or OCF3, furthermore OCHF2, CF3, CF2H, Cl, OCH═CF2. R0 is preferably straight-chain alkyl or alkenyl having up to 6 C atoms.

    • The compounds of the formula IV are preferably selected from the following formulae:







embedded image




    • in which R0 and X0 have the meanings indicated in claim 6.

    • In formula IV, R0 preferably denotes alkyl having 1 to 8 C atoms and X0 preferably denotes F, Cl, OCHF2 or OCF3, furthermore OCH═CF2. In the compound of the formula IVb, R0 preferably denotes alkyl or alkenyl. In the compound of the formula IVd, X0 preferably denotes Cl, furthermore F.

    • The compounds of the formula V are preferably selected from the formulae Va to Vj,







embedded image


embedded image




    • in which R0 and X0 have the meanings indicated in claim 6. Preferably, R0 in formula V denotes alkyl having 1 to 8 C atoms and X° denotes F, OCF3 or OCH═CF2.

    • The medium comprises one or more compounds of the formula VI-1,







embedded image




    • particularly preferably those selected from the following formulae:







embedded image




    • in which R0 and X0 have the meanings indicated in claim 6. Preferably, R0 in formula VI denotes alkyl having 1 to 8 C atoms and X° denotes F, furthermore CF3 and OCF3.

    • The medium comprises one or more compounds of the formula VI-2,







embedded image




    • particularly preferably those selected from the following formulae:







embedded image




    • in which R0 and X0 have the meanings indicated in claim 6. Preferably, R0 in formula VI denotes alkyl having 1 to 8 C atoms and X° denotes F;

    • The medium preferably comprises one or more compounds of the formula VII in which Z° denotes —CF2O—, —CH2CH2— or —OCO—, particularly preferably those selected from the following formulae:







embedded image




    • in which R0 and X0 have the meanings indicated in claim 6. Preferably, R0 in formula VII denotes alkyl having 1 to 8 C atoms and X° denotes F, furthermore OCF3 and CF3.

    • The compounds of the formula VIII are preferably selected from the following formulae:







embedded image




    • in which R0 and X0 have the meanings indicated above. R0 in formula VIII preferably denotes a straight-chain alkyl radical having 1 to 8 C atoms. X0 preferably denotes F.

    • The medium additionally comprises one or more compounds of the following formula:







embedded image




    • in which R0, X0, Y1 and Y2 have the meaning indicated above, and







embedded image


each, independently of one another, denote




embedded image




    • where the rings A and B do not both simultaneously denote 1,4-cyclohexylene;

    • The compounds of the formula IX are preferably selected from the following formulae:







embedded image




    • in which R0 and X0 have the meanings indicated in claim 6. Preferably, R0 in formula IX denotes alkyl having 1 to 8 C atoms and X° denotes F. Particular preference is given to compounds of the formula IXa;

    • The medium additionally comprises one or more compounds selected from the following formulae:







embedded image




    • in which R0, X0 and Y1-4 have the meanings indicated in claim 6, and







embedded image


each, independently of one another, denote




embedded image




    • The compounds of the formulae X and XI are preferably selected from the following formulae:







embedded image


embedded image




    • in which R0 and X0 have the meanings indicated in claim 6. Preferably, R0 denotes alkyl having 1 to 8 C atoms and X0 denotes F. Particularly preferred compounds are those in which Y1 denotes F and Y2 denotes H or F, preferably F.

    • The medium additionally comprises one or more compounds of the following formula XII:







embedded image




    • in which R1 and R2 each, independently of one another, denote alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, oxaalkyl, fluoroalkyl or alkenyloxy, each having up to 9 C atoms, and preferably each, independently of one another, denote alkyl or alkenyl having 1 to 8 C atoms or 2 to 8 C atoms respectively.

    • Preferred compounds of the formula XII are the compounds of the formulae







embedded image




    • in which

    • alkyl and alkyl* each, independently of one another, denote a straight-chain alkyl radical having 1 to 8 C atoms, and

    • alkenyl and

    • alkenyl* each, independently of one another, denote a straight-chain alkenyl radical having 2 to 8 C atoms.

    • Particular preference is given to the compounds of the formulae XII-2 and XII-4.

    • Particularly preferred compounds of the formula XII-2 are the compounds of the formulae XII-2a, XII-2b and XII-2c:







embedded image




    • Particularly preferred compounds of the formula XII-4 are the compounds of the formulae XII-4a, XII-4b and XII-4c:







embedded image




    • The compound(s) of the formula XII are preferably employed in amounts of 3-40% by weight.

    • The medium additionally comprises one or more compounds selected from the following formulae:







embedded image




    • in which R0, X0, Y1 and Y2 have the meanings indicated in claim 6. Preferably, R0 denotes alkyl having 1 to 8 C atoms and X0 denotes F or Cl;

    • The compounds of the formulae XIII and XIV are preferably selected from the compounds of the formulae







embedded image




    • in which R0 and X0 have the meanings indicated in claim 6. R0 preferably denotes alkyl having 1 to 8 C atoms. In the compounds of the formula XIII, X0 preferably denotes F or Cl.

    • The medium additionally comprises one or more compounds of the formulae D1, D2, D3, D4 and/or D5,







embedded image




    • in which Y1, Y2, R0 and X0 have the meanings indicated in claim 6. Preferably, R0 denotes alkyl having 1 to 8 C atoms and X0 denotes F.

    • Particular preference is given to compounds of the formulae







embedded image




    • in which R0 has the meanings indicated above and preferably denotes straight-chain alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms, in particular C2H5, n-C3H7 or n-C5H11.

    • The medium additionally comprises one or more compounds of the following formula XVII:







embedded image




    • in which Y1, R1 and R2 have the meanings indicated above. R1 and R2 preferably each, independently of one another, denote alkyl or alkenyl having 1 or 2 to 8 C atoms; Y1 and Y2 preferably both denote F. The compound(s) of the formula XVII are preferably employed in amounts of 3-30% by weight, based on the medium.

    • The medium additionally comprises one or more compounds of the following formula:







embedded image




    • in which X0, Y1 and Y2 have the meanings indicated in claim 6, and “alkenyl” denotes C2-7-alkenyl. Particular preference is given to compounds of the following formula:







embedded image




    • in which R3a has the meaning indicated above and preferably denotes H;

    • The medium additionally comprises one or more tetracyclic compounds selected from the formulae XIX to XXVIII,







embedded image


embedded image




    • in which Y1-4, R0 and X0 each, independently of one another, have one of the meanings indicated above. X0 is preferably F, Cl, CF3, OCF3 or OCHF2. R0 preferably denotes alkyl, alkoxy, oxaalkyl, fluoroalkyl, cycloalkyl or alkenyl, each having up to 8 C atoms.

    • In the compounds of the formulae XIX to XXVIII, R0 preferably denotes straight-chain alkyl. X0 is preferably F or OCF3, furthermore CF3. Y1 and Y2 preferably denote Y1═F and Y2═H or Y1═Y2═F.

    • Particularly preferred compounds of the formula XIX to XXVIII are the compounds of the formula XXV in which X0 preferably denotes F, furthermore OCF3.

    • Preferred mixtures comprise at least one compound from the group S-1, S-2, S-3 and S-4,







embedded image




    • since these compounds help, inter alia, to suppress the smectic phases of the mixtures.

    • The medium preferably comprises one or more neutral compounds of the general formula N,







embedded image




    • in which

    • RN1 and RN2 each, independently of one another, denote an alkyl or alkoxy radical having 1 to 15 C atoms, where, in addition, one or more CH2 groups in these radicals may each be replaced, independently of one another, by







embedded image


in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another, and in which, in addition, one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen,

    • rings AN1, AN2 and AN3 each, independently of one another, denote 1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, in which, in addition, one or two CH2 groups may be replaced by —O—, or 1,4-cyclohexenylene,
    • ZN1 and ZN2 each, independently of one another, denote a single bond, —CH2CH2—, —COO—, —OCO—, —C≡C—, —CH2O—, —OCH2—, —CF2O—, —OCF2—, or —CH═CH—,
    • n denotes 0, 1 or 2,
    • where the compound of the formula N is not identical with the compound of the formula I.
    • Preferred compounds of the formula N are shown below:




embedded image


embedded image


embedded image


embedded image




    • in which

    • alkyl and alkyl* each, independently of one another, denote a straight-chain alkyl radical having 1 to 9 C atoms, preferably 2 to 6 C atoms, and alkenyl and alkenyl* each, independently of one another, denote a straight-chain alkenyl radical having 2-6 C atoms





Of the compounds of the formula N, particular preference is given to the compounds of the formulae N-1, N-2, N-3, N-4, N-8, N-9, N-14, N-15, N-17, N-18, N-19, N-20, N-21, N-22, N-23, N-24, N-25, N-31, N-33 and N-36.

    • The medium additionally comprises one or more compounds of the formulae St-1 to St-3,




embedded image




    • in which R0, Y1, Y2 and X0 have the meanings indicated in claim 6. R0 preferably denotes straight-chain alkyl, preferably having 1-6 C atoms. X0 is preferably F, CF3 or OCF3. Y1 preferably denotes F. Y2 preferably denotes F. Furthermore, preference is given to compounds in which Y1═F and Y2═H. The compounds of the formulae St-1 to St-3 are preferably employed in the mixtures according to the invention in a concentration of 3-30% by weight, in particular 5-25% by weight.

    • The medium additionally comprises one or more pyrimidine or pyridine compounds of the formulae Py-1 to Py-5,







embedded image




    • in which R0 is preferably straight-chain alkyl having 2-5 C atoms. x denotes 0 or 1, preferably x=1. Preferred mixtures comprise 3-30% by weight, in particular 5-20% by weight, of this (these) pyri(mi)dine compound(s).

    • The medium additionally comprises one or more compounds selected from the group of the compounds of the formulae Y-1, Y-2, Y-3 and Y-4,







embedded image




    • in which

    • R2A denotes H, an alkyl or alkoxy radical having 1 to 15 C atoms, where, in addition, one or more CH2 groups in these radicals may each be replaced, independently of one another, by







embedded image


in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another, and in which, in addition, one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen,

    • L1-4 and L2 each, independently of one another, denote F, Cl, CF3 or CHF2, preferably each denote F,
    • Z2 and Z2′ each, independently of one another, denote a single bond, —CH2CH2—, —CH═CH—, —CF2O—, —OCF2—, —CH2O—, —OCH2—, —COO—, —OCO—, —C2F4—, —CF═CF— or —CH═CHCH2O—,
    • p denotes 0, 1 or 2,
    • q denotes 0 or 1,
    • (O)CvH2v+1 denotes OCvH2v+1 or CvH2v+1, and
    • v denotes 1 to 6.
    • Particularly preferred compounds of the formulae Y-1 to Y-4 are shown below:




embedded image


embedded image


embedded image


embedded image




    • in which

    • alkyl and alkyl* each, independently of one another, denote a straight-chain alkyl radical having 1-6 C atoms and

    • alkenyl and alkenyl* each, independently of one another, denote a straight-chain alkenyl radical having 1-6 C atoms.

    • Of the compounds shown, particular preference is given to the compounds of the formulae Y-1a, Y-1c, Y-le, Y-1g, Y-1j, Y-1r, Y-1t, Y-2b, Y-2h, Y-2j and Y-3a.

    • The proportion of the compounds of the formulae Y-1 to Y-3 in the mixtures according to the invention is preferably 0-30% by weight.

    • The medium additionally comprises one or more compounds selected from the group of the compounds of the formulae BC, CR, PH-1, PH-2, BF and BS,







embedded image




    • in which

    • RB1, RB2, RCR1, RCR2, R1 and R2 each, independently of one another, have the meaning of R2A. c is 0, 1 or 2.

