Patent Grant
8800443
This application claims priority to French Patent Application 1350937, filed 4 Feb. 2013, and titled “MACHINE ET PROCEDE DE MARQUAGE D'ARTICLES,” the entire disclosure of which is incorporated by reference.
The present invention relates to a machine and a method for marking articles, in particular by hot stamp marking. The field of the invention is that of marking rigid articles such as containers, for example made of glass, metal or plastic, with thick walls.
In a known manner, a marking machine includes a marking head fitted with at least one marking member, of the roller or punch type. The marking head is configured to apply a marking force on an article, in particular a container, by means of the marking member. The interposition of a marking tape between the marking head and the container makes it possible to create a pattern on the outer surface of the container, or indeed the interposition of a label enables the marking of the surface by labeling.
The machine may comprise one or more container transport stations facing the marking head, movable according to a linear displacement path, for example on rails, or according to a rotary displacement path, for example on a swivel castor wheel with plate. Each transport station includes one or two carriage turrets for supporting the container at its longitudinal ends. For example, the first carriage turret comprises a tailstock which is lodged in the neck of the container, while the second carriage turret comprises a catch bottom for holding the container opposite to the neck. The tailstock and the base, which are fixed in relation to one another, constitute the support means for supporting the ends of the container during its transport and marking. Such support means are satisfactory for carrying out paper labelling or silk screen printing, which do not require the application of a significant amount of force to the container. Defects in shape of the container are compensated for by the flexibility of the applicator member for silk screen printing or labels fitted to the marking head.
Additionally, it is a known practice to equip the machine with fixed support rollers against which the container is supported during its marking. These support rollers are positioned opposite to the marking head relative to the container and provide a means of countering the marking force applied to the container. In particular, in the context of marking via a hot stamping process or by the application of a label that is thick and/or of metal, the marking force is higher than for a paper labelling or a silk screen printing process. Without the support rollers, the overhang span between the means for supporting the ends might be too large. When the container is made of plastic with thin walls, such as a conventional plastic bottle, due to its flexibility and relatively low degree of manufacturing defects, it is positioned satisfactorily between the support rollers and the marking member.
However, when the container is made of glass, metal or plastic material and has relatively thick walls, it has greater rigidity and more significant shape defects than a plastic container with thin walls. In this case, the support means and fixed support rollers are not suitable.
One aspect of the present invention is to provide an improved machine and method for marking an article, in particular by hot stamp marking, for example on a container made of glass, metal or plastic and having thick walls.
To this end, the invention relates to a machine for marking articles, this machine comprising at least:
a marking head configured to apply a marking force on an article along a first axis,
a positioning system for positioning the article facing the marking head, wherein the article is positioned generally along a second axis perpendicular to the first axis, the positioning system comprising at least one carriage turret for holding the article, and
a support system for supporting the article during its marking by the marking head, the support system comprising at least two rollers which bear the article during the application of the marking force on the article.
The machine is characterized in that when the article is positioned facing the marking head by at least one carriage turret, this carriage turret has a degree of freedom along a direction which is parallel to the first axis, and in that the support system and/or the at least one carriage turret includes backlash means along a direction parallel to a third axis, which is perpendicular to the first axis and the second axis to compensate for the shape defects of the article during application of the marking force.
Thus, the invention enables the improvement of the positioning of the article during its marking, and thereby the improvement of the quality of this marking. According to the invention, the support system and the carriage turret/s of the positioning system make it possible to define the reference position of the article in view of its marking and then, thanks to their being independently movable, to adapt to its shape defects during marking. If during this marking, the machine included one or more carriage turret or turrets fixed along the axis of marking, as well as supporting rollers fixed relative to each other, the support rollers would not be in contact at all times with the article and could not counter the marking force satisfactorily. The machine according to the invention is particularly suitable for hot stamping of articles, in particular of glass containers.
Preferably, the machine also includes a system for dispensing the marking tape between the marking head and the article. Alternatively, the machine may include a system for dispensing labels, in particular labels that are thick and/or made of metal, between the marking head and the article. In this case, the machine is a machine for marking articles by labelling.
