Patent Grant
10896638
This application claims the benefit of Japanese Priority Patent Application No. 2017-155276 filed on Aug. 10, 2017, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
The disclosure relates to a luminance controlling unit, a light-emitting unit, and a method of controlling luminance.
Recently, a display unit has been developed and commercialized that includes pixels each including a current-driven optical element, such as an organic electroluminescent element, in the technical field of an image display unit. The current-driven optical element changes its luminance depending on the magnitude of a current flowing therein. Reference is made to Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2016-99468, for example.
Reducing the magnitude of a current in a display unit to suppress an increase in electric power consumption may possibly decrease luminance of the display unit. A larger decrease in luminance may possibly cause adverse effects on display quality.
It is desirable to provide a luminance controlling unit, a light-emitting unit, and a method of controlling luminance that are able to minimize adverse effects on display quality while suppressing an increase in electric power consumption.
A luminance controlling unit according to one embodiment of the disclosure includes a luminance controller that controls luminance of a pixel array including pixels each including a current-driven self-luminescent element. The luminescent controller sets, on the basis of an image signal corresponding to a frame image, a threshold that is directed to detection of a maximum signal level of the image signal, and performs dynamic control of a potential difference between a first voltage and a second voltage on the basis of the maximum signal level detected with reference to the set threshold. The first voltage is outputted from a first voltage source adjacent to an anode of the self-luminescent element, and the second voltage is outputted from a second voltage source adjacent to a cathode of the self-luminescent element.
A luminance controlling unit according to one embodiment of the disclosure includes a luminance controller that controls luminance of a pixel array including pixels each including a current-driven self-luminescent element. The luminance controller corrects a histogram distribution of an image signal corresponding to a frame image on a basis of a line-of-sight position of a viewer or a viewing-listening distance of the viewer, and performs dynamic control of a potential difference between a first voltage and a second voltage on a basis of a maximum signal level of the image signal. The first voltage is outputted from a first voltage source adjacent to an anode of the self-luminescent element, and the second voltage is outputted from a second voltage source adjacent to a cathode of the self-luminescent element. The maximum signal level is detected on a basis of the corrected histogram distribution.
A light-emitting unit according to one embodiment of the disclosure includes a pixel array that includes pixels each including a current-driven self-luminescent element, and a luminance controller that controls luminance of the pixel array. The luminance controller sets, on a basis of an image signal corresponding to a frame image, a threshold that is directed to detection of a maximum signal level of the image signal, and performs dynamic control of a potential difference between a first voltage and a second voltage on a basis of the maximum signal level detected with reference to the set threshold. The first voltage is outputted from a first voltage source adjacent to an anode of the self-luminescent element, and the second voltage is outputted from a second voltage source adjacent to a cathode of the self-luminescent element.
A light-emitting unit includes a pixel array that includes pixels each including a current-driven self-luminescent element, and a luminance controller that controls luminance of the pixel array. The luminance controller corrects a histogram distribution of an image signal corresponding to a frame image on a basis of a line-of-sight position of a viewer or a viewing-listening distance of the viewer, and performs dynamic control of a potential difference between a first voltage and a second voltage on a basis of a maximum signal level of the image signal. The first voltage is outputted from a first voltage source adjacent to an anode of the self-luminescent element, and the second voltage is outputted from a second voltage source adjacent to a cathode of the self-luminescent element. The maximum signal level is detected on a basis of the corrected histogram distribution.
A method of controlling luminance according to one embodiment of the disclosure controls luminance of a pixel array that includes pixels each including a current-driven self-luminescent element. The method includes setting, on a basis of an image signal corresponding to a frame image, a threshold that is directed to detection of a maximum signal level of the image signal, and dynamically controlling a potential difference between a first voltage and a second voltage on a basis of the maximum signal level detected with reference to the set threshold. The first voltage is outputted from a first voltage source adjacent to an anode of the self-luminescent element, and the second voltage is outputted from a second voltage source adjacent to a cathode of the self-luminescent element.
A method of controlling luminance according to one embodiment of the disclosure controls luminance of a pixel array that includes pixels each including a current-driven self-luminescent element. The method includes correcting a histogram distribution of an image signal corresponding to a frame image on a basis of a line-of-sight position of a viewer or a viewing-listening distance of the viewer, and dynamically controlling a potential difference between a first voltage and a second voltage on a basis of a maximum signal level of the image signal. The first voltage is outputted from a first voltage source adjacent to anode of the self-luminescent element, and the second voltage is outputted from the second voltage source adjacent to a cathode of the self-luminescent element. The maximum signal level is detected on a basis of the corrected histogram distribution.