    • The mixtures according to the invention preferably comprise the compounds of the formulae BC, CR, PH-1, PH-2 and/or BF in amounts of 0.5 to 20% by weight, in particular in amounts of 1 to 15% by weight.

    • Particularly preferred compounds of the formulae BC, CR, BF and BS are the compounds BC-1 to BC-7, CR-1 to CR-5, BF-1 to BF-3 and BS-1 to BS-3,







embedded image


embedded image




    • in which

    • alkyl and alkyl* each, independently of one another, denote a straight-chain alkyl radical having 1-6 C atoms,

    • alkenyl and

    • alkenyl* each, independently of one another, denote a straight-chain alkenyl radical having 2-6 C atoms, and

    • alkoxy and

    • alkoxy* each, independently of one another, denote a straight-chain alkoxy radical having 2-6 C atoms.

    • Very particular preference is given to mixtures comprising one, two or three compounds of the formulae BF-3 and/or BS-3.

    • In the formulae given above and below,







embedded image


preferably denotes




embedded image




    • R0 is preferably straight-chain alkyl or alkenyl having 2 to 7 C atoms;

    • X1 in formula I is preferably CF3, furthermore OCF3;

    • The medium preferably comprises one, two or three compounds of the formula I;

    • The medium comprises CLP-n-T and/or CLP-n-OT, where n denotes 2, 3, 4 or 5,

    • The medium comprises CLP-n-T, where n denotes 2, 3, 4 or 5, and/or CLP-V-n, where n denotes 1, 2 or 3, preferably 1;

    • The medium comprises CLP-V-T, CLP-nV-T or CLP-Vn-T, where n denotes 1 or 2;

    • The medium comprises CLP-V-OT, CLP-nV-OT or CLP-Vn-OT, where n denotes 1 or 2;

    • The medium comprises CLP-nV-m or CLP-Vn-m, where m denotes 1 or 2 and n denotes 1 or 2;

    • The medium comprises CLP-nV2-m, CLP-nV2-T or CLP-nV2-OT, where m denotes 1 or 2 and n denotes 1 or 2;

    • The medium preferably comprises one or more compounds selected from the group of the compounds of the formulae I, II, III, V, VI-1, VI-2, XII, XIII, XIV, XVII, XXIII, XXV;

    • The medium preferably comprises one or more compounds of the formula VI-1;

    • The medium preferably comprises one or more compounds of the formula VI-2;

    • The medium preferably comprises 1-30% by weight, preferably 2-20% by weight, particularly preferably 2-15% by weight, of compounds of the formula I;

    • The proportion of compounds of the formulae II-XXVII in the mixture as a whole is preferably 20 to 99% by weight;

    • The medium preferably comprises 25-80% by weight, particularly preferably 30-70% by weight, of compounds of the formulae II and/or III;

    • The medium preferably comprises 0-70% by weight, particularly preferably 20-60% by weight, of compounds of the formula IIa-1;

    • The medium preferably comprises 0-25% by weight, particularly preferably 5-25% by weight, of compounds of the formula IIa-2;

    • The medium preferably comprises 0-30% by weight, particularly preferably 5-25% by weight, of compounds of the formula IIa-3;

    • The medium preferably comprises 0-25% by weight, particularly preferably 5-25% by weight, of compounds of the formula IIa-5;

    • The medium preferably comprises 5-40% by weight, particularly preferably 10-30% by weight, of compounds of the formula V;

    • The medium preferably comprises 3-30% by weight, particularly preferably 6-25% by weight, of compounds of the formula VI-1;

    • The medium preferably comprises 2-30% by weight, particularly preferably 4-25% by weight, of compounds of the formula VI-2;

    • The medium preferably comprises 5-40% by weight, particularly preferably 10-30% by weight, of compounds of the formula XII;

    • The medium preferably comprises 1-25% by weight, particularly preferably 2-15% by weight, of compounds of the formula XIII;

    • The medium preferably comprises 5-45% by weight, particularly preferably 10-35% by weight, of compounds of the formula XIV;

    • The medium preferably comprises 1-20% by weight, particularly preferably 2-15% by weight, of compounds of the formula XVI;

    • The medium preferably comprises 5-30% by weight, particularly preferably 8-22% by weight, of compounds of the formula Va in which X0═OCH═CF2;

    • The medium preferably comprises the compound of the formula CC-3-2V and the compound of the formula CC-3-V and/or CC-3-V1;

    • The medium preferably comprises the compound of the formula CC-3-2V and the compound of the formula APUQU-2-F and/or APUQU-3-F;

    • The medium preferably comprises the compound CC-3-2V and the compound of the formula CC-3-2V1;

    • The medium preferably comprises the compound CC-3-2V and the compound of the formula PP-1-2V1;

    • The medium preferably comprises the compound CC-3-2V and at least one compound of the formula PGUQU-n-F, where n=3, 4 or 5;

    • The medium preferably comprises the compound CC-3-2V and at least one compound of the formula DPGU-n-F, where n=2, 3, 4, or 5.





It has been found that even a relatively small proportion of compounds of the formula I mixed with conventional liquid-crystal materials, but in particular with one or more compounds of the formulae II to XXVIII, results in a clear reduction in the switching-time parameter γ1/K1. The liquid-crystalline medium according to the invention is furthermore distinguished by its relatively high values for the birefringence and by its light stability. At the same time, the mixtures exhibit very good values for the VHR after exposure to UV.


The expression “alkyl” or “alkyl*” in this application encompasses straight-chain and branched alkyl groups having 1-7 carbon atoms, in particular the straight-chain groups methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl and heptyl. Groups having 1-6 carbon atoms are generally preferred.


The expression “O-alkyl” in this application encompasses straight-chain and branched alkoxy groups.


The expression “alkenyl” or “alkenyl*” in this application encompasses straight-chain and branched alkenyl groups having 2-7 carbon atoms, in particular the straight-chain groups. Preferred alkenyl groups are C2-C7-1E-alkenyl, C4-C7-3E-alkenyl, C5-C7-4-alkenyl, C6-C7-5-alkenyl and C7-6-alkenyl, in particular C2-C7-1E-alkenyl, C4-C7-3E-alkenyl and C5-C7-4-alkenyl. Examples of particularly preferred alkenyl groups are vinyl, 1E-propenyl, 1E-butenyl, 1E-pentenyl, 1E-hexenyl, 1E-heptenyl, 3-butenyl, 3E-pentenyl, 3E-hexenyl, 3E-heptenyl, 4-pentenyl, 4Z-hexenyl, 4E-hexenyl, 4Z-heptenyl, 5-hexenyl, 6-heptenyl and the like. Groups having up to 5 carbon atoms are generally preferred.


The expression “fluoroalkyl” in this application encompasses straight-chain groups having at least one fluorine atom, preferably a terminal fluorine, i.e. fluoromethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 3-fluoropropyl, 4-fluorobutyl, 5-fluoropentyl, 6-fluorohexyl and 7-fluoroheptyl. However, other positions of the fluorine are not excluded.


The expression “oxaalkyl” or “alkoxy” in this application encompasses straight-chain radicals of the formula CnH2n+1—O—(CH2)m, in which n and m each, independently of one another, denote 1 to 6. m may also denote 0. Preferably, n=1 and m=I-6 or m=0 and n=I-3.


Through a suitable choice of the meanings of R1 and R2 in formula I, the addressing times, the threshold voltage, the steepness of the transmission characteristic lines, etc., can be modified in the desired manner. For example, 1E-alkenyl radicals, 3E-alkenyl radicals, 2E-alkenyloxy radicals and the like generally result in shorter addressing times, improved nematic tendencies and a higher ratio between the elastic constants k33 (bend) and k11 (splay) compared with alkyl and alkoxy radicals. 4-Alkenyl radicals, 3-alkenyl radicals and the like generally give lower threshold voltages and lower values of k33/k11 compared with alkyl and alkoxy radicals. The mixtures according to the invention are distinguished, in particular, by high K1 values and thus have significantly faster response times than the mixtures from the prior art.


The optimum mixing ratio of the compounds of the above-mentioned formulae depends substantially on the desired properties, on the choice of the components of the above-mentioned formulae and on the choice of any further components that may be present.


Suitable mixing ratios within the range indicated above can easily be determined from case to case.


The total amount of compounds of the above-mentioned formulae in the mixtures according to the invention is not crucial. The mixtures can therefore comprise one or more further components for the purposes of optimization of various properties. However, the observed effect on the desired improvement in the properties of the mixture is generally greater, the higher the total concentration of compounds of the above-mentioned formulae.


In a particularly preferred embodiment, the media according to the invention comprise compounds of the formulae IV to VIII in which X0 denotes F, OCF3, OCHF2, OCH═CF2, OCF═CF2 or OCF2—CF2H. A favourable synergistic action with the compounds of the formula I results in particularly advantageous properties. In particular, mixtures comprising compounds of the formulae I and VI, or I and XI, or I and VI and XI are distinguished by their low threshold voltages.


The individual compounds of the above-mentioned formulae and the sub-formulae thereof which can be used in the media according to the invention are either known or can be prepared analogously to the known compounds.


The invention also relates to electro-optical displays, such as, for example, TN, STN, TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, PS-FFS, positive VA or MLC displays, having two plane-parallel outer plates, which, together with a frame, form a cell, integrated non-linear elements for switching individual pixels on the outer plates, and a nematic liquid-crystal mixture having positive dielectric anisotropy and high specific resistance located in the cell, which contain media of this type, and to the use of these media for electro-optical purposes.


Furthermore, the mixtures according to the invention are also suitable for positive VA applications, also referred to as HT-VA applications. These are taken to mean electro-optical displays having an in-plane drive electrode configuration and homeotropic arrangement of the liquid-crystal medium having positive dielectric anisotropy. The mixtures according to the invention are particularly preferably suitable for TN-TFT display applications having a low operating voltage, i.e. particularly preferably for notebook applications.


The liquid-crystal mixtures according to the invention enable a significant broadening of the available parameter latitude. The achievable combinations of clearing point, rotational viscosity and elastic constants, thermal and UV stability and high optical anisotropy are far superior to previous materials from the prior art.


The mixtures according to the invention are particularly suitable for mobile applications and high-Δn TFT applications, such as, for example, PDAs, notebooks, LCD TVs and monitors.


The liquid-crystal mixtures according to the invention, while retaining the nematic phase down to −20° C. and preferably down to −30° C., particularly preferably down to −40° C., and the clearing point ≧70° C., preferably 74° C., at the same time allow rotational viscosities γ1 of ≦120 mPa·s, particularly preferably 60 mPa·s, to be achieved, enabling excellent MLC displays having fast response times to be achieved.


The dielectric anisotropy Δ∈ of the liquid-crystal mixtures according to the invention is preferably ≧+2, particularly preferably ≧+4.


The birefringence Δn of the liquid-crystal mixtures according to the invention is preferably ≧0.08, in particular ≧0.10.


The nematic phase range of the liquid-crystal mixtures according to the invention preferably has a width of at least 90°, in particular at least 100°. This range preferably extends at least from −20° C. to +70° C.


If the mixtures according to the invention are used in IPS or FFS applications, the mixtures preferably have a dielectric anisotropy value of 2-30 and an optical anisotropy value of 0.07-0.13.


It goes without saying that, through a suitable choice of the components of the mixtures according to the invention, it is also possible for higher clearing points (for example above 100° C.) to be achieved at higher threshold voltages or lower clearing points to be achieved at lower threshold voltages with retention of the other advantageous properties. At viscosities correspondingly increased only slightly, it is likewise possible to obtain mixtures having higher Δ∈ and thus low thresholds. The MLC displays according to the invention preferably operate at the first Gooch and Tarry transmission minimum [C. H. Gooch and H. A. Tarry, Electron. Lett. 10, 2-4, 1974; C. H. Gooch and H. A. Tarry, Appl. Phys., Vol. 8, 1575-1584, 1975], where, besides particularly favourable electro-optical properties, such as, for example, high steepness of the characteristic line and low angle dependence of the contrast (German patent 30 22 818), lower dielectric anisotropy is sufficient at the same threshold voltage as in an analogous display at the second minimum. This enables significantly higher specific resistance values to be achieved using the mixtures according to the invention at the first minimum than in the case of mixtures comprising cyano compounds. Through a suitable choice of the individual components and their proportions by weight, the person skilled in the art is able to set the birefringence necessary for a pre-specified layer thickness of the MLC display using simple routine methods.