According to other advantageous characteristic features of the machine according to the invention, taken individually or in combination:
Only the support system includes backlash means along a direction parallel to a third axis, these backlash means allowing a linear movement of the support rollers in this direction.
The positioning system comprises at least one pair of carriage turrets for supporting the article and when the article is positioned facing the marking head by the pair of carriage turrets, each carriage turret of this pair has a degree of freedom independent of the other carriage turret along the direction parallel to the first axis.
The positioning system comprises at least one pair of carriage turrets supporting the article and one of the two carriage turrets has a degree of freedom in a direction parallel to the second axis, offsetting the length defects of the article supported by the pair of carriage turrets.
The marking head comprises at least one marking member including an resiliently deformable outer part capable of offsetting the shape defects of the article along the first axis, while the rollers of the support system each include an outer peripheral part having a hardness lower than that of the article and higher than that of the outer part of the marking member.
The positioning system comprises at least two marking stations each comprising at least one carriage turret, each marking station receives an article to be marked independently of the other marking station or stations, and the support system equipping the machine is a single unique system shared by the different marking stations.
The positioning system comprises at least two marking stations each comprising at least one carriage turret, each marking station receives an article to be marked independently of the other marking station or stations, and each marking station is associated with a support system specific to it and which is movable with that marking station relative to the marking head.
The support system has a degree of freedom along a direction parallel to the second axis.
The support system comprises at least two pairs of rollers and, for each pair of rollers, the backlash means allows movement independent of the other pair or pairs of rollers in a direction parallel to the third axis.
The invention also relates to a method for marking articles, under the action of a marking head configured to apply a marking force on an article along a first axis, the method comprising the following successive steps:
a) a step of loading of an article in a positioning system comprising at least one carriage turret;
b) a step of positioning the article in front of the marking head via the positioning system, the article being positioned generally along a second axis perpendicular to the first axis and interposed between the marking head and a support system comprising at least two rollers adapted to receive the article bearing on it during its marking
c) a step of marking consisting in applying the marking force along the first axis on the article via the marking head, and
d) a step of unloading of the marked article out of the positioning system.
The process includes:
in that during the positioning step b) and marking step c), when the article is positioned facing the marking head by the at least one carriage turret, this carriage turret has a degree of freedom along a direction which is parallel to the first axis; and
in that during the marking step c), the shape and form defects of the article are compensated by backlash means along a direction parallel to a third axis, which is perpendicular to the first axis and the second axis, these backlash means equipping the support system and/or the at least one carriage turret.
The invention will be better understood upon reading the description which follows, given by way of non-limiting example and with reference made to the accompanying drawings in which:
The machine 1 is intended to be used for decorating articles 100 by way of applying a marking on the external surface. In particular, the machine 1 is suitable for the hot stamp marking of containers 100.
The machine 1 comprises a base 2 for ground anchoring, an electrical cabinet 3, a control station 4, a system 5 for feeding the machine 1 with containers 100, a marking head 10, a system 20 for transporting and positioning of containers 100 so as to face the marking head 10, from the feeding system 5, as well as a system 30 for supporting the container 100 during the marking process. The housing for the electrical cabinet 3 and the housing for the control station 4 are fixed at the base 2. The machine 1 also comprises a system for unloading the marked containers 100, this system is not shown for the sake of simplification.
In the example in
In practical terms, glass is an amorphous material that is geometrically imperfect. The production of containers 100 out of glass induces defects in shape that are specific to each of them, in other words, that may be variable from one container to another, whether in the same batch of containers or from batch to batch. These deformities may be, in particular, defects with respect to concentricity, cylindricity, and axial or radial backlash of the container 100. For example, the lack of eccentricity of the neck 101 with respect to the body 103 may be of the order of two millimeters. According to another example, the diameter of the body 103 may vary by plus or minus one millimeter along the axis A100. In another example, the length of the container 100 between the neck 101 and the end 102 may vary by plus or minus two millimeter along the axis A100.
Alternatively, the container 100 may be fabricated from another rigid material also liable to exhibit geometrical imperfections. For example, the container 100 may be made of metal, of various types such as aerosol, fire extinguisher body, metal bottle, etc. According to another example, the container may be made of plastic with thick walls, obtained by molding or blow molding processes, of the types including bottles, jars or pots, or even by overmolding, in particular of plastic material on plastics, on glass or on metal.