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments and, together with the specification, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
In the following, some exemplary embodiments of the disclosure are described in detail, in the following order, with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the following description is directed to illustrative examples of the disclosure and not to be construed as limiting to the disclosure. Factors including, without limitation, numerical values, shapes, materials, components, positions of the components, and how the components are coupled to each other are illustrative only and not to be construed as limiting to the disclosure. Further, elements in the following exemplary embodiments which are not recited in a most-generic independent claim of the disclosure are optional and may be provided on an as-needed basis. The drawings are schematic and are not intended to be drawn to scale. Note that the like elements are denoted with the same reference numerals, and any redundant description thereof will not be described in detail. Note that the description is given in the following order.
1. Embodiments
2. Modification Examples
[Configuration]
The display panel 10 may include a pixel array 10A including multiple pixels 11 arranged in matrix. The controller 20 and the driver 30 may drive the display panel 10 (i.e., pixels 11) on the basis of an external image signal Din and an external synchronizing signal Tin. The power supply circuit 40 may supply a predetermined voltage to the driver 30 and the display panel 10.
[Display Panel 10]
In response to the active-matrix driving of the pixels 11 performed by the controller 20 and the driver 30, the display panel 10 may display an image based on the external image signal Din and the external synchronizing signal Tin. The display panel 10 may include multiple scanning lines WSL extending in a row direction, multiple signal lines DTL extending in a column direction, multiple power lines DSL, multiple cathode lines CTL, and the multiple pixels 11 arranged in matrix. In place of the multiple cathode lines CTL, a cathode sheet may be provided over the pixel array 10A. Note that the term “cathode lines CTL” may be used interchangeably with the term “cathode sheet” in the following description.
The scanning lines WSL may be used to select the pixels 11. For example, a selection pulse Pw may be supplied through the scanning lines WSL to the pixels 11 to select the pixels 11 on a predetermined unit basis. The pixels 11 may be selected on a pixel-row basis, for example. A signal voltage Vsig based on the image signal Din may be supplied through the signal lines DTL to to the pixels 11. The signal lines DTL may be each coupled to an output end of a horizontal selector 31 described below. Each of the signal lines DTL may be assigned to its corresponding pixel column, for example. The scanning lines WSL may be each coupled to an output end of a write scanner 32 described below. Each of the scanning lines WSL may be assigned to its corresponding pixel row, for example.
The power lines DSL and the cathode lines CTL may be used to supply, to the pixels 11, a power voltage Vcc and a cathode voltage Vcath that are outputted from the power supply circuit 40, respectively. The power voltage Vcc may correspond to a specific but non-limiting example of a “first voltage” according to one embodiment of the disclosure, and the cathode voltage Vcath may correspond to a specific but non-limiting example of a “second voltage” according to one embodiment of the disclosure. The pixels 11 may correspond to organic electroluminescent elements 11B described below. The power lines DSL and the cathode lines CTL may be each coupled to an output end of the power supply circuit 40.
The pixels 11 on the pixel array 10A may include ones emitting red light, ones emitting green light, and ones emitting blue light, for example. The pixels 11 may further include ones emitting light in another color, such as white or yellow, for example.
The pixels 11 each include, for example, a pixel circuit 11A and an organic electroluminescent element 11B. The organic electroluminescent element 11B is a current-driven self-luminescent element.
The pixel circuit 11A may control light emission and light extinction of the organic electroluminescent element 11B. The pixel circuit 11A may hold a voltage written into its corresponding pixel 11 through write scanning described below. The pixel circuit 11A may include a driving transistor Tr1, a switching transistor Tr2, and a storage capacitor Cs.
The switching transistor Tr2 may control application of the signal voltage Vsig to a gate of the driving transistor Tr1. The signal voltage Vsig may be based on the image signal Din. For example, the switching transistor Tr2 may sample a voltage of the signal line DTL and write the sampled voltage into the gate of the driving transistor Tr1. Through the sampling of the signal voltage Vsig of the signal line DTL, the switching transistor Tr2 may generate a data pulse Pd having the signal voltage Vsig as a peak value and apply the data pulse Pd to the gate of the driving transistor Tr1.
