Patent Grant
9527706
This application is directed to a Locking Lift Arm Safety Mechanism for a Hydraulic Floor Jack. The safety mechanism is also adaptable to a power unit of a two-part jacking system, when the power unit is converted to function as a floor jack. An application has also been filed of even date directed to a Locking Lift Arm Safety Mechanism for a Lifting Device-Power Unit. The separate applications were filed to preclude delays related to elections of claims and divisional filings of the inventions, that would be required for multiple searches of separate prior art and separate examinations of the prior art related to the respective claims. The present inventor will produce a hydraulic floor jack having the safety mechanism, and produce a separate power unit for a two-part jacking system having the safety mechanism. The applications were filed on the same date by the same inventor and the respective claims are each directed to the specific invention.
The invention relates to a hydraulic floor jack. The inventor of the present invention is fully involved with lifting devices, particularly including a two-part system. The two part system is inherently safer to use than a conventional floor jack to elevate a vehicle and which then requires the user to crawl under the vehicle to place a conventional jack stand adjacent to the elevated conventional floor jack to support the load. The inventor of the present invention is a pioneer of the two part jacking system and holds numerous patents related to this technology.
Briefly, the two part jacking system consists of a mobile hydraulic power unit having a flat front base and extendable lift arms; and a separate mechanical jack stand that can be secured within the front base of the power unit. The jack stand is elevated by extending the lift arms of the power unit, and locked by an integral ratchet locking mechanism. An example of the two part jacking system describing the power unit is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 7,420,148 (see FIGS. 1 and 9); and an example of the jack stand is also shown and described (see FIGS. 2-8).
The present inventor developed a “bridge” lifting plate positioned to bridge between the forward ends of the lift arms and adapts the power unit to function as a hydraulic floor jack. This adaptation was employed when all of the jack stands were in use, to more fully utilize the power unit for an additional project as a floor jack.
The use of the bridge with the power unit acting as a floor jack is best utilized with a safety mechanism to lock the elevated lift arms in position, in the event of any decay of hydraulic pressure while elevated. The pursuit of such a safety device for the power unit has led the present inventor to this unique solution to a long felt need for an automatic locking lift arm safety mechanism for the hydraulic floor jack.
A search for related prior art disclosed several old and simple devices. U.S. Pat. No. 5,984,270 by Hussaini et al, discloses a conventional floor jack including lift arms and a frame with pairs of lateral apertures therein. When the jack is elevated, a pin is manually placed under the lift arms and in the apertures, to support the lift arms in the event of any loss of hydraulic pressure.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,221,073 by Shockley discloses a conventional floor jack including lift arms and a frame with a series of opposing pairs of lateral notches in the upper side flanges of the frame. As the lift arms are raised, a bar is manually positioned under the lift arms and into one of the pairs of notches, to support the lift arms in the event of any loss of hydraulic pressure.
U.S. Pat. No. 2,998,224 by Reisig discloses an air-operated floor jack including lift arms and a frame with an air cylinder. The air cylinder has a ram with teeth on the upper surface that is engaged by a pawl pivotally attached to the top of the air cylinder. The pawl locks the elevated lift arms, until a lever is manually pulled to release the pawl, and the lift arms can then be lowered.
The prior art devices do not disclose or suggest a safety device for a hydraulic floor jack that automatically locks the lift arms in position when they are elevated; and which automatically un-locks lift arms when they are to be lowered.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a hydraulic floor jack having a safety mechanism that is reliable and durable that automatically locks the lift arms in position when they are elevated, and which is automatically releases with the control knob when the lift arms are to be lowered.
The foregoing object is accomplished by the hydraulic floor jack of the present invention. The hydraulic floor jack includes a rectangular frame having a forward end, a rearward end, a bottom, sides, and a pair of longitudinal side flanges extending upward from the sides of the frame and supporting a set of wheels. The rearward end has a tubular control handle pivotally attached and extending from the frame with a rotatable control knob at the upper end of the handle.
A pivotal lifting system is mounted on the frame including a pair of parallel lift arms having rearward ends interconnected by a lateral push bar and having forward ends interconnected by a rectangular lifting plate and rotatable upward for lifting a load. A pair of longitudinal U channel tracks are attached to the inner side flanges within the frame, and retain the ends of the lateral push bar. A hydraulic cylinder, actuated by pumping the control handle, has an extendable ram for pushing the lateral push bar forward along the tracks for raising the forward ends of the lift arms; and a releasable control valve for retracting the ram and the lateral push bar for lowering the forward ends of the lift arms.