The present invention is applicable to all rigid articles likely to have geometrical imperfections, and particularly irregular external forms. Such articles may be handled by being held by a pair of means for supporting the ends, in particular between center positions as in the example in
According to the invention, the machine 1 is capable of compensating for the defects in shape and form specific to each article 100 during its marking.
As shown in
As shown in
Advantageously, the carriage 12 or at least a portion of the carriage 12 including the rollers 18 and 19 is removable so as to enable the modification in a simple manner of the configuration of the marking head 10. According to a particular alternative, the marking head 10 may comprise a single marking roller, which preferably has a diameter twice that of the rollers 18 and 19.
The dispensing system 15 is configured so as to run the marking tape 16 between the container 100 and the rollers 18 and 19 in the direction schematically represented by an arrow T16 in
As shown in
According to the embodiment in
The front platen 21 includes four front carriage turrets 60, while the rear platen 22 includes four rear carriage turrets 70. Except for the synchronized rotation around the axis Y20, the component members of the positioning system 20 are independently movable radially to axis Y20, as detailed here below. On the platen 21, the carriage turrets 60 are mutually independent of each other and independent of the carriage turrets 70. On the platen 22, the carriage turrets 70 are mutually independent of each other and independent of the carriage turrets 60. Each carriage turret 60 includes means for moving radially to the axis Y20. Similarly, each carriage turret 70 includes means for moving radially to the axis Y20. In other words, each independent carriage turret 60 and 70 has a degree of freedom along a direction perpendicular to the axis Y20. More specifically, when the marking station, including carriage turrets 60 and 70 is positioned facing the marking head 10, each independent carriage turret 60 and 70 has a degree of freedom along a direction defined by an axis, respectively X60 and X70, parallel to the axis X10 and the marking force F10. Within each marking station formed by a pair of carriage turrets 60 and 70, they are preferably mechanically independent without any mechanical member connected between them. Apart from the synchronized rotation of the platens 21 and 22 around the axis Y20, carriage turrets 60 and 70 are independently movable radially, and their movements may be selectively synchronized if necessary.
Alternatively, the carriage turrets 60 and 70 can be connected by a mechanical member. In this case, each carriage turret 60 and 70 has a degree of freedom along the direction defined by the axes X60 and X70, in a manner that is interdependent on each other.
The carriage turret 60 is provided with a tailstock 61 adapted to be lodged in the neck 101 formed at the front end of the container 100, while the carriage turret 70 is provided with a catch bottom 71 for the rear end 102 of the container 100. The tailstock 61 has a profile elongated along an axis Y60 parallel to the axis Y20. The tailstock 61 is configured so as to penetrate into the neck 101, even when there is angular movement between the axes Y60 and A100. The bottom 71 has a hollow tubular profile centered on an axis Y70 parallel to the axis Y20. The bottom 71 is configured so as to engage around the end 102, even when there is angular movement between the axes Y70 and A100. Thus, the container 100 may be maintained between its two ends 101 and 102 by the tailstock 61 and the bottom 71, which form the means for supporting the ends of the container 100 during its transport, its positioning and marking. The axes Y60 and Y70 are always parallel to the axis Y20 and to each other, while the orientation of the axis A100 depends on the defects in shape and form of the container 100 and on a possible spacing between the axes Y60 and Y70. In the ideal case shown in
The carriage turret 60 is also provided with a spring 62 disposed between the tailstock 61 and a base 63 for supporting this tailstock 61. In practice, the tailstock 61 is mounted so as to be slidable along the axis Y60 in this support base 63. The spring 62 tends to push the tailstock 61 in the direction of the bottom 71. Thanks to the spring 62, the shape defects and deformities of the container 100 in length along its axis A100 can be compensated. The spring 62 shown is a mechanical one, however alternatively the carriage turret 60 can be provided with a pneumatic spring. Thus, the carriage turret 60 has a degree of freedom along the front-rear direction parallel to the axis Y60, in a manner so as to compensate for defects in length of the container 100 along the axis A100. For example, this compensation may be in the range of plus or minus two millimeters. The reference position of the container 100 along the front-rear direction is thus defined by the bottom 71 of the carriage turret 70.
