Claims
- 1. A synthesis process for producing lubricant range hydrocarbons by oligomerizing lower olefin feed at elevated temperature and pressure which comprises
- contacting the lower olefin under oligomerization conditions with a medium pore shape-selective siliceous zeolite catalyst consisting essentially of aluminosilicate HZSM-22.
- 2. The process of claim 1 including the step of separating the reaction product to obtain a heavy fraction rich in substantially linear C20.sup.+ olefins.
- 3. The process of claim 2 wherein lubricant range hydrocarbons boiling above 315.degree. C. have a viscosity index of at least about 85.
- 4. The process of claim 1 wherein the olefinic feed comprises C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 olefins; the catalyst comprises aluminosilicate having a silica-to-alumina mole ratio of at least 20 and a constraint index of about 2.5 to 3.
- 5. The process of claim 1 wherein the olefinic feed consists essentially of C.sub.3 -C.sub.4 aliphatics; the catalyst consists essentially of a fixed bed of zeolite catalyst particles having an acid cracking value prior to deactivation treatment of about 50 to 300, and the process is conducted at a temperature of about 150.degree. C. to 290.degree. C., a pressure of at least about 1500 kPa and weight hourly space velocity of about 0.1 to 2 hr.sup.-1.
- 6. In the process for upgrading lower olefins to produce lubricant range hydrocarbons by controlling olefinic feed comprising C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 alkene with a shape selective medium pore acidic zeolite oligomerization catalyst at high pressure and moderate temperature, the improvement wherein said zeolite catalyst comprises ZSM-22 having, as synthesized, a calculated composition, expressed in terms of moles of anhydrous oxides, as follows:
- (y)M.sub.2/n :(z)L.sub.2 O.sub.3 :100SiO.sub.2 ; M is an alkali or alkaline earth metal having a valence n, y=0 to 2.0, z=0 to 5, and L is a tetrahedrally bound atom selected from Al, Ga, Fe, B or mixtures thereof.
- 7. In the process of claim 6 wherein said zeolite catalyst has an X-ray diffraction substantially as set forth in Table I below:
- TABLE I______________________________________Interplanarspacings Relative Intensityd(A.degree.) I/Io______________________________________10.9 .+-. 0.2 medium-very strong 8.7 .+-. 0.16 weak6.94 .+-. 0.10 weak-medium5.40 .+-. 0.08 weak4.58 .+-. 0.07 weak4.36 .+-. 0.07 very strong3.68 .+-. 0.05 very strong3.62 .+-. 0.05 strong-very strong3.47 .+-. 0.04 medium-strong3.30 .+-. 0.04 weak2.74 .+-. 0.02 weak2.52 .+-. 0.02 weak______________________________________
- 8. In the process of claim 7 wherein said zeolite ZSM-22 consists essentially of an acidic aluminosilicate.
- 9. A process for converting lower olefins to lubricant-grade hydrocarbons comprising contacting an olefinic feedstock with a siliceous zeolite in a reactor under such temperature and pressure conditions to convert at least a portion thereof to lubricant-grade hydrocarbons, wherein said zeolite has an X-ray diffraction pattern substantially as set forth in Table I
- TABLE I______________________________________Interplanar Relativespacings Intensityd(A.degree.) I/Io______________________________________10.9 .+-. 0.2 M-VS 8.7 .+-. 0.16 W6.94 .+-. 0.10 W-M5.40 .+-. 0.08 W4.58 .+-. 0.07 W4.36 .+-. 0.07 VS3.68 .+-. 0.05 VS3.62 .+-. 0.05 S-VS3.47 .+-. 0.04 M-S3.30 .+-. 0.04 W2.74 .+-. 0.02 W2.52 .+-. 0.02 W______________________________________
- 10. The process of claim 9 wherein said zeolite consists essentially of acidic aluminosilicate.
- 11. A lubricant range hydrocarbon produced by process of any of claims 1 to 10, consisting essentially of aliphatics having a substantially linear structure C.sub.20 + and having a viscosity index of at least 85.
REFERENCE TO COPENDING APPLICATION
This application is a Continuation-in-part of U.S. patent applications Ser. No. 373,451, filed 30 April, 1982, now abandoned, and Ser. No. 695,609, filed 28 January, 1985, incorporated herein by reference.
US Referenced Citations (15)
Foreign Referenced Citations (2)
Number |
Date |
Country |
0065400 |
Aug 1982 |
EPX |
0057049 |
Nov 1982 |
EPX |
Continuation in Parts (1)
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373451 |
Apr 1982 |
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