The tubular handle encloses a control shaft extending from the control knob to the rearward end of the frame and includes a U-joint and coupling interconnecting the shaft to the control valve. The control knob is rotatable in the clockwise direction to close the control valve and is rotatable about 60°-90° in the counterclockwise direction to open the control valve.
The safety mechanism comprises a pair of parallel guide rails fixed to the bottom of the rearward end of the frame and extending longitudinally therefrom to a distance of about that of the fully extended push bar. .A pair of slidable rack bars each having forward ratcheting teeth and a forward end pivotally linked to the push bar for traversing along the guide rails as the push bar is advanced and retracted.
A pair of dogs are positioned and extended above the rack bars, each having a rearward end pivotally attached to the frame, and having a forward end with a downward lug for engaging a respective tooth of the rack bar, as the rack bar is advanced with the push bar. Whereby, in the event of any loss of hydraulic pressure, the rack bar is locked from rearward movement by the dog.
The mechanism further includes means for disengaging the forward lugs of the dogs from the rack bars when there is sufficient hydraulic pressure, and it is desired to lower the lift arms.
The preferred disengaging means includes a lateral cam tube rotatably attached to the side flanges of the frame and positioned above the forward ends of the dogs. The cam tube has a pair of lever arms extending downwardly and forwardly near the forward ends of the dogs. A pair of lifting links pivotally interconnects the distal ends of the lever arms of the cam tube to the forward ends of the dogs. The disengaging means further includes means for rotating the cam tube to raise the lever arms to disengage the forward ends of the dogs from the rack bars.
The preferred cam tube rotating means includes the control shaft coupling having a swing arm extending forwardly therefrom, with a swing arm pin extending perpendicularly and downwardly from the distal end thereof. A forward pivot pin is attached to the frame and extends generally vertically at a position forward of the lateral cam tube and near the longitudinal center of the frame.
A swing plate is positioned horizontally and adjacently below the cam tube, and has a forward end pivotally attached to the forward pivot pin; and has a slotted rearward end pivotally and slideably engaged around the swing arm pin. Whereby, as the control knob is rotated, the swing arm pin pivots the swing plate, and it traverses in a lateral arc along the underside of the cam tube.
The cam tube further has a generally V slotted opening in the cylindrical underside thereof; and the swing plate further has an upwardly extended cam follower stud positioned and slideably engaged within the V slotted opening. Whereby, as the control knob is rotated, the cam follower stud traverses within the V slotted opening to thereby rotate the cam tube to raise and lower the forward ends of the dogs to and from engagement with the rack bars, to respectively lock and un-lock the lift arms.
The V slotted opening in the cam tube preferably has a right side corresponding to the position of the cam follower stud when the control valve is in the fully closed position. The opening is then angled in a direction laterally inwardly (corresponding to the position of the stud with a rotation of the valve of about 30°) and longitudinally rearwardly (corresponding to a rotation of the cam tube sufficiently to elevate the forward ends of the dogs from engagement with the rack bars prior to any release of the valve) therefrom to an apex of the V slotted opening. Then, from the apex, generally in a lateral arc therefrom, whereby the cam tube retains the dogs in the elevated position while allowing the cam follower stud to traverse laterally as the knob is further rotated to release the valve, to the left side of the V slotted opening
The safety mechanism automatically locks the lift arms when they are raised, and automatically un-locks the lift arms with the control knob, just prior to opening the control valve to lower the lift arms.
While the novel features of the invention are set forth in the appended claims, the invention will be better understood along with other features thereof from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the drawings, in which:
Referring first to
The bottom 84 of the frame is substantially flat for providing a solid lifting platform, and the frame has a pair of wheels 85 at the forward end, and a pair of swivel wheels 88 at the rearward end for maneuvering the jack.
A hydraulic cylinder 89 having an extendable ram 90 at the forward end, and having a releasable control valve 91 at the rearward end, is attached along the longitudinal center near the rearward end of the bottom of the frame.
