Patent Application
20200262211
The present application is based on, and claims priority from JP Application Serial Number 2019-025593, filed Feb. 15, 2019, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
The present disclosure relates to a liquid ejecting apparatus.
JP-A-2011-834 has disclosed a liquid ejecting apparatus including a pump which is disposed at an ink supply path to forcibly supply an ink to a liquid ejection head and an ink inlet path located between the pump disposed at the ink supply path and the liquid ejection head. The ink inlet path has an inner wall surface partially composed of a flexible resin film and functions as a reservoir which temporarily stores the ink.
In addition, in a step of supplying a liquid from the pump to the liquid ejection head, the variation of the pressure is at least generated in the liquid flowing in the flow path. The variation of the pressure generated in the liquid disturbs an appropriate liquid ejection. According to the technique disclosed in JP-A-2011-834, the resin film forming the ink inlet path is deformed, thereby suppressing the variation of the pressure in the liquid. However, the range of the pressure generated in the liquid may be not limited to the range that is absorbed by the deformation of the resin film and may be the range more than that to be absorbed thereby, and hence, the pressure variation may be not suppressed by the resin film in some cases.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a liquid ejecting apparatus which comprises: a liquid ejection portion having a nozzle which ejects a liquid; a liquid supply path coupled to the liquid ejection portion to supply the liquid to the liquid ejection portion; a liquid discharge path coupled to the liquid ejection portion to discharge the liquid to be supplied to the liquid ejection portion; a pump provided for the liquid supply path to supply the liquid to the liquid ejection portion; an upstream damper portion which is provided between the pump and the liquid ejection portion as a part of the liquid supply path and which includes an upstream damper chamber having a wall partially composed of at least one flexible membrane with a rubber elasticity; and a downstream damper portion which is provided as at least one of a part of the liquid supply path between the upstream damper portion and the liquid ejection portion and a part of the liquid discharge path and which has a flexible wall composed of a resin film.
With reference to
Hereinafter, the entire structure of the liquid ejecting apparatus, the structure of a circulation path, the structure of an upstream damper portion, the structure of a collective flow path member, the structure of a downstream damper portion, the structure of a liquid ejection portion, and the composition of a liquid will be sequentially described. The liquid ejecting apparatus is, for example, an ink jet type printer which performs printing by ejecting an ink which is one example of the liquid to a medium, such as paper.
With reference to
In the following description, based on the assumption in that the liquid ejecting apparatus is placed on a horizontal surface, a vertical direction in which the gravity acts is represented by a Z axis, and directions along the horizontal surface orthogonal to the vertical direction are represented by an X axis and a Y axis. The X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis are orthogonal to each other. In the following description, the direction along the X axis and the direction along the Y axis may be called a width direction and a depth direction, respectively, in some cases. One end of the liquid ejecting apparatus in the vertical direction may be called an upper surface side or an upper side, and the other end opposite to the one end described above may be called a lower surface side or a lower side in some cases.
As shown in
The housing 12 is bonded to an upper portion of the pair of leg portions 11. The feed portion 13 feeds a medium M wound around a roll body to the inside of the housing 12. The guide portion 14 guides the medium M discharged from the housing 12 to the winding portion 15.
The winding portion 15 winds the medium M guided by the guide portion 14 around a roll body. The tension application mechanism 16 applies a tension to the medium M wound by the winding portion 15. The operation panel 17 inputs various types of processes to be executed by the liquid ejecting apparatus 10 and conditions of the processes.
The liquid ejecting apparatus 10 includes a main tank 20. The main tank 20 is disposed outside of the housing 12. The main tank 20 includes liquid receiving portions 18 each receiving a liquid and a holder 19 holding the liquid receiving portions 18. The liquid receiving portion 18 is an ink cartridge receiving an ink which is one example of the liquid. The holder 19 detachably holds the liquid receiving portions 18.
The liquid ejecting apparatus 10 includes a control portion 100 to control the operation of the liquid ejecting apparatus 10. The control portion 100 includes, for example, a central processing unit (CPU) and a memory. The CPU is an arithmetic processing device to control a drive portion of the liquid ejecting apparatus 10. The memory is a storage device, such as a RAM and/or an EPROM, having a region in which a program to be carried by the CPU is stored and an operation region in which the program is carried out. Since the program stored in the memory is carried out by the CPU, the control portion 100 controls the operation of the liquid ejecting apparatus 10.
As shown in
The subtank 30 temporarily stores a liquid supplied from the main tank 20. The subtank 30 is one example of a liquid storage portion. The subtank 30 according to this embodiment is an open type subtank 30. The height of the liquid surface in the subtank 30 is a liquid level of the subtank 30.
The liquid ejection portion 80 includes a plurality of nozzles 81 which eject a liquid and a nozzle surface 80a in which the nozzles 81 are formed. The distance between the nozzle surface 80a and the liquid level of the subtank 30 in the vertical direction is a water head difference ΔH.
The circulation path 31 is a flow path to circulate a liquid. The liquid circulated in the circulation path 31 is supplied from the subtank 30 to each liquid ejection portion 80 and is then returned therefrom to the subtank 30.
The main tank 20 and the subtank 30 are coupled to each other by a supply flow path 21. The supply flow path 21 is a flow path to supply the liquid from the main tank 20 to the subtank 30. An upstream end of the supply flow path 21 is coupled to the main tank 20. A downstream end of the supply flow path 21 is coupled to the subtank 30.
Along the supply flow path 21, a supply on-off valve 22 and a supply pump 23 are disposed in this order from the main tank 20 to the subtank 30. The supply on-off valve 22 is, for example, a solenoid valve to open or close the supply flow path 21. The supply pump 23 allows the liquid received in the main tank 20 to flow to the subtank 30.
The subtank 30 included a liquid level sensor 35. The liquid level sensor 35 detects the liquid level of the subtank 30. The liquid level sensor 35 determines whether or not the liquid level of the subtank 30 is a first liquid level L1 or more. The liquid level sensor 35 determines whether or not the liquid level of the subtank 30 is a second liquid level L2 or more, the second liquid level L2 being higher than the first liquid level L1.
The supply on-off valve 22 and the supply pump 23 supply the liquid from the main tank 20 to the subtank 30 and stop the supply of the liquid.
When the liquid level of the subtank 30 is determined to be less than the first liquid level L1, the supply on-off valve 22 and the supply pump 23 start the supply of the liquid. When the liquid level of the subtank 30 is determined to be the second liquid level L2 or more, the supply on-off valve 22 and the supply pump 23 stop the supply of the liquid. Accordingly, the liquid level of the subtank 30 is maintained from the first liquid level L1 to the second liquid level L2.
In addition, when the liquid ejection portion 80 consumes the liquid, the supply on-off valve 22 and the supply pump 23 may supply the liquid. In addition, the supply on-off valve 22 and the supply pump 23 may supply the liquid so that the pressure of the liquid in the liquid ejection portion 80 is maintained in a predetermined range. According to the liquid supply as described above, while the liquid is circulated in the circulation path 31, the pressure at the nozzle 81 can be maintained in an appropriate range. That is, in the state in which a meniscus, which is a gas-liquid interface, formed at the nozzle 81 is not destroyed, the liquid can be circulated through the circulation path 31.
When the liquid ejecting apparatus 10 performs printing, the inside of the subtank 30 is exposed to the air. The exposure to the air by the subtank 30 adjusts the inside pressure which is the pressure of the inside of the subtank 30. The adjustment of the inside pressure by the subtank 30 is performed so as not to destroy the meniscus formed at the nozzle 81. The inside pressure of the subtank 30 is with respect to the atmospheric pressure, for example, −3,500 to −1,000 Pa. The adjustment of the inside pressure by the subtank 30 is able to stabilize the meniscus at the nozzle 81.
In addition, the adjustment of the inside pressure by the subtank 30 may be performed based on the water head difference ΔH. The supply on-off valve 22 and the supply pump 23 adjust the liquid level of the subtank 30 so that, for example, the water head difference ΔH is 190 mm.
The subtank 30 is coupled to a pressurizing module 36 through an air flow path 37. The air flow path 37 supplies air in the subtank 30 or discharges air therein. The pressurizing module 36 pressurizes the liquid received in the subtank 30 by the air supply through the air flow path 37 or reduces the pressure by air discharge through the air flow path 37.
The pressurizing module 36 is used, for example, for pressure cleaning. The pressure cleaning is performed such that the liquid to be supplied to the nozzle 81 is pressurized so as to be forcibly discharged therefrom. The pressure cleaning discharges foreign materials, such as air bubbles, contained in the liquid from the inside of the liquid ejection portion 80. When the pressure cleaning is performed, the pressurizing module 36 increases the inside pressure of the subtank 30 so as to destroy the meniscus at the nozzle 81.