The carriage turret 60 further comprises a radial linear guide device 65, comprising of two rails 66 integrally fixed to the platen 21 pivoting about the axis Y20, a block 67 movable radially to the axis Y20 by sliding on the rails 66, a pneumatic cylinder 68 and a pressure regulator 69. The device 65 is actuated by the pneumatic cylinder 68, designed to move the block 67 along the rails 66. The base 63 for supporting the tailstock 61 is integrally fixed to the block 67. Thus, the device 65 makes it possible to move the tailstock 61 radially to the axis Y20, that is to say along the axis X60 parallel to the axis X10 when the carriage turret 60 and the container 100 are positioned facing the marking head 10.
The carriage turret 70 comprises a geared motor unit 73 for driving the rotation of the bottom 71 about the axis Y70. More precisely, the device 73 is configured so as to pivot the container 100 that is engaged with the bottom 71 along a rotational movement R100, represented by an arrow in
The turret carriage 70 further comprises a radial linear guide device 75, comprising of two rails 76 integrally fixed to the platen 21 pivoting about the axis Y20, a block 77 movable radially to the axis Y20 by sliding on the rails 76, a pneumatic cylinder 78 and a pressure regulator 79. The device 75 is actuated by the pneumatic cylinder 78, designed to move the block 77 along the rails 76. The geared motor unit 73 is integrally fixed to the block 77, while the bottom 71 is mounted so as to pivot about the axis Y70 relative to this block 77. Thus, the device 75 enables movement of the bottom 71 radially to the axis Y20, that is to say along the axis X70 parallel to the axis X10 when the turret carriage 70 and the container 100 are positioned facing the marking head 10. The device 75 of the carriage turret 70 is independent of the device 65 of the carriage turret 60.
When the container 100 is not positioned in front of the marking head 10, in particular when it is being loaded in the positioning system 20, the pneumatic cylinder 68 and 78 maintain the devices 65 and 75 in stop position internally or externally, which constitutes the reference position of the positioning system 20 radially to the axis Y20. In this reference position, the axes Y60 and Y70 respectively defined by the tailstock 61 and the bottom 71 are as close as possible to the axis Y20. Once the carriage turrets 60 and 70 have brought the container 100 to its position in front of the marking head 10, the support system 30 comes to bear against the container 100, as detailed here below.
As shown in
The device 32 comprises a digital control motor and means for transmitting movement to the base 50. The device 32 is designed to move the base 50 along the vertical direction defined by the axis X10, in particular by bringing it closer to the marking head 10 when the container 100 supported by the carriage turrets 60 and 70 is positioned opposite the marking head 10. In practice, the base 50, the blocks 40A and 40B and the rollers 41-44 are moved by the device 32 by a predetermined distance, for example of the order of five millimeters in the direction of the marking head 10. The container 100 comes to bear on the rollers 41-44 and is moved in the direction of the marking head 10, thanks to the degree of freedom of the carriages turrets 60 and 70 along the axes X60 and X70 parallel to the axis X10. After this movement, the support system 30 defines a reference position for the container 100 along the axis X10, prior to the application of the marking force F10. More specifically, the reference position is defined by the rollers 41-44. Preferably, during the marking, the device 32 exerts on the base 50 a force opposite to the force F10, so as to maintain the reference position defined by the rollers 41-44.
As shown in
The description provided herein with reference made to the block 40A including the rollers 41 and 42 also applies to block 40B including the rollers 43 and 44. The roller 43 is rotatable relative to its support piece 47 about a horizontal axis Y43. The roller 44 is rotatable relative to its own support piece 47 about a horizontal axis parallel to the axis Y43. The center to center spacing between the rollers 43 and 44 is constant during the marking and adjustable when the machine 1 is not in operation. In other words, each block 40A and 40B includes a pair of rollers, respectively 41-42 and 43-44, a pair of bearings 45, shafts 46 and support pieces 47, as well as a single platen 48 flanked by two lateral bars 49.