The frame has a pair of longitudinal side flanges 93 extending upward from the bottom 84, and has the forward pairs of wheels 85 attached to an axel, and has the rearward pair of wheels 88 attached to a bracket and swivel on the outer sides of the flanges. Each side flange has a rounded vertical nose 95 at the forward end and a smooth generally vertical blunted tail 96 at the rearward end. Each side flange is shown having a smooth upper contour extending upwardly from the rounded nose to about the height of the cylinder and safety mechanism, then downwardly mating with the blunted tail, providing an attractive appearance for the frame of the hydraulic floor jack.
Each flange further includes a “U” shaped retaining channel 97 facing inwardly and attached horizontally along the inner side of the middle portion of the flange. These retaining channels may alternatively be replaced with elongated slots in the side flanges.
The hydraulic floor jack 20 includes the pair of lift arms 68 that act in parallel and have forward ends 69, middle portions 100 and rearward ends 101. The lift arms are interconnected at the rearward ends by a lateral push bar 102, with the respective ends of the push bar slidably retained within the respective retaining channel 97 (within suitable bushings) of the frame flanges 93. The ends of the lateral push bar may alternatively be retained in bushings within longitudinal slotted openings in the flanges. The forward ends of the lift arms extend toward the forward end 81 of the frame.
The middle portion of the lift arms 68 include an upper cover plate 103 securely welded between the lift arms. The upper cover plate provides additional strength and stability to the lift arms, and protects some of the internal lifting components of the hydraulic floor jack 20.
A pair of connecting arms 104 act in parallel with the lift arms 68. The connecting arms have forward ends 106 and rearward ends 108, with the respective forward end pivotally connected (at 106) near the forward end of the respective flange 93 of the frame. The respective rearward end is pivotally connected (at 108) on the middle portion of the respective lift arm.
The hydraulic cylinder 89 has the ram 90 at the forward end attached to the center of the lateral push bar 102. When the ram is extended, the push bar and the rearward ends 101 of the lift arms 68 are translated forwardly along the retaining channels 97 in the flanges 93 of the frame. The forward ends 69 of the lift arms are thereby raised, in scissor-like fashion with the connecting arms 104.
The forward ends 69 of the lift arms 68 are interconnected by a rectangular lifting plate 22 pivotally mounted thereon (within suitable bushings) for lifting and supporting the load. The lifting plate includes a standard screw-out saddle 23 for adjusting the initial elevation of engagement of the plate relative to the load. The lifting plate further having a lever arm 116 extending downwardly from each side, for connecting to a leveling link. Each leveling link has a forward end 117 pivotally connected to the respective lever arm, and a rearward end pivotally connected to a point 118 on the respective connecting arm 104. so that as the forward ends 69 of the lift arms 68 are raised and lowered, the lifting plate is maintained in a substantially horizontal orientation.
The rearward end 83 of the frame includes the generally rectangular rear cover plate 98 having downwardly extended side flanges 99, and extends along and within the rearward portion of the contour of the side flanges 93 of the frame. The rear cover plate covers the hydraulic cylinder 89 and most of the safety mechanism. The rear cover plate provides some protection for the components and a clean appearance for the rear of the hydraulic floor jack.
The hydraulic floor jack 20 includes a tubular handle 124 at the rearward end of the frame having a T bar hand grip 130 with a rotatable control knob 132 at the proximal end, and a yoke 126 at the distal end pivotally attached to upper flanges of the rearward end of the frame. The handle is used for maneuvering the hydraulic floor jack about on its wheels 85, 88, and for pumping the handle to actuate the hydraulic cylinder 89.
The rotatable control knob 132 has a control shaft 134 (see
The hydraulic floor jack 20 further includes an optional pair of eyelets at the rearward end of the upper cover plate 103, and the rearward end of the frame (preferably at the rearward sides of the hydraulic cylinder) include another pair of eyelets, for connecting a pair of strong tension springs. The springs ensure that the lift arms are lowered when the control valve is released (and they are no longer forced downward by the load or their own weight). The springs are not shown so that the safety mechanism can be more clearly illustrated.
Conventional floor jacks have a history of accidents related to leaking seals and loss of hydraulic pressure that results in the untimely lowering of the lift arms and the elevated load. There has been a long felt need for a reliable durable locking lift arm safety mechanism for hydraulic floor jacks, as described in the present invention.
The Safety Mechanism
Referring also to
The safety mechanism includes a pair of slidable rack bars 172, each having a forward end pivotally attached through a link 174 to the push bar 102, for traversing along the guide rails 170 as the push bar is advanced and retracted. Each rack bar has a set of forward ratcheting teeth on the upper surface. The underside of each rack bar includes a longitudinal recess for engaging the guide rail. The guide rails can alternatively be in the form of channels guiding the outer sides of the rack bars, and are considered equivalent to the illustrated guide rails.