For example, when the liquid ejecting apparatus 10 performs printing, the pressurizing module 36 may be used to adjust the inside pressure of the subtank 30. The pressurizing module 36 adjusts the inside pressure of the subtank 30 with respect to the atmospheric pressure, for example, to be −2,400 to −1,900 Pa so as not to destroy the meniscus at the nozzle 81. The adjustment of the inside pressure of the subtank 30 by the pressurizing module 36 can also stabilize the meniscus at the nozzle 81.
The circulation path 31 includes a liquid supply path 32 and a liquid discharge path 33.
The liquid supply path 32 is coupled to the liquid ejection portions 80 and the subtank 30. The liquid ejection portions 80 are coupled in parallel to the liquid supply path 32. The liquid supply path 32 supplies the liquid from the subtank 30 to the liquid ejection portions 80. An upstream end of the liquid supply path 32 is coupled to the subtank 30. A downstream end of the liquid supply path 32 is a part of a collective flow path member 70 and is coupled to the liquid ejection portions 80.
The liquid discharge path 33 is coupled to the liquid ejection portions 80 and the subtank 30. The liquid ejection portions 80 are coupled in parallel to each other to the liquid discharge path 33. The liquid discharge path 33 returns a part of the liquid supplied to the liquid ejection portions 80 to the subtank 30. That is, of the liquid supplied to the liquid ejection portions 80, a liquid which is not ejected from the nozzles 81 of the liquid ejection portions 80 are returned to the subtank 30 through the liquid discharge path 33. An upstream end of the liquid discharge path 33 is a part of the collective flow path member 70 and is coupled to the liquid ejection portions 80. A downstream end of the liquid discharge path 33 is coupled to the subtank 30.
The liquid supply path 32 is coupled to one end portion of each liquid ejection portion 80. The liquid discharge path 33 is coupled to the other end portion of each liquid ejection portion 80 different from the one end portion thereof. The liquid ejection portions 80 are coupled in parallel to each other from parts of the liquid supply path 32 included in the collective flow path member 70 to parts of the liquid discharge path 33 included therein.
Along the liquid supply path 32, a diaphragm pump 40, a heating portion 48, a deaeration portion 49, a filter portion 50, an upstream damper portion 60, and a part of the collective flow path member 70 are disposed in this order from the subtank 30 to the liquid ejection portions 80.
The diaphragm pump 40 is one example of a pump. The diaphragm pump 40 supplies the liquid to the liquid ejection portions 80 through the liquid supply path 32.
As shown in
The suction side flow path 41 is coupled to a lower side of the diaphragm chamber 44 so as to extend in the vertical direction. The discharge side flow path 47 is coupled to an upper side of the diaphragm chamber 44 so as to extend in the vertical direction. The diaphragm chamber 44 is disposed so that the diameter direction of the diaphragm 45 is disposed in a vertical surface. Accordingly, the diaphragm pump 40 is likely to discharge air bubbles contained in the liquid.
The pump portion 42 performs an operation of sucking the liquid through the suction side flow path 41 and an operation of discharging the liquid through the discharge side flow path 47 as a series of operations. Between the series of operations performed by one pump portion 42 and the series of operations performed by the other pump portion 42, the phases are shifted by 180°. Accordingly, when the one pump portion 42 sucks the liquid, since the other pump portion 42 is able to discharge the liquid, the variation of the pressure generated in each pump portion 42 can be reduced by cooperation between the two pump portions 42. The liquid supply volume per unit time by the diaphragm pump 40 is, for example, approximately 0.4 cm3/s.
At least a part of the diaphragm pump 40 is preferably located at a lower side than the liquid level of the subtank 30. In the diaphragm pump 40, the center of the diaphragm chamber 44 in the vertical direction is more preferably located at a lower side than the liquid level of the subtank 30. When a suction port of the diaphragm pump 40 is lower than the liquid level of the subtank 30, the cavitation is suppressed from being generated, and the supply of the liquid by the diaphragm pump 40 can be stabilized.
When the one-way valves 43 and 46 each composed of a rubber material are left for a long time in a liquid discharged state, while the opening of the one-way valve is closed, tongue pieces thereof are adhered to each other in some cases. Hence, in order to supply the liquid from the subtank 30 to the diaphragm pump 40, the pressurizing module 36 may increase the inside pressure of the subtank 30. Alternatively, in order to supply the liquid from the subtank 30 to the diaphragm pump 40, the liquid may be forcibly sucked from the nozzles 81. Accordingly, the openings of the one-way valves 43 and 46 are forcibly opened, and the adhesion thereof can be overcome. The treatment as described above may be performed before or during the operation of filling the liquid in the liquid ejection portions 80.
The heating portion 48 includes a hot water tank containing a heater and a thermometer, a hot water circulation path, a hot water pump, and a heat exchanger. The hot water tank receives hot water controlled in a predetermined temperature range. The hot water circulation path is a flow path which starts from and returns to the hot water tank via the heat exchanger. The hot water pump circulates hot water in the hot water circulation path. The heat exchanger performs heat exchange between the how water flowing in the hot water circulation path and the liquid flowing in the circulation path 31.
The heating portion 48 heats the liquid flowing in the circulation path 31 to a predetermined temperature. The predetermined temperature is a temperature at which the liquid to be supplied to the liquid ejection portions 80 has a viscosity suitable for ejection from the liquid ejection portion 80 and is, for example, 35° C. to 40° C. The heating portion 48 suppresses the supply of a liquid having a high viscosity which is not suitable for ejection to the liquid ejection portions 80.
The deaeration portion 49 deaerates the liquid flowing in the circulation path 31. The deaeration portion 49 includes a deaerator and a negative pressure pump. The deaerator includes, for example, a plurality of hollow fiber membranes. Since an outside pressure of the hollow fiber membranes is reduced by the negative pressure pump, the liquid flowing in the hollow fiber membranes are deaerated. The deaeration portion 49 suppresses the supply of a liquid containing air bubbles to the liquid ejection portions 80.
The filter portion 50 is located, in the liquid supply path 32, between the deaeration portion 49 and the upstream damper portion 60. The filter portion 50 is located at an upper side than the nozzle surface 80a of the liquid ejection portion 80 in the vertical direction. The filter portion 50 is configured to be detachable to the liquid supply path 32.
As shown in
The filter portion 50 includes the filter 52 which allows the liquid to pass therethrough and a filter chamber 55. The filter chamber 55 forms a part of the liquid supply path 32. The filter chamber 55 is composed of an upstream filter chamber 53 and a downstream filter chamber 54, which are defined by the filter 52.
The upstream filter chamber 53 is located upstream of the liquid supply path 32 than the downstream filter chamber 54. The upstream filter chamber 53 is provided between the top wall of the case 51 and the filter 52. The liquid deaerated by the deaeration portion 49 flows in the upstream filter chamber 53.
The filter 52 is a cylindrical hollow body having a round filter flow path 52a. A bottom surface and a top surface of the filter 52 are each covered with a round support plate 56. A top end of the filter flow path 52a is closed by a top surface-side support plate 56. A bottom end of the filter flow path 52a communicates with the downstream filter chamber 54 through a hole penetrating a bottom surface-side support plate 56.
When the liquid flows in the filter portion 50, the liquid is temporarily stored in the upstream filter chamber 53. The liquid stored in the upstream filter chamber 53 enters the filter 52 from an outer circumference surface thereof and flows to the filter flow path 52a. At this stage, the foreign materials, such as air bubbles, in the liquid are trapped by the filter 52. The liquid filtrated by the filter 52 moves to the downstream filter chamber 54 through the filter flow path 52a and flows to the liquid supply path 32 located downstream than the filter portion 50.
Besides the liquid supply path 32, a deaeration path 58 is also coupled to the upstream filter chamber 53. The deaeration path 58 is coupled to the upstream filter chamber 53 and the subtank 30. A discharge valve 59 is disposed at the deaeration path 58. The deaeration path 58 is coupled to the upstream filter chamber 53 at the topmost position in the vertical direction.
The discharge valve 59 opens or closes the deaeration path 58. The filter portion 50 communicates with the subtank 30 through the opened deaeration path 58. A gas in the filter portion 50 is discharged to the subtank 30 through the opened deaeration path 58. The filter portion 50 is not allowed to communicate with the subtank 30 through the closed deaeration path 58.
When the discharge valve 59 disposed at the deaeration path 58 is closed, the foreign materials, such as air bubbles, trapped by the filter 52 stay at an upper portion of the upstream filter chamber 53. The air bubbles staying at the upper portion of the upstream filter chamber 53 are discharged to the subtank 30 through the deaeration path 58 which is opened by the discharge valve 59.
In this embodiment, the filter portion 50 is slantingly disposed so that an upstream of the filter portion 50 is higher than a downstream thereof. The deaeration path 58 may be coupled to an upper end side of the upstream filter chamber 53 in the vertical direction. Accordingly, a gas entering the upstream filter chamber 53 stays at a corner portion located at the highest position of the upstream filter chamber 53, and hence, the gas is more likely to enter the deaeration path 58 than the liquid.
