Patent Grant
9285228
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to electronic vehicle navigation systems.
2. Description of the Related Art
Navigation systems are provided in vehicles, such as automobiles, for providing assistance to occupants of the vehicles in finding their way to their destinations. The navigation system typically includes a global positioning system (GPS) that tracks the changing locations of the vehicle on the surface of the earth in real time. The navigation system also stores extensive map data that enables the navigation system to track the changing street locations of the vehicle based upon the GPS data. A video screen may display the mapping of streets in the vicinity of the vehicle, as well as the current location of the vehicle on the grid of interconnected roadways.
One difficulty associated with the above-described navigation systems is that the level of complexity of the display and interfaces is daunting for the casual user, and hence the navigation system may be especially difficult for a user to operate while driving. Also, the density of the visual information provided on the video screen, including a mapping of surrounding roads, may make comprehension difficult for a driver whose attention is primarily directed to the task of driving safely.
Another difficulty is that the world-wide map information requires a large amount of memory capacity to store, as well as considerable processing capability to display. These memory and processing requirements, together with the complexity of the user interfaces, result in a system that is too costly for many vehicle purchasers. The cost is further increased due to the road map data being proprietary information that the vehicle manufacturer must license from the owner of the information.
What is needed in the art is a vehicle navigation system that is less expensive and easier for a user to operate and comprehend.
The present invention is directed to an easy-to-use vehicle navigation system that provides the user with intuitive navigation information without reliance on road map data.
The invention comprises, in one embodiment thereof, a navigation system for an automotive vehicle that travels on roads. The navigation system includes a vehicle positioning apparatus that determines location data associated with the vehicle. A source of attraction location data provides location data associated with a plurality of attractions that are of interest to a user of the vehicle. A processing device is communicatively coupled to the vehicle positioning apparatus and to the source of attraction location data. The processing device calculates a distance and direction from the vehicle to at least one of the attractions of interest. The calculating is based upon the location data associated with the vehicle and the location data associated with the attractions of interest. A graphical display arrangement is communicatively coupled to the processing device. The graphical display arrangement indicates the calculated distance and direction without graphically indicating orientation of roads on which the vehicle may travel.
The invention comprises, in another embodiment thereof, a method of providing navigation information within an automotive vehicle that travels on roads. A location that is of interest to an occupant of the vehicle is identified, and a location of the vehicle is determined. The occupant is provided with an indication of distance and direction from the vehicle to the location of interest without providing the occupant with a graphical indication of orientation of roads on which the vehicle may travel.
The invention comprises, in yet another embodiment thereof, a method of providing navigation information within an automotive vehicle, including selecting a plurality of attractions that are of interest to an occupant of the vehicle. Location data associated with the attractions of interest is loaded into the vehicle. A category of the attractions of interest is chosen, and a location of the vehicle is determined. The occupant is provided with a graphical indication of distance and direction from the vehicle to a plurality of attractions within the chosen category of the attractions of interest. The graphical indication is devoid of road locations.
The invention comprises, in still another embodiment thereof, a method of providing navigation information within a vehicle, including selecting a plurality of attractions that are of interest to an occupant of the vehicle. Location data associated with the attractions of interest is loaded into the vehicle. A category of the attractions of interest is chosen, and a location of the vehicle is determined. Within the chosen category, a group of attractions of interest that are closest to the vehicle are identified. The occupant is provided with an indication of distance from the vehicle to each of the attractions of interest within the group of attractions of interest that are closest to the vehicle.
An advantage of the present invention is that there is no need for road mapping information.
Another advantage is that the navigation information is presented in a format that is easier to understand than the formats of conventional navigation systems.
Yet another advantage is that the navigation system is less expensive than conventional navigation systems.
A further advantage is that the navigation system is easier to operate than conventional navigation systems.
The above-mentioned and other features and advantages of the invention will become more apparent to one with skill in the art upon examination of the following figures and detailed description. The components in the figures are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the invention. Moreover, in the figures, like reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the different views.
