Patent Grant
10184295
This patent disclosure relates generally to mining and construction equipment and, more particularly, to drilling equipment.
Construction and mining equipment and machinery often operates in terrain that can vary in pitch and work surface grades. In such terrain, it is often desirable to level a machine with respect to a reference plane, such as the horizon or an angled plane. Traditionally, leveling of machines, for example, mining equipment such as rotary drills, is accomplished using four leveling jacks connected to the main frame near the frame's corners. An operator will often achieve side-to-side leveling using, e.g., only the left and right rear jacks, and then use the left and right front leveling jacks to complete front-to-back leveling. During some leveling adjustments, however, the frame and other machine components can be exposed to unwanted stress and fatigue due to frame torsion and other forces. For example, if the rear leveling jacks are used to achieve side-to-side leveling, as discussed above, damaging frame twisting can occur and, in extreme cases, one or more of the leveling jacks can be lifted off the work surface.
Some previous attempts to address this problem use three leveling jacks instead of four, so that the frame is free to pivot about the single front leveling jack when side-to-side leveling is conducted by the rear leveling jacks. Such systems, however, may provide decreased stability as opposed to systems having a frame with four leveling jacks.
The disclosure describes, in one aspect, a machine comprising a frame including a front-right portion, a front-left portion, a rear-right portion, and a rear-left portion. The machine includes a first jack coupled with the front-right portion for raising or lowering the front-right portion, a second jack coupled with the front-left portion for raising or lowering the front-left portion, a third jack coupled with the rear-right portion for raising or lowering the rear-right portion, and a fourth jack coupled with the rear-left portion for raising or lowering the rear-left portion. The machine also includes a front jack leveling system operatively coupled with the first jack and the second jack. The front jack leveling system controls the first jack and the second jack such that a first movement of the first jack in a first direction corresponds to a second movement of the second jack in a second direction that is opposite from the first direction.
In another aspect, the disclosure describes a leveling assembly for a machine including a frame. The leveling assembly includes a first jack operatively coupled with the front-right portion for selectively raising or lowering a front-right portion of the frame, a second jack operatively coupled with the front-left portion for selectively raising or lowering a front-left portion of the frame, a third jack operatively coupled with the rear-right portion for selectively raising or lowering a rear-right portion of the frame, and a fourth jack operatively coupled with the rear-left portion for selectively raising or lowering a rear-left portion of the frame. The leveling assembly also includes a front jack leveling system operatively coupled with the first jack and the second jack. The front jack leveling system is also configured to control the first jack and the second jack such that a first movement of the first jack in a first direction corresponds to a second movement by the second jack in a second direction that is opposite from the first direction.
In yet another aspect, the disclosure describes a method of leveling a frame of a machine. The method includes providing a first jack operatively coupled with a front-right portion of the frame for selectively raising or lowering the front-right portion, a second jack operatively coupled with a front-left portion of the frame for selectively raising or lowering the front-left portion, a third jack operatively coupled with a rear-right portion of the frame for selectively raising or lowering the rear-right portion, and a fourth jack operatively coupled with a rear-left portion of the frame for selectively raising or lowering the rear-left portion. The method also includes coupling a front jack leveling system with the first jack and the second jack such that the front jack leveling system is configured to control the first jack and the second jack. The method also includes controlling the first jack and the second jack such that a first movement of the first jack in a first direction corresponds to a second movement of the second jack in a second direction that is opposite from the first direction.
This disclosure relates to an apparatus and methods for leveling a machine that avoids subjecting a machine frame to undue stress and fatigue due to torsion effects.
Leveling of the frame 102 can be achieved using a leveling assembly 200 that includes leveling jacks. The machine 100 includes four leveling jacks; specifically, a first jack 202, a second jack 204, a third jack 206, and a fourth jack 208. Though all four jacks are not visible in
In order to level the frame 102, each respective leveling jack can be extended and retracted to selectively raise and lower their respective portions of the frame. Specifically, the first jack 202 can extend and retract to raise and lower the front-right portion 122, the second jack 204 can extend and retract to raise and lower the front-left portion 124, the third jack 206 can extend and retract to raise and lower the rear-right portion 126, and the fourth jack 208 can extend and retract to raise and lower the rear-left portion 128.
As discussed above, the leveling jacks 202, 204, 206, 208 can cause the frame 102 to pivot substantially about a side-to-side axis 180 such that the front portion 116 of the frame moves up or down as the rear portion 114 of the frame pitches down or up, respectively. Such pivoting about the side-to-side axis 180 can be implemented to establish the pitch of the frame 102 as desired for a particularly application. A pitch arc 140 illustrated in
As illustrated in
In the embodiment illustrated in
The first and second jacks 202, 204 can include hydraulic chambers associated with the first valve system 252 and the second valve system 254, respectively. Specifically, the first jack 202 can include an upper hydraulic chamber 216 and a lower hydraulic chamber 218, and the second jack 204 can include an upper hydraulic chamber 220 and a lower hydraulic chamber 222. Hydraulic fluid can be pumped in and out of the hydraulic chambers as desired to extend and retract the first and second jacks 202, 204. For example, hydraulic fluid can be pumped into the upper hydraulic chamber 216 of the first jack 202 to extend the first jack and raise the front-right portion 122 of the frame 102, and hydraulic fluid can be pumped into the lower hydraulic chamber 218 of the first jack 202 to retract the first jack. It is contemplated, however, that other hydraulic configurations could succeed in extending and retracting the leveling jacks.