In addition, in association with the variation of the pressure in the liquid, the volume of the air bubbles staying at the upper portion of the upstream filter chamber 53 is changed. Hence, by the gas staying in the filter portion 50, in the liquid supply path 32, the variation of the pressure in the liquid can be suppressed.
With reference to
As shown in
As shown in
The upstream damper chamber 61 includes a pair of the flexible membranes 64 having a rubber elasticity. The pair of the flexible membranes 64 is a part of a wall defining the upstream damper chamber 61. The upstream damper chamber 61 has an annular inner wall. The annular inner wall surrounds the peripheries of the flexible membranes 64. The two flexible membranes 64 surrounded by the inner wall face each other. The upstream damper portion 60 is placed so that the flexible membranes 64 face each other in a horizontal direction.
The inlet path 62 of the upstream damper portion 60 is located upstream of the liquid supply path 32. The inlet path 62 allows the liquid supplied from the downstream filter chamber 54 to flow to the inside of the upstream damper chamber 61.
The outlet path 63 of the upstream damper portion 60 is located downstream of the liquid supply path 32. The outlet path 63 allows the liquid to flow from the inside of the upstream damper chamber 61 to the outside thereof.
Of the surfaces defining the upstream damper chamber 61, a surface in which the outlet path 63 is opened is different from a surface in which the inlet path 62 is opened, and the outlet path 63 is not located at a position to which the inlet path 62 extends to the upstream damper chamber 61. The direction in which the inlet path 62 extends is a direction in which the liquid flows into the upstream damper chamber 61.
The opening of the inlet path 62 is located at a lower side than the center of the upstream damper chamber 61 in the vertical direction. In this embodiment, the inlet path 62 extends in the horizontal direction, and the opening of the inlet path 62 is located at a bottom portion of the upstream damper chamber 61.
The opening of the outlet path 63 is located at an upper side than the center of the upstream damper chamber 61 in the vertical direction. When the opening of the outlet path 63 is configured to be located at an upper side than the center of the upstream damper chamber 61 in the vertical direction, air bubbles can be easily discharged from the inside of the upstream damper chamber 61. In this embodiment, the outlet path 63 extends in the vertical direction, and the opening of the outlet path 63 is located at a top portion of the upstream damper chamber 61.
In the upstream damper chamber 61, the liquid flowing from the inlet path 62 flows along the annular inner wall provided between the pair of the flexible membranes 64. The opening of the inlet path 62 is located at a lower side than the center of the upstream damper chamber 61 in the vertical direction so that the liquid flows along the annular inside wall. On the other hand, the opening of the outlet path 63 is located at an upper side than the center of the upstream damper chamber 61 in the vertical direction so as to face an upper side.
Accordingly, the direction of the flow of the liquid in the upstream damper chamber 61 is changed from the flow into the inlet path 62 to the flow out of the outlet path 63. Since the flow of the liquid in the upstream damper chamber 61 is not linear, in the upstream damper chamber 61, an effect of suppressing the variation of the pressure in the liquid can be enhanced.
In addition, in the upstream damper chamber 61, a liquid component may precipitate in some cases. However, since the inlet path 62 is opened at a lower side than the center of the upstream damper chamber 61 in the vertical direction, the flow of the liquid into the upstream damper chamber 61 stirs the liquid therein, thereby suppressing the precipitation of the liquid component.
The width of the annular inner wall provided between the pair of the flexible membranes 64 is, for example, 10 mm. The flexible membrane 64 has a circular shape having a thickness of 1 mm and a diameter of 35 mm. At a central portion of the circular flexible membrane 64, a protruding portion 65 protruding in a thickness direction by approximately 2 mm is provided. Since the protruding portion 65 is provided at the center of the flexible membrane 64, the flow of the liquid around the protruding portion 65 is generated. Accordingly, the effect of stirring the liquid in the upstream damper chamber 61 can be further enhanced, and the precipitation of the liquid component can be further suppressed.
The flexible membranes 64 each have a rubber elasticity. The rubber elasticity indicates a specific elasticity by thermal motion of chain molecules of a rubber (elastomer) or the like. In this embodiment, “having a rubber elasticity” indicates a property in which when a low pressure is applied, the amount of change in volume is small, and when a high pressure is applied, the amount of change in volume is large.
In the supply of the liquid by the diaphragm pump 40, a high pressure can be easily applied to the liquid supply path 32 as compared to that to the liquid discharge path 33, and the variation of the pressure in the liquid is also large. Since the flexible membranes 64 forming the upstream damper chamber 61 each have a rubber elasticity, when the liquid flows at a relatively high pressure, the amount of change in volume of the flexible membrane 64 increases, and when the liquid flows at a relatively low pressure, the amount of change in volume of the flexible membrane 64 decreases. By the deformation of the flexible membrane 64, since the volume of the upstream damper chamber 61 is changed, the upstream damper portion 60 can suppress the variation at a relatively high pressure. In addition, the volume of the upstream damper chamber 61 is configured to be smaller than the volume of the upstream filter chamber 53.
A material used for the flexible membrane 64, for example, there may be mentioned a butyl rubber, a silicone rubber, an ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (hereinafter, referred to as “EPDM”), an olefinic elastomer, or a fluorine-based rubber. Even when a liquid having a high attacking property to a flow path material is used, the flexible membrane 64 composed of an EPDM can maintain appropriate swelling while suppressing the degradation thereof, and hence the function of the flexible membrane 64 can be suppressed from being degraded. In addition, when the flexible membrane 64 is composed of an EPDM, as the liquid, an UV ink is preferably used. Since the flexible membrane 64 composed of an EPDM appropriately absorbs a component of the UV ink to expand, the flexible membrane 64 is softened, and the variation of the pressure can be further suppressed thereby. In addition, in this embodiment, the “high attacking property” indicates, for example, that a force of dissolving, expanding, cracking, and/or surface-roughing the flow path material or the like is high.
Next, the collective flow path member 70 and the downstream damper portion 75 will be described in more detail.
The liquid supplied from the upstream damper portion 60 through the liquid supply path 32 is fed to a collective flow path 71 provided in the collective flow path member 70.
The collective flow path member 70 is located at an upper side of the liquid ejection portions 80 and is a rectangular parallelepiped member extending along a liquid flow direction. The extending direction of the collective flow path member 70 is a longitudinal direction, and a direction intersecting the extending direction of the collective flow path member 70 is a lateral direction.
In the collective flow path member 70, there are provided grooves each functioning as a part of the collective flow path 71 and extending along the longitudinal direction, a plurality of inlet ports 72 communicating with the liquid ejection portions 80, and a plurality of outlet ports 73 communicating with the liquid ejection portions 80. In the collective flow path member 70, from the surface in which the grooves are provided to the surface opposite thereto, holes penetrating the collective flow path member 70 may be provided. The width of the groove and the length of the hole of the collective flow path member 70 in the lateral direction are each preferably 5 mm or more.
The collective flow path 71 includes a part of the liquid supply path 32 and a part of the liquid discharge path 33. The part of the liquid supply path 32 included in the collective flow path 71 communicates with the liquid ejection portions 80 through the inlet ports 72 opened in the bottom surface of the collective flow path member 70. The part of the liquid discharge path 33 included in the collective flow path 71 communicates with the subtank 30 through the outlet ports 73 opened in the bottom surface of the collective flow path member 70. The collective flow path 71 has a function to temporarily store the liquid.
The downstream damper portion 75 is disposed at a part of the collective flow path 71. The downstream damper portion 75 forms at least one of a part of the liquid supply path 32 and a part of the liquid discharge path 33. In this embodiment, an example in which the downstream damper portion 75 forms a part of the liquid discharge path 33 will be described.
The downstream damper portion 75 includes a flexible wall 76. The flexible wall 76 is composed of a resin film. The flexible wall 76 is deformed in association with the variation of the pressure in the liquid. Although being composed of a resin film having no rubber elasticity, the flexible wall 76 is deformed by a reduced pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure, and by the deformation of the flexible wall 76, the variation of the pressure in the liquid is suppressed.
The flexible wall 76 is thermally bonded to the collective flow path member 70 so as to seal the grooves and the holes formed in the collective flow path member 70. A space in the collective flow path member 70 defined by the flexible wall 76 and the groove forms a part of the collective flow path 71. In the thermal bonding of the flexible wall 76, the flexible wall 76 in a deformed state is bonded to the collective flow path member 70.
In the flexible wall 76, an inner layer of the flexible wall 76 to be in contact with the liquid is preferably composed of a polyolefin-based material, and an outer layer is preferably composed of a polyamide or a polyethylene terephthalate. As the polyolefin-based material, for example, a polyethylene or a polypropylene may be mentioned. When the collective flow path member 70 is composed of a polypropylene, as the flexible wall 76, there may be used a resin film in which a polypropylene having a thickness of 25 μm as the inner layer is thermally boned to a polyethylene terephthalate having a thickness of 12 μm as the outer layer. When the flexible wall 76 is composed of a polyolefin material as the inner layer and a polyethylene terephthalate as the outer layer, while the flexibility is maintained, a flexible wall 76 having an appropriate gas barrier property can be obtained.
