Embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to memory devices. More specifically, embodiments of the present disclosure relate to cancelling coupling between local digit lines of the memory devices.
Generally, a computing system may include electronic devices that, in operation, communicate information via electrical signals. For example, a computing system may include a processor communicatively coupled to a memory device, such as a dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) device, a ferroelectric random-access memory (FeRAM) device, another random-access memory (RAM) device, and/or a hybrid device that incorporates more than one type of RAM. In this manner, the processor may communicate with the memory device, for example, to retrieve executable instructions, retrieve data to be processed, by the processor, and/or store data output from the processor. Memory devices may use global digit lines and fanned out local digit lines to enable memory accesses. The global digit lines may be selectively coupled to local digit lines corresponding to a target location. However, these global digit lines may capacitively couple to each other and the local digit lines may also capacitively couple together during operation to introduce noise on the data line.
Embodiments of the present disclosure may be directed to one or more of the problems set forth above.
One or more specific embodiments will be described below. In an effort to provide a concise description of these embodiments, not all features of an actual implementation are described in the specification. It should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be made to achieve the developers' specific goals, such as compliance with system-related and business-related constraints, which may vary from one implementation to another. Moreover, it should be appreciated that such a development effort might be complex and time consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, and manufacture for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure.
As previously noted, global digit lines may capacitively couple to each other and the local digit lines may also capacitively couple together during operation to introduce noise on the data line. As discussed below, part of the noise of the global digit lines may be at least partially offset using twisting the global digit lines and using a dummy selected local digit line. However, there may still be a negative impact on performance in the memory device due to the capacitive coupling between the local digit lines. To at least partially offset/cancel/compensate for such coupling, multiple local digit lines may be selected. For example, a dummy local digit line may be selected in each region between twists of the global digit line.
Turning now to the figures,
The memory device 10 may include a number of memory banks 12. The memory banks 12 may be DDR5 SDRAM memory banks, for instance. The memory banks 12 may be provided on one or more chips (e.g., SDRAM chips) that are arranged on dual inline memory modules (DIMMS). Each DIMM may include a number of SDRAM memory chips (e.g., x8 or x16 memory chips), as will be appreciated. Each SDRAM memory chip may include one or more memory banks 12. The memory device 10 represents a portion of a single memory chip (e.g., SDRAM chip) having a number of memory banks 12. Various other configurations, organization and sizes of the memory banks 12 on the memory device 10 may be utilized depending on the application and design of the overall system and the type of memory employed.
The memory device 10 may include a command interface 14 and an input/output (I/O) interface 16. The command interface 14 is configured to provide a number of signals (e.g., signals 15) from an external (e.g., host) device (not shown), such as a processor or controller. The processor or controller may provide various signals 15 to the memory device 10 to facilitate the transmission and receipt of data to be written to or read from the memory device 10.
As will be appreciated, the command interface 14 may include a number of circuits, such as a clock input circuit 18 and a command address input circuit 20, for instance, to ensure proper handling of the signals 15. The command interface 14 may receive one or more clock signals from an external device. Generally, double data rate (DDR) memory utilizes a differential pair of system clock signals, referred to herein as the true clock signal (Clk_t) and the complementary/bar clock signal (Clk_c). The positive clock edge for DDR refers to the point where the rising true clock signal Clk_t crosses the falling complementary clock signal Clk_c, while the negative clock edge indicates that transition of the falling true clock signal Clk_t and the rising of the complementary clock signal Clk_c. Commands (e.g., read command, write command, etc.) are typically entered on the positive edges of the clock signal and data is transmitted or received on both the positive and negative clock edges.
The clock input circuit 18 receives the true clock signal (Clk_t) and the complementary clock signal (Clk_c) and generates an internal clock signal CLK. The internal clock signal CLK is supplied to an internal clock generator, such as a delay locked loop (DLL) circuit 30. The DLL circuit 30 generates a phase controlled internal clock signal LCLK based on the received internal clock signal CLK. The phase controlled internal clock signal LCLK is supplied to the I/O interface 16, for instance, and is used as a timing signal for determining an output timing of read data. In some embodiments, as discussed below, the clock input circuit 18 may include circuitry that splits the clock signal into multiple (e.g., 4) phases. The clock input circuit 18 may also include phase detection circuitry to detect which phase receives a first pulse when sets of pulses occur too frequently to enable the clock input circuit 18 to reset between sets of pulses.
The internal clock signal(s)/phases CLK may also be provided to various other components within the memory device 10 and may be used to generate various additional internal clock signals. For instance, the internal clock signal CLK may be provided to a command decoder 32. The command decoder 32 may receive command signals from the command bus 34 and may decode the command signals to provide various internal commands. For instance, the command decoder 32 may provide command signals to the DLL circuit 30 over the bus 36 to coordinate generation of the phase controlled internal clock signal LCLK. The phase controlled internal clock signal LCLK may be used to clock data through the I/O interface 16, for instance.
