Patent Application
20060017581
The present invention relates generally to electronic devices that include batteries, and more specifically, to electronic devices such as controllers that are adapted to provide one or more indications of a battery condition such as a low battery condition.
A variety of electronic devices include at least one battery as a power source. In some instances, the battery provides auxiliary or backup power while a different source such as house current provides main power to the device. In many instances, a battery or perhaps a set of several batteries provide all of the power necessary to operate the electronic device. Any device that relies on a battery for either auxiliary or main power is susceptible to low battery issues.
In some cases, loss or impending loss of battery power can be annoying but is of little or no real significance. Examples of such situations include battery-powered hand held games and remote controls for audio/visual equipment such as stereos and televisions. When the game ceases to function or the remote no longer operates the stereo or television, a user can simply replace the battery or batteries.
In other cases, however, the loss or impending loss of battery power can have significant detrimental impact. An example of such a situation includes information storage devices such as a PDA (personal digital assistant). While many such devices have rechargeable batteries or include a main battery source and a backup battery source, these devices often still can be susceptible to battery problems.
Another example of a situation in which the loss or impending loss of battery power would have a negative impact includes devices that are part of security systems. Security systems can include a variety of components that for convenience are battery-powered yet contain data that has been entered by a user or an installation expert. The loss of such data could be an inconvenience. Worse, it is conceivable that the loss or impending loss of battery power in particular security systems devices could render the security system at least partially inoperable.
Yet another example of a situation in which the loss or impending loss of battery power can have a significant negative impact includes electronic devices known as controllers. Typical electronic controllers can be battery-powered and can be configured to control or operate a variety of different systems and/or equipment. An HVAC system is an example of such a system that can be controlled by a battery-powered controller. An HVAC controller can be used to regulate a variety of home heating, cooling and ventilating equipment such as furnaces, boilers, air conditioners, air exchangers, humidifiers, dehumidifiers, filtration units, UV lamps, and the like. Some HVAC controllers are considered to be thermostats.
Loss of battery power in an HVAC controller can have multiple impacts. Many HVAC controllers are user-programmable to include a number of time and temperature set points. Loss of battery power can cause a loss of these set points, which can require the user to tediously re-enter a relatively large amount of data. A loss of battery power can in some instances cause the HVAC controller to lose its ability to receive signals from and/or send command signals to various pieces of equipment in the system. This can mean, for example, that the furnace may shut down on a cold winter day or the air conditioning may shut down on a hot mid-summer day. Clearly, these are undesirable consequences.
Some battery-powered devices include attempts at warning a user that a loss of battery power is imminent. For example, some devices such as thermostats, detect a first low voltage level of a battery, and display a “REPLACE BATTERY” message on the display of the thermostat at a first blink rate. When a second lower voltage level is subsequently detected, the thermostat begins blinking the “REPLACE BATTERY” message at a higher blink rate. When a third lower voltage level is detected, the thermostat may stop operating and turn all control outputs to the off position, and display only the blinking “REPLACE BATTERY” message and not any other control parameters. These features are provided in, for example, the Chronotherm III product family of thermostats, available from the assignee of the present invention. It has been found, however that users often do not heed or even notice such warnings until the thermostat stops operating.
Thus, a need remains for methods of indicating a low battery condition within an electronic device such that a user actually takes notice of the indication. A need also remains for controllers adapted to indicate a low battery condition in such a way so that a user takes the appropriate actions in replacing the battery.
The present invention relates generally to electronic devices that include batteries, and more particularly, to electronic devices such as controllers that are adapted to provide one or more indications of a battery condition such as a low battery condition. In one illustrative embodiment, a first low battery condition is detected, and a first indication to the user is provided. If the user does not notice or otherwise replace the battery, a second low battery condition is eventually detected, and a second indication is provided. In some cases, the second indication can be different from the first indication. For example, the indications provided to the user can be made progressively more noticeable over time, until the battery is replaced. In some cases, a timer may be used to determine when the first and/or second indications are provided, and in some cases, the timer is started after a low battery condition is detected.
