Load carrying means for cable elevators with integrated load measuring equipment

Abstract

A load carrying and measuring apparatus for cable elevators includes a support construction attached to an underside of a base frame or a carrier frame for an elevator car and a pair of cable rollers attached below the support construction for engaging a support cable. A resilient element attaches at least one of the cable rollers to the support construction whereby the resilient element is deformed by load-dependent cable forces acting through the cable roller. A sensor detects the deformation of the resilient element and sends a signal to the elevator control. A resilient isolating element can be connected between the support construction the base frame or the carrier frame.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to load carrying means for cable elevators with integrated load measuring equipment, in which the weight of the load carrying means and the useful load being carried causes a load-proportional deformation of at least one resilient element, wherein at least one sensor detects this deformation and generates, at an elevator control, a signal representing the amount of the deformation and thus the load.

[0002] Load measuring equipment for load carrying means of elevators has the task of preventing elevator travel with an impermissibly high load and of delivering, to the elevator control, data which enables the control to react, independently of the instantaneous load state of the load carrying means, in suitable manner to call commands by elevator users.

[0003] The European patent document EP 0 151 949 shows load measuring equipment for an elevator which is based on the principle that the entire elevator car is supported on at least four bending girders projecting from an elevator car base frame in such a manner that these bending girders experience a load-proportional bending deflection. The bending deflection of each individual bending girder is detected by means of strain gauges. All strain gauges form in common a measurement bridge that delivers a load-proportional analog signal to the elevator control.

[0004] The above-described prior art load measuring equipment has some disadvantages. The measuring principle requires four bending girders each equipped with a respective strain gauge or two respective strain gauges, wherein the mechanical tolerances of the bending girders as well as the resistance tolerances and mounting tolerances of the strain gauges have to be closely limited in such a manner that all four bending sensors have the same resistance values for the same loads. All four or eight strain gauges have to be individually connected with a central evaluating circuit, which occasions substantial cost. Moreover, the four force introduction points between the base of the elevator car and the bending girders have to be adjusted in vertical direction when being mounted so that an acceptable force distribution is ensured.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0005] The present invention concerns a load carrying means for cable elevators including: a support construction adapted to be attached to an underside of a base frame or a carrier frame for an elevator car; a pair of cable rollers positioned below the support construction; a resilient element attaching at least one of the cable rollers to the support construction whereby when the support construction is attached to the underside of the elevator car and the cable rollers are engaged by a support cable supporting the elevator car, the resilient element is deformed by load-dependent cable forces acting on the resilient element through the at least one cable roller; and a sensor means for detecting the deformation of the resilient element. The load carrying means also can include a resilient isolating means attached to the support construction and adapted to be attached to the base frame or the carrier frame.

[0006] The present invention is based on the object of creating simple and economic load measuring equipment for loading carrying means of elevators with underslung cable drive, which does not have the above-mentioned disadvantages.

[0007] The load carrying means according to the present invention for cable elevators with integrated load measuring equipment has significant advantages. The detection of the total weight of the load carrying means and thus also the useful load is carried out by means of a single sensor, wherein even eccentrically disposed useful loads are correctly detected by this. Thus, costs for further sensors, for the wiring thereof and for the complicated signal evaluation thereof are saved. The resilient element, the deformation of which—caused by the weight of the load carrying means—is detected by the sensor, is part of the support construction by which the cable rollers are fastened to the load carrying means. Consequently, substantially no additional mechanical constructional elements and no additional insulation space are needed for the load measuring equipment.

[0008] The resilient element, the load-dependent deformation of which is detected by a sensor, can be conceived for different forms of loading, i.e. it can be designed as, for example, a bending girder, a tension/compression rod, a torsion rod or, for attainment of greater deformation travels, a compression, tension or torsion spring. Thus, load measuring equipment optimally adapted to different forms of load carrying means can be constructed.

[0009] Advantageous and economic embodiments of the load carrying means according to the present invention with integrated loading measuring equipment can be achieved through use of sensor principles adapted to geometric relationships, environmental influences and, in particular, demands on accuracy. The invention permits use of the most diverse sensors for deformation detection, such as, for example, strain gauges, vibrating string sensors, opto-electrical distance or angle sensors and inductively or capacitively functioning distance sensors.

[0010] Depending upon the form of the load carrying means it can be advantageous to allow the two cable rollers mounted below the load carrying means to act directly on a common resilient element. The advantages can be a symmetrical, simple execution of the support construction between the cable rollers and the load carrying means for improved deformation measurement possibilities.