The construction of the MLC display according to the invention from polarizers, electrode base plates and surface-treated electrodes corresponds to the usual design for displays of this type. The term usual design is broadly drawn here and also encompasses all derivatives and modifications of the MLC display, in particular including matrix display elements based on poly-Si TFTs or MIM.


A significant difference between the displays according to the invention and the hitherto conventional displays based on the twisted nematic cell consists, however, in the choice of the liquid-crystal parameters of the liquid-crystal layer.


The liquid-crystal mixtures which can be used in accordance with the invention are prepared in a manner conventional per se, for example by mixing one or more compounds of the formula I with one or more compounds of the formulae II-XXVII or with further liquid-crystalline compounds and/or additives. In general, the desired amount of the components used in the smaller amount is dissolved in the components making up the principal constituent, advantageously at elevated temperature. It is also possible to mix solutions of the components in an organic solvent, for example in acetone, chloroform or methanol, and to remove the solvent again, for example by distillation, after thorough mixing.


The dielectrics may also comprise further additives known to the person skilled in the art and described in the literature, such as, for example, UV stabilizers, such as Tinuvin® from Ciba Chemicals, in particular Tinuvin® 770, antioxidants, free-radical scavengers, nanoparticles, etc. For example, 0-15% of pleochroic dyes or chiral dopants can be added. Suitable stabilizers and dopants are mentioned below in Tables C and D.


In order to increase the anchoring force, polymerizable compounds, so-called “reactive mesogens”, may also additionally be added to the mixtures according to the invention. Preferred polymerizable compounds are listed in Table E.


The following examples are intended to explain the invention without limiting it. Above and below, percentage data denote percent by weight; all temperatures are indicated in degrees Celsius.


Throughout the patent application, 1,4-cyclohexylene rings and 1,4-phenylene rings are represented as follows:




embedded image


The cyclohexylene rings are trans-1,4-cyclohexylene rings.


Throughout the patent application and in the working examples, the structures of the liquid-crystal compounds are indicated by means of acronyms. Unless indicated otherwise, the transformation into chemical formulae takes place in accordance with Tables I-3. All radicals CnH2n+1, CmH2m+1 and Cm′H2m′+1 or CnH2n and CmH2m are straight-chain alkyl radicals or alkenyl radicals respectively, in each case having n, m, m′ or z C atoms; n, m, m′ and z each, independently of one another, denote 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12, preferably 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6. In Table 1 the ring elements of the respective compound are coded, in Table 2 the bridging members are listed and in Table 3 the meanings of the symbols for the left-hand and right-hand side chains of the compounds are indicated.









TABLE 1





Ring elements









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image


















TABLE 2





Bridging members




















E
—CH2CH2





V
—CH═CH—



T
—C≡C—



W
—CF2CF2



Z
—COO—
ZI
—OCO—



O
—CH2O—
OI
—OCH2



Q
—CF2O—
QI
—OCF2

















TABLE 3







Side chains








Left-hand side chain
Right-hand side chain













n-
CnH2n+1
-n
—CnH2n+1


nO—
CnH2n+1—O—
—On
—O—CnH2n+1


V—
CH2═CH—
—V
—CH═CH2


nV—
CnH2n+1—CH═CH—
-nV
—CnH2n—CH═CH2


Vn-
CH2═CH—CnH2n
—Vn
—CH═CH—CnH2n+1


nVm-
CnH2n+1—CH═CH—CmH2m
-nVm
—CnH2n—CH═CH—CmH2m+1


N—
N≡C—
—N
—C≡N


F—
F—
—F
—F


Cl—
Cl—
—Cl
—Cl


M—
CFH2
—M
—CFH2


D—
CF2H—
—D
—CF2H


T—
CF3
—T
—CF3


MO—
CFH2O—
—OM
—OCFH2


DO—
CF2HO—
—OD
—OCF2H


TO—
CF3O—
—OT
—OCF3


T—
CF3
—T
—CF3


A—
H—C≡C—
—A
—C≡C—H


FXO—
CF2═CHO—
—OXF
—OCH═CF2













C3—


embedded image


—C3


embedded image







C4—


embedded image


—C4


embedded image







C5—


embedded image


—C5


embedded image











Preferred mixture components are shown in Tables A and B.









TABLE A









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image


















TABLE B









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image







(n = 1-15; (O)CnH2n+1 means CnH2n+1 or OCnH2n+1)






Particular preference is given to liquid-crystalline mixtures which, besides the compounds of the formula I, comprise at least one, two, three, four or more compounds from Table B.


Table C indicates possible dopants which are generally added to the mixtures according to the invention. The mixtures preferably comprise 0-10% by weight, in particular 0.001-5% by weight and particularly preferably 0.001-3% by weight, of dopants.









TABLE C









embedded image




C 15







embedded image




CB 15







embedded image




CM 21







embedded image




R/S-811







embedded image




CM 44







embedded image




CM 45







embedded image




CM 47







embedded image




CN







embedded image




R/S-2011







embedded image




R/S-3011







embedded image




R/S-4011







embedded image




R/S-5011







embedded image




R/S-1011
















TABLE D





Stabilizers which can be added, for example, to the mixtures according to


the invention in amounts of 0-10% by weight are mentioned below.









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image




n = 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6 or 7







embedded image




n = 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6 or 7







embedded image









embedded image




n = 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6 or 7







embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image









embedded image


















TABLE E





Table E shows illustrative compounds which can be used in the LC media


in accordance with the present invention, preferably as reactive mesogenic


compounds. If the mixtures according to the invention comprise one or


more reactive compounds, they are preferably employed in amounts of


0.01-5% by weight. It may be necessary to add an initiator or a mixture of


two or more initiators for the polymerization. The initiator or initiator mixture


is preferably added in amounts of 0.001-2% by weight, based on the mix-


ture. A suitable initiator is, for example, Irgacure (BASF) or Irganox


(BASF).


















embedded image


RM-1







embedded image


RM-2







embedded image


RM-3







embedded image


RM-4







embedded image


RM-5







embedded image


RM-6







embedded image


RM-7







embedded image


RM-8







embedded image


RM-9







embedded image


RM-10







embedded image


RM-11







embedded image


RM-12







embedded image


RM-13







embedded image


RM-14







embedded image


RM-15







embedded image


RM-16







embedded image


RM-17







embedded image


RM-18







embedded image


RM-19







embedded image


RM-20







embedded image


RM-21







embedded image


RM-22







embedded image


RM-23







embedded image


RM-24







embedded image


RM-25







embedded image


RM-26







embedded image


RM-27







embedded image


RM-28







embedded image


RM-29







embedded image


RM-30







embedded image


RM-31







embedded image


RM-32







embedded image


RM-33







embedded image


RM-34







embedded image


RM-35







embedded image


RM-36







embedded image


RM-37







embedded image


RM-38







embedded image


RM-39







embedded image


RM-40







embedded image


RM-41







embedded image


RM-42







embedded image


RM-43







embedded image


RM-44







embedded image


RM-45







embedded image


RM-46







embedded image


RM-47







embedded image


RM-48







embedded image


RM-49







embedded image


RM-50







embedded image


RM-51







embedded image


RM-52







embedded image


RM-53







embedded image


RM-54







embedded image


RM-55







embedded image


RM-56







embedded image


RM-57







embedded image


RM-58







embedded image


RM-59







embedded image


RM-60







embedded image


RM-61







embedded image


RM-62







embedded image


RM-63







embedded image


RM-64







embedded image


RM-65







embedded image


RM-66







embedded image


RM-67







embedded image


RM-68







embedded image


RM-69







embedded image


RM-70







embedded image


RM-71







embedded image


RM-72







embedded image


RM-73







embedded image


RM-74







embedded image


RM-75







embedded image


RM-76







embedded image


RM-77







embedded image


RM-78







embedded image


RM-79







embedded image


RM-80







embedded image


RM-81







embedded image


RM-82







embedded image


RM-83







embedded image


RM-84







embedded image


RM-85







embedded image


RM-86







embedded image


RM-87







embedded image


RM-88







embedded image


RM-89







embedded image


RM-90







embedded image


RM-91







embedded image


RM-92







embedded image


RM-93







embedded image


RM-94







embedded image


RM-95







embedded image


RM-96







embedded image


RM-97







embedded image


RM-98







embedded image


RM-99







embedded image


RM-100







embedded image


RM-101









In a preferred embodiment, the mixtures according to the invention comprise one or more polymerizable compounds, preferably selected from the polymerizable compounds of the formulae RM-1 to RM-94. Media of this type are particularly suitable for PS-FFS and PS-IPS applications. Of the reactive mesogens mentioned in Table E, compounds RM-1, RM-2, RM-3, RM-4, RM-5, RM-11, RM-17, RM-35, RM-41, RM-44, RM-62, RM-81 and RM-99 are particularly preferred.


Without further elaboration, it is believed that one skilled in the art can, using the preceding description, utilize the present invention to its fullest extent. The preceding preferred specific embodiments are, therefore, to be construed as merely illustrative, and not limitative of the remainder of the disclosure in any way whatsoever.


In the foregoing and in the examples, all temperatures are set forth uncorrected in degrees Celsius and, all parts and percentages are by weight, unless otherwise indicated.


The entire disclosures of all applications, patents and publications, cited herein and of corresponding German application No. 10 2015 009 955.8, filed Aug. 5, 2015, are incorporated by reference herein.







EXAMPLES



  • m.p. denotes melting point, cl.p.=clearing point. Furthermore,

  • C=crystalline state, N=nematic phase, S=smectic phase and

  • I=isotropic phase. The data between these symbols represent the transition temperatures. Furthermore,

  • Vo denotes threshold voltage, capacitive [V] at 20° C.

  • Δn denotes the optical anisotropy measured at 20° C. and 589 nm

  • Δ∈ denotes the dielectric anisotropy at 20° C. and 1 kHz

  • cp. denotes clearing point [° C.]

  • K1 denotes elastic constant, “splay” deformation at 20° C., [pN]

  • K3 denotes elastic constant, “bend” deformation at 20° C., [pN]

  • γ1 denotes rotational viscosity measured at 20° C. [mPa·s], determined by the transient current method in a electric field

  • LTS denotes low-temperature stability (nematic phase), determined in glass vials.



Mixture Examples

The electro-optical data are measured in a TN cell at the 1st minimum (i.e. at a d·Δn value of 0.5 μm) at 20° C., unless expressly indicated otherwise. The optical data are measured at 20° C., unless expressly indicated otherwise. All physical properties are determined in accordance with “Merck Liquid Crystals, Physical Properties of Liquid Crystals” Status November 1997, Merck KGaA, Germany, and apply for a temperature of 20° C., unless explicitly indicated otherwise.


