Patent Application
20240208281
The present invention relates to a machine for the insertion/removal of toroids into/from wheels of special vehicles, particularly of the military vehicle type.
As is well known, the toroid is a specific supporting body that, when installed inside the wheels of special vehicles, allows the latter to move even with flat and/or punctured tires and thus to reach the nearest workshop, skipping a possible dangerous situation.
In this regard, it is well known that both the installation and the removal of the toroid into/from the wheels of special vehicles are operations marked by high executive complexity and particularly long work timelines.
This fact is not surprising when one considers that the wheels of special vehicles have quite considerable size and stiffness, which in practice result in major obstacles against the performance of the aforementioned operations.
What's more, it should be kept in mind that, typically, the insertion/removal of the toroid into/from the tire is carried out completely manually, e.g. by the passengers of the special vehicles themselves, and through the use of tools of rather rudimentary construction.
It is evident to appreciate that such a working methodology, in addition to exacerbating the drawbacks discussed above, also poses a serious risk to the integrity of the wheel onto/from which the toroid is to be installed/removed, as well as to the safety of the users of such unsuitable tools.
In this regard, in order to fix at least part of the aforementioned drawbacks, machines are known which are specially designed to install/remove the toroid into/from the wheel.
These machines, differing from each other in structure and construction, share the common feature of having one or more tire gripping spindles, configured to block the tire in place, and a toroid insertion/removal assembly into/from the tire itself. In addition, the aforementioned machines also comprise deformation means of the toroid, e.g., of the type of hydraulic actuators, which are inserted by one or more operators inside the toroid itself for the purpose of giving the latter an elongated-ellipsoidal conformation that facilitates the insertion and removal thereof.
So, in order to remove the toroid from the wheel, the operators disassemble the tire from the rim and clamp the tire by means of the gripping spindles.
Having done so, once the deformation means have been inserted into the toroid, the insertion/removal assembly grabs the latter and, tugging it vigorously, pulls it repeatedly to itself; in this way, the toroid progressively comes out of the tire and is, finally, extracted from the same.
Similarly, to reinsert the toroid within the tire, the operators clamp the latter with the gripping spindles and place the deformation means inside them so that the toroid can be inserted inside the tire in the longitudinal direction.
At this point, the insertion/removal assembly is operated to grasp the tire, dilate the central hole thereof and forcefully push the toroid within the latter, gradually introducing it into the tire.
As the toroid is made to enter the tire, the insertion/removal assembly rotates the toroid itself with respect to the longitudinal insertion position, specifically arranging the outer surface thereof in contact with the inner perimeter of the tire.
It is evident to appreciate, at this point, how the use of the aforementioned machines may be flawed by major drawbacks that concern, first and foremost, their crude and inaccurate methodology of operation.
In fact, such well-known machines require numerous and complex manual interventions by the operators in order to remove/insert the toroid, with the risk of causing injuries to the latter (e.g., crushing their hands) and even endangering their own safety in case of sudden movements of the toroid or unexpected situations.
In this regard, it is worth reflecting on the fact that the force required to pull the toroid often results in the toroid being ejected out of the tire at the moment of its removal, with obvious and very high danger to workers in the vicinity.
This possibility turns out to be so frequent in practice that many purchasers of such well-known machines are forced to install protective barriers around the machine itself, thus greatly increasing the overall expense and dimensions.
Due to the lack of precision and repeatability of this procedure, moreover, workers must continuously and meticulously supervise the machine during its use, scrupulously checking its proper operation and proceeding with extreme caution during the entire insertion/removal process of the toroid.
These circumstances result, therefore, in the operations of removal/insertion of the toroid from/into the tire being quite time-consuming, thus ending up severely penalizing business production output.
Not least, such machines are not always able to insert/remove the toroid into/from the tire efficiently, often ending up damaging the latter, sometimes irreparably, in this attempt.
In sum, from what has been said so far it is easy to infer that known machines are flawed by problems quite similar to those that distinguish manual removal/insertion and that, therefore, even the latter do not allow any remedy for the drawbacks of the prior art previously complained of.
The main aim of the present invention is to devise a machine for the insertion/removal of toroids into/from wheels of special vehicles that is safe to use and does not require the direct intervention of workers to carry out the insertion/removal of the toroid into/from the wheels.
One object of the present invention is to devise a machine for the insertion/removal of toroids into/from wheels of special vehicles which allows the toroid to be removed/inserted from/into the wheel of a military vehicle in a precise, repeatable manner and in less time than the prior art mentioned above.
Another object of the present invention is to devise a machine for the insertion/removal of toroids into/from wheels of special vehicles that does not involve excessive stress on the tire and on the toroid during its own use.
Another object of the present invention is to devise a machine for the insertion/removal of toroids into/from wheels of special vehicles which can overcome the aforementioned drawbacks of the prior art within the framework of a simple, rational, easy and effective to use as well as affordable solution.