The front jack leveling system 250 also includes an upper hydraulic line 212 and a lower hydraulic line 214 that can run at least partially through the first and second valve systems 252, 254 and form fluid communication between the first and second jacks 202, 204. The hydraulic lines 212, 214 can be formed form a single, dedicated hose or other conduit, or can be made up of various conduit or hose segments partitioned with valves or other junctions. In the illustrated embodiment, the upper hydraulic line 212 forms fluid communication between the upper hydraulic chamber 216 of the first jack 202 and the upper hydraulic chamber 220 of the second jack 204, and the lower hydraulic line 214 forms fluid communication between the lower hydraulic chamber 218 of the first jack 202 and the lower hydraulic chamber 222 of the second jack 204. Additionally, the front jack leveling system 250 can include at least one upper front valve 224 disposed along the upper hydraulic line 212 that can open and close to selectively open and close fluid communication between the upper hydraulic chambers 216, 220 of the first and second jacks 202, 204. Similarly, at least one lower front valve 226 can be disposed along the lower hydraulic line 214 that can open and close to selectively open and close fluid communication between the lower hydraulic chambers 218, 222 of the first and second jacks 202, 204. Although only a single upper front valve 224 and a single lower front valve 226 is shown in
When the upper and lower front valves 224, 226 are open to allow fluid communication between the upper hydraulic chambers 216, 220 of the respective first and second jacks 202, 204 and between the lower hydraulic chambers 218, 222 of the respective first and second jacks, the movements of the first and second jacks to extend and retract can correspond to one another such that the frame 102 can pivot evenly about the front-to-back axis 170. For example, when the first jack 202 retracts, at least a portion of the hydraulic fluid in the upper hydraulic chamber 216 of the first jack is pushed through the upper hydraulic line 212 and into the upper hydraulic chamber 220 of the second jack 204 as the second jack is allowed to simultaneously extend. At the same time, as the second jack 204 extends, at least a portion of the hydraulic fluid in the lower hydraulic chamber 222 of the second jack is pushed through the lower hydraulic line 214 and into the lower hydraulic chamber 218 of the first jack 202 as the first jack simultaneously retracts. Similarly, when the first jack 202 extends, hydraulic fluid is allowed to move from the lower hydraulic chamber 218 of the first jack into the lower hydraulic chamber 222 of the second jack as the second jack simultaneously retracts, and hydraulic fluid is allowed to move from the upper hydraulic chamber 220 of the second jack to the upper hydraulic chamber 216 of the first jack. Thus, when the upper and lower front valves 224, 226 are open to allow fluid communication between the respective upper and lower hydraulic chambers of the first and second jack as described, a first movement by the first jack 202 in a first direction corresponds to a second movement by the second jack 204 in a second direction that is opposite to the first direction. Such corresponding movements by the first and second jacks 202, 204 can allow the front end 116 of the frame 102 to pivot about the front-to-back axis 170 as if only a single jack was present centrally located along the front-to-back axis. Though not shown in the figures, it is contemplated that the leveling assembly can additionally include a rear jack leveling system substantially identical to the front jack leveling system 250 for controlling extension and retraction of the third and fourth jacks 206, 208.
As also shown schematically in
The control unit 260 can also control, either manually or automatically, the opening and closing of the upper front valve 224 and the lower front valve 226 to open or close fluid communication between the first and second jacks 202, 204 along the upper and lower hydraulic lines 212, 214. In some embodiments, the control unit 260 is configured to automatically open both the upper front valve 224 and the lower front valve 226 whenever the rear controls 264 are activated by an operator or during an automatic leveling procedure, or when either of the third jack 206, the fourth jack 208, or both, are moving. In such an embodiment, whenever the rear controls 264 are active in controlling either the third jack 206, the fourth jack 208, or both the third and fourth jacks, fluid communication exists between the respective upper hydraulic chambers 216, 220 of the first and second jacks 202, 204 and between the respective lower hydraulic chambers 218, 222 of the first and second jacks. Conversely, when the rear controls 264 are not active, i.e., neither the third jack 206 nor the fourth jack 208 are moving, the control unit 260 is configured to automatically close the upper front valve 224 and the lower front valve 226, closing fluid communication between the first and second jacks 202, 204. Thus, when the rear controls 264 are active, the fluid communication between the first and second jacks 202, 204 allows for the front-right 122 and front-left 124 portions of the frame 102 to freely pivot about the front-to-back axis 170. When the rear controls 264 are not acting to extend or contract either the third jack 206 or the fourth jack 208, the first and second jacks 202, 204 can operate in tandem, independent of one another, or in any other suitable manner.