In the circulation path 31, the liquid discharge path 33 is apart from the diaphragm pump 40, and the pressure of the liquid flowing in the liquid discharge path 33 is low as compared to that flowing in the liquid supply path 32. When the downstream damper portion 75 is a part of the liquid discharge path 33, compared to the case in which the downstream damper portion 75 is a part of the liquid supply path 32, the pressure applied to the downstream damper portion 75, that is, the pressure applied to the flexible wall 76, is lower. Hence, the deformed state of the flexible wall 76 is likely to be maintained, and the variation of the pressure in the liquid can be further suppressed by the downstream damper portion 75.
With reference to
As shown in
The common liquid chamber 82 is coupled to the liquid supply path 32 and the liquid discharge path 33. The liquid supplied from the liquid supply path 32 of the collective flow path 71 through the inlet port 72 is fed to the common liquid chamber 82.
As a mechanism to eject the liquid from the nozzle 81, for example, an actuator including a piezoelectric element which is contracted by electrical application may be used. In this case, by the contraction of the piezoelectric element, the volume of a liquid chamber 83 provided between the common liquid chamber 82 and the nozzle 81 is changed, so that the liquid is ejected from the nozzle 81.
The liquid ejection portion 80 may include a head filter 84 which is located upstream than the nozzles 81 and which filtrates the liquid. Accordingly, the foreign materials, such as air bubbles, contained in the liquid are suppressed from flowing toward the nozzles 81. In addition, in the liquid supply path 32, the filter portion 50 described above is provided upstream than the head filter 84. Accordingly, since the liquid which is filtrated by the filter portion 50 and which contains a small amount of the foreign materials flows into the head filter 84, clogging thereof is suppressed, and the head filter 84 may be used for a long time.
The number of the liquid ejection portions 80 and the number of the nozzles 81 may be arbitrarily changed. When a plurality of the liquid ejection portions 80 is provided, a downstream side of the liquid supply path 32 communicating with the common liquid chamber 82 and an upstream side of the liquid discharge path 33 are each branched in accordance with the number of the common liquid chambers 82.
Next, the liquid used for the liquid ejecting apparatus will be described in more detail.
An ink composition used in this embodiment contains a hindered amine compound and, if needed, may also contain the following components. In the above liquid ejecting apparatus 10, the ink composition is supplied to the liquid ejection portion 80 through the liquid supply path 32 and is then ejected from the liquid ejection portion 80.
The ink composition used in this embodiment contains a hindered amine compound. In general, as a dissolved oxygen amount in the ink composition is smaller, an effect of suppressing polymerization of the ink by oxygen (dark reaction) is not likely to obtain. In addition, a polymerization inhibitor, such as p-methoxyphenol (MEHQ), will not function as a polymerization inhibitor when the dissolved oxygen amount is small. Hence, the ink composition is liable to be firmly adhered in a pump. However, since a hindered amine compound functions as a polymerization inhibitor even if the oxygen amount is small, although the dissolved oxygen amount is small, the ink composition can be suppressed from being firmly adhered in the pump.
Although not particularly limited, as the hindered amine compound, for example, there may be mentioned a compound having a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl skeleton, a compound having a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine skeleton, a compound having a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-alkyl skeleton, or a compound having a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-acyl skeleton. By using the hindered amine compound as described above, the durability of the liquid ejecting apparatus 10 can be further improved.
As a commercially available hindered amine compound, for example, there may be mentioned ADK STAB LA-7RD (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-hydroxypiperidine-1-oxyl (trade name, manufactured by ADEKA Corporation); IRGASTAB UV 10 (4,4′-[1,10-dioxo-1,10-decanediyl]bis(oxy)]bis[2,2,6,6-tetramethyl]-1-piperidinyloxy) (CAS. 2516-92-9) or TINUVIN 123 (4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl) (trade name, manufactured by BASF); FA-711HM or FA-712HM (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl methacrylate (trade name, manufactured by Hitachi chemical Company, Ltd.); TINUVIN 111FDL, TINUVIN 144, TINUVIN 152, TINUVIN 292, TINUVIN 765, TINUVIN 770DF, TINUVIN 5100, SANOL LS-2626, CHIMASSORB 119FL, CHIMASSORB 2020 FDL, CHIMASSORB 944 FDL, or TINUVIN 622 LD (trade name, manufactured by BASF); LA-52, LA-57, LA-62, LA-63P, LA-68LD, LA-77Y, LA-77G, LA-81, or LA-82 (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl methacrylate), or LA-87 (trade name, manufactured by ADEKA Corporation).
In addition, among the above commercially available products, LA-82 is a compound having a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-methyl skeleton, and ADK STAB LA-7RD and IRGASTAB UV 10 are each a compound having a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl skeleton. Among those mentioned above, since the storage stability of the ink and the durability of the cured ink can be further improved while an excellent curing property is maintained, a compound having a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl skeleton is preferably used.
Although a particular example of the compound having a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl skeleton described above is not particularly limited, for example, there may be mentioned 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-hydroxypiperidine-1-oxyl, 4,4′-[1,10-dioxo-1,10-decanediyl]bis(oxy)]bis[2,2,6,6-tetramethyl]-1-piperidinyloxy, 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl, bis(1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-yl)sebacate, or bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-(octyloxy)-4-piperidinyl)sebacate.
The hindered amine compounds may be used alone, or at least two types thereof may be used in combination.
The content of the hindered amine compound is with respect to the total mass (100 percent by mass) of the ink composition, preferably 0.05 to 0.5 percent by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 0.4 percent by mass, further preferably 0.05 to 0.2 percent by mass, and particularly preferably 0.06 to 0.2 percent by mass. Since the content is 0.05 percent by mass or more, the ink composition is suppressed from being firmly adhered in the pump, and the durability is further improved. In addition, since the content is 0.5 percent by mass or less, the solubility is further improved.
The ink composition of this embodiment may further contain, as the polymerization inhibitor, at least one compound other than the hindered amine compound. Although the compounds other than the hindered amine compound are not particularly limited, for example, there may be mentioned p-methoxyphenol (hydroxy monomethyl ether: MEHQ), hydroquinone, cresol, t-butylcatechol, 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene, 2,2′-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), 2,2′-methylenebis(4-ethyl-6-butylphenol), and 4,4′-thiobis(3-methyl-6-t-butylphenol).
The compounds other than the hindered amine compound may be used alone, or at least two types thereof may be used in combination. The content of at least one of the compounds other than the hindered amine compound is determined by the relationship with the contents of the other components and is not particularly limited.
The ink composition of this embodiment may contain a photopolymerization initiator. The photopolymerization initiator is used to perform printing by curing an ink present on a surface of a recording medium by photopolymerization through radiation of ultraviolet rays. Since the liquid ejecting apparatus 10 according to this embodiment uses ultraviolet rays (UV) among radiation rays, the safety is excellent, and in addition, the cost of a light source can be reduced. As the photopolymerization initiator, as long as generating active species, such as radicals or cations, by energy of light (ultraviolet rays) and initiating polymerization of a polymerizable compound, any materials may be used, and a photo radical polymerization initiator or a photo cation polymerization initiator may be used. Among those mentioned above, a photo radical polymerization initiator is preferably used. When a photo radical polymerization initiator is used, in the case in which the oxygen amount is small, the polymerization is likely to proceed. Hence, in a pump in which oxygen is liable to be deficient, the viscosity of the ink composition tends to increase, and hence, the liquid ejecting apparatus 10 of this embodiment is particularly useful.
Although the photo radical polymerization initiator described above is not particularly limited, for example, there may be mentioned an aromatic ketone, an acylphosphine oxide compound, a thioxantone compound, an aromatic onium salt compound, an organic peroxide, a thio compound (such as a thiophenyl group-containing compound), an α-aminoalkylphenone compound, a hexaarylbiimidazole compound, a ketoxime ester compound, a borate compound, an azinium compound, a metallocene compound, an active ester compound, a compound having a carbon halogen bond, or an alkylamine compound.
Among those mentioned above, an acylphosphine oxide-based photopolymerization initiator (acylphosphine oxide compound) and a thioxantone-based photopolymerization initiator (thioxantone compound) are preferable, and an acylphosphine oxide-based photopolymerization initiator is more preferable. When an acylphosphine oxide-based photopolymerization initiator or a thioxanthone-based photopolymerization initiator, in particular, an acylphosphine oxide-based polymerization initiator, is used, a curing process by an UV-LED is further improved, and the curing property of the ink composition is further improved. In addition, when at least one of those photo radical polymerization initiators is used, since the viscosity of the ink composition tends to further increase in the pump, and the ejection stability is liable to degrade when the dissolved oxygen amount is large, the dissolved oxygen amount in the ink is required to be decreased, and the durability is disadvantageously degraded; hence, the liquid ejecting apparatus 10 according to this embodiment is particularly useful.
