Patent Application
20090159089
This invention relates to the field of dental appliances. More particularly, this invention relates to an appliance to be worn at night to prevent Bruxism.
Bruxism is clenching and/or grinding of the teeth caused by the activation of a reflex chewing activity. Bruxism can cause chips and cracks in the teeth and wear of the biting surface. Bruxism typically occurs during sleep. In a typical case, the canines and incisors move laterally against each other, thereby causing abrasion of tooth enamel, removal of the sharp biting surfaces and flattening of the edges of the teeth. Sometimes, there is a tendency to grind the molars together, which can be loud enough to wake a sleeping partner. In some cases, clenching occurs without significant lateral jaw movement.
Although dental guards exist for preventing Bruxism, prior guards have not provided a comfortable fit in the wearer's mouth. Due to discomfort associated with prior guards, many Bruxism sufferers have given up on the use of guards to treat the problem during sleep. One problem with prior guards is the lack of adjustability to fit a particular wearer's mouth.
Although some prior guards had adjustable bite pads, those guards included adjustment structures that are bulky and uncomfortable to wear. For example, U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2006/0096602 describes a mouthguard having bite pads whose front-to-back positions may be adjusted by sliding a pin assembly forward or backward to various receiver holes provided in a buccal strap. This pin assembly includes a bulky shank and cap structure that occupies a considerable amount of space between the wearer's cheek and gum. U.S. Pat. No. 6,152,138 describes adjustable bite pads that include a shank and ball structure. The ball of this structure extends outward from the outside surface of the buccal strap where it is prone to rub against the wearer's cheek. Thus, each of these prior art guards include uncomfortable adjustment mechanisms.
What is needed is a size-adjustable mouthguard for preventing Bruxism that includes a low-profile adjustment mechanism which is comfortable enough to be worn overnight by persons with various sized jaws and mandibles.
The above and other needs are met by a dental appliance that comprises a U-shaped buccal strap having opposing right and left aft end portions, a right bite pad assembly slidingly connected to and completely enclosing the right aft end portion of the buccal strap, and a left bite pad assembly slidingly connected to and completely enclosing the left aft end portion of the buccal strap. The right bite pad assembly comprises a right upper bite surface member for contacting right upper molars of a wearer and a right lower bite surface member for contacting right lower molars of the wearer. The left bite pad assembly comprises a left upper bite surface member for contacting left upper molars of a wearer and a left lower bite surface member for contacting left lower molars of the wearer. A right channel extends through the right upper bite surface member and the right lower bite surface member. A left channel extends through the left upper bite surface member and the left lower bite surface member. The right channel receives the right aft end portion of the buccal strap, and the left channel receives the left aft end portion of the buccal strap.
In some preferred embodiments, the buccal strap includes a plurality of indentations disposed adjacent the right and left aft end portions. The right bite pad assembly includes a protrusion extending inwardly within the right channel, and the left bite pad assembly includes a protrusion extending inwardly within the left channel. The protrusions in the right and left channels are for engaging one of the plurality of indentations in the right and left aft end portions of the buccal strap, thereby providing a means for adjusting the size of the dental appliance.
In some embodiments, a forward portion of the right channel extends through the right upper bite surface member and a rear portion of the right channel extends through the right lower bite surface member. Similarly, a forward portion of the left channel extends through the left upper bite surface member and a rear portion of the left channel extends through the left lower bite surface member.
In one embodiment, the upper bite surface members are formed of a material having a color which is different from the color of the material of the lower bite surface members. When the material of the upper bite surface members wears through due to extended use of the appliance, the material of the lower bite surface members is exposed, thereby clearly indicating that replacement of the appliance is desirable. In an alternative embodiment, the upper and lower bite surface members are formed of materials having the same color.
Some preferred embodiments include a central arched portion in the buccal strap for accommodating the frenulum of a wearer's lower lip.
A trough or channel may be provided in a buccal corner of each of the right and left upper bite surface members. The trough or channel is operable to allow flexing of the bite pad assemblies to accommodate wearer-to-wearer variations in the Curve of Wilson.
Further advantages of the invention are apparent by reference to the detailed description in conjunction with the figures, wherein elements are not to scale so as to more clearly show the details, wherein like reference numbers indicate like elements throughout the several views, and wherein:
As shown in
In a preferred embodiment, the upper bite surface members 14a-16a are formed of DuPont Elvax® 550 resin, which is a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate (15% by weight) having a Vicat softening temperature of 62° C. and a Shore A hardness of 92. The lower bite surface members 14b-16b are also preferably formed of the DuPont Elvax® 550 resin. The buccal strap 12 is preferably formed of DuPont Elvax® 750 resin. However, it will be appreciated that the invention is not limited to any particular material or combination of materials for these components.
In preferred embodiments, all of the components of the mouthguard 10 are formed by injection molding. The upper bite surface members 14a-16a may be molded over the lower bite surface members 14b-16b, or they may be formed separately and then assembled with the lower bite surface members 14b-16b.
As shown in the figures, the right and left aft ends 38a-38b of the buccal strap 12 are received within right and left channels 30a-30b that extend down the length of the right and left bite pad assemblies 14-16. The channels 30a-30b are sized to allow the bite pad assemblies 14-16 to move forward and aft relative to the aft ends 38a-38b of the buccal strap 12. In this configuration, the overall length of the mouthguard 10 may be adjusted to fit various mouth sizes by adjusting the forward-aft position of the bite pad assemblies 14-16.
In a preferred embodiment, the forward-aft position of each bite pad assembly 14-16 may be independently adjusted by simply sliding the assemblies along the buccal strap 12. Four indentations 22 are provided along an outer surface of the buccal strap 12 to provide four adjustment positions. As shown in the cross-section view of
As shown in
As shown in the figures, the buccal strap 12 also includes raised shoulders 18 disposed forward of the indentations 22. The shoulders 18 provide a limit of forward travel for the bite pad assemblies 14-16.
In a preferred embodiment, each of the upper bite surface members 14a-16a includes a pair of tabs 36a that engage a corresponding pair of indentations 36b disposed on an inner edge of each of the lower bite surface members 14b-16b. The engagement of the tabs 36a with the indentations 36b aide in securing the upper bite surface members 14a-16a to the lower bite surface members 14b-16b and in preventing forward-aft slippage of the upper bite surface members 14a-16a with respect to the lower bite surface members 14b-16b.
In some embodiments of the invention, the occlusal bite surfaces of the upper bite surface members 14a-16a are curved to match the Curve of Spee. In other embodiments, the occlusal bite surfaces of the upper bite surface members 14a-16a are substantially flat.
As shown in the figures, preferred embodiments of the invention include troughs 32 molded into the buccal corners of the upper bite surface members 14a-16a. The troughs 32 allow flexing of the bite pad assemblies 14-16 to accommodate variations in the Curve of Wilson.
As shown in
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The foregoing description of preferred embodiments for this invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. They are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Obvious modifications or variations are possible in light of the above teachings. The embodiments are chosen and described in an effort to provide the best illustrations of the principles of the invention and its practical application, and to thereby enable one of ordinary skill in the art to utilize the invention in various embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. All such modifications and variations are within the scope of the invention as determined by the appended claims when interpreted in accordance with the breadth to which they are fairly, legally, and equitably entitled.
This application claims priority as a continuation-in-part of co-pending U.S. design patent application Ser. No. 29/299,274 filed Dec. 21, 2007, titled LOW PROFILE MOUTHGUARD, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 29299274 | Dec 2007 | US |
| Child | 12133852 | US |