Further, the command decoder 32 may decode commands, such as read commands, write commands, mode-register set commands, activate commands, etc., and provide access to a particular memory bank 12 corresponding to the command, via the bus path 40. As will be appreciated, the memory device 10 may include various other decoders, such as row decoders and column decoders, to facilitate access to the memory banks 12. In one embodiment, each memory bank 12 includes a bank control block 22 which provides the necessary decoding (e.g., row decoder and column decoder), as well as other features, such as timing control and data control, to facilitate the execution of commands and/or delivery of data to and from the memory banks 12.
The memory device 10 executes operations, such as read commands and write commands, based on the command/address signals received from an external device, such as a processor. In one embodiment, the command/address bus may be a 14-bit bus to accommodate the command/address signals (CA<13:0>). The command/address signals are clocked to the command interface 14 using the clock signals (Clk_t and Clk_c). The command interface may include a command address input circuit 20 which is configured to receive and transmit the commands to provide access to the memory banks 12, through the command decoder 32, for instance. In addition, the command interface 14 may receive a chip select signal (CS_n). The CS_n signal enables the memory device 10 to process commands on the incoming CA<13:0> bus. Access to specific banks 12 within the memory device 10 is encoded on the CA<13:0> bus with the commands.
In addition, the command interface 14 may be configured to receive a number of other command signals. For instance, a command/address on die termination (CA_ODT) signal may be provided to facilitate proper impedance matching within the memory device 10. A reset command (RESET_n) may be used to reset the command interface 14, status registers, state machines and the like, during power-up for instance. The command interface 14 may also receive a command/address invert (CAI) signal which may be provided to invert the state of command/address signals CA<13:0> on the command/address bus, for instance, depending on the command/address routing for the particular memory device 10. A mirror (MIR) signal may also be provided to facilitate a mirror function. The MIR signal may be used to multiplex signals so that they can be swapped for enabling certain routing of signals to the memory device 10, based on the configuration of multiple memory devices in a particular application. Various signals to facilitate testing of the memory device 10, such as the test enable (TEN) signal, may be provided, as well. For instance, the TEN signal may be used to place the memory device 10 into a test mode for connectivity testing.
The command interface 14 may also be used to provide an alert signal (ALERT_n) to the system processor or controller for certain errors that may be detected. For instance, an alert signal (ALERT_n) may be transmitted from the memory device 10 if a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) error is detected. Other alert signals may also be generated. Further, the bus and pin for transmitting the alert signal (ALERT_n) from the memory device 10 may be used as an input pin during certain operations, such as the connectivity test mode executed using the TEN signal, as described above.
Data may be sent to and from the memory device 10, utilizing the command and clocking signals discussed above, by transmitting and receiving data signals 44 through the I/O interface 16. More specifically, the data may be sent to or retrieved from the memory banks 12 over the data path 46. Data I/O signals, generally referred to as DQ signals, are generally transmitted and received in one or more bi-directional data buses. For certain memory devices, the I/O signals may be divided into upper and lower bytes. For instance, for a x16 memory device, the I/O signals may be divided into upper and lower I/O signals (e.g., DQ<15:8> and DQ<7:0>) corresponding to upper and lower bytes of the data signals, for instance. In some embodiments, the data path 46 may include routing circuitry (RC) 48 that may include lines for transmitting data to and from memory cells of the memory banks 12. The routing circuitry 48 may be controlled by controller circuitry that is not individually illustrated as it may be implemented using the command interface 14, the IO interface 16, the command decoder 32, the bank control 22, and/or other suitable circuitry.
To allow for higher data rates within the memory device 10, certain memory devices may utilize data strobe signals, generally referred to as DQS signals. The DQS signals are driven by the external processor or controller sending the data (e.g., for a write command) or by the memory device 10 (e.g., for a read command). For read commands, the DQS signals are effectively additional data output (DQ) signals with a predetermined pattern. For write commands, the DQS signals are used as clock signals to capture the corresponding input data. As with the clock signals (Clk_t and Clk_c), the DQS signals may be provided as a differential pair of data strobe signals (DQS_t and DQS_c) to provide differential pair signaling during reads and writes. For certain SDRAM memory devices, the differential pairs of DQS signals may be divided into upper and lower data strobe signals (e.g., UDQS_t and UDQS_c; LDQS_t and LDQS_c) corresponding to upper and lower bytes of data sent to and from the memory device 10, for instance.
An impedance (ZQ) calibration signal may also be provided to the memory device 10 through the I/O interface 16. The ZQ calibration signal may be provided to a reference pin and used to tune output drivers and ODT values by adjusting pull-up and pull-down resistors of the memory device 10 across changes in process, voltage and temperature (PVT) values. Because PVT characteristics may impact the ZQ resistor values, the ZQ calibration signal may be provided to the ZQ reference pin to be used to adjust the resistance to calibrate the input impedance to known values. As will be appreciated, a precision resistor is generally coupled between the ZQ pin on the memory device 10 and GND/VSS external to the memory device 10. This resistor acts as a reference for adjusting internal ODT and drive strength of the I/O pins.