Although the acylphosphine oxide-based polymerization initiator is not particularly limited, in particular, for example, there may be mentioned bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)-phenylphosphine oxide, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl-phosphine oxide, or bis-(2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl)-2,4,4-trimethylpentylphosphine oxide.
Although a commercially available acylphosphine oxide-based polymerization initiator is not particularly limited, for example, there may be mentioned IRGACURE 819 (bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)-phenylphosphine oxide) or DAROCUR TPO (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl-phosphine oxide).
The content of the acylphosphine oxide-based polymerization initiator is with respect to the total mass (100 percent by mass) of the ink composition, preferably 2 to 15 percent by mass, more preferably 5 to 13 percent by mass, and further preferably 7 to 13 percent by mass. When the content is 2 percent by mass or more, the curing property of the ink tends to be further improved. In addition, when the content is 13 percent by mass or less, the ejection stability tends to be further improved.
In addition, although the thioxanthone-based photopolymerization initiator is not particularly limited, for example, at least one of thioxanthone, diethylthioxanthone, isopropylthioxanthone, and chlorothioxanthone is preferably used. In addition, Although not particularly limited, as diethylthioxanthone, isopropylthioxanthone, and chlorothioxanthone, 2,4-diethylthioxanthone, 2-isopropylthioxanthone, and 2-chlorothioxanthone are, respectively, preferable. According to an ink composition containing the thioxanthone-based photopolymerization initiator as described above, the curing property, the storage stability, and the ejection stability tend to be further improved. Among those mentioned above, a thioxanthone-based photopolymerization initiator containing diethylthioxanthone is preferable. Since diethylthioxanthone is contained, active species can be more efficiently converted therefrom by ultraviolet rays (UV light) having a wide range.
Although a commercially available thioxanthone-based photopolymerization initiator is not particularly limited, for example, there may be mentioned Speedcure DETX (2,4-diethylhthioxanthone) or Speedcure ITX (2-isopropylthioxanthone) (manufactured by Lambson); or KAYACURE DETX-S (2,4-diethylhthioxanthone) (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.).
The content of the thioxanthone-based photopolymerization initiator is with respect to the total mass (100 percent by mass) of the ink composition, preferably 0.5 to 4 percent by mass and more preferably 1 to 4 percent by mass. When the content is 0.5 percent by mass or more, the curing property of the ink tends to be further improved. In addition, when the content is 4 percent by mass or less, the ejection stability is further improved.
Although other photo radical polymerization initiators are not particularly limited, for example, there may be mentioned acetophenone, acetophenone benzyl ketal, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, xanthone, fluorenone, benzaldehyde, fluorene, anthraquinone, triphenylamine, carbazole, 3-methylacetophenone, 4-chlorobenzophenone, 4,4′-dimethoxybenzophenone, 4,4′-diaminobenzophenone, Michler's ketone, benzoin propyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzyl dimethyl ketal, 1-(4-isopropylphenyl)-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropane-1-one, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropane-1-one, and 2-methyl-1-[4-methylthiophenyl]-2-morpholino-propane-1-one.
Although a commercially available photo radical polymerization initiator is not particularly limited, for example, there may be mentioned IRGACURE 651 (2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethane-1-one), IRGACURE 184 (1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl-phenyl-ketone), DAROCUR 1173 (2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propane-1-one), IRGACURE 2959 (1-[4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-phenyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-propane-1-one), IRGACURE 127 (2-hydroxy-1-{4-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propyonyl)-benzyl]phenyl}-2-methyl-propane-1-one), IRGACURE 907 (2-methyl-1-(4-methylthiophenyl)-2-morpholinopropane-1-one), IRGACURE 369 (2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1-(4-morpholinophenyl)-butanone-1), IRGACURE 379 (2-(dimethylamino)-2-[4-methylphenyl]methyl)-1-[4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl]-1-butanone), IRGACURE 784 (bis(η5-2,4-cyclopentadiene-1-yl)-bis(2,6-difluoro-3-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-phenyl)titanium), IRGACURE OXE 01 (1,2-octanedione, 1-[4-(phenylthio)-, 2-(o-benzoyloxime)]), IRGACURE OXE 02 (ethanone, 1-[9-ethyl-6-(2-methylzenzoyl)-9H-carbazole-3-yl]-, 1-(o-acetyloxime)), or IRGACURE 754 (blend of oxy-phenyl-acetic acid 2-[2-oxo-2-phenyl-acetoxy-ethoxy]-ethyl ester and oxy-phenyl-acetic acid 2-[2-hydroxy-ethoxy]-ethyl ester) (manufactured by BASF); Speedcure TPO (manufactured by Lambson); Lucirin TPO, LR8893, or LR8970 (manufactured by BASF); or Ubecryl P36 (manufactured by UCB).
Although the cationic polymerization initiator is not particularly limited, for example, a sulfonium salt or an iodonium salt may be mentioned. Although a commercially available cationic polymerization initiator is not particularly limited, for example, IRGACURE 250 or IRGACURE 270 may be mentioned.
The photopolymerization initiators may be used alone, or at least two types thereof may be used in combination.
The content of at least one of other photopolymerization initiators is preferably 5 to 20 percent by mass with respect to the total mass (100 percent by mass) of the ink composition. When the content is in the range described above, a sufficient ultraviolet ray curing rate can be obtained, and coloration caused by the photopolymerization initiator itself and/or undissolved residues thereof can be avoided.
The ink composition may contain a polymerizable compound. The polymerizable compound is polymerized by itself or by a function of the photopolymerization initiator in light radiation to cure a printed ink composition. Although the polymerizable compound is not particularly limited, for example, known monofunctional, bifunctional, and at least trifunctional monomers and oligomers may be used. The polymerizable compounds may be used alone, or at least two types thereof may be used in combination. Hereinafter, the polymerizable compounds will be described by way of example.
Although the monofunctional, the bifunctional, and the at least trifunctional monomers are not particularly limited, for example, there may be mentioned unsaturated carboxylic acids, such as (meth)acrylic acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, isocrotonic acid, and maleic acid; a salt, an ester, an urethane, an amide, and an anhydride of the unsaturated carboxylic acid; acrylonitrile, styrene, and various unsaturated polyesters, unsaturated polyethers, unsaturated polyamides, and unsaturated urethanes. In addition, as the monofunctional, the bifunctional, and the at least trifunctional oligomers, for example, there may be mentioned oligomers, such as a linear acryl oligomer, composed of the monomers mentioned above, epoxy (meth)acrylates, oxetane (meth)acrylates, aliphatic urethane (meth)acrylates, aromatic urethane (meth)acrylates, and polyester (meth)acrylates.
In addition, as other monofunctional monomers or polyfunctional monomers, a monomer containing a N-vinyl compound may also be used. Although the N-vinyl compound is not particularly limited, for example, there may be mentioned N-vinylformamide, N-vinylcarbazole, N-vinylacetamide, N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylcaprolactam, acryloylmorpholine, and derivatives thereof.
Among the polymerizable compounds, an ester of (meth)acrylic acid, that is, (meth)acrylate, is preferable.
Although the monofunctional (meth)acrylate is not particularly limited, for example, there may be mentioned isoamyl (meth)acrylate, stearyl (meth)acrylate, lauryl (meth)acrylate, octyl (meth)acrylate, decyl (meth)acrylate, isomyristyl (meth)acrylate, isostearyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl-diglycol (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, butoxyethyl (meth)acrylate, ethoxydiethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, methoxydiethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, methoxypolyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, methoxypropylene glycol (meth)acrylate, phenoxyethyl (meth)acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl (meth)acrylate, isobornyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxy-3-phenoxypropyl (meth)acrylate, lactone-modified flexible (meth)acrylate, t-butylcyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, dicyclopentanyl (meth)acrylate, or dicyclopentenyloxyethyl (meth)acrylate. Among those mentioned above, phenoxyethyl (meth)acrylate is preferable.
The content of the monofunctional (meth)acrylate is with respect to the total mass (100 percent by mass) of the ink composition, preferably 30 to 85 percent by mass and more preferably 40 to 75 percent by mass. When the content is set in the range described above, the curing property, the initiator solubility, the storage stability, and the ejection stability tend to be further improved.