Referring to
Satellite 34, GPS 14, speed sensor 16 and wheel sensor 18 may together form a vehicle positioning apparatus that determines location data associated with vehicle 12. GPS 14 and satellite 34 may cooperate to continually pinpoint the exact location of vehicle 12 on the surface of earth, expressed in latitude and longitude, as is well known conventionally. The change in the vehicle location over time, as determined by GPS 14 and satellite 34, provides some indication of the direction in which vehicle 12 is heading, i.e., the heading direction. However, GPS 14 and satellite 34 may not be sufficient to accurately ascertain the heading direction of vehicle 12 when vehicle 12 has recently made a turn. Thus, in order to more accurately determine the heading direction, wheel sensor 18 may provide the direction in which the wheels, e.g., front wheels, of vehicle 12 are turned, and speed sensor 16 may provide the speed of vehicle 12 while vehicle 12 is turning in the directions determined by the positions of the wheels. By analyzing the signals from speed sensor 16 in conjunction with the signals from wheel sensor 18, processor 20 may determine the change in heading direction as compared to the more generalized heading direction provided by satellite 34 and GPS 14. It is also possible, in another embodiment, for the heading direction of the vehicle to be at least partially determined by use of a compass on-board vehicle 12.
Processor 20 may include an electronic memory device 46 that stores location data, e.g., latitudes and longitudes, for each of a list of attractions that the occupants of vehicle 12 may potentially want to drive to, or at least be aware of. Attractions may include restaurants, hotels, historical landmarks, parks, parking lots, service stations, hospitals, stores, the homes of friends and family, etc. Identifying information for the attractions, which may include names, street addresses, web addresses, and telephone numbers, may also be stored in memory device 46 in association with the location data. The attraction location data may originate in central navigation database 42, and may be transferred to memory device 46 by any of various routes. In one embodiment, the attraction location data is transferred from database 42 to memory device 46 via satellite 36, antenna 48 and communications link 22. Head unit 32 may include dials, knobs and/or pushbuttons (not shown) that enable a user to pick and choose attractions, or categories of attractions, whose location data is to be stored in memory device 46.
In another embodiment, the attraction location data is transferred from database 42 to memory device 46 via internet 44, PC 40, antenna 50, antenna 48 and communications link 22. More particularly, a user may use PC 40 to download from database 42 location data associated with various attractions, or categories of attractions, in which the user may be interested. The user may also use PC 40 and/or Internet 44 to enter known street addresses of interest and convert the addresses into location data of interest that may be used in relation with the vehicle location data as determined by the vehicle positioning apparatus. PC 40 may be disposed inside a building (not shown) adjacent to which vehicle 12 is parked. The attraction location data may then be transmitted from antenna 50 to antenna 48 via air-borne signals, as indicated at 52.
In yet another embodiment, the attraction location data is transferred from PC 40 to memory device 46 via PC port 54, memory card 38 and port 26. Memory card 38 may be in the form of a secure digital memory card, commonly known as an “SD memory card”. In other embodiments, memory car 38 may be in the form of an SDIO (secure digital input/output) card, a USB flash drive, a compact flash card, or a memory stick, for example. Memory card 38 may be inserted into port 54 so that PC 40 may write the attraction location data onto memory card 38. Memory card 38 may then be inserted into port 26 such that the contents of card 38 may be read and copied into memory device 46.
As described above, memory device 46 may function as source of attraction location data, and may receive the attraction location data from either link 22 or port 26. Further, as attractions are built, move, or shut down, memory device 46 may receive updates of the attraction location data from a source external to vehicle 12. Such external sources may include satellite 36, PC 40 and/or memory card 38, for example.
Alternatively, attractions of interest to the user may be chosen automatically, perhaps in some objective fashion. For example, processor 20 may maintain in memory 46 a historical data record of the prior locations or attractions that vehicle 12 or a particular occupant has visited in the past. Processor 20 may then identify the attractions most frequently visited in the past as being attractions of interest.
It is also possible to determine attractions of interest based on not only the historical data of vehicle 12, but also on the aggregate historical data collected from a group of vehicles 12. For example, each vehicle 12 may transmit its historical location data to database 42 via PC 40 and Internet 44, via satellite 36, and/or via satellite 34. The attractions most frequently visited by vehicles 12 as a group may then be designated as attractions of interest to each individual vehicle 12, or to individual occupants of vehicle 12.
As described above, processor 20 is communicatively coupled to the vehicle positioning apparatus (including satellite 34, GPS 14, speed sensor 16 and wheel sensor 18) and to the source of attraction location data (including link 22 and port 26). Based upon the location data associated with vehicle 12 (as received from the vehicle positioning apparatus) and the location data associated with the attractions of interest (as received from the source of attraction location data), processor 20 may calculate a distance and direction from vehicle 12 to at least one of the attractions of interest.