The base 50 comprises a stack of platens 51 and 52, a rail 53 and a recirculating ball bearing guide 54. The platen 51 is a single, while the elements 52, 53 and 54 are arranged in each block 40A and 40B. The ball bearings of the recirculating guide 54 are not shown in the cross sectional plane in
As shown in
Moreover, the support system 30 may have an additional degree of freedom along the front-rear direction defined parallel to the axes Y20, Y60 and Y70. In this case, each block 40A and 40B or at least one of them is also movable relative to the base 50 along this front-rear direction. For this purpose, additional backlash means, for example of the spring type are disposed between the base 50 and the block 40A and/or 40B. In other words, the backlash for the rollers 41-44 is thus possible along two horizontal directions perpendicular to the vertical direction defined by the marking axis X10.
The marking method according to the invention is detailed here below.
Firstly, the method comprises a step a) of loading a container 100 in the positioning system 20, via the feeding system 5. The positioning system 20 includes at least one carriage turret 60 and/or 70, preferably at least one pair of carriage turrets 60 and 70. The first carriage turret 60 is provided with a tailstock 61 being lodged in the neck 101 of the container 100, while the second carriage turret 70 is provided with a catch bottom 71 for holding the container 100 opposite the neck 101.
The method also includes a step b) of positioning the container 100 in front of the marking head 10 via the positioning system 20. At this stage, the container 100 is positioned generally along the axis Y70 defined by the bottom 71, perpendicular to the axis X10. The container 100 is interposed between the marking head 10 and the support system 30 comprising at least two rollers 41-44, which are adapted to receive the container 100 bearing on it during its marking. When the container 100 is positioned facing the marking head 10 by at least one carriage turret 60 and/or 70, this or each carriage turret has a degree of freedom along a direction parallel to the axis X10. These directions are respectively defined by the axes X60 and X70.
The method then comprises a step c) of marking consisting in applying the marking force F10 along the axis X10 on the container 100 via the marking head 10 and, at the same time, compensating for the defects in shape of the container 100 via the means 36 of backlash in a direction parallel to the axis Z30. A tape or label 16 is interposed between the marking head 10 and the container 100. The marking force F10 is applied by one of the rollers 18 or 19 made of silicone, whose flexibility allows it to absorb a part of the defects in shape of the container 100 and the marking force F10, without changing the position of the container 100. The axis of backlash Z30 is perpendicular to the axes X10 and Y70. In practice, the backlash means 36 are provided to the support system 30 and/or the at least one carriage turret 60 and/or 70. In the case where backlash means 36 are provided to the support system 30, they permit a linear displacement of the support rollers 41-44 along the direction parallel to the axis Z30. In the case where the backlash means 36 are provided to at least one of the carriage turrets 60 and 70, they permit a linear displacement of the tailstock 61 and/or of the bottom 71 along the direction parallel to the axis Z30.
The method comprises finally a step d) of unloading of the marked container 100 out of positioning system 20, then out of the machine 1.
Moreover, the machine 1 may be shaped differently from the
By way of a variant not shown, each transport station belonging to the positioning system 20 may comprise a single carriage turret 100 for transporting an article 100. In this case, during the marking, the container 100 can be supported by this single carriage turret, or even be held by an additional carriage turret. In other words, each transport and marking station may comprise a means for supporting a single end of the container 100, or indeed a pair of means for supporting the ends of the container 100.
According to another variant not shown, the machine 1 may include a single marking station. In this case, the positioning system 20 includes a single carriage turret 60 and/or 70 or a single pair of carriage turrets 60 and 70. The platen 21 includes a single carriage turret 60 and/or the platen 22 includes a single carriage turret 70.
Preferably, the machine 1 comprises at least two marking stations with at least two pairs of carriage turrets 60 and 70. In this case, each pair of carriage turrets 60 and 70 constitutes a marking station for a container 100 independently of the other pairs of carriage turrets. In the example in
According to another variant not shown, the carriage turrets 60 and 70 of each pair or of at least some pairs may be connected by one or more mechanical members, for example a bar. In other words, the rotation of the carriage turrets 60 and 70 around the axis Y20 is synchronized by mechanical connection. In this case also, when the container 100 is positioned facing the marking head 10 by the pair of carriage turrets 60 and 70, each carriage turret 60 and 70 of this pair has a degree of freedom in a direction parallel to the axis X10.