Example M1




















CC-3-V
51.50%
Clearing point [° C.]:
74



CC-3-V1
5.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1175



CCP-V-1
5.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.2



CLP-3-T
4.50%
ε|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
4.9



PGP-1-2V
3.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



PGP-2-2V
14.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
45



PGP-3-2V
2.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.1



PGU-2-F
4.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.7



PGUQU-3-F
3.00%
LTS [bulk, −20° C.]:
>1000 h



PP-1-2V1
6.00%



PPGU-3-F
1.00%










Example M2




















CC-3-V
51.50%
Clearing point [° C.]:
73.5



CC-3-V1
5.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1174



CCP-V-1
6.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.2



CLP-3-T
3.50%
ε|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
4.9



PGP-1-2V
3.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



PGP-2-2V
14.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
44



PGP-3-2V
2.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.9



PGU-2-F
4.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.6



PGUQU-3-F
3.00%
LTS [bulk, −20° C.]:
>1000 h



PP-1-2V1
6.00%



PPGU-3-F
1.00%










Example M3




















CC-3-V
53.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
73.5



CC-3-V1
3.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1170



CCP-V-1
7.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.2



CLP-3-T
3.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
4.9



PGP-1-2V
3.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



PGP-2-2V
14.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
43



PGP-3-2V
2.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.7



PGU-2-F
5.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.5



PGUQU-3-F
3.00%



PP-1-2V1
5.50%



PPGU-3-F
1.00%










Example M4




















CC-3-V
51.50%
Clearing point [° C.]:
74



CC-3-V1
5.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1182



CCP-V-1
5.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.2



CLP-3-T
4.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
4.9



PGP-1-2V
3.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



PGP-2-2V
15.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
45



PGP-3-2V
2.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.2



PGU-2-F
4.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.7



PGUQU-3-F
3.00%



PP-1-2V1
6.00%



PPGU-3-F
1.00%










Example M5




















CC-3-V
26.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
105



CC-3-V1
10.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1192



CC-3-2V1
9.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.2



CCP-V-1
11.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
8.0



CCP-V2-1
8.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.8



CLP-3-T
5.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
86



PGP-2-3
2.50%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
19.6



PGP-2-2V
10.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
19.2



APUQU-3-F
6.50%



PGUQU-3-F
2.50%



PGUQU-4-F
6.00%



CPGU-3-OT
3.00%










Example M6




















CC-3-V
28.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
102



CC-3-V1
9.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1184



CC-3-2V1
9.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.2



CCP-V-1
12.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
8.0



CCP-V2-1
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.8



CLP-3-T
6.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
83



PGP-2-3
2.50%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
19.0



PGP-2-2V
10.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
18.7



APUQU-3-F
6.00%
LTS [bulk, −20° C.]:
>1000 h



PGUQU-3-F
3.50%



PGUQU-4-F
6.00%



CPGU-3-OT
2.00%










Example M7




















CC-3-V
28.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
101



CC-3-V1
9.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1176



CC-3-2V1
9.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.2



CCP-V-1
12.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
8.0



CCP-V2-1
5.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.8



CLP-3-T
6.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
81



PGP-2V
12.50%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
18.7



APUQU-3-F
5.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
18.5



PGUQU-3-F
4.00%



PGUQU-4-F
6.50%



CPGU-3-OT
1.00%










Example M8




















CC-3-V
28.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
100



CC-3-V1
10.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1181



CC-3-2V1
8.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.2



CCP-V-1
12.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
8.0



CCP-V2-1
5.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.8



CLP-3-T
6.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
80



PGP-2-2V
13.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
18.6



APUQU-3-F
5.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
18.6



PGUQU-3-F
5.00%



PGUQU-4-F
6.00%










Example M9




















CC-3-V
28.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
100.5



CC-3-V1
10.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1184



CC-3-2V1
9.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.2



CCP-V-1
11.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
8.0



CCP-V2-1
4.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.8



CLP-3-T
7.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
81



PGP-2-2V
13.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
19.1



APUQU-3-F
5.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
18.7



PGUQU-3-F
4.00%



PGUQU-4-F
6.00%



CPGU-3-OT
1.00%










Example M10




















APUQU-2-F
6.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
80



APUQU-3-F
4.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1009



CC-3-V
41.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
9.5



CC-3-V1
10.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
12.7



CLP-3-T
7.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.2



CCP-3OCF3
4.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
69



CCP-V-1
6.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.5



PGUQU-3-F
6.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.8



PGUQU-4-F
6.00%



PGUQU-5-F
6.00%



PUQU-3-F
3.00%










Example M11




















APUQU-2-F
6.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
79.5



APUQU-3-F
4.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1006



CC-3-V
44.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
9.4



CC-3-V1
6.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
12.6



CLP-3-T
7.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.2



CCP-3OCF3
4.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
68



CCP-V-1
7.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.2



PGUQU-3-F
6.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.4



PGUQU-4-F
6.00%



PGUQU-5-F
6.00%



PUQU-3-F
3.00%










Example M12




















APUQU-2-F
7.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
83.5



APUQU-3-F
5.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1014



CC-3-V
42.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
9.5



CC-3-V1
9.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
12.7



CLP-3-T
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.2



CCP-3OCF3
5.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
72



CCP-V-1
7.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.8



PGUQU-3-F
7.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
16.0



PGUQU-4-F
6.00%



PGUQU-5-F
6.00%










Example M13




















APUQU-2-F
6.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
83.5



APUQU-3-F
5.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1014



CC-3-V
40.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
9.5



CC-3-V1
8.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
12.6



CLP-3-T
7.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.2



CCP-3OCF3
5.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
73



CCP-V-1
9.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.8



PGUQU-3-F
6.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
16.0



PGUQU-4-F
6.00%



PGUQU-5-F
5.00%



PUQU-3-F
2.50%










Example M14




















APUQU-2-F
7.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
83.5



APUQU-3-F
5.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1019



CC-3-V
42.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
9.5



CC-3-V1
9.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
12.7



CLP-3-T
7.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.2



CCP-3OCF3
5.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
72



CCP-V-1
6.50%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.0



PGUQU-3-F
7.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.7



PGUQU-4-F
6.00%



PGUQU-5-F
5.50%










Example M15




















CC-3-V
28.50%
Clearing point [° C.]:
94



CC-3-V1
10.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1057



CC-3-2V1
6.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
17.6



CCP-V-1
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
21.5



CLP-3-T
5.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.9



APUQU-2-F
6.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
111



APUQU-3-F
9.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
16.0



PGUQU-3-F
3.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
16.7



CDUQU-3-F
7.50%



DPGU-4-F
6.00%



DGUQU-4-F
8.00%



DGUQU-2-F
3.00%



PGU-4-T
1.00%










Example M16




















CC-3-V
29.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
94.5



CC-3-V1
10.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1040



CC-3-2V1
6.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
17.2



CCP-V-1
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
21.1



CLP-3-T
5.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.9



APUQU-2-F
6.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
108



APUQU-3-F
9.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.9



PGUQU-3-F
3.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
16.9



CDUQU-3-F
8.00%



DPGU-4-F
6.00%



DGUQU-4-F
8.00%



DGUQU-2-F
3.00%










Example M17




















CC-3-V
29.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
93.5



CC-3-V1
10.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1040



CC-3-2V1
6.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
17.1



CCP-V-1
5.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
20.9



CLP-3-T
7.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.8



APUQU-2-F
6.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
110



APUQU-3-F
9.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
16.2



PGUQU-3-F
4.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
16.6



CDUQU-3-F
8.00%



DPGU-4-F
5.00%



DGUQU-4-F
8.00%



DGUQU-2-F
3.00%










Example M18




















CC-3-V
50.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
77.5



CC-3-V1
2.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1172



CLP-3-OT
7.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.3



CLP-3-T
11.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
4.8



PGP-1-2V
2.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.6



PGP-2-2V
16.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
48



PGP-3-2V
1.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
17.3



PGU-2-F
2.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.4



PP-1-2V1
8.00%










Example M19




















CC-3-V
51.50%
Clearing point [° C.]:
75



CC-3-V1
4.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1175



CLP-3-OT
6.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.3



CLP-3-T
7.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
4.9



PGP-1-2V
2.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



PGP-2-2V
17.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
46



PGP-3-2V
2.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.6



PGU-2-F
5.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.6



PP-1-2V1
5.00%










Example M20




















CC-3-V
53.50%
Clearing point [° C.]:
75



CC-3-V1
3.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1188



CLP-3-OT
7.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.3



CLP-3-T
3.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
4.9



PGP-1-2V
2.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



PGP-2-2V
14.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
44



PGP-3-2V
2.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.5



PGU-2-F
5.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.8



PGUQU-3-F
3.00%



PP-1-2V1
5.50%



PPGU-3-F
1.00%










Example M21




















CC-3-V
28.50%
Clearing point [° C.]:
98.5



CC-3-V1
10.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1183



CC-3-2V1
10.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.2



CLP-V-1
11.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
7.9



CCP-V-1
7.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



CLP-3-T
7.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
77



PGP-2-2V
8.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
19.6



PGU-2-F
4.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
18.2



PGUQU-3-F
6.00%



PGUQU-4-F
6.00%



CPGU-3-OT
1.50%










Example M22




















CC-3-V
28.50%
Clearing point [° C.]:
98



CC-3-V1
11.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1179



CC-3-2V1
9.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.1



CLP-V-1
11.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
7.9



CCP-V-1
8.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.8



CLP-3-T
7.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
76



PGP-2-2V
7.50%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
19.3



PGU-2-F
4.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
18.4



PGUQU-3-F
6.00%



PGUQU-4-F
6.00%



CPGU-3-OT
1.00%










Example M23




















CC-3-V
33.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
92



CC-3-V1
7.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1042



CC-3-2V1
4.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
16.7



CLP-V-1
8.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
20.5



CLP-3-T
5.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.8



APUQU-2-F
9.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
105



APUQU-3-F
9.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.8



PGUQU-3-F
3.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
16.4



CDUQU-3-F
8.00%



DPGU-4-F
2.00%



DGUQU-4-F
8.00%



DGUQU-2-F
3.00%










Example M24




















APUQU-2-F
9.50%
Clearing point [° C.]:
85



APUQU-3-F
7.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1035



CC-3-V
46.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
9.6



CC-3-V1
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
12.8



CLP-3-T
3.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.2



CLP-V-1
10.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
70



CCP-V-1
3.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.0



PGUQU-3-F
8.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.6



PGUQU-4-F
7.00%










Example M25




















APUQU-2-F
9.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
84



APUQU-3-F
7.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1013



CC-3-V
42.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
9.4



CC-3-V1
11.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
12.6



CCP-V-1
6.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.2



CLP-3-T
4.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
70



CLP-V-1
4.50%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.9



PGUQU-3-F
8.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
16.0



PGUQU-4-F
5.00%



PGUQU-5-F
2.00%










Example M26




















CC-3-V
51.50%
Clearing point [° C.]:
74



CC-3-V1
5.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1174



CCP-V-1
5.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.2



CLP-3-OT
4.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
4.9



PGP-1-2V
3.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



PGP-2-2V
14.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
44



PGP-3-2V
2.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.7



PGU-2-F
4.00%
K3 [pN 20° C.]:
13.6



PGUQU-3-F
3.50%
LTS [bulk, −20° C.]:
>1000 h



PP-1-2V1
6.00%



PPGU-3-F
1.00%










Example M26a

Liquid-crystalline mixture M26 is additionally stabilized with 300 ppm of the compound of the formula ST-2


300 ppm of




embedded image


Example M27




















CC-3-V
51.50%
Clearing point [° C.]:
73.5



CC-3-V1
5.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1174



CCP-V-1
6.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.2



CLP-3-T
3.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
4.9



PGP-1-2V
3.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



PGP-2-2V
14.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
44



PGP-3-2V
2.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.9



PGU-2-F
4.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.6



PGUQU-3-F
3.00%
LTS [bulk, −20° C.]:
>1000 h



PP-1-2V1
6.00%



PPGU-3-F
1.00%










Example M27a

Liquid-crystalline mixture M27 is additionally stabilized with 300 ppm of the compound of the formula ST-2