As the monofunctional (meth)acrylate, a compound having a vinyl ether group may also be mentioned. Although the monofunctional (meth)acrylate as described above is not particularly limited, for example, there may be mentioned 2-vinyloxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 3-vinyloxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 1-methyl-2-vinyloxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-vinyloxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 4-vinyloxybutyl (meth)acrylate, 1-methyl-3-vinyloxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 1-vinyloxymethylpropyl (meth)acrylate, 2-methyl-3-vinyloxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 1,1-dimethyl-2-vinyloxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 3-vinyloxybutyl (meth)acrylate, 1-methyl-2-vinyloxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 2-vinyloxybutyl (meth)acrylate, 4-vinyloxycyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, 6-vinyloxyhexyl (meth)acrylate, 4-vinyloxymethylcyclohexylmethyl (meth)acrylate, 3-vinyloxymethylcyclohexylmethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-vinyloxymethylcyclohexylmethyl (meth)acrylate, p-vinyloxymethylphenylmethyl (meth)acrylate, m-vinyloxymethylphenylmethyl (meth)acrylate, o-vinyloxymethylphenylmethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(vinyloxyethoxy)ethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(vinyloxyisopropoxy)ethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(vinyloxyethoxy)propyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(vinyloxyethoxy)isopropyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(vinyloxyisopropoxy)propyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(vinyloxyisopropoxy)isopropyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(vinyloxyethoxyethoxy)ethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(vinyloxyethoxyisopropoxy)ethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(vinyloxyisopropoxyethoxy)ethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(vinyloxyisopropoxyisopropoxy)ethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(vinyloxyethoxyethoxy)propyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(vinyloxyethoxyisopropoxy)propyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(vinyloxyisopropoxyethoxy)propyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(vinyloxyisopropoxyisopropoxy)propyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(vinyloxyethoxyethoxy)isopropyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(vinyloxyethoxyisopropoxy)isopropyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(vinyloxyisopropoxyethoxy)isopropyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(vinyloxyisopropoxyisopropoxy)isopropyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(vinyloxyethoxyethoxyethoxy)ethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(vinyloxyethoxyethoxyethoxyethoxy)ethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(isopropenoxyethoxy)ethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(isopropenoxyethoxyethoxy)ethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(isopropenoxyethoxyethoxyethoxy)ethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(isopropenoxyethoxyethoxyethoxyethoxy)ethyl (meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol monovinyl ether (meth)acrylate, polypropylene glycol monovinyl ether (meth)acrylate, phenoxyethyl (meth)acrylate, isobornyl (meth)acrylate, or benzyl (meth)acrylate. Among those mentioned above, 2-(vinyloxyethoxy)ethyl (meth)acrylate, phenoxyethyl (meth)acrylate, isobornyl (meth)acrylate, or benzyl (meth)acrylate is preferable.
Among those mentioned above, since the viscosity of the ink can be further decreased, the flash point is high, and the curing property of the ink is excellent, 2-(vinyloxyethoxy)ethyl (meth)acrylate, that is, at least one of 2-(vinyloxyethoxy)ethyl acrylate and 2-(vinyloxyethoxy)ethyl methacrylate, is preferable, and 2-(vinyloxyethoxy)ethyl acrylate is more preferable. Since 2-(vinyloxyethoxy)ethyl acrylate and 2-(vinyloxyethoxy)ethyl methacrylate each have a simple structure and a small molecular weight, the viscosity of the ink can be significantly decreased. As 2-(vinyloxyethoxy)ethyl methacrylate, 2-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)ethyl methacrylate or 2-(1-vinyloxyethoxy)ethyl methacrylate may be mentioned, and as 2-(vinyloxyethoxy)ethyl acrylate, 2-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)ethyl acrylate or 2-(1-vinyloxyethoxy)ethyl acrylate may be mentioned. In addition, 2-(vinyloxyethoxy)ethyl acrylate is superior to 2-(vinyloxyethoxy)ethyl methacrylate in terms of the curing property.
The content of the vinyl ether group-containing (meth)acrylate ester, in particular, the content of 2-(vinyloxyethoxy)ethyl (meth)acrylate, is with respect to the total mass (100 percent by mass) of the ink composition, preferably 10 to 70 percent by mass and more preferably 30 to 50 percent by mass. When the content is 10 percent by mass or more, the viscosity of the ink can be decreased, and in addition, the curing property of the ink can be further improved. On the other hand, when the content is 70 percent by mass or less, the storage stability of the ink can be maintained in a preferable level.
Among the (meth)acrylates described above, as the bifunctional (meth)acrylate, for example, there may be mentioned triethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, tetraethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, dipropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, tripropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, polypropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, 1,4-butanediol di(meth)acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di(meth)acrylate, 1,9-nonanediol di(meth)acrylate, neopentyl glycol di(meth)acrylate, dimethylol-tricyclodecane di(meth)acrylate, bisphenol A EO (ethylene oxide) adduct di(meth)acrylate, bisphenol A PO (propylene oxide) adduct di(meth)acrylate, hydroxypivalic acid neopentyl glycol di(meth)acrylate, polytetramethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, diethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, triethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, or an at least trifunctional (meth)acrylate having a pentaerythritol skeleton or a dipentaerythritol skeleton. In particular, dipropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, tripropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, diethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, triethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, or an at least trifunctional (meth)acrylate having a pentaerythritol skeleton or a dipentaerythritol skeleton is preferable. Among those mentioned above, dipropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate is more preferable. The ink composition more preferably contains, besides a monofunctional (meth)acrylate, a polyfunctional (meth)acrylate.
The content of an at least bifunctional (meth)acrylate is with respect to the total mass (100 percent by mass), preferably 5 to 60 percent by mass, more preferably 15 to 60 percent by mass, and further preferably 20 to 50 percent by mass. When the content is set in the range described above, the curing property, the storage stability, and the ejection stability tend to be further improved.
Among the (meth)acrylates mentioned above, as the at least trifunctional (meth)acrylate, for example, there may be mentioned trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate, EO-modified trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa(meth)acrylate, ditrimethylolpropane tetra(meth)acrylate, glycerin propoxy tri(meth)acrylate, caprolactone-modified trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol ethoxy tetra(meth)acrylate, or caprolactam-modified dipentaerythritol hexa(meth)acrylate. When the ink contains an at least trifunctional (meth)acrylate, the curing property of the ink is preferably improved, and the content thereof is with respect to the total mass (100 percent by mass) of the ink composition, preferably 5 to 40 percent by mass, more preferably 5 to 30 percent by mass, and further preferably 5 to 20 percent by mass. Although the upper limit of the number of (meth) acrylate functions is not particularly limited, since the viscosity of the ink can be decreased, the number of functions is preferably six or less.
Among those mentioned above, the polymerizable compound preferably contains a monofunctional (meth)acrylate. In the case described above, the viscosity of the ink composition is decreased, the solubility of the photopolymerization initiator and the other additives is improved, and the ejection stability in ink jet recording can be easily obtained. Furthermore, since the toughness, the heat resistance, and the chemical resistance of the coating film are improved, a monofunctional (meth)acrylate and a bifunctional (meth)acrylate are more preferably used in combination, and in particular, phenoxyethyl (meth)acrylate and dipropylene glycol (meth)acrylate are more preferably used in combination.
The content of the polymerizable compound is with respect to the total mass (100 percent by mass) of the ink composition, preferably 5 to 95 percent by mass and more preferably 15 to 90 percent by mass. When the content of the polymerizable compound is set in the range described above, the viscosity and the odor can both be decreased, and in addition, the solubility and the reactivity of the photopolymerization initiator can be further improved.
The ink composition may further contain a coloring material. As the coloring material, at least one of a dye and a pigment may be used.
When a pigment is used as the coloring material, the light resistance of the ink composition can be improved. As the pigment, an inorganic pigment and/or an organic pigment may be used.
As the inorganic pigment, for example, carbon black (C.I. Pigment Black 7), such as furnace black, lamp black, acetylene black, or channel black; an iron oxide, or a titanium oxide may be used.
As the organic pigment, for example, there may be mentioned an azo pigment, such as an insoluble azo pigment, a condensed azo pigment, an azo lake, or a chelate azo pigment; a polycyclic pigment, such as a phthalocyanine pigment, a perylene pigment, a perinone pigment, an anthraquinone pigment, a quinacridone pigment, a dioxane pigment, a thioindigo pigment, an isoindolinone pigment, or a quinophthalone pigment; a dye chelate, such as a basic dye type chelate or an acid dye type chelate; a dye lake, such as a basic dye type lake or an acid dye type lake; a nitro pigment, a nitroso pigment, an aniline black, or a daylight fluorescent pigment.
In more detail, as the carbon black used for a black ink, for example, there may be mentioned No. 2300, No. 900, MCF88, No. 33, No. 40, No. 45, No. 52, MA7, MA8, MA100, or No. 2200B (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation); Raven 5750, Raven 5250, Raven 5000, Raven 3500, Raven 1255, or Raven 700 (manufactured by Carbon Columbia); Regal 400R, Regal 330R, Regal 660R, Mogul L, Monarch 700, Monarch 800, Monarch 880, Monarch 900, Monarch 1000, Monarch 1100, Monarch 1300, or Monarch 1400 (manufactured by CABOT JAPAN K.K.); or Color Black FW1, Color Black FW2, Color Black FW2V, Color Black FW18, Color Black FW200, Color Black S150, Color Black S160, Color Black S170, Printex 35, Printex U, Printex V, Printex 140U, Special Black 6, Special Black 5, Special Black 4A, or Special Black 4 (manufactured by Degussa).
