Patent Application
20070133778
The present disclosure relates generally to telecommunication methods, and more particularly, relates to a cross connect methods for enabling local number portability in an intelligent switched telecommunications network.
Local Number Portability (LNP) allows telephone service subscribers to retain their same directory number, at the same location, when a subscriber changes from one local telephone service provider to another. Telephone number portability was mandated by the Telecommunications Act of 1996.
Telephone calls are routed from a calling subscriber to a called subscriber through the public switched telephone network. A central office switch is used for connecting the subscriber telephone lines. Subscribers connected to a common switch, or End Office (EO) are assigned a unique directory number, commonly referred to as a telephone number. The format of the directory number is NXX-XXXX, where “N” refers to any digit except zero or one and “X” refers to any one of 10 digits. Directory numbers are assigned in blocks of ten thousand to each Local Exchange Carrier (LEC). The first three digits of the directory number are referred to as the exchange code. Each exchange code corresponds to a particular switch or EO. The last four digits of a directory number are referred to as the subscriber's line code. The United States is also divided into “area codes,” more technically referred as Numbering Plan Area (NPA) codes. Thus, each telephone subscriber is associated with a unique 10 digit directory number comprising the three digit NPA code, the three digit exchange code (NXX) plus a four digit line number (XXXX).
The area code and exchange code prefix is used to route the call to the serving End Office. At the End Office, the local switch routes the call to the subscriber's line, which is designated by the last four digits of the directory number. Thus, when a calling party places a telephone call, the first six digits of the dial directory number uniquely identify the terminating switch for the telephone call. The originating switch relies on this relationship to determine the most efficient routing path from the originating switch to the terminating switch at the End Office. Specifically, each switch typically includes a database that cross-references the area code, exchange code prefixes (NPA-NXX) to the various switches. The originating switch then routes the telephone call to the correct terminating switch, which, in turn, further routes the telephone call to the correct subscriber telephone line.
With the passage of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, more than one local telephone service provider in the same geographic area may install and maintain the switching equipment required to provide local telephone service. Indeed, their respective switches can be located in the same building. Local telephone service subscribers can then change their telephone service providers by having the lines servicing their premises disconnected from their previous local telephone service provider and reconnected to their new local telephone service provider. This disconnection and reconnection is referred to as a “cutover,” and may take place at any point in the telephone line circuit to a subscriber's premises. For example, a subscriber line may be cutover at the terminal jack located at the subscriber's premises, at the local telephone service provider's distribution frame, or at any other point in the circuit. Local number portability requires that a subscriber and directory number be re-assigned from the switch associated with the present local telephone service provider to the switch associated with the new local telephone service provider. In a local number portability environment, therefore, the area code-exchange code portion of a directory number will not uniquely identify the switch servicing the line assigned to that directory number. Accordingly, additional telephone call routing procedures are required to allow an originating switch that initially receives a telephone call to determine the correct terminating switch. This is typically accomplished by a LNP database that cross-references individual portable directory numbers to the various switches.
Accordingly, in a LNP environment, originating stations throughout the public switched telephone network refer to their respective LNP databases to determine the terminating stations that service ported subscriber telephone lines. Whenever a subscriber changes local telephone service providers but wishes to maintain the same directory number, all of the LNP databases must be programmed with the porting subscriber directory number and an identification code for the new terminating switch. Until the porting subscriber line is physically cutover from the original terminating switch to the new terminating switch, telephone calls directed to the subscriber directory number must be routed to the prior telephone service provider's terminating switch. After the subscriber line has been cutover, however, telephone calls directed to the subscriber's directory number must be routed to the new telephone service provider's terminating switch. Timing problems, therefore, arise because the physical cutover of the subscriber line occurs at a particular time instant. The various LNP databases, on the other hand, cannot be reprogrammed at the same instant. Thus, subscribers may experience interruptions in phone service until the LNP databases can be updated to reflect the relationship between the subscriber's directory number and the new telephone service provider's terminating switch. In addition, coordinating the physical cutover and database updating imposes scheduling demands upon service provider personnel. Thus, there exists a need for an improved system and method for enabling local number portability.
For a more complete understanding of this invention reference should now be had to the embodiments illustrated in greater detail in the accompanying figures and described below by way of examples of the invention wherein:
Referring now to
Referring now to
The LNPCCS 30 also includes a switch 44 connecting the ODT port 32 and PDT port 34 to the MDF port 36, and a controller 40 in operative communication with the switch 44, ODT port 32, PDT port 34 and MDF port 36. The switch is connected to the ports such that the ODT path is normally closed and the PDT path is normally open. In other words, the default switch connection is a closed loop from the ODT port 32 to the MDF port 36 and an open loop between the PDT port 34 and the MDF port 36. The switch 44 may be a double-pole, double-throw relay-type switch such as is available from NEC Corp. as model ED2-5T. Light emitting diodes (LEDs) 46, 48 indicate the state of the switch. The controller 40 includes a processor 42 and associated memory 43. An example of a suitable controller is model PIC16C505 available from Microchip Corp. The controller 40 and “Arm” LED 46 are line powered from the ODT side before the trigger signal is received by the controller. After receipt of the trigger signal, the “Trip” LED 48 and controller 40 are line powered from the PDT side of the device.