The driving transistor Tr1 may be coupled in series to the organic electroluminescent element 11B. The driving transistor Tr1 may drive the organic electroluminescent element 11B. The driving transistor Tr1 may control a driving current flowing in the organic electroluminescent element 11B on the basis of the magnitude of the voltage sampled at the switching transistor Tr2. The storage capacitor Cs may hold a predetermined voltage between the gate and a source of the driving transistor Tr1. The storage capacitor Cs may hold a gate-source voltage Vgs of the driving transistor Tr1 at a constant level for a predetermined period. Note that the pixel circuit 11A may have a circuit configuration that includes the 2Tr1C circuit described above and additional capacitors and transistors. Alternatively, the pixel circuit 11A may have a circuit configuration different from that of the 2Tr1C circuit described above.
Each of the signal lines DTL may be coupled to an output end of the horizontal selector 31 described below and a source or drain of the switching transistor Tr2. Each of the scanning lines WSL may be coupled to an output end of the write scanner 32 described below and a gate of the switching transistor Tr2. Each of the power lines DSL may be coupled to an output end of a power supply circuit 40 and the source or drain of the driving transistor Tr1. Each of the cathode lines CTL may be coupled to the output end of the power supply circuit 40 and a cathode of the organic electroluminescent element 11B.
The gate of the switching transistor Tr2 may be coupled to its corresponding scanning line WSL. One of the source or drain of the switching transistor Tr2 may be coupled to its corresponding signal line DTL. The other of the source or drain, of the switching transistor Tr2, that is not coupled to the signal line DTL may be coupled to the gate of the driving transistor Tr1. One of the source or drain of the driving transistor Tr1 may be coupled to its corresponding power line DSL. The other of the source or drain, of the driving transistor Tr1, that is not coupled to the power line DSL may be coupled to an anode of the organic electroluminescent element 11B. One end of the storage capacitor Cs may be coupled to the gate of the driving transistor Tr1. The other end of the storage capacitor Cs may be coupled to one of the source or drain, of the driving transistor Tr1, that is adjacent to the organic electroluminescent element 11B. The cathode of the organic electroluminescent element 11B may be coupled to its corresponding cathode line CTL.
[Driver 30]
The driver 30 may include the horizontal selector 31 and the write scanner 32, for example. The horizontal selector 31 may apply the analog signal voltage Vsig to each of the signal lines DTL, in response to a control signal from the controller 20, for example. The write scanner 32 may apply the analog selection pulse Pw to each of the scanning lines WSL, in response to a control signal from the controller 20, for example. The horizontal selector 31 and the write scanner 32 may apply the signal voltage Vsig through the signal line DTL to the source or drain of the switching transistor Tr2, and apply the selection pulse Pw through the scanning line WSL to the gate of the switching transistor Tr2. The data pulse having a peak value of the signal voltage Vsig may be thereby written into the gate of the driving transistor Tr1.
[Power Supply Circuit 40]
The power supply circuit 40 may apply the power voltage Vcc and the cathode voltage Vcath to each pixel. The power supply circuit 40 may apply a potential difference ΔV (=Vcc−Vcath) to each pixel. For example, the power supply circuit 40 may supply the potential difference ΔV (=Vcc−Vcath) to a current path Pi in each pixel. The current path Pi may include the driving transistor Tr1 and the organic electroluminescent element 11B. The power supply circuit 40 may include, for example, voltage sources 40A and 40B. The voltage source 40A, which may correspond to a specific but non-limiting example of a “first voltage source” of one embodiment of the disclosure, may output the power voltage Vcc to the power line DSL. The voltage source 40B, which may correspond to a specific but non-limiting example of a “second voltage source” according to one embodiment of the disclosure, may output the voltage Vcath to the cathode line CTL. The voltage source 40A or 40B or both may be configured to change a voltage value in response to a control signal from the controller 20.