300 ppm of




embedded image


Example M28




















CC-3-V
48.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
88



CCP-V-1
12.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1154



CCP-V2-1
5.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.5



PP-1-2V1
1.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
6.3



PGP-1-2V
5.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.8



PGP-2-2V
7.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
59



PGP-3-2V
4.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.0



CLP-3-T
5.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.7



PGUQU-4-F
5.50%
LTS [bulk, −20° C.]:
>1000 h



APUQU-3-F
4.00%



PGU-2-F
3.00%










Example M28a

Liquid-crystalline mixture M28 is additionally stabilized with 400 ppm of the compound of the formula ST-1 and 1000 ppm of the compound of the formula ST-2


400 ppm of




embedded image


and


1000 ppm of


Example M29




















CC-3-V
49.50%
Clearing point [° C.]:
89.5



CCP-V-1
5.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1172



CLP-V-1
8.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.5



PP-1-2V1
1.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
6.3



PGP-1-2V
5.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.8



PGP-2-2V
8.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
57



PGP-3-2V
4.50%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.2



CCP-30CF3
6.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.8



PGUQU-4-F
5.00%



PGUQU-5-F
2.50%



APUQU-3-F
4.50%










Example M29a

Liquid-crystalline mixture M29 is additionally stabilized with 400 ppm of the compound of the formula ST-1 and 1000 ppm of the compound of the formula ST-2


400 ppm of




embedded image


and


1000 ppm of


Example M30




















CC-3-V
52.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
85.5



CLP-V-1
11.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1187



PP-1-2V1
3.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.5



PGP-1-2V
5.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
6.2



PGP-2-2V
8.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



PGP-3-2V
3.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
56



CLP-3-T
7.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
16.2



PGUQU-4-F
5.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.4



PGUQU-5-F
2.50%
LTS [bulk, −20° C.]:
>1000 h



APUQU-3-F
3.00%










Example M30a

Liquid-crystalline mixture M30 is additionally stabilized with 400 ppm of the compound of the formula ST-1 and 1000 ppm of the compound of the formula ST-2


400 ppm of




embedded image


and


1000 ppm of


Example M31




















CC-3-V
51.50%
Clearing point [° C.]:
85.5



CLP-V-1
11.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1175



PP-1-2V1
3.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
4.1



PGP-1-2V
5.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
6.8



PGP-2-2V
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.8



PGP-3-2V
3.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
58



CLP-3-T
7.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
16.0



PGUQU-4-F
5.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.5



PGUQU-5-F
5.00%
LTS [bulk, −20° C.]:
>1000 h



APUQU-3-F
3.00%










Example M31a

Liquid-crystalline mixture M31 is additionally stabilized with 400 ppm of the compound of the formula ST-1 and 1000 ppm of the compound of the formula ST-2


400 ppm of




embedded image


and


1000 ppm of


Example M32




















CC-3-V
41.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
81



B-5O-OT
4.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1060



B-2O-O5
6.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
4.6



CCP-V-1
15.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
9.0



CLP-V-1
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
4.4



PGP-2-2V
2.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
64



CCP-30CF3
7.50%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.5



PUQU-3-F
3.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.9



PGU-3-F
5.00%
V0 [V, 20° C.]:
1.88



DGUQU-4-F
5.00%



DPGU-4-F
4.50%










Example M33




















CC-3-V
42.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
80.5



B-5O-OT
4.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1047



B-2O-O5
6.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
4.5



CCP-V-1
15.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
8.9



CCP-V2-1
8.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
4.4



PGP-2-2V
2.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
66



CLP-3-T
4.50%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.4



PUQU-3-F
3.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.0



PGU-3-F
5.00%
V0 [V, 20° C.]:
1.89



DGUQU-4-F
5.00%



DPGU-4-F
4.50%










Example M34


















CC-3-V
33.00%



CC-3-V1
5.00%



B-2O-O5
4.00%



B(S)-2O-O4
3.00%



B(S)-2O-O5
4.00%



CLP-3-T
3.00%



CCP-3OCF3
3.00%



CCP-V-1
13.00%



CCP-V2-1
6.00%



CCVC-3-V
5.00%



PUQU-3-F
6.00%



CPGP-5-2
4.00%



APUQU-2-F
2.50%



APUQU-3-F
2.00%



CDUQU-3-F
2.50%



DGUQU-4-F
2.00%



DPGU-4-F
1.50%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Example M35


















CC-3-V
30.00%



CC-3-V1
5.00%



B-2O-O5
4.00%



B(S)-2O-O4
6.00%



B(S)-2O-O5
6.00%



CLP-3-T
3.00%



CCP-30CF3
5.00%



CCP-V-1
13.00%



CCP-V2-1
1.50%



CCVC-3-V
5.00%



PUQU-3-F
6.00%



CPGP-5-2
4.00%



APUQU-2-F
2.50%



APUQU-3-F
2.50%



CDUQU-3-F
2.50%



DGUQU-4-F
2.00%



DPGU-4-F
1.50%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Example M36


















CC-3-V
34.00%



CC-3-V1
7.50%



B-2O-O5
4.00%



B(S)-2O-O4
3.00%



B(S)-2O-O5
4.00%



CCP-3OCF3
5.00%



CLP-3-T
5.00%



CCP-V-1
13.00%



PUQU-3-F
4.00%



APUQU-2-F
5.00%



APUQU-3-F
4.00%



CDUQU-3-F
3.50%



DGUQU-4-F
3.00%



DPGU-4-F
2.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%



CPGP-5-2
2.50%










Example M37


















CC-3-V
31.50%



CC-3-V1
7.50%



B-2O-O5
4.00%



B(S)-2O-O4
6.00%



B(S)-2O-O5
6.00%



CCP-3OCF3
5.00%



CLP-3-T
5.00%



CCP-V-1
9.50%



PUQU-3-F
4.00%



APUQU-2-F
4.00%



APUQU-3-F
4.50%



CDUQU-3-F
5.00%



DGUQU-4-F
3.00%



DPGU-4-F
2.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%



CPGP-5-2
2.50%










Example M38


















Y-4O-O4
10.50%



CC-3-V
25.00%



CCP-3OCF3
5.00%



CLP-3-T
5.00%



CCP-V-1
14.00%



CCP-V2-1
4.50%



PGP-2-2V
6.50%



DGUQU-4-F
5.00%



DPGU-4-F
5.00%



APUQU-2-F
7.00%



APUQU-3-F
8.00%



PGUQU-4-F
4.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Example M39


















Y-4O-O4
10.50%



CC-3-V
22.00%



B(S)-2O-O4
3.00%



B(S)-2O-O5
4.00%



CCP-3OCF3
5.00%



CLP-3-T
5.00%



CCP-V-1
13.00%



CCP-V2-1
6.00%



DGUQU-4-F
5.00%



DPGU-4-F
5.00%



APUQU-2-F
7.00%



APUQU-3-F
7.00%



CDUQU-3-F
3.00%



PGUQU-4-F
4.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Example M40




















CC-3-V
49.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
80.5



CC-3-V1
12.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.0930



CCP-V-1
10.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



CLP-V-1
7.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.3



PGP-2-2V
5.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.6



CLP-3-T
4.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
48



PGUQU-3-F
3.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.9



APUQU-2-F
6.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
16.0



PP-1-2V1
3.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Liquid-crystalline mixture M40 is additionally stabilized with 400 ppm of the compound of the formula ST-1 and various concentrations of the compound of the formula ST-2 or ST-3:




embedded image


















Mixture
ST-1
ST-2
ST-3









Example M40a
400 ppm





Example M40b
400 ppm
100 ppm




Example M40c
400 ppm
500 ppm




Example M40d
400 ppm
1000 ppm 




Example M40e
400 ppm

100 ppm



Example M40f
400 ppm

500 ppm



Example M40g
400 ppm

1000 ppm 










Example M41


















CC-3-V
42.50%



B-2O-O5
3.50%



B(S)-2O-O4
4.00%



B(S)-2O-O5
4.00%



CCP-3OCF3
5.00%



CLP-3-T
5.00%



CCP-V-1
1.50%



DGUQU-4-F
5.00%



DPGU-4-F
4.00%



APUQU-2-F
7.00%



APUQU-3-F
7.00%



CDUQU-3-F
2.00%



PGUQU-3-F
4.00%



PGUQU-4-F
5.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Example M42




















CC-3-V
43.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
80



B-5O-OT
5.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1048



B-2O-O5
5.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
4.6



CCP-V-1
15.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
9.0



CCP-V2-1
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
4.4



PGP-2-2V
2.50%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.3



CLP-3-T
6.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.9



PGU-3-F
7.00%
V0 [V, 20° C.]:
1.88



DGUQU-4-F
5.50%



DPGU-4-F
4.50%










Example M43


















APUQU-2-F
4.00%



APUQU-3-F
5.50%



B-2O-O5
4.00%



CC-3-V
22.00%



CC-3-V1
4.00%



CCP-3-1
4.00%



CCP-30CF3
8.00%



CCP-V-1
6.50%



CDUQU-3-F
4.50%



DGUQU-4-F
5.00%



DPGU-4-F
3.00%



PGUQU-3-F
3.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%



PY-3-O2
9.50%



Y-4O-O4
5.00%



CCY-3-O2
4.50%



CLP-3-T
5.00%



PGP-2-2V
2.00%










Example M44


















APUQU-2-F
4.00%



APUQU-3-F
5.00%



B-2O-O5
3.50%



CC-3-V
33.00%



PP-2-2V1
2.00%



B(S)-2O-O4
4.00%



CC-3-V1
4.00%



CLP-3-T
5.00%



B(S)-2O-O5
4.00%



CCP-30CF3
8.00%



CCP-V-1
5.00%



CDUQU-3-F
4.00%



DGUQU-4-F
5.00%



DPGU-4-F
3.00%



PGUQU-3-F
3.00%



PGUQU-4-F
3.00%



PPGU-3-F
1.50%



Y-4O-O4
3.00%










Example M45


















APUQU-2-F
4.00%



APUQU-3-F
5.00%



B-2O-O5
3.50%



CC-3-V
33.00%



PP-1-2V1
2.00%



B(S)-2O-O4
4.00%



CC-3-V1
4.00%



CLP-3-T
5.00%



B(S)-2O-O5
4.00%



CCP-30CF3
8.00%



CCP-V-1
5.00%



CDUQU-3-F
4.00%



DGUQU-4-F
5.00%



DPGU-4-F
3.00%



PGUQU-3-F
3.00%



PGUQU-4-F
3.00%



PPGU-3-F
1.50%



Y-4O-O4
3.00%










Example M46




















Y-4O-O4
10.50%
Clearing point [° C.]:
81



CC-3-V
25.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1141



CCP-30CF3
6.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
10.6



CLP-3-T
3.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
15.7



CCP-V-1
14.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.1



CCP-V2-1
4.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
87



PGP-2-2V
6.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.3



DGUQU-4-F
6.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
12.8



DPGU-4-F
5.00%
V0 [V, 20° C.]:
1.17



APUQU-2-F
7.00%



APUQU-3-F
8.00%



PGUQU-4-F
4.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Example M47

















Y-4O-O4
5.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
81


CC-3-V
21.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1120


CC-3-V1
4.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
7.9


B-2O-O5
4.00%
ε|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
14.0


PY-3-O2
9.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
6.2


CCP-30CF3
6.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
99


CCP-V-1
14.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.3


CCP-V2-1
1.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.9


CLP-3-T
4.00%
V0 [V, 20° C.]:
1.42


CCY-3-O2
4.50%


APUQU-2-F
4.00%


APUQU-3-F
5.00%


CDUQU-3-F
4.00%


DGUQU-4-F
5.00%


DPGU-4-F
3.50%


PGUQU-3-F
4.00%


PPGU-3-F
0.50%









Example M48


















Y-4O-O4
7.00%



CC-3-V
28.00%



B-2O-O5
4.00%



B(S)-2O-O4
3.50%



B(S)-2O-O5
4.00%



CCP-30CF3
6.50%



CCP-V-1
15.00%



PGP-2-2V
4.00%



CLP-3-T
4.00%



APUQU-2-F
5.00%



APUQU-3-F
6.50%



CDUQU-3-F
4.50%



DGUQU-4-F
5.00%



DPGU-4-F
3.50%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Example M49


















Y-4O-O4
10.50%



CC-3-V
24.00%



CCP-30CF3
6.00%



CLP-3-T
4.00%



CCP-V-1
13.00%



CCP-V2-1
5.00%



PGP-2-2V
7.00%



DGUQU-4-F
5.00%



DPGU-4-F
3.50%



APUQU-2-F
6.50%



APUQU-3-F
7.50%



CDUQU-3-F
3.50%



PGUQU-4-F
4.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Example M50




















CC-3-V
48.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
79.5



CC-3-V1
10.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.0930



CCP-V-1
11.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



CCP-V2-1
6.00%
ε|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.3



CLP-3-T
5.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.6



PGP-2-2V
5.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
49



PGUQU-3-F
4.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.7



APUQU-2-F
4.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
16.3



PP-1-2V1
5.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Liquid-crystalline mixture M50 is additionally stabilized with 400 ppm of the compound of the formula ST-1 and various concentrations of the compounds of the formula ST-2 or ST-3:


