In some cases, the indications can be audible and/or visual. For example, and in one illustrative embodiment, the first indication can include one or more first audible indications, such as a series of beeps. Likewise, the second indication can include one or more second audible indications, such as a series of beeps. The duration, interval, volume level, pitch and/or any other suitable characteristics of the audible indications can be changed over time, and in some cases, made more noticeable over time until the battery is replaced. For example, the first audible indications can be shorter in duration, spaced by a longer interval, have a lower volume and/or pitch than the second audible indications.
Alternatively, or in addition, the first indication can include one or more visual indications. For example, in one illustrative embodiment, the first indication can include a flashing or blinking LED. In another illustrative embodiment, the first indication can include a visual indication or message on a display of a controller, if present. Likewise, the second indication can include one or more visual indications such as a flashing LED visual indication and/or message on a display, and/or another suitable visual indication. The indications may be changed over time, and in some cases, made more noticeable over time until the battery is replaced.
In some cases, the indications can correspond to changes in one or more control parameters of the controller. For example, for an HVAC controller, the indications can correspond to changes in set point, cycle rate, allowed temperature swing, or any other desired control parameter of the HVAC controller. In one example, the first indication may correspond to a first change in set point, and the second indication may correspond to a second change in set point, wherein the second change in set point is larger than the first change in set point. Cycle rate, allowed temperature swing, and/or other control parameters may be similarly changed, if desired.
In some illustrative embodiments, and once the controller determines that a low battery condition exists, the controller may provide one or more low battery indication(s) to a remote device that is remote from the controller. For example, a low battery indication may be provided to one or more remote receiving devices such as a security system, a phone system, a handheld device, a personal computer or any other suitable remote receiving device. In one example, if the controller is a thermostat, the thermostat may provide a low battery indication to a security system, which may in some cases have a better display and/or may have a display that is viewed more often by a user.
Some thermostats do not have a particularly good user interface, and in some cases, no LCD display or the like. In such cases, providing a low battery indication to another remote receiving device to help alert the user of the low battery condition can be useful. This is also true for other controller devices, such as battery powered temperature sensors, battery powered motion sensors and the like. In some cases, these controllers may provide a low battery indication via an RF or other wireless signal to a remote receiving device.
The low battery indication may be provided from the controller to a remote device using any suitable communication path. The communication path may be, for example, a wire, a bus, a phone system, a cellular network, the Internet, an RF link, etc. In some cases, the controller may provide, for example, a text message or an email message to a cellular phone, a handheld device such as a Personal Digital Assistant, a personal computer and/or any other suitable device. In some cases, the controller may call a user's phone (cellular or land line phone), and provide a voice notification of the low battery indication.
The above summary of the present invention is not intended to describe each disclosed embodiment or every implementation of the present invention. The Figures, Detailed Description and Examples which follow more particularly exemplify these embodiments.
The invention may be more completely understood in consideration of the following detailed description of various embodiments of the invention in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:
While the invention is amenable to various modifications and alternative forms, specifics thereof have been shown by way of example in the drawings and will be described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the intention is not to limit the invention to the particular embodiments described. On the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.
The following description should be read with reference to the drawings, in which like elements in different drawings are numbered in like fashion. The drawings, which are not necessarily to scale, depict selected embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Although examples of construction, dimensions, and materials are illustrated for the various elements, those skilled in the art will recognize that many of the examples provided have suitable alternatives that may be utilized.
The present invention generally relates to electronic devices that employ a battery as either a main or an auxiliary power supply. The term “battery” is interchangeably used to refer to either a single battery or several batteries connected either in series or in parallel in order to provide a desired voltage/power level. In particular embodiments, the present invention pertains to controllers that employ a battery as a primary power supply. While the invention is applicable to a wide variety of electronic devices, for purposes of illustration the invention is described below with reference to HVAC controllers.