[Detector 50]
The detector 50 may detect one or both of a line-of-sight (viewing-listening line) of a user and a distance between the user and the display unit 1. For example, the line-of-sight and the distance between the user and the display unit 1 may be detected based on the user who looks to an image displayed on the display unit 1 or listens to a sound outputted from the display unit 1. The distance between the user and the display unit 1 may correspond to a specific but non-limiting example of a “viewing-listening distance” (E2) according to one embodiment of the disclosure. The detector 50 may determine a position coordinate of the viewing-listening line in a frame image on the basis of the detected viewing-listening line. The position coordinate may correspond to a specific but non-limiting example of a “line-of-sight position” (E1) according to one embodiment of the disclosure. The line-of-sight position E1 may be, for example, image data including data items for the respective pixels 11, as with the frame image. For example, the pixels 11 corresponding to the position coordinate may be assigned with 1, and the other pixels 11 may be assigned with 0, in the image data.
[Controller 20]
The controller 20 will now be described.
The controller 20 may include, for example, an image signal corrector 21, a down converter 22, a histogram measuring section 23, a maximum level detector 24, a voltage calculator 25, IIR filters 26 and 27, a low-pass filter (LPF) 28, a gain adjuster 29, a threshold calculator 33, and a timing generator 34.
The image signal corrector 21 may perform predetermined image processing on the digital image signal Din received from an external device, for example, and output the processed image signal Dout to the horizontal selector 31 in the driver 30. For example, the image signal corrector 21 may collectively convert each combination of image signals Din representing different colors into a predetermined signal. The timing generator 34 may generate a control signal Tctl on the basis of the synchronizing signal Tin, and output the generated control signal Tctl to the horizontal selector 31 and the write scanner 32 in the driver 30.
In an exemplary embodiment, the down converter 22 may perform, on the image signal Dout, a down-conversion process and a low-pass filtering (LPF) process of eliminating spatial high-frequency fluctuations, to generate an image signal Da. In a case where the image signal Dout represents an image data in which multiple high-gradation pixels are scattered as illustrated in the left of
The histogram measuring section 23 may calculate the signal level of the image signal Da for each pixel 11, and generate histograms of the calculated signal levels of the respective pixels 11. Specific but non-limiting examples of the histograms generated by the histogram measuring section 23 may include ones illustrated in the right of
The maximum level detector 24 may compare the histograms generated at the histogram measuring section 23 with a threshold nth to detect a maximum maximum gradation Cmax. In other words, the threshold nth may be a variable that is directed to detection of a maximum level of the image signal Da. The threshold nth may be set by the threshold calculator 33 described below, for example. The maximum level detector 24 may hold a default value of the threshold nth, for example, and may change the threshold nth by multiplying the default value by a gain received from the threshold calculator 33. From some gradation ranges of the histograms Hd exceeding the threshold nth, the maximum level detector 24 may extract the highest gradation range (e.g., the gradation range of a shaded bar in
The IIR filter 26 may perform, on the maximum gradation Cmax, a process of suppressing sharp temporal fluctuations. For example, the IIR filter 26 may perform, on the maximum gradation Cmax, a filtering process of suppressing sharp temporal fluctuation. The IIR filter 26 may be a filter that mitigates sharp temporal fluctuations of the control signal generated at the voltage calculator 25. In a case where the power voltage Vcc based on the control signal sharply increases, the IIR filter 26 may mitigate the sharp increase in the power voltage Vcc, as illustrated in
The IIR filter 27 may perform, on the line-of-sight position E1 determined at the detector 50, a process of suppressing sharp temporal fluctuations. For example, the IIR filter 27 may perform, on the line-of-sight position E1 detected at the detector 50, a filtering process of suppressing sharp temporal fluctuations. In a case where the line-of-sight position E1 sharply increases in value, the IIR filter 27 may mitigate the sharp increase in the value of the line-of-sight position E1, for example. In a case where the line-of-sight position E1 sharply decreases in value, the IIR filter 27 may mitigate the sharp decrease in the value of the line-of-sight position E1, for example. The LPF 28 may perform, on the signal (i.e., line-of-sight position E1) passing through the IIR filter 27, the LPF process of eliminating spatial high-frequency fluctuations.