Head unit 32 is shown in more detail in
Head unit 32 may include pushbuttons 58a-f that enable a user to select a category of attractions of interest for display on screen 56. For example, in the embodiment shown, pushbuttons 58a-f enable a user to select the categories of “Restaurant”, “Bars”, “Cafes”, “Friends”, “Shopping”, and “Gas”, respectively. Display screen 56 is shown in
Display screen 56 may include a text section 64 including textual identification information for attractions within the selected category, i.e., “Bars”, that are closest to vehicle 12. As shown, the identification information may include the name of the attraction, its street address, and its telephone number. It is also possible for the identification information to include a web address, i.e., domain name. The identification information may be listed in order of increasing distance of the attraction from vehicle 12, as is the case in
Directional arrows 66 may be provided adjacent to each set of identification information in order to indicate the direction of each attraction from vehicle 12, with a heading direction 68 of vehicle 12 being designated as the vertically upward direction by convention. A vehicle icon 70 in a graphical section 72 of screen 56 may be oriented such that it is facing in heading direction 68.
In another embodiment, the vertically upward direction on display 56 may be permanently designated as the cardinal direction of north. In this embodiment, the orientation of vehicle icon 70 on display 56 varies according to the heading direction of vehicle 12. For example, if the heading direction is south, then vehicle icon 70 is oriented such that it faces the vertically downward direction on screen 56.
Attraction icons 74, which in
Circles 78, or circle portions, i.e., arcs 80a, 80b, may be positioned concentrically with vehicle icon 70 to thereby give the viewer a reference as to how far away vehicle 12 is from each attraction represented by an icon 74. For example, a textual indication 82 is provided on screen 56 to indicate that all points on circle 78 are approximately one mile from vehicle 12. Similarly, a textual indication 84 is provided to indicate that all points on arcs 80a, 80b are about two miles from vehicle 12.
A zoom toggle switch 86 may be provided to enable the view to cause graphical section 72 to zoom in or out, i.e., change the scale of section 72. For example, pressing a “zoom-in” portion 88 of switch 86 may cause circle 78 and arcs 80 to get larger, and may cause attraction icons 74 and landmark icons 76 to move away from vehicle icon 70 correspondingly. Conversely, pressing a “zoom-out” portion 90 of switch 86 may cause circle 78 and arcs 80 to get smaller, and may cause attraction icons 74 and landmark icons 76 to move toward vehicle icon 70 correspondingly.
The scale of section 72 may also be dependent upon the speed of vehicle 12. More particularly, processor 20 may receive speed signals from speed sensor 16 and may change the scale of section 72 accordingly. For example, at slower speeds, section 72 may effectively “zoom-in”, e.g., circle 78 becomes larger, and at higher speeds section 72 may effectively “zoom-out”, e.g., circle 78 becomes smaller. This feature may be desirable because higher speeds may be indicative that the driver is not likely to stop at nearby attractions, and lower speeds may be indicative that the driver is more likely to stop at nearby attractions, i.e., the driver may be in heavy traffic around the attraction, may be looking for the attraction, or may be looking for a parking spot.
An advance pushbutton 92 may be provided to enable the user to select a particular attraction for highlighting. In the state shown in
In addition to, or instead of, the visual indications of distance and direction, the navigation system may provide audial indications of distance and direction between the vehicle and the attractions of interest. For example, the navigation system may audibly state “Jack's Bar is one-half mile to the right”. Additionally, or alternatively, the navigation system may state the direction in terms of the cardinal directions, such as by stating “Jack's Bar is one-half mile to the southwest.”
The audial indications may be played or broadcast on speaker 28, such as by a computer generated voice. Head unit 32 may include an ON/OFF pushbutton 94 that also includes a volume dial by which the user may control the volume of the audial indications. Display screen 56 may include a visual volume indicator 96 that provides the viewer with a visual indication of the volume level as controlled by the volume dial.
It is also possible, in a voice-activated system, for the user to select attractions, or categories of attractions, by using spoken words instead of pushbuttons 58, 92. The spoken words, or commands, may be received by microphone 30 and interpreted by processor 20. For example, the user may speak the name of a category, such as “Bars”, to thereby select that category. The user may then select an attraction within the category by speaking the name of the attraction, such as “Jack's Bar”. The navigation system may also recognize certain spoken commands for navigating through the hierarchy of attraction categories and individual attractions within the categories. For example, the user may say “next” in order to select the next attraction on the list. Or, the user may say “next category”.