To wit,
The illustrative thermostat 32 includes an intermediate housing 40 adapted to snap or otherwise attaché to base plate 34. A light source 42 is shown extending through intermediate housing 40. Light source 42 can be, for example, an LED, a light pipe optically coupled to an LED, or any other suitable light source. Use of light source 42 will be described in greater detail hereinafter. An outer housing 50 is shown disposed over intermediate housing 40.
The illustrative thermostat 32 also includes a scale plate 44 that can include indicia such as, for example, temperature indicia for both a current temperature and a temperature set point. In some embodiments, scale plate 44 includes a temperature set point scale 46 and a current temperature scale 48 and thus may function in part as user interface 16 (
Referring back to
The illustrative controller 10 also includes an I/O BLOCK 56 that may be used to control information flowing between control module 12 and user interface 16. A SYSTEM BLOCK 58 may be provided to control information flowing between control module 12 and HVAC system 14. SYSTEM BLOCK 58 can, for example, send commands to HVAC system 14 and receive feedback from HVAC system 14.
The illustrative control module 12 is powered at least in part by a battery 60, and may include a BATTERY BLOCK 62 that is adapted to monitor the condition of the battery 60. As control module 12 consumes power in operation, battery 60 will slowly degrade. BATTERY BLOCK 62 can include circuitry and/or software that monitors the voltage produced by the battery 60, and in some cases, provides a low battery indication to the user when appropriate.
At some point, battery 60 will reach a voltage level that is insufficient to fully operate controller 10. This voltage level can vary, depending upon the power and/or voltage requirements of controller 10. For example, in some embodiments, battery 60 is capable of fully powering controller 10 at a voltage level that is equal to 40 percent or less of the originally fully charged voltage level. In some embodiments, battery 60 is capable of fully powering controller 10 at a voltage level that is 30 percent of the originally fully charged voltage level, or perhaps 20 or even 10 percent of the originally fully charged voltage level.
BATTERY BLOCK 62 monitors the remaining charge available in battery 60 using any suitable circuit and/or software. Depending on the power requirements of controller 10, BATTERY BLOCK 62 can be adapted to provide control module 12 with a low battery signal or signals once the voltage level of the battery 60 drops to a predetermined level. In one illustrative embodiment, a low battery signal will be generated when the voltage level of the battery 60 drops to a predetermined voltage level that is still above the minimum voltage level required to power the controller 10.
The voltage level at which a low battery signal is generated may be made to depend on the battery draw of the particular controller 10. For example, in some cases, it may be desirable to provide a low battery signal at a given time before it is expected that the battery will fail to power the controller 10. Thus, and in some embodiments, if controller 10 has a relatively high power requirement, and thus drains battery 60 relatively faster than if controller 10 had a relatively low power requirement, BATTERY BLOCK 62 may be configured to provide the low battery signal at a relatively higher voltage level of the battery 60. Conversely, BATTERY BLOCK 62 may be configured to provide a low battery signal at a relatively lower low voltage level if controller 10 has a relatively lower power requirement.
In some embodiments, BATTERY BLOCK 62 can be configured to provide several low battery signals. In the higher power consumption example given above, BATTERY BLOCK 62 may, for example, provide a first low battery signal when the voltage level of the battery 60 reaches 50 percent of its fully charged capacity. BATTERY BLOCK 62 may then provide a second low battery signal when the voltage level of the battery 60 reaches, for example, 40 percent of its fully charged capacity. A third low battery signal may be generated when the voltage level of the battery reaches 30 percent of capacity, and so on. In some embodiments, a number of low battery signals can be generated as the available capacity remaining in battery 60 continues to drop closer and closer to a minimum voltage level required to power controller 10.
In some embodiments, one or more low battery signals may be generated merely after the passage of a predetermined time period. The predetermined time period may be determined by characterizing the battery voltage of batteries over time when used in the particular controller. Since the power draw of the particular controller can often be relatively predictable, the point or points at which a low battery signal(s) should be generated can also be relatively predictable.
In some embodiments, a first low battery voltage may be detected by the BATTERY BLOCK 62, and then subsequent low battery signals may be provided based on the passage of predetermined time periods.