The safety mechanism includes a pair of dogs 176 positioned and extended above the rack bars 172. Each dog has a rearward end 178 pivotally attached to the frame, and has a forward end with a downward lug 180 for engaging a respective tooth of the rack bar, as the rack bar is advanced with the push bar 102. For sub-assembly purposes, the rearward ends of the dogs are pivotally attached to the upper rear sides of the hydraulic cylinder 89 (that is attached to the frame). In the event of any loss of hydraulic pressure, the rack bars (and the push bar and lift arms) are locked from rearward movement by engagement of the forward ends of the dogs in the respective tooth of the rack bars.
With a loss of hydraulic pressure, slight rearward movement of the lift arms 68 wedge the forward ends 180 of the dogs firmly into engagement with the respective tooth of the rack bars 172. The control knob is locked, and the dogs can not be raised. If there is sufficient pressure for the push bar to be extended by pumping of the handle, the dogs (become un-wedged and) can be released and immediately thereafter, the hydraulic floor jack can be safely lowered. Otherwise, the load will remain elevated and it will require an additional jack to safely elevate and support the load while the defective hydraulic floor jack is removed.
With a loss of hydraulic pressure and the components of the safety mechanism wedged as described above, the pivotal links 174, the rack bars 172 and the dogs 176 are each under pure compressive stress loads (no tensile or torsion forces). Rigid steel components are extremely strong under compression forces, and the safety mechanism is clearly safe and durable to securely lock the lift arms in the elevated position and support the load.
The mechanism further includes means for automatically disengaging the forward end 180 of the dogs from the rack bars 172 by rotating the control knob 132, when there is sufficient hydraulic pressure, and it is desired to lower the lift arms 68.
One such disengaging means includes a pair of pulleys on a lateral axel with a set of cables extending from the forward ends of the dogs, over the pulleys and connected to the coupling shaft, and actuated with rotation of the control knob. This is a narrative example of one of several cable arrangements that can be employed to automatically disengage the dogs from the rack bar.
Another disengaging means includes a rotary cam system on a vertical axel, actuated by the control knob, with the cam having a step for disengaging and retaining the dogs, for further rotation of the control knob to automatically release the control valve.
Another disengaging means includes a set of planetary gears actuated by the control knob with mating gears and linkage for raising and retaining the forward ends of the dogs by rotation of the control knob, then the control knob is further rotated to automatically release the control valve.
Referring also to
The lifting links 186 are designed to lift the forward ends 180 of the dogs 176, and not to force them downward to engage the rack bar 172. The forward ends of the dogs engage the rack bar by their own weight. The lifting link connections include slight clearances (slotted connections) and can even be in the form of flexible cables interconnecting the lever arms with the dogs. The lifting links allow the forward ends of the dogs to rise and fall as each tooth of the rack bar ratchets under the dogs, and when desired, become taut by rotation of the cam tube to elevate the dogs.
The disengaging means further includes means for rotating the cam tube 182 by rotation of the control knob 132, to thereby raise and disengage the forward ends 180 of the dogs from the rack bars 172 (as shown in
The preferred cam tube rotating means includes the control shaft coupling 138 having a swing arm 188 extending forwardly therefrom, with a swing arm pin 190 extending generally perpendicularly and downwardly from the distal end thereof. A forward pivot pin 192 is attached to the frame and extends generally vertically at a position forward of the lateral cam tube 182 and near the longitudinal center of the frame. The forward pivot pin is shown attached and extending upward from the hydraulic cylinder (to better illustrate the surrounding components). The pivot pin is alternatively supported by and attached to a lateral rectangular bar attached to the side flanges of the frame; and the pivot pin is fixed in the position as illustrated.
A swing plate 194 is positioned generally horizontally and adjacently below the cam tube 182, and has a forward end 196 pivotally attached to the forward pivot pin 192, and has a slotted rearward end 198 pivotally and slideably engaged around the swing arm pin 190. Whereby, as the control knob 132 (and swing arm 188) is rotated, the swing plate traverses laterally in an arc along the underside of the cam tube.