[0011] In the case of restrictive geometric relationships in the vicinity of the underlying cable rollers, or in the case of selection of specific forms of sensor, it can be advantageous to allow only one of the two cable rollers to act on a resilient element. The support constructions for the two cable rollers can in that case be executed as separate and differently formed units and no mechanical connections between these units are required. Such embodiments are made possible by the fact that in the case of the underslung arrangement, in accordance with the present invention, of the support cables both cable rollers always experience the same loading.

[0012] Load carrying means for greater loads are usually equipped with a carrier frame. In the case of such embodiments it is generally of advantage to fasten the support construction or constructions, which contains or contain the resilient element and which supports or support the cable rollers, to this carrier frame.

[0013] In the case of load carrier means for smaller useful loads, these can be executed as a self-supporting unit. The support construction or constructions carrying the cable rollers and containing the resilient element is or are in that case in an advantageous manner fastened directly to the base construction of the load carrying means.

[0014] In order to reduce the transmission of vibrations and sound waves from the support cables to the load carrying means it is advantageous to arrange isolating elements between the load carrying means and the support construction or constructions for the cable rollers.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The above, as well as other advantages of the present invention, will become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment when considered in the light of the accompanying drawings in which:

[0016] FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a load carrying means installation without a carrier frame and with a first embodiment of an integrated load measuring equipment according to the present invention;

[0017] FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a load carrying means installation without a carrier frame and with a second embodiment of an integrated load measuring equipment according to the present invention; and

[0018] FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a load carrying means installation without a carrier frame and with a third embodiment of an integrated load measuring equipment according to the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

[0019] A load carrying means 1 in accordance with the invention, without a carrier frame, is illustrated in FIG. 1 together with the elevator components most important for its function. Two vertically extending guide rails 2 are provided at which the load carrying means is vertically guided by means of slide or roller guide shoes 3. This load carrying means 1 essentially consists of a base frame 4 with a base plate 5, a car 6 installed thereon, the slide or roller guide shoes 3 and two cable rollers 9 fastened to the base frame 4 by means of a support construction 7 by way of resilient isolating elements 8. While a carrier frame for the car 6 is not used in this first embodiment, the support construction 7 can be attached to a conventional carrier frame. The support construction 7 consists of a resilient element such as a bending girder 7.1 and two cable roller supports 7.2. Also shown in FIG. 1 is a support cable 10, which is led from a cable fixing point 11 above the top of the guide rails 2 vertically downwardly engaging one of the cable rollers 9, then horizontally below the cable rollers 9 engaging the other cable roller, and subsequently vertically upwardly to a drive pulley 12 of an elevator drive machine 13 mounted above the top of the guide rails 2. The further course of the support cable 10 from the drive pulley 12 downwardly to a deflecting pulley mounted at a counterweight and from there upwardly to a second cable fixing point is not illustrated here.

[0020] A vertical and a horizontal load-proportional cable tension force acts on each of the two cable rollers 9. Arrows 14 represent the cable roller loads acting on the cable rollers 9 and thus on the support construction 7 and resulting from the cable tension forces of the support cable 10. It is readily recognizable that these force resultants produce a bending moment in the bending girder 7.1 of the support construction 7 and thus a bending deflection. This bending deflection is detected by a bending sensor 15, for example a strain gauge sensor, which is not explained here in more detail and which produces, as an input for an elevator control, a signal corresponding with the strength of the bending deflection and thus with the overall weight of the load carrying means 1.

[0021] A second embodiment of the loading carrying means according to the present invention with integrated load measuring equipment is illustrated in FIG. 2. The load carrying means 1 guided at the guide rails 2 by means of the slide or roller guide shoe 3, together with the base frame 4, the base plate 5 and the car 6, are similar to the like numbered components shown in FIG. 1. A support construction 7′ supporting the cable rollers 9 essentially consists of a fastening carrier 17, which is mounted at the base frame 4 by way of the resilient isolating elements 8, and two cable roller supports. The cable roller support, which is not illustrated and is positioned to the right, corresponds with the cable roller supports 7.2 according to FIG. 1. A cable roller support 18 at the left-hand side is pivotably fastened to the fastening carrier 17 by means of a bending element 19 and is supported relative to the carrier by way of a tension/compression rod pressure sensor 16. The pivot mounting of the cable roller support 18 could obviously also be achieved by a pivot axle. The cable roller load, represented by the arrow 14, resulting from the cable tension forces of the support cable 10 causes a load-proportional pressure force on the pressure sensor 16, which also forms the resilient element and which produces a signal, which corresponds with the total weight of the load carrying means 1, as an input for an elevator control. The pressure sensor 16 can be executed as, for example, a piezoelectric element, a capacitive sensor or a strain gauge element.