A low battery signal or a series of low battery signals generated by BATTERY BLOCK 62 can trigger one or a series of indications to a user that the performance of battery 60 is degrading. In some embodiments, the one or series of indications can be provided in a variety of ways. Examples include audio indications, visual indications and/or changes in one or more control parameters, to name a few.
In some embodiments, BATTERY BLOCK 62 (
In any event, when block 68 detects the second low battery condition, control passes to block 70, where I/O BLOCK 56 (
For example, if the first and second indications are audible indications, the duration, interval, volume level, pitch or any other audible suitable characteristics of the second indication can be made more noticeable than that of the first indication, if desired. In another example, if the first and second indications are visual indications, the brightness, flash rate, display message, display characteristics, display functionality, blanking out of the display, or any other suitable visual characteristics of the second indication can be made more noticeable than that of the first indication, if desired. In yet another example, if the first and second indications correspond to change in a control parameter, the second indication may change the control parameter more than the first indication.
In some embodiments, the first indication can be visual and the second indication can be audible, the first indication can be audible and the second indication can be visible, the first indication can be audible and/or visual and the second indication can correspond to a change in one or more control parameters, the first indication can correspond to a change in one or more control parameters and the second indication can be audible and/or visual, the first indication can correspond to a control parameter and be audible and/or visual, and the second indication can correspond to a control parameter and be audible and/or visual, or any other combination or permutation of audible, visual and/or changes in control parameters, as desired. Also, there may be only one indication when the battery reaches a predetermined low voltage (or current) level, or more than two indications each corresponding to a different predetermined voltage (or current) level, as desired.
In some cases, a low battery level may be reached, at which point at least some of the main functions of the controller may be turned off or disabled. In some controllers such as some thermostats, the controller may need to turn on/off relay(s) to control the HVAC equipment. If the battery voltage drops too far, the controller may no longer be able to reliably turn on/off the relay(s). Thus, in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention, at least some of the functions of the controller may be intentionally disabled upon receiving a low battery condition, if desired. In some cases, when a particular low battery condition is determined (e.g. by detecting a low battery voltage and/or by tracking the passage of a predetermined time period), all of the functions of the controller may be intentionally disabled upon receiving a low battery condition until the battery is replaced. In some cases, at least some of the functions of the controller may be intentionally disabled upon receiving a first low battery condition, if desired.
Control then passes to block 70, where I/O BLOCK 56 (
Control then passes to block 72, where BATTERY BLOCK 62 (
While not explicitly shown in
As noted above, and in some embodiments, controller 10 (
In some instances, the first audible signal can be a single sound, such as a beep, a chirp, a voice message, etc. In other instances, the first audible signal can be a series of sounds that each has a first duration and a first interval between successive sounds. For example, the first audible signal can be a series of one-second beeps, spaced five minutes apart.
Control then passes to block 80, where BATTERY BLOCK 62 (
In some embodiments, the second audible signal can be a series of sounds that have a longer duration, a shorter interval, or both, with respect to that of the first audible signal. For example, the second audible signal can be a series of one-second beeps, spaced one minute apart, or perhaps a series of two-second beeps spaced two minutes apart. Alternatively, or in addition, the second audible signal can be a series of sounds that have a different pitch, volume level or other characteristic than the first audible signal.
While not explicitly shown in
In some instances, controller 10 (
In some instances, the first visible signal can be a text or graphical message displayed on display 22 (
In some illustrative embodiments, the first visible signal may be provided by controlling a light source 42 (see, for example,
Control then passes to block 88 where BATTERY BLOCK 62 (
While not explicitly shown in
In at least some embodiments, the nth+1 low battery condition can correspond to a lower battery voltage than the nth low battery condition. In some embodiments, BATTERY BLOCK 62 (
Control then passes to decision block 102, where BATTERY BLOCK 62 (
In some embodiments, and as mentioned above, the battery condition can be communicated to a user by changing one or more control parameters. Examples of control parameters can include temperature set points, allowable temperature swing control points, cycle rates, ventilation rate, humidity set point, and/or any other suitable control parameter of the controller. Allowable temperature swing control points can refer to how many degrees above or below a temperature set point the ambient temperature within a building or house is permitted to deviate before controller 10 instructs HVAC system 14 (
At block 112, BATTERY BLOCK 62 (
Control passes to block 114, where controller 10 (
Alternatively, or in addition, a different control parameter may be changed in response to the second battery condition. The change amount can refer to the new control parameter value with respect to its original value, or to its value as changed in response to the first battery condition.