In addition, a loopback data signal (LBDQ) and loopback strobe signal (LBDQS) may be provided to the memory device 10 through the I/O interface 16. The loopback data signal and the loopback strobe signal may be used during a test or debugging phase to set the memory device 10 into a mode wherein signals are looped back through the memory device 10 through the same pin. For instance, the loopback signal may be used to set the memory device 10 to test the data output (DQ) of the memory device 10. Loopback may include both LBDQ and LBDQS or possibly just a data pin. This is generally intended to be used to monitor the data captured by the memory device 10 at the I/O interface 16. LBDQ may be indicative of a target memory device, such as memory device 10, data operation and, thus, may be analyzed to monitor (e.g., debug and/or perform diagnostics on) data operation of the target memory device. Additionally, LBDQS may be indicative of a target memory device, such as memory device 10, strobe operation (e.g., clocking of data operation) and, thus, may be analyzed to monitor (e.g., debug and/or perform diagnostics on) strobe operation of the target memory device. Although loopback pins are illustrated in the embodiment (e.g., DDR5) memory device 10 of
As will be appreciated, various other components such as power supply circuits (for receiving external VDD and VSS signals), mode registers (to define various modes of programmable operations and configurations), read/write amplifiers (to amplify signals during read/write operations), temperature sensors (for sensing temperatures of the memory device 10), etc., may also be incorporated into the memory device 10. Accordingly, it should be understood that the block diagram of
The illustrated routing circuitry 48 have the GDLs 50 and the GDL-bars 52 arranged using a vertical GDL twist scheme where each pair (e.g., respective GDL 50 and GDL-bar 52 pair) are oriented vertically with either the respective GDL 50 or the respective GDL-bar 52 vertically above the other. In the vertical twist scheme, which digit line that is on top changes in different regions or quarters between twists of the GDLs 50 or the GDL-bars 52. For example, the right-most line in the
The LDLs 54 may be coupled to the GDLs 50 or GDL-bars 52 by selective respective DLmuxs 56. For example, a wordline (WL) 66 may be selected along with the corresponding selected DLmuxes 68. Since the GDLs 50 and the GDL-bars 52 are arranged vertically, the adjacent lines (e.g., bottom lines) may still capacitively couple with each other. For instance, capacitors C10, C11, and C12 may be the capacitive coupling between victim nodes V2 (between GDL-bars 52A and 52C and respective LDLs 54) that are being pulled upward or downward by aggressor nodes A2 (between GDLs 50B and 50D and respective LDLs 54). To counteract some noise on the digit lines, dummy selected LDLs 70 may also be selected by selecting/connecting them to the respective GDL 50 or respective GDL-bar 52 even though they are not being used to access memory cells at the time. The selection of these dummy selected LDLs 70 may also cause capacitive coupling (e.g., C4, C5, and C6) between victim nodes V1 (between GDL-bars 52B and 52D and respective LDLs 54) that are being pulled upward or downward by aggressor nodes A2 (between GDLs 50A and 50C and respective LDLs 54). Since each GDL 50 and GDL-bar 52 in each pair are both pulled in the same direction, the twisted pair scheme is able to cancel noise between the GDLs 50 and GDL-bars 52. This is at least partially due to the same matched total digit line capacitance for the GDLs 50 and GDL-bars 52 due to the selection of the dummy selected LDLs 70. However, the coupling between LDLs 54 may still be problematic. For example, if V1s are going low while A1s are going high, A1s couple V1s high hurting the signal. In addition, the selected DLmuxes 68 near the selected WL 66 push a high-going LDL low. Both impact the signal on the victim GDLs 50. As another example, A2s couple to V2s through pushing a low-going signal high, while its reference, is being pulled low by C5 and C6.
Thus, to address the capacitive coupling of the LDLs 54, LDLs 54 may be selected in each region. For instance,
As illustrated, the dummy selected LDLs 70, 72, and 74 may be selected while selected LDLs 78 are being actively used to access memory cells. However, the switching of multiple DLmuxes 56 may consume power. One way to reduce power consumption due to DLmux 56 switching is to leave the dummy selected LDLs 70, 72, and 74 selected during idle modes as illustrated in an embodiment of the routing circuitry 48 shown in
When the routing circuitry 48 is to go into an active mode after the idle mode, only the region to be used is switched. For instance,
While the present disclosure may be susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments have been shown by way of example in the drawings and have been described in detail herein. However, it should be understood that the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the particular forms disclosed. Rather, the present disclosure is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the following appended claims.
The techniques presented and claimed herein are referenced and applied to material objects and concrete examples of a practical nature that demonstrably improve the present technical field and, as such, are not abstract, intangible or purely theoretical. Further, if any claims appended to the end of this specification contain one or more elements designated as “means for [perform]ing [a function] . . . ” or “step for [perform]ing [a function] . . . ”, it is intended that such elements are to be interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f). However, for any claims containing elements designated in any other manner, it is intended that such elements are not to be interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f).
This application claims priority to U.S. Application No. 63/386,590, filed Dec. 8, 2022, entitled “LOCAL DIGIT LINE (LDL) COUPLING CANCELLATION,” the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety for all purposes.
Number | Date | Country | |
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63386590 | Dec 2022 | US |