The gain adjuster 29 may multiply the resultant signal (i.e., line-of-sight position E1 obtained through the LPF process) by one or both of sensitivity adjusting gains G1 and G2, to correct the data regarding the line-of-sight position E1. For example, the gain adjuster 29 may multiply the line-of-sight position E1 by one or both of the sensitivity adjusting gains G1 and G2 illustrated in a box in the lower left of
The histogram measuring section 23 corrects the histogram distribution of the image signal Da on the basis of the signal obtained through the LPF process performed on the line-of-sight position E1 (i.e., on the basis of the line-of-sight position E1 after predetermined processing). For example, the histogram measuring section 23 may correct the histogram distribution of the image signal Da on the basis of the line-of-sight position E1 after the predetermined processing or the viewing-listening distance E2. The histogram measuring section 23 may further calculate the signal level of the corrected image signal Da for each pixel 11, and generate the histograms of the signal levels of the respective pixels 11. Through the correction process using the line-of-sight position E1 after the predetermined processing and the viewing-listening distance E2 described above, the histogram measuring section 23 may reduce the signal levels of some areas out of viewer's concern in the frame image, for example. Unlike the histogram in the right of
The threshold calculator 33 sets the threshold nth on the basis of an average luminance level L1 of the image signal Dout, an average current level L2 of the image signal Dout, or a motion amount M in the frame image. The threshold calculator 33 may hold, in a memory thereof, a gain G3 illustrated in
Using the ACL gain G3 from the memory, for example, the threshold calculator 33 may determine a value of the ACL gain G3 to correct the threshold nth. For example, the threshold calculator 33 may calculate the average current level L2 from the image signal Dout, and determine a value of the ACL gain G3 based on the calculated average current level L2. Using the ALL gain G4 from the memory, for example, the threshold calculator 33 may determine a value of the ALL gain G4 to correct the threshold nth. For example, the threshold calculator 33 may calculate the average luminance level L1 from the image signal Dout, and determine a value of the ALL gain G4 based on the calculated average luminance level L1. Using the motion amount gain G5 from the memory, for example, the threshold calculator 33 may determine a value of the motion amount gain G5 to correct the threshold nth. For example, the threshold calculator 33 may calculate the motion amount M from the image signal Dout, and determine a value of the motion amount gain G5 based on the calculated motion amount M. The maximum level detector 24 may multiply the default threshold nth by one or more of the ACL gain G3, the ALL gain G4, and the motion amount gain G5 that are determined at the threshold calculator 33, to change the threshold nth.
[Effects]
Some effects of the display unit 1 according to any embodiment of the disclosure will now be described.
Reducing the magnitude of a current in the display unit including the pixels each including the self-luminescent element to suppress an increase in electric power consumption may possibly decrease luminance of the display unit. A larger decrease in luminance may possibly cause adverse effects on display quality.
In contrast, in any embodiment of the disclosure, the threshold nth directed to detection of the maximum signal level (maximum gradation Cmax) of the image signal Dout or Da is set on the basis of the image signal Dout or Da. Further, the potential difference ΔV between the power voltage Vcc, outputted from the voltage source 40A adjacent to the anode of the organic electroluminescent element 11B, and the cathode voltage Vcath, outputted from the voltage source 40B adjacent to the cathode of the organic electroluminescent element 11B, is dynamically controlled on the basis of the maximum gradation Cmax detected with reference to the set threshold nth. Accordingly, it is possible to minimize adverse effects on the display quality while suppressing an increase in electric power consumption.
In any embodiment of the disclosure, the histogram distribution of the image signal Dout or Da is corrected on the basis of the line-of-sight position E1 of a viewer or the viewing-listening distance E2 of the viewer. Further, the potential difference ΔV between the power voltage Vcc, outputted from the voltage source 40A adjacent to the anode of the organic electroluminescent element 11B, and the cathode voltage Vcath, outputted from the voltage source 40B adjacent to the cathode of the organic electroluminescent element 11B, is dynamically controlled on the basis of the maximum gradation Cmax of the image signal Dout or Da detected on the basis of the corrected histogram distribution. Accordingly, it is possible to minimize adverse effects on the display quality while suppressing an increase in electric power consumption.
In any embodiment of the disclosure, the threshold nth may be set on the basis of the average luminance level L1 of the image signal Dout, the average current level L2 of the image signal Dout, or the motion amount M in the frame image. This allows the threshold nth to be displaced to an appropriate value. Accordingly, it is possible to minimize adverse effects on the display quality while suppressing an increase in electric power consumption.
In any embodiment of the disclosure, the threshold nth may be set on the basis of the signal obtained through the down conversion process and the LPF process performed on the image signal Dout. This effectively reduces the luminance of small areas difficult to be perceived by the viewer, for example. Accordingly, it is possible to minimize adverse effects on the display quality while suppressing an increase in electric power consumption.