Mixture
ST-1
ST-2
ST-3









Example M50a
400 ppm





Example M50b
400 ppm
100 ppm




Example M50c
400 ppm
500 ppm




Example M50d
400 ppm
1000 ppm 




Example M50e
400 ppm

100 ppm



Example M50f
400 ppm

500 ppm



Example M50g
400 ppm

1000 ppm 










Example M51




















CC-3-V
48.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
80.5



CC-3-V1
12.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.0937



CCP-V-1
11.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



CLP-V-1
9.00%
ε|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.3



PGP-2-2V
4.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.6



PGUQU-3-F
3.00%
γ [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
49



APUQU-2-F
7.50%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.4



PP-1-2V1
4.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
16.0



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Liquid-crystalline mixture M51 is additionally stabilized with 400 ppm of the compound of the formula ST-1 and various concentrations of the compounds of the formula ST-2 or ST-3:


















Mixture
ST-1
ST-2
ST-3









Example M51a
400 ppm





Example M51b
400 ppm
100 ppm




Example M51c
400 ppm
500 ppm




Example M51d
400 ppm
1000 ppm 




Example M51e
400 ppm

100 ppm



Example M51f
400 ppm

500 ppm



Example M51g
400 ppm

1000 ppm 










Example M52




















CC-3-V
48.50%
Clearing point [° C.]:
79.0



CC-3-V1
12.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.0939



CCP-V-1
10.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.9



PGP-2-2V
3.50%
ε|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.4



PGUQU-3-F
5.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.6



APUQU-2-F
6.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
48



PP-1-2V1
5.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.1



PPGU-3-F
0.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.8



CLP-V-1
9.00%










Example M53




















CC-3-V
48.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
80.6



CC-3-V1
12.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.0930



CCP-V-1
11.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



PGP-2-2V
4.50%
ε|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
6.3



PGUQU-3-F
3.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.6



APUQU-2-F
6.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
49



PP-1-2V1
4.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.0



PPGU-3-F
0.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
17.1



CLP-3-T
4.00%



CLP-V-1
6.50










Example M54




















CC-3-V
48.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
80.0



CC-3-V1
10.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.0956



CCP-V-1
11.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



PGP-2-2V
5.00%
ε|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.3



PGUQU-3-F
4.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.6



APUQU-2-F
4.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
49



PP-1-2V1
5.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.0



PPGU-3-F
0.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
16.3



CLP-3-T
5.50%



CLP-V-1
6.00










Example M55




















PGUQU-3-F
3.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
70.2



PPGU-3-F
0.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1345



PGP-1-2V
7.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.3



PGP-2-2V
11.00%
ε|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
8.3



PGU-3-F
6.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.0



PUQU-3-F
10.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
55



CC-3-V
34.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.7



PP-1-2V1
10.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.3



CLP-3-T
6.00%
V0 [V, 20° C.]:
1.81



CCP-V-1
2.00%



CC-3-V1
6.00%



CC-3-2V1
4.00%










Liquid-crystalline mixture M55 is additionally stabilized with 0.05% of the compound of the formula ST-1




embedded image


Example M56




















PGUQU-3-F
1.50%
Clearing point [° C.]:
63.1



PPGU-3-F
0.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1337



PGP-1-2V
6.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.1



PGP-2-2V
10.50%
ε|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
8.1



PGU-3-F
7.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.0



PUQU-3-F
10.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
49



CC-3-V
42.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.6



PP-1-2V1
14.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
11.8



CLP-3-T
7.50%
V0 [V, 20° C.]:
1.78










Liquid-crystalline mixture M56 is additionally stabilized with 0.05% of the compound of the formula ST-1




embedded image


Example M57




















APUQU-2-F
2.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
104



DGUQU-4-F
4.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.0949



DPGU-4-F
2.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
4.5



CCG-V-F
17.00%
ε|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
7.4



CCP-30CF3
4.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.9



CCP-50CF3
3.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
84



CCP-V-1
10.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
16.0



CCP-V2-1
4.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
20.2



CCQU-3-F
5.50%
V0 [V, 20° C.]:
1.98



CCVC-3-V
5.00%



CLP-3-T
3.00%



PGP-2-2V
3.00%



CC-3-2V1
4.00%



CC-3-V
23.50%



CC-3-V1
5.50%



PP-1-2V1
4.50%










Example M58




















DGUQU-4-F
1.50%
Clearing point [° C.]:
79.5



CCG-V-F
6.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1051



CCQU-2-F
3.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
4.5



CCVC-3-V
6.50%
ε|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
7.9



CDU-2-F
13.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.4



CLP-3-T
4.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
61



PGP-1-2V
12.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.4



PGP-2-2V
4.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.3



PGU-2-F
4.00%
V0 [V, 20° C.]:
1.80



CC-3-V
31.50%



CCH-34
4.00%



PCH-302
10.00%










Example M59




















CC-3-2V1
3.50%
Clearing point [° C.]:
74.8



CC-3-V
49.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1189



CC-3-V1
4.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.1



CLP-3-T
6.50%
ε|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.9



PGP-1-2V
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.8



PGP-2-2V
12.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
45



PGP-3-2V
4.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.6



PGU-2-F
5.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.1



PGUQU-3-F
3.00%
V0 [V, 20° C.]:
2.20



PP-1-2V1
3.00%



PPGU-3-F
1.00%



PUQU-3-F
3.00%










Liquid-crystalline mixture M59 is additionally stabilized with 0.04% of the compound of the formula ST-1




embedded image


Example M60




















APUQU-2-F
6.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
90.6



APUQU-3-F
7.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1155



CC-3-V
27.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
10.4



CC-3-V1
8.00%
ε|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
13.9



CCP-V-1
9.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.5



CCP-V2-1
6.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
73



CDUQU-3-F
8.50%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.9



CLP-3-T
3.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.5



PGP-1-2V
5.00%
V0 [V, 20° C.]:
1.22



PGP-2-2V
5.00%



PGUQU-3-F
1.00%



PPGU-3-F
1.00%



PUQU-3-F
12.50%










Liquid-crystalline mixture M60 is additionally stabilized with 0.04% of the compound of the formula ST-1




embedded image


Example M61




















APUQU-2-F
6.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
90.4



APUQU-3-F
7.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1179



CC-3-V
28.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
10.9



CC-3-V1
8.00%
ε|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]:



CCP-V-1
9.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:



CCP-V2-1
5.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
91



CDUQU-3-F
8.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.7



CLP-3-T
4.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
16.4



PGP-1-2V
5.00%
V0 [V, 20° C.]:
1.23



PGP-2-2V
5.00%



PQUQU-3-F
1.50%



PPGU-3-F
1.00%



PUQU-3-F
12.00%










Liquid-crystalline mixture M61 is additionally stabilized with 0.04% of the compound of the formula ST-1




embedded image


Example M62




















CC-3-V
47.50%
Clearing point [° C.]:
74.8



CC-3-V1
7.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1192



CLP-3-T
7.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
4.7



CPGU-3-OT
2.00%
ε|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
7.6



PGP-2-2V
16.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.9



PGU-2-F
11.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
45



PGUQU-3-F
6.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.3



PP-1-2V1
2.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
12.6



PPGU-3-F
1.00%
V0 [V, 20° C.]:
1.78










Liquid-crystalline mixture M62 is additionally stabilized with 0.04% of the compound of the formula ST-1




embedded image


Example M63




















CC-3-2V1
7.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
70.0



CC-3-V
46.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1185



CC-3-V1
3.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.0



CLP-3-T
5.00%
ε|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.7



PGP-1-2V
7.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.8



PGP-2-2V
11.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
45



PGP-3-2V
2.50%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.2



PGU-2-F
5.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
12.8



PP-1-2V1
6.00%
V0 [V, 20° C.]:
2.21



PPGU-3-F
1.00%



PUQU-3-F
6.00%










Liquid-crystalline mixture M63 is additionally stabilized with 0.04% of the compound of the formula ST-1




