This application relates to expandable interbody spinal fusion implants and methods of use thereof.
Illustrative embodiments of the invention are described below. In the interest of clarity, not all features of an actual implementation are described in this specification. It will of course be appreciated that in the development of any such actual embodiment, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be made to achieve the developers' specific goals, such as compliance with system-related and business-related constraints, which will vary from one implementation to another. Moreover, it will be appreciated that such a development effort might be complex and time-consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking for those of ordinary sill in the art having the benefit of this disclosure. The expandable spinal fusion implant and related methods disclosed herein boasts a variety of inventive features and components that warrant patent protection, both individually and in combination.
In general, the expandable spinal fusion implants described in this document include a housing, upper and lower endplates, a translating wedge positioned between the upper and lower endplates and within the housing, and a drive mechanism to drive translation of the wedge. The expandable spinal fusion implant is designed to be inserted into the disc space between adjacent vertebral bodies from a posterior approach. The implant may be made of any suitable, biocompatible material or combination of materials. For example, the implant components may be metal, poly ether ether ketone (PEEK), or a combination of the metal and PEEK. The implant is configured to be inserted into the disc space in a collapsed state and upon being seated in a desired location within the disc space the distal end of the implant is expanded in height to create an implant with a lordotic angle (i.e. the anterior height of the implant is greater than the posterior height of the implant, thereby restoring a more natural lordotic curvature of the particular segment of the lumbar spine). The expansion is accomplished by engaging the drive mechanism with a tool to activate the drive mechanism and cause the translating wedge to move between the implants in a distal direction.
According to the embodiment of
As illustrated by the exemplary embodiment of
According to the exemplary embodiment of
In use according to this exemplary embodiment, the implant 10 implant is inserted into the disc space between adjacent vertebral bodies in its collapsed position as illustrated in
According to the embodiment of
The upper and lower endplates 130, 140 according to this alternative embodiment are identical, mirror images of each other. The endplates 130, 140 of the alternative embodiment differ from the endplates 30, 40 of the previously described embodiment in that they increase in height across the endplate 130, 140 from the proximal end 133, 143 to the distal end 131, 141 of the endplate 130, 140 and from the posterolateral side 136, 146 to the anterolateral side 138, 148 of the endplate 130, 140. As a result, when the implant 120 is in its fully expanded configuration, the anterolateral height h1 of the implant 110 is greater than the posterolateral height h2 of the implant, as best shown in
According to the alternative embodiment, the wedge 150 is similar in structure to the wedge 50 as previously described. The wedge 150 has opposing angled surfaces 151, 152 at its distal end and a drive block 153 at its proximal end. The opposing angled surfaces 151, 152 and drive block 153 are coupled via a pair of lateral arms 154 defining a central aperture 155 therebetween. The drive block 153 similarly includes a graft aperture 157 through its thickness and a drive screw receptacle 158 dimensioned to house the distal end 164 of the drive screw 160.
The drive mechanism 160 of this alternative embodiment is similar in form and in function to the drive screw mechanism 60 described for the previous embodiment. The drive mechanism 160 is a drive screw. The drive screw 160 has a distal end 164 dimensioned to be received within the receptacle 158 of the drive block 153 and a proximal end 165 equipped with a mating feature for engaging a drive tool (not shown) and a threaded shaft 162 extending between the proximal end and distal end. As the drive screw 162 is rotated, the threads on the shaft 162 engage the complementary threads on the drive screw aperture 128 of the housing 120 allowing the drive screw to translate distally into the implant 110 thereby urging the wedge 150 distally within the implant and causing the endplates 130, 140 to separate.
According to the third embodiment of
According to the embodiment shown in
The wedge 250 according to the third embodiment is housed in the hollow interior of the housing 220 and between the interior surfaces 234, 244 of the upper and lower endplates 230, 240. The wedge 250 has a distal face defined by opposing angled surfaces 251, 252 and a proximal face 293. The wedge has a threaded drive mechanism aperture 258 extending throughout the wedge from the proximal face 243 through the distal face dimensioned to receive a threaded shaft 262 of the drive mechanism 260. As previously mentioned, the wedge has projections 259 extending from the proximal face 293 for engaging projections 283 on the interior side walls 272, 273 of the endplates 230, 240. The wedge 250 is positioned in the interior of the implant 210 such that when the implant 210 is in its collapsed configuration the wedge 250 is sitting in the hollow interior and blocking the distal portion of the central fusion apertures 235, 245 of the endplates 230, 240. When the implant 210 is in its fully expanded configuration, the wedge has been urged distally and thus is blocking less of the central fusion apertures 235, 245 effectively increasing the size of the aperture extending through the implant 210.
According to the embodiment shown in
In use, the expandable spinal fusion implant 210 is inserted into a disc space between adjacent vertebral bodies in its collapsed configuration. Although not shown, it is contemplated that an insertion tool having two arms extending from the distal end will engage the insertion tool channels 290 on the proximal wall 225 of the housing 220. The insertion tool has a hollow shaft to allow the drive mechanism driver to be inserted therethrough. The distal end of the drive mechanism driver is inserted through the graft delivery port 227 in the housing 220 and engaged with the mating feature 267 of the drive mechanism 267. The drive mechanism driver is used to rotate the drive mechanism thereby causing the wedge 260 to translate distally between the upper and lower endplates 230, 240. Then the driver is disengaged from the drive mechanism and withdrawn from the hollow shaft of the insertion tool. Subsequently, graft material is inserted through the hollow shaft of the insertion tool, through the graft delivery port 227 in the proximal wall 224 of the housing 220 and into the hollow interior of the implant 210. In an exemplary embodiment, a sufficient amount of graft is inserted to fill the interior of the implant, through the central apertures 235, 245 in the endplates such that there is graft in compact contact with the endplates of each of the adjacent vertebral bodies.
A number of embodiments of the invention have been described. Nevertheless, it will be understood that various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims.
This application claims the benefit of the filing date of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/864,132, which was filed on Aug. 9, 2013. The contents of U.S. Application No. 61/864,132 are incorporated by reference in their entirety as part of this application.
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