In any embodiment of the disclosure, the signal level of the image signal Dout may be calculated for each pixel 11, and the histograms of the calculated signal levels of the respective pixels 11 may be generated. The maximum signal level (maximum gradation Cmax) may be detected through the comparison between the generated histograms and the threshold nth. This detects the maximum signal level (maximum gradation Cmax) with accuracy. Accordingly, it is possible to minimize adverse effects on the display quality while suppressing an increase in electric power consumption.
In any embodiment of the disclosure, the potential difference ΔV may be dynamically controlled after the process of suppressing sharp temporal fluctuations on the maximum signal level (maximum gradation Cmax). For example, the maximum signal level (maximum gradation Cmax) may be subjected to the filtering process of suppressing sharp temporal fluctuations. This suppresses sharp fluctuations of the current flowing in the organic electroluminescent element 11B. Accordingly, it is possible to minimize adverse effects on the display quality while suppressing an increase in electric power consumption.
In any embodiment of the disclosure, the histogram distribution of the image signal Da may be corrected on the basis of the signal obtained through the LPF process performed on the line-of-sight position E1 (i.e., on the basis of the line-of-sight position E1 after predetermined processing). This effectively reduces the luminance of any area difficult to be perceived by the viewer, for example. Accordingly, it is possible to minimize adverse effects on the display quality while suppressing an increase in electric power consumption.
Some modification examples of the display unit 1 according to any embodiment of the disclosure will now be described.
The histogram measuring section 23 may thereafter subtract the maximum gradation Cmax2 from the maximum gradation Cmax1 (i.e., Cmax1−Cmax2) (Step S105) to calculate a compensation gain G6 (Step S106). The compensation gain G6 may be correlated with the difference between the maximum gradations Cmax1 and Cmax2, as illustrated in
Such a correction of the maximum gradation Cmax suppresses the temporal switching of the detected maximum signal level (maximum gradation Cmax) between the two values, for example, the maximum gradations Cmax1 and Cmax2, due to the temporal fluctuations of the histogram Hd around the threshold nth (i.e., exceeding and falling below the threshold nth) in a gradation range higher than the gradation range of the histogram in which the detected maximum signal level (maximum gradation Cmax) is detected. Accordingly, it is possible to minimize adverse effects on the display quality while suppressing an increase in electric power consumption.
Note that effects described herein are merely illustrative. Effects of the disclosure are not intended to be limited to effects which are described herein. The disclosure may have other effects than those described herein.
Furthermore, the technology encompasses any possible combination of some or all of the various embodiments and the modifications described herein and incorporated herein. It is possible to achieve at least the following configurations from the above-described example embodiments of the technology.
Moreover, the disclosure may have the following configurations, for example.
(1) A luminance controlling unit including:
According to the luminance controlling unit, the light-emitting unit, and the method of controlling luminance of any embodiment of the disclosure, it is possible to minimize adverse effects on the display quality while suppressing an increase in electric power consumption.
It should be noted that the effect of the disclosure is not limited to what is described here but may include any effect described herein.
Although the disclosure has been described in terms of exemplary embodiments, it is not limited thereto. It should be appreciated that variations may be made in the described embodiments by persons skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the disclosure as defined by the following claims. Effects of the disclosure are not limited to those described hereinabove, and may be other effect than those described herein. The limitations in the claims are to be interpreted broadly based on the language employed in the claims and not limited to examples described in this specification or during the prosecution of the application, and the examples are to be construed as non-exclusive. For example, in this disclosure, the use of the terms first, second, etc. do not denote any order or importance, but rather the terms first, second, etc. are used to distinguish one element from another. Moreover, no element or component in this disclosure is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether the element or component is explicitly recited in the following claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2017-155276 | Aug 2017 | JP | national |
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20050212726 | Namba | Sep 2005 | A1 |
| 20060127081 | Lee | Jun 2006 | A1 |
| 20090140665 | Park | Jun 2009 | A1 |
| 20120139885 | Iwasa | Jun 2012 | A1 |
| 20140104305 | Ryu | Apr 2014 | A1 |
| 20160148576 | Kato | May 2016 | A1 |
| 20180082661 | Kang | Mar 2018 | A1 |
| 20180247581 | Sakurai | Aug 2018 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 2008-311977 | Dec 2008 | JP |
| 2009-181075 | Aug 2009 | JP |
| 2016-99468 | May 2016 | JP |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20190051234 A1 | Feb 2019 | US |