The aforementioned objects are achieved by this machine for the insertion/removal of toroids into/from wheels of special vehicles having the characteristics of claim 1.
Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the description of a preferred, but not exclusive, embodiment of a machine for the insertion/removal of toroids into/from wheels of special vehicles, illustrated by way of an indicative, yet non-limiting example, in the accompanying tables of drawings in which:
With particular reference to these figures, reference numeral 1 globally denotes a machine for the insertion/removal of toroids into/from wheels of special vehicles.
The machine 1 for the insertion/removal of toroids into/from wheels of special vehicles comprises, first of all, at least one base frame 2 for resting on the ground and gripping and retaining means 3 of a reinforced tire P associated with the base frame 2.
In this regard, it is specified that, in the context of this disclosure, “reinforced tire” means a tire specifically constructed to contain within it a supporting toroid such as, e.g., a military vehicle tire.
In other words, “reinforced tire” refers to any tire internally provided with a toroid or in which a toroid can be installed.
That being said, the gripping and retaining means 3 comprise at least one gripping and retaining structure 4 movable between a retaining configuration of the reinforced tire P (
As visible in
In particular, the gripping and retaining members 4a are associated with the base frame 2 in a rotatable manner, so they are rotated in a first way to be displaced from the release configuration to the retaining configuration and in a second way, opposite the previous one, to be displaced from the retaining configuration to the release configuration.
To fasten the reinforced tire P, it is, therefore, sufficient to arrange the gripping and retaining members 4a in the release position, place the reinforced tire P between them and move, at this point, the gripping and retaining members themselves from the release position to the retaining position.
In order to prevent an unexpected release of the reinforced tire P during the operation of the machine 1, the gripping and retaining means 3 comprise at least one blocking mechanism 5 associated with the gripping and retaining structure 4 and adapted to block the latter in the retaining configuration, thus preventing the transition thereof to the release configuration.
In particular, the blocking mechanism 5 can be selectively activated and deactivated.
In this way, it is possible to allow blocking the gripping and retaining structure 4 in the retaining configuration and the free movement of the gripping and retaining structure 4 between the retaining configuration and the release configuration, respectively.
Preferably, the blocking mechanism 5 is of the type of a cogwheel ratchet gear. So, in order to remove the reinforced tire P from the gripping and retaining means 3, it is sufficient to deactivate the blocking mechanism 5, arrange the gripping and retaining members 4a from the retaining position to the release position and move, at this point, the reinforced tire P away from the machine 1.
In addition, the machine 1 comprises at least one insertion/removal assembly 6 of a toroid T into/from the reinforced tire P.
According to the invention, the insertion/removal assembly 6 comprises deformation means 7 of the toroid T and close/away movement means 8 of the deformation means 7 for moving them close to/away from the gripping and retaining means 3 along a direction of close/away movement D.
Specifically, the deformation means 7 are extendable/compressible along a first vertical axis A1 and a second horizontal axis A2 between a configuration of vertical extension, wherein they are elongated along the first axis A1, an intermediate configuration, wherein they have a substantially circular conformation, and a configuration of horizontal extension wherein they are elongated along the second axis A2.
Specifically, the deformation means 7 have a substantially ellipsoidal conformation in the configuration of vertical extension and in the configuration of horizontal extension; in the former case, the major axis is aligned with the first axis A1, while in the latter case it is aligned with the second axis A2.
In this regard, the use of the expression “extendable/retractable” is intended to refer to the fact that:
In other words, the extension of the deformation means 7 along one of either the first axis A1 or the second axis A2 involves, at the same time, the compression of the deformation means 7 along the other of either the first axis A1 or the second axis A2.
The deformation means 7 are, in addition, rotatable around the first axis A1 between an aligned position, wherein the second axis A2 is substantially parallel to the direction of close/away movement D, and a transverse position, wherein the second axis A2 is substantially perpendicular to the direction of close/away movement D.
This means that the deformation means 7 are rotatable substantially by 90° around the first axis A1.
Conveniently, the insertion/removal assembly 6 is configured to be moved for the removal of the toroid T from the reinforced tire P among a plurality of operational positions comprising:
In contrast, the procedure to insert the toroid T into the reinforced tire P begins by placing the deformation means 7 inside the toroid itself.
In this sense, the insertion/removal assembly 6 is configured to be moved for the insertion of the toroid T into the reinforced tire P among a plurality of operational positions comprising:
It is important to specify that the fact of providing deformation means 7 operable to insert/remove the toroid T according to the mode of operation just described proves to be extremely advantageous in remedying the drawbacks of the prior art previously complained of.
First of all, such deformation means 7 do not require any manual intervention by the operators while operating the machine, thus drastically increasing the overall safety compared to the mentioned state of the art.
