Patent Application
20060055326
The present invention relates to a low-pressure discharge lamp and a method for manufacturing it.
A dielectric barrier discharge type low-pressure discharge lamp having an electrode on the outer surface of a tubular glass lamp vessel (EEFL) is known as an example which is described in the laid-open Japanese-utility model application Shou 61-126559, for example. This low-pressure discharge lamp is charged with ionizable filler such as rare gas or mixed gas of mercury and rare gas inside a tubular glass lamp vessel with both ends sealed. On the inner wall surface of the tubular glass lamp vessel, a phosphor layer is formed as necessary. On the outer surfaces of both ends of the tubular glass lamp vessel, external electrodes are arranged.
The external electrodes are composed of, for example, a metallic tape made of aluminum foil and a conductive adhesive for forming an electrically conductive layer and coiled lead wires connected to the metallic tape, which acts as a metal fitting for supplying the low-pressure discharge lamp with an electric power. Here, the coiled lead wires are made contact with the metallic tapes by their own elasticity.
The low-pressure discharge lamp having such a structure has an advantage that no electrode is provided in the tubular glass lamp vessel, so that no electrode consumption is caused and the life is long. However, since the diameter of the tubular glass lamp vessel is very small such as about 3 mm, a complicated machine is required to apply the metallic tape on the tubular glass lamp vessel with high dimensional accuracy and it is difficult to manufacture the discharge lamps in mass production.
Further, in an electrode using such a metallic tape, a power loss is caused in the conductive adhesive made of acrylic resin when a current flows through the metallic tape, and there is a defect of increasing in the power consumption of the lamp.
Furthermore, since the conductive adhesive has low heat resistance, it is partially carbonized due to generation of heat when the current flows, and the resistance of the part is reduced, where the current is concentrated. As a result, a problem arises that intense heat is generated, and the tubular glass lamp vessel is partially fused to form a hole.
According to embodiments of the present invention, the low-pressure discharge lamp having an electrode using a conventional metallic tape is provided, with which such technical problems as high power consumption or forming the hole of are solved and which is capable of adopting a manufacturing method for realizing mass production at low cost.
The low-pressure discharge lamp according to the present invention is characterized in that an end portion of a tubular glass lamp vessel is dipped in a solder bath in which a solder material having good contact with a glass surface is fused, and thus an electric conductor layer of an external electrode is formed. As a solder material having a good contact with the glass surface, the conductor layer becomes adhesive and strong, when any one of tin, an alloy of tin and indium or an alloy of tin and bismuth is used as a main component. The discharge characteristic of the lamp having the conductor layer is stabilized, and the life span of the lamp is lengthened. Further, when the solder material contains at least one of antimony, zinc or aluminum as an additive, the surface of the tubular glass lamp vessel and the conductor layer have good contact with each other, with which the conductor layer is hardly separated from the surface of the tubular glass lamp vessel. Thus the discharge characteristic is stabilized and the life span of the lamp is lengthened. Moreover, when the solder dipping method is adopted to form the conductor layer, mass production can be realized and the cost can be decreased.
Further, the low-pressure discharge lamp according to the present invention is characterized in that the end portion of the tubular glass lamp vessel is dipped into an ultrasonic solder bath in which a solder material is fused, thus a conductor layer of an external electrode is formed. When any one of tin, an alloy of tin and indium, or an alloy of tin and bismuth is used as a main component of the solder material, the conductor layer becomes adhesive and strong. Thus the discharge characteristic of the lamp is stabilized, and the life span of the lamp is lengthened.
Since the conductor layer of the external electrode is formed by dipping into the ultrasonic solder bath in the low-pressure discharge lamp according to the present invention, an even layer with a uniform thickness is obtained and a highly efficient low-pressure discharge lamp can be realized. Moreover, mass production can be realized and the cost can be decreased by applying the ultrasonic solder dipping method to forming the conductor layer.
Furthermore, the low-pressure discharge lamp according to the present invention is characterized in that the surface of the end portion of the tubular glass lamp vessel is blasted and is then dipped into the ultrasonic solder bath, in which the solder material is fused, to form the conductor layer of the external electrode.
In the low-pressure discharge lamp according to the present invention, the conductor layer of the external electrode having an even layer with a uniform thickness is formed by dipping the end portion of the tubular glass lamp vessel into the ultrasonic solder bath. Moreover, the conductor layer is hardly separated from the tubular glass lamp vessel and a highly efficient low-pressure discharge lamp can be provided, since the conductor layer is formed on the blasted surface by ultrasonic solder dipping. In addition, mass production can be realized and the cost can be decreased by applying the ultrasonic solder dipping method.