embedded image


Example M64




















APUQU-2-F
6.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
80.0



APUQU-3-F
5.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1129



PGUQU-3-F
2.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.9



PPGU-3-F
0.50%
ε|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
6.7



CCP-V-1
2.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.8



PGP-1-2V
4.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
52



PGP-2-2V
16.50%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.1



CC-3-V
52.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.1



CC-3-V1
6.50%
V0 [V, 20° C.]:
2.03



CLP-3-T
5.00%










Example M65




















APUQU-2-F
5.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
80.0



PGUQU-3-F
6.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1131



PPGU-3-F
0.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.5



CCP-V-1
8.50%
ε|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
6.2



PGP-2-2V
16.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



PP-1-2V1
4.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
51



CC-3-V
48.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.6



CC-3-V1
6.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.7



CLP-3-T
5.00%
V0 [V, 20° C.]:
2.17










Example M66




















APUQU-2-F
4.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
76.0



PGUQU-3-F
3.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1176



PPGU-3-F
0.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.4



CCP-V-1
4.00%
ε|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.1



PGP-1-2V
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



PGP-2-2V
15.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
48



PP-1-2V1
6.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.3



CC-3-V
52.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.6



CC-3-V1
4.50%



CLP-3-T
4.50%










Example M67




















APUQU-2-F
7.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
76.0



PGUQU-3-F
6.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1173



PPGU-3-F
0.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
4.0



CCP-V-1
1.00%
ε|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
6.8



PGP-1-2V
4.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.8



PGP-2-2V
15.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
51



PP-1-2V1
4.50%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.5



CC-3-V
50.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.6



CC-3-V1
5.00%



CC-3-2V1
2.00%



CLP-3-T
5.00%










Example M68




















APUQU-2-F
3.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
76.5



PGUQU-3-F
2.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1177



PPGU-3-F
0.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.5



CLP-V-1
7.00%
ε|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.1



PGP-1-2V
2.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.6



PGP-2-2V
14.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
51



PP-1-2V1
7.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.4



CC-3-V
49.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.4



CC-3-V1
6.00%



CLP-3-T
4.50%



PUQU-3-F
2.00%



PGP-3-2V
2.50%










Example M69




















CC-3-2V1
1.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
77.5



CC-3-V
50.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1169



CC-3-V1
2.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
4.2



CCP-V-1
2.00%
ε|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
7.0



CLP-3-T
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.8



CLP-V-1
6.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
51



PGP-2-2V
12.50%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.0



PP-1-2V1
6.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.9



PGU-4-T
3.50%



PGUQU-3-F
5.00%



PGUQU-4-F
5.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Example M70




















APUQU-2-F
3.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
75.0



CC-3-V
49.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1186



CC-3-V1
6.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.3



CLP-1V2-1
5.50%
ε|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.0



CLP-3-T
4.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.6



PGP-1-2V
3.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
50



PGP-2-2V
13.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.2



PGP-3-2V
2.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.1



PGUQU-3-F
2.00%



PP-1-2V1
9.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%



PUQU-3-F
2.00%










Example M71




















APUQU-2-F
3.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
76.5



CC-3-V
49.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1178



CC-3-V1
6.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.4



CLP-1V-1
6.00%
ε|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.0



CLP-3-T
4.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



PGP-1-2V
3.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
50



PGP-2-2V
13.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.2



PGP-3-2V
2.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.1



PGUQU-3-F
2.00%



PP-1-2V1
8.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%



PUQU-3-F
2.00%










Example M72


















APUQU-2-F
3.00%



CC-3-V
49.50%



CC-3-V1
6.00%



CLP-V2-1
6.00%



CLP-3-T
4.50%



PGP-1-2V
3.00%



PGP-2-2V
13.00%



PGP-3-2V
2.50%



PGUQU-3-F
2.00%



PP-1-2V1
8.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%



PUQU-3-F
2.00%










Example M73




















CC-3-V
46.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
76.0



CC-3-V1
6.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1180



CCP-V-1
1.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.9



PGP-2-2V
12.00%
ε|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
6.8



PGP-3-2V
2.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.9



PGU-2-F
6.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
54



PGUQU-3-F
5.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.0



CLP-3-T
5.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.4



B(S)-2O-O4
3.50%



B(S)-2O-O5
3.50%



CC-3-2V1
1.00%



DGUQU-4-F
1.50%



CY-3-O2
2.50%



CLP-V-1
3.50%










Example M74




















CC-3-V
44.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
85.00



CC-3-V1
6.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1178



CC-3-2V1
4.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.2



CCP-V-1
1.50%
ε|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
6.9



PGP-2-2V
10.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.7



PGP-3-2V
5.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
62



DGUQU-4-F
4.50%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
16.7



PGUQU-3-F
6.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.5



CLP-3-T
5.00%



B(S)-2O-O4
4.00%



B(S)-2O-O5
3.50%



CLP-V-1
5.50%










Example M75




















CC-3-V
44.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
80.0



CC-3-V1
6.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1186



CC-3-2V1
5.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.0



PGP-2-2V
10.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
6.9



PGP-3-2V
4.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.8



DGUQU-4-F
2.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
60



PGUQU-3-F
6.50%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
16.2



CLP-3-T
5.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.9



B(S)-2O-O4
4.00%



B(S)-2O-O5
3.50%



CLP-V-1
4.50%



PGU-2-F
3.00%



PY-3-O2
1.50%










Example M76


















Y-4O-O4
7.00%



CC-3-V
28.00%



B-2O-O5
4.00%



B(S)-2O-O4
3.50%



B(S)-2O-O5
4.00%



CCP-30CF3
6.50%



CCP-V-1
15.00%



PGP-2-2V
4.00%



CLP-1V2-T
4.00%



APUQU-2-F
5.00%



APUQU-3-F
6.50%



CDUQU-3-F
4.50%



DGUQU-4-F
5.00%



DPGU-4-F
3.50%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Example M77


















Y-4O-O4
10.50%



CC-3-V
24.00%



CCP-30CF3
6.00%



CLP-V2-T
4.00%



CCP-V-1
13.00%



CCP-V2-1
5.00%



PGP-2-2V
7.00%



DGUQU-4-F
5.00%



DPGU-4-F
3.50%



APUQU-2-F
6.50%



APUQU-3-F
7.50%



CDUQU-3-F
3.50%



PGUQU-4-F
4.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Example M78


















CC-3-V
49.50%



CCP-V-1
5.00%



CLP-1V2-1
8.50%



PP-1-2V1
1.00%



PGP-1-2V
5.00%



PGP-2-2V
8.00%



PGP-3-2V
4.50%



CCP-30CF3
6.50%



PGUQU-C4-F
5.00%



PGUQU-C5-F
2.50%



APUQU-C3-F
4.50%










Example M79


















Y-4O-O4
10.50%



CC-3-V
24.00%



CCP-30CF3
6.00%



CLP-V2-1
4.00%



CCP-V-1
13.00%



CCP-V2-1
5.00%



PGP-2-2V
7.00%



DGUQU-4-F
5.00%



DPGU-4-F
3.50%



APUQU-2-F
6.50%



APUQU-3-F
7.50%



CDUQU-3-F
3.50%



PGUQU-4-F
4.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Example M80




















CC-3-V
48.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
79.0



CC-3-V1
10.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.0932



CCP-V-1
11.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.6



CCP-V2-1
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.2



PGP-2-2V
5.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.6



PGUQU-3-F
4.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
49



APUQU-2-F
4.50%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.3



PP-1-2V1
5.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.9



PPGU-3-F
0.50%



CLP-V-T
5.50%










Example M81




















CC-3-V
48.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
79.0



CC-3-V1
10.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.0930



CCP-V-1
11.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.5



CCP-V2-1
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.0



PGP-2-2V
5.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.5



PGUQU-3-F
4.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
48



APUQU-2-F
4.50%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
13.9



PP-1-2V1
5.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.9



PPGU-3-F
0.50%



CLP-V-OT
5.50%










Example M82




















APUQU-2-F
6.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
80.0



DGUQU-4-F
5.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.0983



DPGU-4-F
4.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.9



PGUQU-3-F
3.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
8.9



PPGU-3-F
0.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.0



CC-3-2V1
9.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
58



CC-3-V
48.50%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.7



CC-3-V1
7.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.2



CLP-3-T
4.00%



CLP-1V2-OT
3.00%



PGP-2-2V
9.00%










Example M83




















APUQU-2-F
6.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
79.0



DGUQU-4-F
5.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.0987



DPGU-4-F
4.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.9



PGUQU-3-F
4.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
8.8



PPGU-3-F
0.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.9



CC-3-2V1
6.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
58



CC-3-V
49.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.1



CC-3-V1
9.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.3



CLP-1V2-OT
7.00%
LTS bulk [−20° C.]:
>1000 h



PGP-2-2V
8.00%



PP-1-2V1
1.00%










Example M84




















APUQU-3-F
1.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
75.5



PPGU-3-F
0.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.0987



CCP-V-1
12.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.3



PGP-2-3
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
4.9



PGP-2-4
7.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.6



PGP-2-5
2.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
52



PUQU-3-F
7.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.2



CC-3-2V1
3.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.8



CC-3-V
46.50%



CC-3-V1
10.00%



CLP-1V2-T
5.00%










Example M85




















CC-3-V
48.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
80.5



CC-3-V1
10.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.0938



CCP-V-1
11.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



CCP-V2-1
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.2



CLP-1V2-T
5.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.6



PGP-2-2V
5.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
54



PGUQU-3-F
4.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.0



APUQU-2-F
4.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
17.0



PP-1-2V1
5.00%
LTS bulk [−20° C.]:
>1000 h



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Example M86


















CC-3-V
48.00%



CC-3-V1
10.50%



CCP-V-1
11.00%



CLP-V-1
6.00%



CLP-1V2-T
5.50%



PGP-2-2V
5.00%



PGUQU-3-F
4.00%



APUQU-2-F
4.50%



PP-1-2V1
5.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Example M87




















CC-3-V
48.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
80.5



CC-3-V1
10.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.0941



CCP-V-1
11.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



CCP-V2-1
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.3



CLP-1V-T
5.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.6



PGP-2-2V
5.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
50



PGUQU-3-F
4.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.7



APUQU-2-F
4.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
16.8



PP-1-2V1
5.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Example M88




















APUQU-2-F
4.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
76.0



PGUQU-3-F
3.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1180



PPGU-3-F
0.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.4



CCP-V-1
4.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.1



PGP-1-2V
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



PGP-2-2V
15.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
48



PP-1-2V1
6.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.4



CC-3-V
52.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.4



CC-3-V1
4.50%



CLP-1V-T
4.50%










Example M89




















APUQU-2-F
7.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
76.5



PGUQU-3-F
6.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1184



PPGU-3-F
0.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
4.0



CCP-V-1
1.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
6.8



PGP-1-2V
4.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.8



PGP-2-2V
15.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
52



PP-1-2V1
4.50%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.5



CC-3-V
50.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.3



CC-3-V1
5.00%



CC-3-2V1
2.00%



CLP-1V-T
5.00%










Example M90




















CC-3-V
49.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
79.5



CC-3-V1
12.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.0938



CCP-V-1
11.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



CLP-1V-1
8.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.3



PGP-2-2V
3.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.6



PGUQU-3-F
3.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
49



APUQU-2-F
7.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.6



PP-1-2V1
6.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
16.9



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Example M91




















CC-3-V
49.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
81.0



CC-3-V1
10.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



CCP-V-1
8.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.3



CLP-V-1
7.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.5



CLP-1V-1
3.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
50



CLP-3-T
5.50%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.6



PGP-2-2V
2.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
17.1



PGUQU-3-F
4.00%



APUQU-2-F
4.50%



PP-1-2V1
5.50%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Example M92




















CC-3-V
49.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
81.0



CC-3-V1
10.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



CCP-V-1
10.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.3



CLP-V2-1
5.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.6



CLP-1V-1
3.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
50



CLP-3-T
5.50%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.5



PGP-2-2V
2.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
17.2



PGUQU-3-F
4.00%



APUQU-2-F
4.50%



PP-1-2V1
5.50%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Example M93




















APUQU-3-F
1.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
76.5



PPGU-3-F
0.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.0995



CCP-V-1
5.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.3



CLP-1V-1
9.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
4.9



PGP-2-3
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.6



PGP-2-4
7.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
53



PUQU-3-F
9.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.6



CC-3-2V1
6.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.4



CC-3-V
46.00%



CC-3-V1
10.00%










Example M94


















APUQU-3-F
1.50%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%



CLP-V-1
10.00%



CLP-1V-1
5.00%



PGP-2-3
5.00%



PGP-2-4
7.00%



PUQU-3-F
8.50%



CC-3-2V1
6.50%



CC-3-V
47.00%



CC-3-V1
9.00%










Example M95


















CC-3-V
49.50%



CC-3-V1
10.00%



CCP-V-1