Another embodiment of a head unit 132 suitable for use in a navigation system of the present invention is illustrated in
A first dial 133 may be used by an occupant to select the scope of the information and indications that are displayed on a display screen 156. In this embodiment, dial 133 has five positions, including world-wide 135, around town 137, within the vehicle 139, audio selections 141, and tuning details 143. In the state shown in
A second dial 145 may be used by an occupant to select a category of attractions from five categories listed in a category section 147 of display screen 156. The categories illustrated for the around town position 137 include “Help” (attractions around town that provide help), “Rstrnts” (restaurants around town), “Evnts” (events around town), “Gas/Srvc” (gas/service stations around town), and “Addr Bk” (address book of friends and family around town). In the state shown in
With the “Help” category selected, an attractions section 149 of display screen 156 may list attractions divided into sub-categories such as hospitals, dentists, attorneys, optometrists, etc. In the state shown in
A dial 151 may enable the user to scroll up and down along the listing of attractions. From the state shown in
When dial 133 is in the world-wide position 135, categories displayed in section 147 may include airports, cities, natural attractions, such as state or national parks, post offices that are currently open, etc. When dial 133 is in the vehicle position 139, categories displayed in section 147 may include HVAC features, settings for power seats and mirrors, suspension system settings, etc. When in the audio selections position 141, categories displayed in section 147 may include AM radio, FM radio, compact disc, and other media. When in the tuning details position 143, categories displayed in section 147 may include equalizer settings for various types of audio, such as jazz, classical, etc.
As is evident from the above description, when dial 133 is in the vehicle 139, audio selections 141, and or tuning details 143 positions, the choices listed in section 149 are not attractions that are disposed outside of the vehicle, but rather are settings within the vehicle. Thus, head unit 132 may serve not just the navigation system, but may also serve the audio system, HVAC system, and other systems within the vehicle. More generally, the controls and displays of the navigation system of the present invention may be shared with other devices in the vehicle, such as the radio or instrument panel.
The process of identifying locations or attractions of interest may include a user picking locations/attractions of interest from a list and programming them into the system. Such a list could later be revised or edited by the user as his needs or tastes change. The editing could be performed via a program on a PC, and possibly by use of removable media such as a memory card.
The process of identifying locations or attractions of interest may also include collecting empirical data regarding locations/attractions most visited. However, the identifying process could also involve a second party simply taking an educated guess as to what locations/attractions a vehicle occupant may typically be interested in. This second party may also maintain the central navigation database accordingly.
In another embodiment, the process of identifying locations or attractions of interest includes collecting evaluations of the locations/attractions submitted by occupants of the population of vehicles. These evaluations, which may include ratings and reviews, may be transmitted from each vehicle to the central navigation database via any of the mechanisms described above. Specifically, evaluation data may be entered by the user via a numeric keypad (not shown) and may be collected in memory device 46. The evaluation data may then be uploaded to database 42 via link 22, PC 40 and internet 44, via link 22 and satellite 36, or via port 26, memory card 38, port 54, PC 40 and internet 44, for example. Identification of locations that may be of interest to an occupant may be based upon a compilation of these evaluations.
Information about attractions of interest has been described above as including the distance and direction from the vehicle to the attractions. In another embodiment, the information includes additional content or additional levels of detail about the attractions, such as voice annotations, comments, addresses, contact information, images, or advertising, for example. A first group of additional content may include hours of operation, admission fees, price ranges, waiting times, etc. This first group of additional content may be of interest to a user in deciding whether to go to the attraction. A second group of such additional content may include parking directions, entrance locations, etc. This second group of additional content may be of interest to a user who has already decided to go to the attraction. Different groups of content may be provided depending upon a speed of the vehicle, an estimated time of arrival of the vehicle at the location of interest (or estimated time that will elapse before the vehicle arrives), and/or a distance from the vehicle to the location of interest.
Different levels of detail of the additional information may be provided dependent upon the speed of the vehicle, the estimated time of arrival of the vehicle at the location of interest, and/or a distance from the vehicle to the location of interest. For example, overall hours of operation of an amusement park may be provided when the vehicle is relatively far away, and specific hours of operation of individual portions of the park may be provided when the vehicle gets closer to the park.
The graphical and textual indications have been described herein as being provided on a head unit. However, in another embodiment they are provided on a windshield via a heads-up display.
While the present invention has been described with reference to specific exemplary embodiments, it will be evident that various modifications and changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the claims. Accordingly, the specification and drawings are to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense.
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