Claims
- 1. An oil soluble dispersant comprising the reaction product of a hydrocarbon having at least one carboxylic acid, ester or anhydride functional group, and a heavy polyamine, wherein said heavy polyamine comprises a mixture of polyamines, a majority of said polyamines having 6 to 12 nitrogens per molecule, said mixture having an average of 7 or more nitrogens per molecule, a nitrogen content of more than about 28 wt. %, an equivalent weight of about 120-160 grams per equivalent of primary amine and comprising less than about 26 wt. % hexamine and lower amines.
- 2. The dispersant of claim 1 wherein said hydrocarbon is a polymer.
- 3. The dispersant of claim 2 wherein said functionalized polymer is a polybutenyl succinic acid or anhydride.
- 4. The dispersant of claim 2 wherein said polymer comprises ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymer having a number average molecular weight greater than 300.
- 5. The dispersant of claim 4 wherein said polymer comprises ethylene/propylene or ethylene/butene copolymer.
- 6. An additive for use in a two-cycle engine oil comprising the dispersant of claim 2, wherein said polymer has an average molecular weight less than 300.
- 7. The dispersant of claim 1 wherein said heavy polyamine comprises substantially no oxygen.
- 8. The dispersant of claim 1 wherein said heavy polyamine has an equivalent weight of about 125-140 grams per equivalent of primary amine.
- 9. The dispersant of claim 1 wherein said heavy polyamine comprises less than about 1 wt. % pentamines and lower polyamines and less than about 25 wt. % hexamines.
- 10. The dispersant of claim 9, wherein said heavy polyamine contains about 5 wt. % to about 15 wt. % hexamines.
- 11. The dispersant of claim 1 wherein said funtionalized hydrocarbon has an average of up to two functional groups.
- 12. An oleaginous composition comprising the disperant of claim 1.
- 13. An oleaginous composition comprising the dispersant of claim 1 and a base oil in the form of a lubricating oil or lubricating oil additive package.
- 14. The dispersant of claim 1 wherein said heavy polyamine has a primary amine content of at least about 6.3 to about 8.5 milliequivalents of primary-amine per gram, and a total nitrogen content of at least about 32 wt. %.
- 15. The dispersant of claim 1, wherein said heavy polyamine has a primary amine content of about 7.7 to about 8.5 milliequivalents of primary amine per gram of polyamine and at least 2.2 primary amine groups per molecule.
- 16. A process for producing an oil soluble dispersant comprising the steps of
- a) functionalizing by halogenating, ene reacting or free radical grafting a hydrocarbon backbone with a carboxylic acid or anhydride agent; and
- b) reacting the functionalized hydrocarbon backbone with a heavy polyamine, wherein said heavy polyamine comprises a mixture of polyamines, a majority of said polyamines having 6 to 12 nitrogens per molecule, said mixture having an average of 7 or more nitrogens per molecule, a nitrogen content of more than about 28 wt. %, an equivalent weight of about 120-160 grams per equivalent of primary amine and comprising less than about 26 wt. % hexamine and lower amines.
- 17. The process of claim 16 wherein said agent is an anhydride comprising maleic anhydride.
- 18. The process of claim 16 wherein said backbone is halogenerated in a chlorination step.
- 19. The process of claim 16, wherein said heavy polyamine is formed by distilling light fractions from a polyamine bottoms product to yield a said heavy polyamine, said heavy polyamine having less than 1 wt. % pentamines and less than 25 wt. % hexamines.
- 20. The process of claim 19, wherein said functionalized hydrocarbon backbone is a functionalized polymer having a number average molecular weight of greater than about 600, and wherein said heavy polyamine is reacted with said functionalized polymer in a stoichiometric ratio of 0.5 to 2 equivalents of functional group per equivalent of primary amine.
Parent Case Info
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 08/701,006, filed Aug. 21, 1996 now abandoned which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 08/273,294 filed Jul. 11, 1994 now abandoned.
US Referenced Citations (31)
Foreign Referenced Citations (1)
Number |
Date |
Country |
129368 |
Dec 1984 |
EPX |
Continuations (2)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
701006 |
Aug 1996 |
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Parent |
273294 |
Jul 1994 |
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