10.00%



CLP-1V-1
6.00%



CLP-1V2-T
5.50%



PGP-2-2V
4.00%



PGUQU-3-F
4.00%



APUQU-2-F
4.50%



PP-1-2V1
6.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Example M96




















APUQU-2-F
3.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
75.5



CC-3-V
49.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1132



CC-3-V1
8.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.5



CLP-1V-1
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.1



CLP-3-T
4.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.6



PGP-2-2V
14.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
50



PGP-3-2V
2.50%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.1



PGUQU-3-F
2.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.0



PP-1-2V1
7.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%



PUQU-3-F
2.00










Example M97




















APUQU-2-F
7.50%
Clearing point [° C.]:
76.0



CC-3-V
50.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1091



CC-3-V1
9.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.5



CLP-1V-1
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.1



CLP-3-T
4.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.6



PGP-2-2V
15.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
50



PP-1-2V1
7.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.2



PPGU-3-F
0.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.0










Example M98




















APUQU-2-F
7.50%
Clearing point [° C.]:
76.5



CC-3-V
52.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1062



CC-3-V1
7.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.5



CCP-V-1
2.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.1



CLP-1V-1
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.6



CLP-3-T
4.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
50



PGP-2-2V
14.00%



PP-1-2V1
6.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Example M99


















CC-3-V
46.00%



CC-3-V1
7.00%



CLP-1V-1
8.00%



CLP-3-T
7.00%



PGP-1-2V
2.00%



PGP-2-2V
14.50%



PP-1-2V1
9.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%



PUQU-3-F
4.50%



PGUQU-3-F
1.50%










Example M100




















APUQU-2-F
7.50%
Clearing point [° C.]:
81.5



DGUQU-4-F
5.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.0989



DPGU-4-F
4.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
6.1



PGUQU-3-F
3.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
9.1



PPGU-3-F
0.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.0



CLP-1V-1
3.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
58



CC-3-2V1
5.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.8



CC-3-V
50.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.2



CC-3-V1
8.00%



CLP-3-T
5.00%



PGP-2-2V
8.00%










Example M101


















CC-3-V
48.00%



CC-3-V1
10.50%



CCP-V-1
11.00%



CLP-V-1
6.00%



CLP-1V2-T
2.50%



CLP-3-T
3.00%



PGP-2-2V
5.00%



PGUQU-3-F
4.00%



APUQU-2-F
4.50%



PP-1-2V1
5.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Example M102


















CC-3-V
49.50%



CC-3-V1
10.00%



CCP-V-1
10.00%



CLP-1V-1
6.00%



CLP-1V2-T
5.50%



PGP-2-2V
4.00%



PGUQU-3-F
4.00%



APUQU-2-F
4.50%



PP-1-2V1
6.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Example M103




















APUQU-2-F
4.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
76.5



PGUQU-3-F
3.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1182



PPGU-3-F
0.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.4



CCP-V-1
4.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.1



PGP-1-2V
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



PGP-2-2V
15.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
50



PP-1-2V1
6.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.4



CC-3-V
52.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.6



CC-3-V1
4.50%



CLP-1V2-T
4.50%










Example M104




















APUQU-2-F
7.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
77



PGUQU-3-F
6.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1179



PPGU-3-F
0.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
4.0



CCP-V-1
1.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
6.8



PGP-1-2V
4.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.8



PGP-2-2V
15.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
53



PP-1-2V1
4.50%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.4



CC-3-V
50.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.8



CC-3-V1
5.00%



CC-3-2V1
2.00%



CLP-1V2-T
5.00%










Example M105




















APUQU-2-F
5.50%
Clearing point [° C.]:
81



DGUQU-4-F
5.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.0982



DPGU-4-F
5.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
6.1



PGUQU-3-F
3.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
9.0



PPGU-3-F
0.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.0



CCP-V-1
1.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
60



CC-3-2V1
9.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.3



CC-3-V
48.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.5



CC-3-V1
7.00%



CLP-3-T
4.00%



CLP-1V-T
3.00%



PGP-2-2V
8.50%










Example M106




















CC-3-V
50.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
83



CC-3-V1
11.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.0943



CLP-V-1
11.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



CLP-1-V1
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.2



CLP-3-T
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.5



PGP-2-2V
3.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
53



PGUQU-3-F
3.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
16.6



APUQU-3-F
5.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
17.3



PP-1-2V1
4.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Example M107




















CC-3-V
51.50%
Clearing point [° C.]:
82



CC-3-V1
11.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.0923



CLP-1V-1
9.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



CLP-V2-1
6.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.2



CLP-3-T
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.5



PGP-2-2V
2.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
54



PGUQU-3-F
3.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
16.5



APUQU-2-F
5.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
18.0



PP-1-2V1
5.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Example M108




















CC-3-V
50.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
81



CC-3-V1
11.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.0956



CLP-1V-1
11.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



CLP-V2-1
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.2



CLP-3-T
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.5



PGP-2-2V
1.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
51



PGUQU-3-F
3.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
16.4



APUQU-2-F
5.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
17.3



PP-1-2V1
6.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Example M109


















CC-3-V
51.50%



CC-3-V1
11.50%



CLP-1V-1
8.00%



CLP-V2-1
6.00%



CLP-3-T
6.50%



PGP-2-2V
2.00%



PGUQU-3-F
3.00%



APUQU-2-F
5.00%



PP-1-2V1
6.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Example M110




















CC-3-2V1
1.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
77.5



CC-3-V
50.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1175



CC-3-V1
2.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
4.2



CCP-V-1
2.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
7.0



CLP-3-T
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



CLP-1V-1
6.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
54



PGP-2-2V
11.50%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
16.6



PP-1-2V1
7.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.9



PGU-4-T
3.50%



PGUQU-3-F
5.00%



PGUQU-4-F
5.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%










Example M111




















APUQU-2-F
3.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
76.5



CC-3-V
49.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1178



CC-3-V1
6.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.4



CLP-1V-1
6.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.0



CLP-3-T
4.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



PGP-1-2V
3.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
50



PGP-2-2V
13.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.2



PGP-3-2V
2.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.1



PGUQU-3-F
2.00%



PP-1-2V1
8.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%



PUQU-3-F
2.00%










Example M112




















APUQU-2-F
2.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
75



PGUQU-3-F
5.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1171



PPGU-3-F
0.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.4



CCP-V-1
2.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
5.0



LPP-3-2
3.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



PGP-2-2V
15.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
46



PP-1-2V1
9.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.3



CC-3-V
51.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.3



CC-3-V1
5.00%



CLP-3-T
4.50%



CLP-1V-1
2.00%










Example M113




















CC-3-V
46.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
77.5



CC-3-V1
6.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1196



CLP-1V-1
1.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.9



PGP-2-2V
11.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
6.8



PGP-3-2V
2.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.9



PGU-2-F
6.50%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
57



PGUQU-3-F
5.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.6



CLP-3-T
5.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.2



B(S)-2O-O4
3.50%



B(S)-2O-O5
3.50%



CC-3-2V1
1.00%



DGUQU-4-F
1.50%



PY-3-O2
2.50%



CLP-1-V1
5.00%










Example M114


















APUQU-2-F
4.50%



PGUQU-3-F
4.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%



CLP-1V-1
6.00%



PGP-1-2V
2.50%



PGP-2-2V
16.50%



PP-1-2V1
7.50%



CC-3-V
52.50%



CC-3-V1
6.00%










Example M115




















CC-3-V
47.50%
Clearing point [° C.]:
79.5



CC-3-V1
5.50%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1178



PGP-2-2V
12.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.9



PGP-3-2V
2.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
6.6



PGU-2-F
5.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.8



PGUQU-3-F
2.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
58



CLP-3-T
5.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
15.8



B(S)-2O-O4
3.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.7



B(S)-2O-O5
3.50%



CC-3-2V1
2.50%



DGUQU-4-F
3.00%



CLP-1V-1
4.50%



PGIY-2-O4
1.50%



APUQU-2-F
1.50%










Example M116




















CC-3-V
47.50%
Clearing point [° C.]:
81.5



CC-3-V1
2.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1195



PGP-2-2V
12.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.9



PGP-3-2V
1.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
6.7



PGU-2-F
7.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.8



PGUQU-3-F
1.00%



CLP-3-T
5.00%



B(S)-2O-O4
3.50%



B(S)-2O-O5
3.50%



CC-3-2V1
3.00%



DGUQU-4-F
3.00%



CLP-1V-1
4.00%



PGIY-2-O4
1.00%



APUQU-2-F
1.00%



CLP-V-1
5.00%










Example M117




















APUQU-2-F
6.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
80



APUQU-3-F
5.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1129



PGUQU-3-F
2.00%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.9



PPGU-3-F
0.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
6.7



CCP-V-1
2.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.8



PGP-1-2V
4.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
52



PGP-2-2V
16.50%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.1



CC-3-V
52.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.1



CC-3-V1
6.50%
V0 [V, 20° C.]:
2.03



CLP-3-T
5.00%










Liquid-crystalline mixture M117 is additionally stabilized with 0.05% of the compound of the formula ST-1




embedded image


Example M118




















APUQU-2-F
5.00%
Clearing point [° C.]:
80



PGUQU-3-F
6.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1131



PPGU-3-F
0.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
3.5



CCP-V-1
8.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
6.2



PGP-2-2V
16.50%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.7



PP-1-2V1
4.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
51



CC-3-V
48.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.6



CC-3-V1
6.50%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.7



CLP-3-T
5.00%
V0 [V, 20° C.]:
2.17










Liquid-crystalline mixture M118 is additionally stabilized with 0.05% of the compound of the formula ST-1




embedded image


Example M119




















APUQU-2-F
2.50%
Clearing point [° C.]:
85



CC-3-2V1
5.00%
Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]:
0.1093



CC-3-V
24.50%
Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
8.6



CC-3-V1
5.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
10.6



CCP-3OCF3
3.00%
ε [1 kHz, 20° C.]:
2.0



CCP-V-1
9.00%
γ1 [mPa · s, 20° C.]:
94



CCP-V2-1
8.00%
K1 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.9



CLP-3-T
7.00%
K3 [pN, 20° C.]:
14.6



CPGP-4-3
2.00%
V0 [V, 20° C.]:
1.39



DGUQU-4-F
5.00%



DPGU-4-F
5.50%



PGP-2-2V
2.00%



PGUQU-3-F
6.00%



PGUQU-4-F
6.00%



PPGU-3-F
0.50%



Y-4O-O4
9.00%










Liquid-crystalline mixture M119 is additionally stabilized with 0.04% of the compound of the formula ST-1 and with 0.02% of the compound of the formula ST-3




embedded image


The preceding examples can be repeated with similar success by substituting the generically or specifically described reactants and/or operating conditions of this invention for those used in the preceding examples.


From the foregoing description, one skilled in the art can easily ascertain the essential characteristics of this invention and, without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, can make various changes and modifications of the invention to adapt it to various usages and conditions.

Claims
  • 1. A liquid-crystalline medium, comprising one or more compounds of formula I,
  • 2. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein R1 in formula I denotes a straight-chain alkyl radical, in which, in addition, one or more CH2 groups may be replaced by —CH═CH—.
  • 3. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, comprising at least one compound from the group of the compounds of the formulae I-1 to I-5
  • 4. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, additionally comprising one or more compounds of formulae II and/or III,
  • 5. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 4, additionally comprising one or more compounds of the formulae,
  • 6. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, comprising one or more compounds of formulae IV to VIII,
  • 7. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 6, additionally comprising one or more compounds of formulae Va to Vj,
  • 8. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 6, additionally comprising one or more compounds of formulae VI-1a to VI-1d,
  • 9. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 6, additionally comprising one or more compounds of formulae VI-2a to VI-2f,
  • 10. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 6, additionally comprising one or more compounds of formulae X and/or XI,
  • 11. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, additionally comprising one or more compounds of formula XII,
  • 12. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 6, additionally comprising one or more compounds of formulae XIII to XVI,
  • 13. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, additionally comprising one or more compounds of formulae
  • 14. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 6, additionally comprising one or more compounds of formulae D1, D2, D3, D4 or D5,
  • 15. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, additionally comprising one or more compounds of formulae Y-1, Y-2, Y-3 or Y-4,
  • 16. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, additionally comprising one or more compounds of formulae BC, CR, PH-1, PH-2, BF or BS,
  • 17. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, comprising I-30% by weight of compounds of the formula I.
  • 18. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, additionally comprising one or more UV stabilizers and/or antioxidants.
  • 19. The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, additionally comprising one or more polymerizable compounds.
  • 20. A process for the preparation of a liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, comprising mixing one or more compounds of the formula I with at least one further mesogenic compound and optionally with one or more additive(s) and/or one or more polymerizable compounds.
  • 21. An electro-optical liquid-crystal display containing a liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1.
  • 22. The display according to claim 21, that is a TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS or PS-FFS displays.
  • 23. Shutter spectacles having 3D effects, LC lenses or positive VA displays containing a liquid-crystal medium according to claim 1.
  • 24. A compound of formula I,
  • 25. The compound according to claim 24, of formulae I-1 to I-5,
  • 26. The compound according to claim 24, of formulae I-1a to I-5k,
Priority Claims (1)
Number Date Country Kind
10 2015 009 955.8 Aug 2015 DE national