The cam tube 182 further has a generally V shaped slotted opening 200 in the cylindrical underside thereof. (The slotted opening is referenced as V shaped, but is more precisely that of a wide check-mark.) The swing plate 194 further has an upwardly extended cam follower stud 202 positioned and slideably engaged within the V slotted opening in the cam tube. The cam tube is shown in
Hydraulic cylinders specifications may vary somewhat but typically have a control valve with a quarter-turn 90°) of rotation from fully closed to fully open. The hydraulic cylinder 89 typically remains closed from 0° to about 60° of counterclockwise rotation of the valve, then opens from about 60° to 90° of counterclockwise rotation. The position of the control knob 132 (and the swing arm 188) in
Referring particularly to
The V slotted opening 200 in the cam tube 182 has a right side 204 corresponding to the position of the cam follower stud 202 when the control valve 91 is in the fully closed position (as shown in
Referring particularly to
Once the push bar 102 is released and the lift arms 68 of the hydraulic floor jack are lowered, the control knob 132 is returned to the closed position, and the forward ends 180 of the dogs are again engaged with the rack bars 172.
As shown in
As also shown in
The engagement of the cam follower stud 202 in the V slotted opening 200 of the cam tube 182, and the engagement of the swing arm pin 190 in the slotted rearward end 198 of the swing plate 194 are shown and described as pins to show the rotation concept. These pins may further include roller bearings or bushings for durability and extended life of the safety mechanism.
The basic configuration of the preferred embodiment of the safety mechanism includes components that are rigid and sturdy and do not include delicate cables or springs. The components can be a variety of sizes and shapes to fit within the available space in the rear portion of a hydraulic floor jack, and still function based upon the concepts in the detailed description of the invention. The design does not require close tolerances and is inherently reliable and durable.
The configuration of the V slotted opening 200 is not precisely defined, but rather is described in angular and longitudinal terms to clearly describe the concept of the operation of the cam tube 182 and the cam follower stud 202 in relation to the rotation of the control knob. The actual configuration of the V slotted opening is dependent on the desired diameter and location of the cam tube, the lengths and angles of the lever arms 184, the location of the pivot pin 192, the length of the swing plate 194, etc. Once the forgoing component sizes and relationships have been generally established, the angles and dimensions of the V slotted opening can be readily determined utilizing computer aided design software, or otherwise by empirical experimentation, following the concept defined in the detailed description.
The control knob 132 is preferably biased in the closed position with a torsion spring. The control valve 91 is automatically closed and the dogs 176 are engaged with the rack bars 172. The dogs remain engaged throughout the lifting and supporting operation of the hydraulic floor jack. When it is desired to lower the hydraulic floor jack, the control knob is smoothly rotated in the counterclockwise direction; the initial 30° of rotation disengages the dogs and the continuing rotation of the control knob seamlessly releases the control valve at about the 60° position. The operator does not have to do anything other than operate the control knob of the hydraulic floor jack, and may be totally unaware of the safety mechanism operating under the rear cover plate of the hydraulic floor jack.
The preferred embodiments utilize pairs of guide rails 170, rack bars 172 and dogs 176, but a safety mechanism can be incorporated that utilizes only one of each of these components. Such an abbreviated design is considered to also fall within the scope of the present invention.
The present invention defines a safety mechanism that is continuously and automatically in position in the event of a hydraulic floor jack failure; and is further automatically releasable with the usual rotation of the control knob to lower the lift arms.
While specific embodiments and examples of the present invention have been illustrated and described herein, it is realized that modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. It is therefore to be understood that the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications and changes as may fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3758076 | Tranchero | Sep 1973 | A |
| 4289299 | Kameda | Sep 1981 | A |
| 4635902 | Chou | Jan 1987 | A |
| 5618029 | Chung | Apr 1997 | A |
| 5878996 | Loan | Mar 1999 | A |
| 7108245 | Lin | Sep 2006 | B2 |
| 7413169 | Arzouman | Aug 2008 | B2 |
| 7434782 | Arzouman | Oct 2008 | B2 |
| 8066259 | Fang | Nov 2011 | B2 |
| 20030218159 | Arzouman | Nov 2003 | A1 |
| 20080111117 | Wu | May 2008 | A1 |
| 20080173852 | Woodbury | Jul 2008 | A1 |
| 20080290332 | Zetterlund | Nov 2008 | A1 |
| 20120223280 | Zhou | Sep 2012 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20160107869 A1 | Apr 2016 | US |