As a pigment used for a white ink, for example, C.I. Pigment White 6, 18, or 21 may be mentioned.
As a pigment used for a yellow ink, for example, there may be mentioned C.I. Pigment Yellow 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 24, 34, 35, 37, 53, 55, 65, 73, 74, 75, 81, 83, 93, 94, 95, 97, 98, 99, 108, 109, 110, 113, 114, 117, 120, 124, 128, 129, 133, 138, 139, 147, 151, 153, 154, 167, 172, or 180.
As a pigment used for a magenta ink, for example, there may be mentioned C.I. Pigment Red 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 30, 31, 32, 37, 38, 40, 41, 42, 48(Ca), 48(Mn), 57(Ca), 57: 1, 88, 112, 114, 122, 123, 144, 146, 149, 150, 166, 168, 170, 171, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 184, 185, 187, 202, 209, 219, 224, or 245, or C.I. Pigment Violet 19, 23, 32, 33, 36, 38, 43, or 50.
As a pigment used for a cyan ink, for example, there may be mentioned C.I. Pigment Blue 1, 2, 3, 15, 15:1, 15:2, 15:3, 15:34, 15:4, 16, 18, 22, 25, 60, 65, or 66, or C.I. Vat Blue 4 or 60.
In addition, as a pigment other than magenta, cyan, and yellow, for example, there may be mentioned C.I. Pigment Green 7 or 10, C.I. Pigment Brown 3, 5, 25, or 26, or C.I. Pigment Orange 1, 2, 5, 7, 13, 14, 15, 16, 24, 34, 36, 38, 40, 43, or 63.
The pigments mentioned above may be used alone, or at least two types thereof may be used in combination.
When the pigments mentioned above are used, the average particle diameter of the pigment is preferably 300 nm or less and more preferably 50 to 200 nm. When the average particle diameter is in the range described above, the reliability, such as the ejection stability and the dispersion stability, of the ink composition are further enhanced, and in addition, an image having an excellent image quality can be formed. In this specification, the average particle diameter can be measured by a dynamic light scattering method.
As the coloring material, a dye may be used. The dye is not particularly limited, and for example, an acidic dye, a direct dye, a reactive dye, or a basic dye may be used. As the dye mentioned above, for example, there may be mentioned C.I. Acid Yellow 17, 23, 42, 44, 79, or 142, C.I. Acid Red 52, 80, 82, 249, 254, or 289, C.I. Acid Blue 9, 45, or 249, C.I. Acid Black 1, 2, 24, or 94, C.I. Food Black 1 or 2, C.I. Direct Yellow 1, 12, 24, 33, 50, 55, 58, 86, 132, 142, 144, or 173, C.I. Direct Red 1, 4, 9, 80, 81, 225, or 227, C.I. Direct Blue 1, 2, 15, 71, 86, 87, 98, 165, 199, or 202, C.I. Direct Black 19, 38, 51, 71, 154, 168, 171, or 195, C.I. Reactive Red 14, 32, 55, 79, or 249, or C.I. Reactive black 3, 4, or 35.
The dyes mentioned above may be used alone, or at least two types thereof may be used in combination.
Since excellent shielding property and color reproducibility are obtained, the content of the coloring material is preferably 1 to 20 percent by mass with respect to the total mass (100 percent by mass) of the ink composition.
When the ink composition contains a pigment, in order to obtain a more preferable pigment dispersibility, a dispersant may be further contained. Although the dispersant is not particularly limited, for example, a dispersant, such as a high molecular weight dispersant, which has been generally used to prepare a pigment dispersion liquid may be mentioned. As a particular example, there may be mentioned a dispersant containing as a primary component at least one selected from a polyoxyalkylene polyalkylene polyamine, a vinyl-based polymer and its copolymer, an acrylic-based polymer and its copolymer, a polyester, a polyamide, a polyimide, a polyurethane, an amino-based polymer, a silicon-containing polymer, a sulfur-containing polymer, a fluorine-containing polymer, and an epoxy resin. As a commercially available high molecular weight dispersant, for example, there may be mentioned Ajisper Series manufactured by Ajinomoto Fine-Techno Co., Inc., Solsperse Series (such as Solsperse 36000) available from Avecia or Noveon, Disperse Bic Series manufactured by BYK Chemie, or Disparlon Series manufactured by Kusumoto Chemicals, Ltd.
The ink composition may contain other additives (components) other than the additives mentioned above. Although the components mentioned above are not particularly limited, for example, known additives, such as a slipping agent (surfactant), a polymerization promoter, a permeation promoter, and a wetting agent (moisturizing agent), and other additives may also be used. As other additives mentioned above, for example, there may be mentioned known additives, such as a fixing agent, a fungicide, an antiseptic agent, an antioxidant, an UV absorber, a chelating agent, a pH adjuster, and a thickening agent.
The effects of this embodiment will be described.
(1) In the liquid supply path 32 to which the liquid is supplied from the diaphragm pump 40, compared to the liquid discharge path 33, the pressure of the liquid is high, and the variation of the pressure in the liquid is also large. Since the flexible membrane 64, which is a part of the wall forming the upstream damper chamber 61, has a rubber elasticity, the variation at a relatively high pressure can be suppressed by the upstream damper portion 60. On the other hand, since the downstream damper portion 75 has the flexible wall 76 composed of a resin film, the variation at a relatively low pressure can be suppressed by the downstream damper portion 75. Hence, in the liquid ejecting apparatus 10, the variation of the pressure in the liquid can be suppressed.
(2) In the upstream damper portion 60, the flow direction of the liquid at the inlet path 62 is different from that at the outlet path 63. Hence, for example, compared to the case in which the liquid flows linearly in the upstream damper chamber 61, the variation of the pressure in the liquid can be further suppressed.
(3) Since the outlet path 63 is opened at an upper side than the center of the upstream damper chamber 61 in the vertical direction, air bubbles in the upstream damper chamber 61 can be easily discharged. In addition, in the upstream damper chamber 61, the component of the liquid may precipitate in some cases. Since the inlet path 62 is opened at a lower side than the center of the upstream damper chamber 61 in the vertical direction, by the liquid flowing therein, the liquid in the upstream damper chamber 61 is stirred, and hence, the component of the liquid can be suppressed from precipitating.
(4) As the liquid, even when a liquid having a high attacking property to a flow path material is used, while the flexible membrane 64 is suppressed from degrading, appropriate swelling of the flexible membrane 64 can be maintained; hence, the degradation of the function of the flexible membrane 64 can be suppressed.
(5) When the flexible wall 76 is configured so that the inner layer is composed of a polyolefinic material, and the outer layer is composed of a polyamide or a polyethylene terephthalate, while the flexibility of the flexible wall 76 is maintained, the gas barrier property thereof can be appropriately provided.
(6) By the filter 52, the foreign materials, such as air bubbles, in the liquid can be collected. The volume of the air bubbles thus collected is changed in association with the variation of the pressure in the liquid, and the variation of the pressure in the liquid can be further suppressed.
(7) While the liquid in the circulation path 31 is circulated by the diaphragm pump 40, since the subtank 30 can maintain an appropriate pressure at the nozzle 81 of the liquid ejection portion 80, the liquid can be circulated in the state in which the gas-liquid interface is not destroyed. In addition, in the circulation path 31, compared to the liquid supply path 32, the liquid discharge path 33 is far from the diaphragm pump 40, the pressure of the liquid flowing therein is lower than that flowing in the liquid supply path 32. That is, when the downstream damper portion 75 forms a part of the liquid discharge path 33, compared to the case in which the downstream damper portion 75 forms a part of the liquid supply path 32, the pressure applied to the resin film of the downstream damper portion 75 is low. Hence, the resin film is likely to maintain a deformed state, and hence, the downstream damper portion 75 can further suppress the variation of the pressure in the liquid.
In this embodiment, the following modification may also be performed. This embodiment and the following modified examples may be performed in combination as long as no technical contradiction occurs.
With reference to
As shown in
The liquid ejection portion 90 includes a plurality of pressure chambers 93 communicating with the common liquid chamber 92a. The nozzles 91 are provided for the respective pressure chambers 93. The pressure chamber 93 communicates with the common liquid chamber 92a and the nozzle 91. A part of the wall surface of the pressure chamber 93 is composed of an oscillation plate 95. The common liquid chamber 92a and the pressure chamber 93 communicate with each other through a supply-side communication path 98a.
The liquid ejection portion 90 includes a plurality of actuators 96 provided for the respective pressure chambers 93. The actuator 96 is provided on a surface of the oscillation plate 95 opposite to that facing the pressure chamber 93. The actuator 96 is received in a receiving chamber 97 disposed at a position different from that of the common liquid chamber 92a. The liquid ejection portion 90 ejects the liquid in the pressure chamber 93 from the nozzle 91 by drive of the actuator 96. Since the liquid ejection portion 90 ejects the liquid from the nozzle 91 to a medium M, a recording treatment is performed on the medium M.