According to another variant not shown, the front carriage turret 60 can be provided with a bottom 71 and with a device for driving the rotation of the bottom 71, while the rear carriage turret 70 is provided with a tailstock 61 and with a damping device. Preferably one of the carriage turrets 60 and 70 has a degree of freedom along the front-rear direction, in a manner so as to compensate for the defects in the length of the container 100.
According to another variant not shown, the means for supporting the ends of container 100 may be configured differently with a tailstock 61 and a bottom 71.
According to another variant not shown, in replacement of the system 15 for dispensing of tape 16, the machine 1 according to the invention can be equipped with a system for dispensing label to be affixed to the container 100 under the action of the marking head 10.
According to another variant not shown, the support system 30 may comprise a single movable block 40A supported by the base 50, as well as with backlash means 36 interposed between the block 40A and the base 50. The movable block 40A may include one or more pairs of rollers fixed to each other and movable relative to the base 50 thanks to the backlash means 36.
According to another variant not shown, the axis X10 of the marking head 10 may be positioned horizontally, while axis Y20 of the positioning system 20 is arranged vertically.
According to another variant not shown, the axis X10 of the marking head 10 and the axis Y20 of the positioning system 20 are both arranged vertically. For example, the positioning system 20 may be configured as a horizontal disk on which the axis A100 of the container 100 is oriented horizontally.
According to another variant not shown, the machine 1 may include a linear transport and positioning system instead of the pivoting transport and positioning system 20 shown in
According to a variant, not shown, within the transport and positioning system 20, each of the pneumatic cylinders 68 and 78 may be replaced by a pair of opposing springs, according to an arrangement similar to that of the springs 36 in the support system. This variant is particularly applicable to a machine with transport of containers in a horizontal plane, in a linear manner or on a platen with vertical axis.
According to another variant not shown, the system 20 does not permit the transport of containers 100 from one zone of the machine 1 to another, but only the positioning of the containers 100 in front of the marking head 10, with the help of a carriage turret 60 and/or 70 or a pair of carriage turrets 60 and 70. In this case, the containers may be positioned and unloaded manually from the positioning system 20 comprising at least one carriage turret 60 and/or 70.
According to another variant not shown, the machine 1 may be adapted for marking faceted articles, having a generally polygonal cross section. In this case, the marking head 10 may be equipped with a flat plate, suitable for marking a facet that is generally planar, rather than a cylindrical roller. The support system 30 and the bottom 71 are specifically adapted to receive the article with facets. For example, the system 30 may include a specific number of pairs of rollers 41-44 and/or 41-44 these rollers may have a specific arrangement, corresponding to the particular form of the faceted article. The positioning system 20 does not necessarily include means for driving the rotation of the bottom 71.
According to another variant not shown, the machine 1 may be adapted for the marking of articles of parallelepiped shape, having a generally square or rectangular cross section. The cylindrical roller 18 is made to roll on a planar surface of the article. The support system 30 and the bottom 71 are specifically adapted to receive this article. The positioning system 20 does not necessarily include means for driving the rotation of the bottom 71.
According to another variant not shown, the machine 1 may be adapted for marking articles with oval or conical cross section. The marking head 10 may be provided with a plate comprising a rigid metal base and a peripheral part made of silicone, which has a profile specially adapted to the particular shape of the article. The support system 30 and the bottom 71 are specifically adapted to receive this article.
According to another variant not shown, the positioning system 20 may comprise a carriage turret, in particular at least one of the independent carriage turrets 60 and 70 of the same pair, which is provided with horizontal backlash means. In this case, the support system 30 cannot be provided with horizontal backlash means.
Whatever be the embodiment, the support system 30 and/or the at least one carriage turret 60 and/or 70 includes backlash means along a direction parallel to the axis Z30, which is perpendicular to the axes X10 and Y70 in order to compensate for defects in shape and form of the article 100 during the application of the marking force F10.
Moreover, the technical characteristics of the various embodiments and variants proposed here above may, with respect to all or some of them, be combined. Thus, the machine 1 may be suitably adapted in terms of cost, functionality and performance.
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