Claims
- 1. An electrode, comprising:an electrically conductive matrix containing a disulfide group, wherein an S—S bond of the disulfide group is cleaved by electrochemical reduction and reformed by electrochemical oxidation; and a plurality of carbon nanotubes being dispersed in the electrically conductive matrix.
- 2. An electrode of claim 1 wherein the electrically conductive matrix contains an electrically conductive polymer and an organic compound having the disulfide group.
- 3. An electrode of claim 2 wherein the electrically conductive polymer comprises a polymer represented by a formula:—[Ar—NH]n—wherein Ar is aryl, and n is an integer.
- 4. An electrode of claim 2 wherein the electrically conductive polymer comprises polyaniline.
- 5. An electrode of claim 2 wherein the organic compound contains a 5 to 7 membered, heterocyclic ring containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms consisting of a nitrogen atom and a sulfur atom.
- 6. An electrode of claim 2 wherein the organic compound contains a thiadiazole ring.
- 7. An electrode of claim 1 wherein the electrically conductive matrix contains an electrically conductive polymer having the mercapto group which is capable of forming disulfide group.
- 8. An electrode of claim 1 wherein the electrode contains 0.5 to 6 percent by weight of the carbon nanotubes based on a sum of the electrically conductive matrix and the carbon nanotubes.
- 9. An electrode of claim 1 wherein the electrode contains 1 to 4 percent by weight of the carbon nanotubes based on a sum of the electrically conductive matrix and the carbon nanotubes.
- 10. An electrode of claim 1 wherein the carbon nanotubes have an average diameter of 3.5 to 200 nanometers and an average length of 0.1 to 500 micrometers.
- 11. An electrode of claim 1 wherein the carbon nanotubes have an average diameter of 5 to 30 nanometers and an average length of 100 to 10000 times the diameter thereof.
- 12. A battery precursor, comprising:(a) a cathode having: an electrically conductive matrix containing a disulfide group, wherein an S—S bond of the disulfide group is cleaved by electrochemical reduction and reformed by electrochemical oxidation; and a plurality of carbon nanotubes being dispersed in the electrically conductive matrix; and (b) a cathode current collector; wherein the cathode is coated onto the cathode current collector.
- 13. A battery precursor of claim 12 wherein the cathode current collector and the cathode have a layered structure.
- 14. A battery precursor of claim 12 wherein the cathode has a thickness ranging from 5 to 500 micrometers.
- 15. A battery precursor of claim 12 wherein the cathode has a thickness ranging from 10 to 100 micrometers.
- 16. A battery precursor of claim 12 wherein the cathode current collector has a sheet configuration.
- 17. A battery precursor of claim 12 wherein the cathode current collector comprises a metallic foil.
- 18. A battery precursor of claim 12 wherein the electrically conductive matrix contains an electrically conductive polymer and an organic compound having the disulfide group.
- 19. A battery precursor of claim 18 wherein the electrically conductive polymer comprises a polymer represented by a formula:—[Ar—NH]n—wherein Ar is aryl, and n is an integer.
- 20. A battery precursor of claim 18 wherein the organic compound contains a 5 to 7 membered, heterocyclic ring containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms consisting of a nitrogen atom and a sulfur atom.
- 21. A battery precursor of claim 12 wherein the electrically conductive matrix contains an electrically conductive polymer having the mercapto group which is capable of forming the disulfide group.
- 22. A battery precursor of claim 12 wherein the cathode contains 0.5 to 6 percent by weight of the carbon nanotubes based on a sum of the electrically conductive matrix and the carbon nanotubes.
- 23. A battery precursor of claim 12 wherein the carbon nanotubes have an average diameter of 3.5 to 200 nanometers and an average length of 0.1 to 500 micrometers.
- 24. A lithium battery, comprising:(a) a cathode having: an electrically conductive matrix containing a disulfide group, wherein an S—S bond of the disulfide group is cleaved by electrochemical reduction and reformed by electrochemical oxidation; and a plurality of carbon nanotubes being dispersed in the electrically conductive matrix; (b) an anode having an active material for releasing lithium ions; and (c) an electrolyte being disposed between the cathode and the anode.
- 25. A lithium battery of claim 24, further comprising:(d) a cathode current collector contacting with the cathode; and (e) an anode current collector contacting with the anode.
- 26. A lithium battery of claim 25 wherein the cathode current collector, the cathode, the electrolyte, the anode, and the anode current collector have a layered structure and are laminated each other in this order.
- 27. A lithium battery of claim 24, wherein the electrolyte comprises at least one of a solid electrolyte and a gel electrolyte.
- 28. A lithium battery of claim 24 wherein the electrically conductive matrix contains an electrically conductive polymer and an organic compound having the disulfide group.
- 29. A lithium battery of claim 28 wherein the electrically conductive polymer comprises a polymer represented by a formula:—[Ar—NH]n—wherein Ar is aryl, and n is an integer.
- 30. A lithium battery of claim 28 wherein the organic compound contains a 5 to 7 membered, heterocyclic ring containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms consisting of a nitrogen atom and a sulfur atom.
- 31. A lithium battery of claim 24 wherein the electrically conductive matrix contains an electrically conductive polymer having the mercapto group which is capable of forming disulfide group.
- 32. A lithium battery of claim 24 wherein the cathode contains 0.5 to 6 percent by weight of the carbon nanotubes based on a sum of the electrically conductive matrix and the carbon nanotubes.
- 33. A lithium battery of claim 24 wherein the carbon nanotubes have an average diameter of 3.5 to 200 nanometers and an average length of 0.1 to 500 micrometers.
- 34. A lithium battery of claim 24 wherein the cathode has a thickness ranging from 5 to 500 micrometers.
Priority Claims (1)
Number |
Date |
Country |
Kind |
10-134350 |
Apr 1998 |
JP |
|
Parent Case Info
This is a continuation of Application Ser. No. 09/052,365, filed Mar. 31, 1998 (abandoned) and 09/647,188, filed Sep. 27, 2000 (abandoned) and PCT/E99/01945, filed Mar. 23, 1999.
US Referenced Citations (4)
Number |
Name |
Date |
Kind |
4833048 |
Dejonghe et al. |
May 1989 |
A |
5324599 |
Oyama et al. |
Jun 1994 |
A |
5441831 |
Okamoto et al. |
Aug 1995 |
A |
5723230 |
Naoi et al. |
Mar 1998 |
A |
Foreign Referenced Citations (6)
Number |
Date |
Country |
0818839 |
Jan 1998 |
EP |
A-5-175929 |
Jul 1993 |
JP |
07014582 |
Jan 1995 |
JP |
2513418 |
Jul 1996 |
JP |
9507551 |
Mar 1995 |
WO |
9745257 |
Dec 1997 |
WO |
Continuations (3)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
09/647138 |
Sep 2000 |
US |
Child |
09/846066 |
|
US |
Parent |
09/052365 |
Mar 1998 |
US |
Child |
09/647138 |
|
US |
Parent |
PCT/EP99/01945 |
Mar 1999 |
US |
Child |
09/052365 |
|
US |