Again, the performance by the deformation means 7 of the work phases listed above gives the machine 1 high precision, reliability and repeatability of operation, resulting in greatly reducing the time required for the insertion/removal of the toroid T into/from the reinforced tire P and, therefore, increasing the production output of the machine 1 compared with known machines.
Last but not least, the accuracy of the machine 1 also allows lower stresses to be exerted on the toroid T and on the reinforced tire P, thus averting the possibility of damage to them during the operation of the machine 1.
Having specified these advantages, it is also specified that the deformation means 7 preferably comprise a plurality of articulated arms 7a mutually connected to each other and movable with respect to each other in the transition between the configuration of vertical extension, the intermediate configuration and the configuration of horizontal extension.
Specifically, the deformation means 7 comprise four articulated arms 7a.
Preferably, the articulated arms 7a are arranged in a lozenge pattern.
Different embodiments of the deformation means 7 cannot however be ruled out wherein, e.g., they comprise a different number of articulated arms 7a (e.g., eight) and/or wherein the latter are arranged differently (e.g., rectangular).
As for, however, the close/away movement means 8, they preferably comprise:
With reference to the procedure of removal of the toroid T from the reinforced tire P, the supporting body 8b is configured to shift along the direction of close/away movement D when the deformation means 7 are in the first position and in the sixth position.
More specifically:
Similarly, with reference to the procedure of inserting the toroid T into the reinforced tire P, the supporting body 8b is configured to shift along the direction of close/away movement D when the deformation means 7 are in the first position and in the sixth position.
More specifically:
Conveniently, the insertion/removal assembly 6 comprises movement means 9 associated with the deformation means 7.
Specifically, the movement means 9 are adapted to:
In accordance with the preferred embodiment shown in the figures, the movement means 9 comprise at least one pair of movement arms 9a with which the deformation means 7 are associated in a rotatable manner.
In particular, the movement arms 9a are movable in mutual close/away movement along the first axis A1.
Conveniently, the movement arms 9a are associated with the supporting body 8b. More specifically, the movement arms 9a are constrained to the supporting body 8b.
This means that the shift of the supporting body 8b along the direction of close/away movement D results in the shifts along the same direction of both the deformation means 7 and the movement means 9.
Referring to the procedure of removing the toroid T from the reinforced tire P, the movement arms 9a are moved one with respect to the other in the second position, in the fourth position and in the sixth position.
Specifically, the movement arms 9a are moved away from each other in the second position (where they arrange the deformation means 7 from the configuration of horizontal extension to the intermediate configuration) and in the fourth position (where they arrange the deformation means 7 from the intermediate configuration to the configuration of vertical extension).
Instead, the movement arms 9a are moved in mutual close movement in the sixth position (where they arrange the deformation means 7 from the configuration of vertical extension to the configuration of horizontal extension).
Through this sequence of actions it is, therefore, possible to remove the toroid T from the tire P in an effective, smooth and absolutely repeatable manner.
Similarly, in the procedure of insertion of the toroid T, the movement arms 9a are also moved the one with respect to the other in the second position, in the fourth position and in the sixth position.
Specifically, the movement arms 9a are moved in mutual away movement from each other in the second position (where they arrange the deformation means 7 from the configuration of horizontal extension to the configuration of vertical extension).
Instead, the movement arms 9a are moved in mutual close movement in the fourth position (where they arrange the deformation means 7 from the configuration of vertical extension to the intermediate configuration) and in the sixth position (where they arrange the deformation means 7 from the intermediate configuration to the configuration of horizontal extension).
Through this sequence of actions it is, therefore, possible to insert the toroid T into the tire P effectively, smoothly and absolutely repeatably.
Conveniently, the insertion/removal assembly 6 comprises lifting/lowering means, not shown in the figures, that are operationally associated with the deformation means 7 and are adapted to move the latter parallel to the first axis A1.
This makes it possible to adjust the height of the deformation means 7 by lifting and lowering them according to, e.g., the size of the reinforced tire P within which they are to be inserted.
This further allows increasing the versatility of the machine 1, which can, therefore, be used to insert and remove the toroids T into/from the reinforced tires P of even very different sizes.
It has in practice been ascertained that the described invention achieves the intended objects.
In particular, the fact is highlighted that the deformation means according to the invention make it possible to obtain a machine with perfectly safe use for the operators, in which no direct intervention by the operatores is required to carry out the insertion/removal of the toroid into/from the wheels.
This same expedient, among other things, makes it possible to remove/insert the toroid from/into the wheel of a military vehicle in a particularly precise and repeatable manner.
Still, this expedient also allows reducing the time required to complete these operations compared with the aforementioned prior art, thus increasing the production output of the machine.
Finally, the special operation of the insertion/removal assembly according to the invention allows the toroid to be inserted/removed into/from the tire absolutely accurately and precisely, that is, without resulting in any damage to either the tire or the toroid itself.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 102022000026691 | Dec 2022 | IT | national |