The “Arm” LED 46 is active when the ODT port 32 and MDF port 36 are wired and the switch 44 is ready to receive the trigger signal. The trigger signal may be a Mechanized Loop Testing (MLT) tracking tone, which can be received from either the ODT port 32 or the PDT port 34. When the trigger signal is received, the “Trip” LED 48 is activated to alert an operator of the state of the switch.
A power supply 50 is also included to provide alternative power to the switch 44 and controller 40. Power may be supplied to the ODT side of the device until the switch is activated and the unit is later removed from the MDF. A manual override in the form a reset switch 52 is also provided to “build back” or re-establish the original connection from the ODT port 32 to the MDF port 36 after the switch 44 has been activated. In such cases, the power supply 50 drives the switch 44 to close the ODT path and open the PDT path to the MDF.
Referring now to
In step 304, the central office technician wires the LNPCCS “in line” to the existing telephone service. This is accomplished by wiring in the jumper from the original office equipment to the originating dial tone (ODT) port on the LNPCCS device, and the jumper from the main distribution frame (MDF) port to the vertical frame or MDF, thereby completing the original circuit path. These connections are made by inserting the “tip” and “ring” wire pair into the respective ODT and MDF tip and ring ports on the LNPCCS device. This process is also repeated for the tip and ring wire pair for the ported dial tone (PDT) port to the CLEC's switching equipment.
In step 306, the central office technician validates that the LNPCCS device is in the “armed” position, which is indicated by the red light emitting diode (LED). When the armed LED is active, it indicates to the technician that the LNPCCS has been properly connected in line with the customer's original circuit path. The central office technician can then notify the local operating center that the switch has been deployed such as in step 308.
Once the LNPCCS is armed and ready, the local operating center activates the device remotely on the service order due date, in step 310. The activation process begins in step 312 by testing for the presence of a predetermined resistance on the ODT side when the switch is in the ODT state. The line may be tested for an 18 kOhm short from ODT side. At this time, the processor and the ODT LED are line powered from the ODT side of the circuit before the activation tone is received. In step 314, a check is made as to whether the termination value has been validated. Specifically, the tip to ring resistance of the ODT port when the switch is in the. ODT to MDF state is tested to detect a predetermined resistance value, which, in this example, is 18 kOhm. If not, in step 316, the central office is contacted and the request made to check the integrity of the connection or manually cutover the service migration request.
If the line has been validated, in step 318, the device is switched by signaling a predetermined tone from either the ODT or PDT side of the device to trip the LNPCCS from the armed position to the “tripped” position. The signaling tone may be a Mechanized Loop Testing (MLT) tracking tone of approximately 10-second duration transmitted on the ODT side of the device. The MLT tone may be a 577.5 Hz signal of 3.25 V amplitude that is pulsed on for 100 ms and off for 100 ms for a pulse train duration of at least two seconds. The signal is delivered between the tip and ring connections. This signaling tone is desirable because it is a standardized signal available to all telephone service providers, yet is unique enough that a device is unlikely to be accidentally or prematurely tripped by normal data or voice traffic over the original subscriber loop. After reception of the signaling tone, the green tripped LED is powered from the PDT side of the device. In addition, subsequent triggering tones can be used to toggle the state of the switch.
To ensure the device has been properly activated, in step 320, the original service is re-tested to validate that the termination value has changed by a predetermined amount. The tip to ring termination value has changed from 18 kOhms to 17.5 kOhms on the ODT port when the switch is in the PDT to MDF state. If the termination value has not changed, as indicated in step 322, the central office is again contacted in step 324 to troubleshoot these device connections. Otherwise, in step 326, the local operating center completes the service order request by modifying the CLEC database records to indicate the CLEC's terminating switch for the associated customer's directory number.
As shown in step 328, the LNPCCS device is removed from the circuits after a predetermined period of time and the circuit change is hard-wired without disrupting service, such that the LNPCCS unit is now available for reuse with other service order requests.
Referring now to
In step 404, unless the Reset button on the device is activated, or a tone received, the controller remains in the sleep mode. Otherwise, in step 406, if the Reset button is activated for a predetermined period of time, the switch is activated to toggle the port (either ODT or PDT) connected to the MDF as shown in step 408.
If a tone is detected in step 404, steps 410 through 426 determine if the tone is the desired signaling tone. In this example, the desired signaling tone is an MLT tone consisting of a 577.5 Hz audio tone with a 5 Hz cadence. Accordingly, in steps 410 and 414, the “on” portion of the desired pulse train is detected and validated. Similarly, in steps 416 through 422, the “off” portion of the desired pulse train is detected and validated. The validity of the overall signal is assured in steps 424 and 426 by repeated detection of the predetermined signal for a threshold number of cycles. If the signal has been validated, the logic continues to step 428 where the switch is toggled to change the port (ODT or PDT) connected to the MDF. The devices then pauses for a predetermined period of time, during which time, the device power can be changed from the ODT side to the PDT side, for example.
While the invention has been described in connection with one or more embodiments, it is to be understood that the specific mechanisms and techniques which have been described are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, numerous modifications may be made to the methods and apparatus described without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended. claims.
The present application is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/777,392 entitled “Local Number Portability Cross Connect Switch Network”, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/656,670 filed Sep. 7, 2000, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,711,251, both of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 10777392 | Feb 2004 | US |
| Child | 11704456 | Feb 2007 | US |
| Parent | 09656670 | Sep 2000 | US |
| Child | 10777392 | Feb 2004 | US |