[0022] FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of the load carrying means according to the invention with integrated load measuring equipment. The load carrying means 1 guided at the guide rails 2 by means of the guide or roller guide shoe 3, together with the base frame 4, the base plate 5 and the car 6, are similar to the like numbered components shown in FIG. 1. A support construction 7″ supporting the cable rollers 9 essentially consists of a fastening support 17′, which is mounted at the base frame 4 by way of the resilient isolating elements 8, with a left-hand bearing support 20 and two cable roller supports. The cable roller support, which is arranged on the right and not illustrated here, corresponds with the cable roller supports 7.2 according to FIG. 1. A left-hand cable roller support 21, which is shown here and constructed as a pivot lever, is fastened to a resilient element such as a torsion rod 22 and rotatably mounted by way of this in the bearing support 20 connected with the fastening support 17′. An abutment 23 prevents overloads of the torsion rod 22. This abutment 23 is extended rearwardly beyond the bearing support 20 (into the plane of the drawing) and connected at its rearward end with the fastening support 17′ to be secure against relative rotation. The cable roller load, represented by the arrow 14, resulting from the cable tension forces of the support cable 10 produces, by way of the cable roller support 21 constructed as a pivot lever, a load-proportional torque which twists the torsion rod 22 and induces corresponding load-proportional torsional stresses therein. In the region where the torsion rod 22 is free, i.e. between the bearing support 20 and its rearward fastening, the torsion rod is equipped at its surface with a torsional stress sensor in the form of strain gauges, with the help of which the torsional stresses and thus the torque are detected and a signal corresponding with the total weight of the load carrying means 1 is produced as an input for an elevator control.

[0023] Obviously usual commercial torque measuring apparatus based on different measurement principles can also be used as a torque sensor. For example, sensors such as a vibrating string sensor, a travel sensor, an opto-electrical distance or angle sensor, an inductive distance sensor or a capacitive distance sensor can be used. The resilient element (7.1, 16, 22) can also be a compression spring.

[0024] In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, the present invention has been described in what is considered to represent its preferred embodiment. However, it should be noted that the invention can be practiced otherwise than as specifically illustrated and described without departing from its spirit or scope.

Claims

1. A load carrying means for cable elevators with integrated load measuring equipment, in which the weight force of the load carrying means and a useful load causes a load-proportional deformation of at least one resilient element, wherein at least one sensor detects this deformation and produces, as an input for an elevator control, a signal representing the amount of the deformation and thus the load, comprising: a support construction adapted to be attached to an underside of an elevator car; a pair of cable rollers positioned below said support construction; and a resilient element attaching at least one of said cable rollers to said support construction whereby when said support construction is attached to the underside of the elevator car and said cable rollers are engaged by a support cable supporting the elevator car, said resilient element is deformed by load-dependent cable forces acting on said resilient element through said at least one cable roller.

2. The load carrying means according to claim 1 wherein said resilient element is one of a bending girder, a tension/compression rod, a torsion rod and a compression spring.

3. The load carrying means according to claim 1 wherein said resilient element includes a sensor means for detecting the deformation of said resilient element.

4. The load carrying means according to claim 1 where said sensor means is one of a strain gauge sensor, a piezoelectric pressure sensor, a capacitive pressure sensor, a torsional stress sensor, a vibrating string pressure sensor, a travel sensor, an opto-electrical distance or angle sensor, an inductive distance sensor and a capacitive distance sensor.

5. The load carrying means according to claim 1 wherein the load-dependent forces act on said resilient element through both of said cable rollers.

6. The load carrying means according to claim 1 wherein the load-dependent forces act on said resilient element only through said at least one cable roller.

7. The load carrying means according to claim 1 wherein said support construction is adapted to be fastened to a carrier frame for the elevator car.

8. The load carrying means according to claim 1 including a base frame for attachment to a bottom of the elevator car and wherein said support construction is attached to said base frame.

9. The load carrying means according to claim 1 including a resilient isolating means attached to said support construction and adapted to be attached to one of a base frame and a carrier frame for the elevator car.

10. A load carrying means for cable elevators comprising: a support construction adapted to be attached to an underside of a base frame for an elevator car; a pair of cable rollers positioned below said support construction; a resilient element attaching at least one of said cable rollers to said support construction whereby when said support construction is attached to the underside of the base frame for the elevator car and said cable rollers are engaged by a support cable supporting the base frame and the elevator car, said resilient element is deformed by load-dependent cable forces acting on said resilient element through said at least one cable roller; and a sensor means for detecting the deformation of said resilient element.

11. The load carrying means according to claim 10 including a resilient isolating means attached to said support construction and adapted to be attached to the base frame for the elevator car.

12. The load carrying means according to claim 10 wherein said resilient element is one of a bending girder, a tension/compression rod, a torsion rod and a compression spring.