The actuator 96 of this embodiment is composed of a piezoelectric element to be contracted upon application of a drive voltage. After the oscillation plate 95 is deformed in association with the contraction of the actuator 96 upon application of the drive voltage, the application of the drive voltage to the actuator 96 is released, so that the liquid in the pressure chamber 93, the volume of which is changed, is ejected in the form of liquid from the nozzle 91.
The liquid ejection portion 90 has a discharge flow path 99 which discharges the liquid in the liquid ejection portion 90 to the outside without through the nozzle 91. The discharge flow path 99 includes a first discharge flow path 99a to be coupled to the pressure chamber 93 so as to discharge the liquid therein to the outside. The liquid flowing through the first discharge flow path 99a is discharged outside of the pressure chamber 93 without flowing from the pressure chamber 93 to the nozzle 91.
The liquid ejection portion 90 may include a discharge liquid chamber 92b communicating with the pressure chambers 93 and the first discharge flow path 99a. In this case, the first discharge flow path 99a communicates with the pressure chambers 93 through the discharge liquid chamber 92b. That is, the first discharge flow path 99a is indirectly coupled to the pressure chambers 93. The pressure chamber 93 and the discharge liquid chamber 92b communicate with each other through a discharge-side communication path 98b. Since the discharge liquid chamber 92b is provided, the first discharge flow path 99a may only be provided for the pressure chambers 93. That is, since the discharge liquid chamber 92b is provided, the first discharge flow path 99a is not required to be provided for each of the pressure chambers 93. Accordingly, the structure of the liquid ejection portion 90 can be simplified. The liquid ejection portion 90 may also have a plurality of first discharge flow paths 99a for the respective pressure chambers 93.
The liquid ejection portion 90 may include a second discharge flow path 99b coupled to the common liquid chamber 92a and the liquid discharge path 33 so as to discharge the liquid in the common liquid chamber 92a to the outside without through the pressure chamber 93. In this case, the discharge flow path 99 includes the first discharge flow path 99a and the second discharge flow path 99b. That is, the liquid ejection portion 90 includes the first discharge flow path 99a and the second discharge flow path 99b. The first discharge flow path 99a is a discharge flow path 99 coupled to the pressure chambers 93. The second discharge flow path 99b is a discharge flow path 99 coupled to the common liquid chamber 92a.
The liquid discharge path 33 may include a first liquid discharge path 33a coupled to the first discharge flow path 99a and a second liquid discharge path 33b coupled to the second discharge flow path 99b. The liquid discharge path 33 may be configured so that the first liquid discharge path 33a and the second liquid discharge path 33b are merged with each other or are each coupled to the liquid discharge path 33. When the first liquid discharge path 33a and the second liquid discharge path 33b are provided, a switching valve may be provided. The switching valve switches between the state in which the first liquid discharge path 33a communicates with the liquid discharge path 33 and the second liquid discharge path 33b is not allowed to communicate therewith and the state in which the first liquid discharge path 33a is not allowed to communicate with the liquid discharge path 33 and the second liquid discharge path 33b communicates therewith. The switch valve may be provided at a merge portion at which the first liquid discharge path 33a and the second liquid discharge path 33b are merged together or may be provided for each of the first liquid discharge path 33a and the second liquid discharge path 33b.
Hereinafter, technical concepts and advantages to be understood from the embodiments and the modified examples described above will be described.
A liquid ejecting apparatus comprises: a liquid ejection portion having a nozzle which ejects a liquid; a liquid supply path coupled to the liquid ejection portion to supply the liquid to the liquid ejection portion; a liquid discharge path coupled to the liquid ejection portion to discharge the liquid to be supplied to the liquid ejection portion; a pump provided for the liquid supply path to supply the liquid to the liquid ejection portion; an upstream damper portion which is provided between the pump and the liquid ejection portion as a part of the liquid supply path and which includes an upstream damper chamber having a wall partially composed of at least one flexible membrane with a rubber elasticity; and a downstream damper portion which is provided as at least one of a part of the liquid supply path between the upstream damper portion and the liquid ejection portion and a part of the liquid discharge path and which has a flexible wall composed of a resin film.
The pressure in the liquid supply path to which the liquid is supplied by the pump is likely to be high as compared to the pressure in the liquid discharge path. In addition, the pressure in the liquid discharge path to which the liquid is supplied by the liquid ejection portion is likely to be low as compared to the pressure in the liquid supply path. According to the concept 1 described above, since the flexible membrane which is a part of the wall forming the upstream damper chamber has a rubber elasticity, the deformation of the flexible membrane in the upstream damper chamber is likely to occur at a higher pressure as compared to that of the resin film. In addition, since the flexible wall forming the downstream damper chamber is composed of the resin film, the deformation of the flexible wall in the downstream damper chamber is likely to occur at a lower pressure as compared to that of the flexible membrane. As a result, the variation at a higher pressure can be suppressed by the upstream damper chamber, and in addition, the variation at a lower pressure can be suppressed by the downstream damper chamber.
In the liquid ejecting apparatus described above, the upstream damper portion may include an inlet path through which the liquid flows in the upstream damper chamber; and an outlet path which is opened in a direction different from the direction of the inlet path extending in the upstream damper chamber and through which the liquid flows out of the upstream damper chamber.
According to the concept 2, the direction of the liquid flowing from the inlet path to the outlet path in the upstream damper chamber is changed. Hence, compared to the case in which the liquid flows linearly in the upstream damper chamber, the variation of the pressure in the liquid can be further suppressed.
In the liquid ejecting apparatus described above, the upstream damper chamber may be composed of a pair of the flexible membranes facing each other with an annular inner wall interposed therebetween and may be disposed so that a direction facing the flexible membranes is a horizontal direction, the inlet path may be opened at a position lower than the center of the upstream damper chamber in a gravity direction, and the outlet path may be opened at a position higher than the center of the upstream damper chamber in the gravity direction.
According to the concept 3, since the outlet path is opened at a position higher than the center of the upstream damper chamber in the gravity direction, air bubbles in the upstream damper chamber are likely to be discharged. In addition, in the upstream damper chamber, a component of the liquid may precipitate in some cases. Since the inlet path is opened at a position lower than the center of the upstream damper chamber in the gravity direction, when the liquid flows therein, the liquid in the upstream damper chamber is stirred, and hence, the component of the liquid is suppressed from precipitating.
The flexible membrane of the upstream damper portion may be composed of an ethylene-propylene-diene rubber.
According to the concept 4, even if a liquid having a high attacking property to a flow path material is used, while the degradation of the flexible membrane is suppressed, since an appropriate swelling of the flexible membrane is maintained, the degradation of the function of the flexible membrane can be suppressed. Hence, the variation of the pressure in the liquid can be further suppressed.
The flexible wall of the downstream damper portion may have an inner layer in contact with the liquid, the inner layer being composed of a polyolefin-based material, and an outer layer composed of a polyamide or a polyethylene terephthalate.
According to the concept 5, when the flexible wall is formed of the inner layer composed of a polyolefin-based material and the outer layer composed a polyamide or a polyethylene terephthalate, while the flexibility of the flexible wall is maintained, the gas barrier property can be appropriately adjusted. Hence, the downstream damper portion can further suppress the variation of the pressure in the liquid.
The liquid ejecting apparatus may further comprise a filter portion which includes a filter through which the liquid passes and a filter chamber defined by the filter into an upstream filter chamber and a downstream filter chamber and which is provided between the pump and the upstream damper chamber as a part of the liquid supply path.
According to the concept 6, the foreign materials, such as air bubbles, in the liquid can be collected by the filter. In association with the variation of the pressure in the liquid, the volume of the air bubbles thus collected is changed. Hence, the variation of the pressure in the liquid in the flow path can be further suppressed.
The liquid ejecting apparatus may further comprise a liquid storage portion configured to store the liquid and to adjust the pressure to be applied to the liquid stored to be lower than an outside pressure at a nozzle surface to which the nozzle is opened and not to destroy a gas-liquid interface present at the nozzle, the downstream damper portion may be provided as a part of the liquid discharge path, and the liquid supply path and the liquid discharge path may be coupled to the liquid storage portion and form a circulation path.
According to the concept 7, while the liquid is circulated in the circulation path by driving the pump, the liquid storage portion can maintain an appropriate pressure at the nozzle of the liquid ejection portion; hence, the liquid can be circulated so as not to destroy the gas-liquid interface. In addition, in the circulation path, compared to the liquid supply path, since the liquid discharge path is far from the pump, the pressure of the liquid flowing therein is low as compared to that of the liquid flowing in the liquid supply path. Hence, compared to the case in which the downstream damper portion forms a part of the liquid supply path, the pressure applied to the resin film of the downstream damper portion is low. As a result, the resin film is likely to maintain a deformed state, and hence, the downstream damper portion can further suppress the variation of the pressure in the liquid.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019-025593 | Feb 2019 | JP | national |