In another example, if the control parameter is a temperature set point, controller 10 may change the temperature set point any suitable amount, such as 3 degrees, to a new set point of 67 degrees in response to the first battery condition. Then, the controller 10 may change the temperature set point by another 3 degrees to a new set point of 64 degrees in response to the second battery condition.
Alternatively, or in addition, controller 10 (
Thus far, the flow diagrams have largely illustrated controller 10 (
If a low battery condition has been reached for battery 60, control passes to block 120, where controller 10 (
If a new low battery condition has been reached for battery 60 (
In
Control then passes to decision block 134, where controller 10 (
If battery 60 (
In another illustrative embodiment, a low battery condition is detected, and subsequently thereto, a timer (e.g. provided by the controller) may be used to determine when one or more indications are provided to the user. For example, and in one illustrative embodiment, a first indication can be provided to the user when a low battery condition is detected. In some embodiments, the first indication can be provided sometime after the low battery condition is detected. A timer may then be used to determine when a second indication is provided to user, assuming the battery has not been replaced by the user. The timer may also be used to determine when a third, fourth, etc. indication are provided. In some embodiments, the second (and/or subsequent) indications may be provided a predetermined time or within a predetermined time range after the low battery condition is detected. In some embodiments, the second, third, fourth, etc. indication can be made more noticeable, be more aggressive, and/or denote a greater sense of urgency than the previous indication. In some embodiments, even the first indication may be determined by tracking the passage of a time period.
In some embodiments, battery usage may also be monitored during the operation of the controller 160 to help determine the state of the battery 162 over time. For example, the number of times the controller 162 activates a relay or the like may be counted over time. In this example, more frequent activation of a relay may cause more battery draw, and thus may reduce the time (which may be tracked by a timer) required for the battery 162 to reach a low battery state.
The controller 160 may be any type of controller, as desired. For example, the controller 160 may be an HVAC controller, such as a thermostat, that controls HVAC equipment 164. In another example, the controller 160 may be a security system controller that controls security system equipment 164. In yet another example, the controller 160 may be a temperature sensor controller that controls temperature sensor equipment 164, or a motion sensor controller that controls motion sensor equipment 164. Virtually any type of battery powered controller may benefit from the present invention.
In the illustrative embodiment shown in
Some thermostats do not have a particularly good user interface and by providing the low battery indication 166 to another receiving device to alert the user of the low battery condition can be useful. This is also true for other devices, such as battery powered temperature sensors, battery powered motion sensors and the like, which often have a limited user interface or no user interface at all. In many cases, these devices may provide the low battery indication 166 via an RF or other wireless signal to the remote receiving device, if desired.
In some cases, the controller 160 may be adapted to call the user via a phone line, the internet and/or a cellular network and provide a message to the user and/or leave a message for the user via the phone system 172. The message may provide a notification to the user of the low battery indication 166. Alternatively, or in addition, the controller 160 may deliver a message (e.g. text messaging, email message, or any other suitable message) to a user's handheld device 174 (e.g. cell phone, Personal Digital Assistant, and/or the like) and/or to a user's Personal Computer/Laptop that provides a notification of the low battery indication 166. Numerous other remote notification mechanisms may also be used, as desired.
The invention should not be considered limited to the particular examples described above, but rather should be understood to cover all aspects of the invention as set out in the attached claims. Various modifications, equivalent processes, as well as numerous structures to which the invention can be applicable will be readily apparent to those of skill in the art upon review of the instant specification.