Further, the manufacture of the low-pressure discharge lamps using the solder containing no lead does not give any adverse effect to the environment.
The embodiments according to the present invention will be now explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
On outer surfaces of both ends of the tubular glass lamp vessel 10, solder dipping layers 30 and 35 are formed respectively as conductor layers of external electrodes 21 and 26. On an inner peripheral wall of the tubular glass lamp vessel 10 excluding the parts where the external electrodes 21 and 26 are installed, a phosphor layer 70 composed of a phosphor is formed emitting lights having three different wave lengths, i.e. R, G and B. The thickness of the phosphor layer 70 is about 20 μm.
The solder dipping layers 30 and 35 are formed by dipping the ends of the tubular glass lamp vessel 10 in a solder bath at about 350° C. where tin, zinc, aluminum, and antimony are fused for about 30 seconds. The thickness of the formed solder dipping layers 30 or 35 is about 5 μm and the length of the solder dipping layers 30 or 35 is about 20 mm. Coiled lead wires 51 and 56 are provided at the both ends of the tubular glass lamp vessel 10 where the solder dipping layers 30 and 35 are formed, which make contact with the solder dipping layers 30 and 35 with their own an elastic force.
The inventors of the patent application examined various materials for the solder material and finally confirmed that a uniform and adhesive deposit is formed on the surface of the tubular glass lamp vessel 10 by any one of solder materials of tin, an alloy of tin and indium, or an alloy of tin and bismuth. Further, the solder material containing as an additive at least one of antimony, zinc, or aluminum makes the conductor layer to be in good contact with the surface of the tubular glass lamp vessel, thereby making the conductor layer to be hardly separated, and provides the solder dipping layers 30 and 35 having a stable discharge characteristic. Namely, the solder materials containing tin and at least one of antimony, zinc, or aluminum as an additive also realize good adhesion.
Similarly, solder materials containing an alloy of tin and indium or an alloy of tin and bismuth including respectively at least one of antimony, zinc or aluminum as an additive also realize good adhesion as well as lower their melting point so that the solder dipping can be easily carried out. Further, a solder electrode can be formed, whose surface oxidation hardly proceeds, thereby forming a stable conductive electrode, when aluminum is added to tin+zinc+antimony.
Further, in the dielectric barrier discharge type low-pressure discharge lamp according to the embodiment, the voltage at the electrode hardly drops, so that the lamp voltage can be lowered compared with the conventional dielectric barrier discharge type low-pressure discharge lamp having an electrode made of the metallic tape. For example, the lamp voltage at a lamp current of 4 mA and a lighting frequency of 45 kHz is 1940 Vrms in the conventional lamp and is 1790 Vrms in the lamp according to the embodiment of the present invention.
The experiment of the inventors of the present invention revealed that a uniform solder layer cannot be formed on the surface of the vessel because some portions of the surface of the tubular glass lamp vessel 10 remained uncovered when the both ends of a tubular glass lamp vessel are dipped into a solder bath, in which an alloy of tin and copper is fused to form a deposit. Here, the alloy of tin and copper is widely used as a solder material containing no lead. Further, for a solder material composed of an alloy of tin, copper and silver, the similar results are obtained. When such a low-pressure discharge lamp 18 is kept on for many hours, a current is excessively concentrated on a part of the solder dipping layer, resulting an over heating of a part of the end portions of the tubular glass lamp vessel 10 and resulting in forming a hole, and finally a problem may arise that the lamp 18 is not kept on.
However, the solder dipping layers 30 and 35 formed on the surface of the glass lamp vessel 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention are uniform in thickness and adhesive, so that the problem of exposing the surface of the glass lamp vessel 10, which forms a base, is prevented.
Ultrasonic solder dipping, as is generally known, is a method for plating while giving ultrasonic vibration to fused solder in a bath with an ultrasonic vibrator installed in the bath. In this embodiment, the same solder material as in the first embodiment is used and the ultrasonic vibrator operates at a vibration frequency of 20 kHz. Both ends of the tubular glass lamp vessel 10 are dipped in the fused solder bath at 230° C. for about 30 seconds. Further, KDB-100 ultrasonic solder bath is used, which is manufactured by Kuroda Technology Co., Ltd.
The solder dipping layers 31 and 36 thus formed, has a thickness of 5 μm and a length of 20 mm in the axial direction of the tube as is the case with the first embodiment. The dipping layers 31 and 36 formed by dipping the tube ends into the ultrasonic solder bath have a more uniform thickness than that of the solder dipping layers 30 and 35 formed in a regular solder bath and are more adhesive to the surface of the tubular glass lamp vessel 10 as described later.
Next, the dielectric barrier discharge type low-pressure discharge lamp 11 according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be explained referring to
When the surface of the glass vessel 10 is turned into the rough surfaces 41 and 46 applying the blasting process described, the contact area between the ultrasonic solder dipping layers 31 and 36 and the glass surface of the tubular glass lamp vessel 10 is expanded and thus the ultrasonic solder dipping layers 31 and 36 can be made hardly separable.
To inspect the adhesion or separability between the ultrasonic solder dipping layers and the surface of the tubular glass lamp vessel according to the embodiment of the present invention, the inventors formed solder dipping layers using regular solder as a comparison example and executed the comparison experiment between the comparison example and the ultrasonic solder dipping layers according to the second and the third embodiment described above. Specifically, a blasted tubular glass lamp vessel and a non-blasted tubular glass lamp vessel are dipped into the solder bath to form comparison examples 1 and 2 respectively. In the solder bath, the alloy of tin and copper is fused, which is used in the aforementioned experiment by the inventors. Forming lattice scratches are formed at intervals of 1 mm on the comparison examples 1 and 2 as well as the ultrasonic solder dipping layers according to the embodiments 2 and 3 of the present invention, a heat cycle test is executed and then the separation test is executed using a cellulose tape. The test results are given in Table 1. Further, in the heat cycle, keeping each sample in an environment of 80° C. for 0.5 hours and then keeping it in an environment of −30° C. for 0.5 hours, which constitute one cycle.
From the results of the heat cycle test, it is confirmed that the external electrodes made of the ultrasonic solder dipping layers according to the embodiments of the present invention are stronger in the heat cycle test than the external electrodes made by the regular solder bath dipping method using an alloy of tin and copper or an alloy of tin, copper, and silver as a solder material.
Further, it is found from the difference between the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 3 that the contact area between the surface of the glass lamp vessel and the ultrasonic solder dipping layer is extended and the adhesive strength can be increased by making the smooth surface of the glass lamp vessel 10 is blasted to make it uneven as in the embodiment 3 and by forming an ultrasonic solder layer on the part blasted. Namely, by the blasting process, stronger and hardly separable external electrodes can be formed.
In the low-pressure discharge lamp 12 having such a construction, the ultrasonic solder dipping method is adopted, thus mass production of a highly efficient low-pressure discharge lamp can be realized at a low price as in the low-pressure discharge lamp 11 according to the second embodiment. Furthermore, according to the embodiment, silver consumption due to adsorption of mercury into the phosphor layer 70 in the glass lamp vessel 10 can be suppressed and silver consumption due to entry of silver into the glass can be prevented. Thus a life span of the lamp can be lengthened.
Next, in a low-pressure discharge lamp 13 shown in
In the low-pressure discharge lamp 13 having such a construction, the ultrasonic solder dipping method is adopted, thus mass production of a highly efficient low-pressure discharge lamp can be realized at a low price similarly to the low-pressure discharge lamp 11 of the second embodiment. Furthermore, according to the embodiment, silver consumption due to entry of silver into the glass surface of the tubular glass lamp vessel 10 can be prevented and a life span can be lengthened.
Further, in the fourth and fifth embodiments, the case using the low-pressure discharge lamp 11 according to the second embodiment is explained. However, it is needless to say that the low-pressure discharge lamp 11 of the first or third embodiment may be used.
The present invention is not limited to the aforementioned embodiments and can be modified variously. For example, the coiled lead wires 51 and 56 are installed on the both ends of the tubular glass lamp vessel 10, on which the solder dipping layers 30 and 35 or the ultrasonic solder dipping layers 31 and 36 are formed. However, they may not be always coiled lead wires if conductors can make contact with the solder dipping layers.
As explained above using various embodiments, the low-pressure discharge lamp according to the present invention, conductor layers composed of a uniform and even metal deposit can be formed as external electrodes 21 and 26 of the tubular glass lamp vessel 10. Further, the blasted end surfaces 41 and 46 of the tubular glass lamp vessel 10 are dipped into the solder bath, thus conductor layers very hardly separable from the tubular glass lamp vessel 10 can be formed. Therefore, a highly efficient low-pressure discharge lamp having a stable discharge characteristic at low power consumption can be obtained. Moreover, it can be manufactured by a comparatively easy art such as solder dipping, so that mass production can be realized and the cost of the low-pressure discharge lamp can be reduced.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2002-176269 | Jun 2002 | JP | national |
| 2002-255547 | Aug 2002 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP03/07679 | 6/17/2003 | WO | 7/19/2005 |