The control unit 260 of this disclosure may be of any conventional design having hardware and software configured to perform the calculations and send and receive appropriate signals to perform the engagement logic. The control unit 260 may include one or more controllers, and may be configured solely to perform the engagement strategy, or to perform the engagement strategy and other processes of the machine 100. The controller unit 260 may be of any suitable construction, however in one example it comprises a digital processor system including a microprocessor circuit having data inputs and control outputs, operating in accordance with computer-readable instructions stored on a computer-readable medium. Typically, the processor will have associated therewith long-term (non-volatile) memory for storing the program instructions, as well as short-term (volatile) memory for storing operands and results during (or resulting from) processing.
The arrangement disclosed herein has universal applicability in various other types of machines. The term “machine” may refer to any machine that performs some type of operation associated with an industry such as mining, construction, farming, transportation, or any other industry known in the art. For example, the machine may be a mining machine, such as a rotary drill, or an earth-moving machine, such as a wheel loader, excavator, dump truck, backhoe, motor grader, material handler or the like. Moreover, an implement may be connected to the machine. Such implements may be utilized for a variety of tasks, including, for example, drilling, loading, compacting, lifting, brushing, and include, for example, drills, buckets, compactors, forked lifting devices, brushes, grapples, cutters, shears, blades, breakers/hammers, augers, and others.
The industrial application of the machine leveling assembly and methods described herein should be readily appreciated from the foregoing discussion. The present disclosure may be applicable to any type of machine with a frame that is leveled using at least four leveling jacks. It may be particularly useful in machines that are used one uneven terrain and when it is desirable to orient the machine frame in a particularly manner.
The disclosure, therefore, may be applicable to many different machines and environments. One exemplary machine suited to the disclosure is rotary drill. Rotary drills are often utilized in mining operations where the terrain upon which the machine rests is uneven. However, in order to align the drill to effectively bore a hole in the work surface, it can be desirable to properly level the frame of the rotary drill machine. Leveling a rotary drill having the features disclosed herein has certain advantages. For example, in some applications, the third and fourth jacks 206, 208 are used to pivot the frame 102 about the front-to-back axis 170 to set the desired roll of the frame 102. In the disclosed machine 100, the first and seconds jacks 202, 204 are controlled as disclosed above such that a movement of the first jack in a first direction corresponds to a second movement of the second jack in an opposite direction, particularly when the third and fourth jacks 206, 208 are being activated. Thus, for example, when the third jack 206 is controlled to raise the rear-right portion 126 of the frame 102, the front-right portion 122 of the frame is free to move without being restricted by the first jack 202. Instead, the front end 116 of the frame 102 can freely pivot about the front-to-back axis 170 and, in the process, avoid excess torsion and twisting forces on the frame that can add to frame stresses and fatigue. The front end 116 of the frame 102 pivots as if only a single, centrally located jack were connected to the front end of the frame. Once the third and fourth jacks 206, 208 have finished adjusting the desired roll of the frame 102, the front jack leveling system 250 can de-couple the first and second jacks 202, 204 so that the first and second jacks no longer make corresponding first and second equal and opposite movements. Thus, a machine featuring the leveling assembly 200 described herein has the advantage of applying less stress to the frame during leveling due to a simulated, centrally located single front jack, while benefiting from the added stability of two jacks at the front end of the frame. Such reduced stresses in the frame can enable the frame to be made from less material, thus increasing efficiency and saving resources.
In one exemplary embodiment according to the above disclosure, the frame 102 is leveled as illustrated in the flow chart 300 in
Further, the methods and assemblies above can be adapted to a large variety of machines. For example, other types of industrial machines, such as backhoe loaders, compactors, feller bunchers, forest machines, industrial loaders, wheel loaders and many other machines can benefit from the methods and systems described.
It will be appreciated that the foregoing description provides examples of the disclosed system and technique. However, it is contemplated that other implementations of the disclosure may differ in detail from the foregoing examples. All references to the disclosure or examples thereof are intended to reference the particular example being discussed at that point and are not intended to imply any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure more generally. All language of distinction and disparagement with respect to certain features is intended to indicate a lack of preference for those features, but not to exclude such from the scope of the disclosure entirely unless otherwise indicated.
Recitation of ranges of values herein are merely intended to serve as a shorthand method of referring individually to each separate value falling within the range, unless otherwise indicated herein, and each separate value is incorporated into the specification as if it were individually recited herein. All methods described herein can be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context.
Accordingly, this disclosure includes all modifications and equivalents of the subject matter recited in the claims appended hereto as permitted by applicable law. Moreover, any combination of the above-described elements in all possible variations thereof is encompassed by the disclosure unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context.
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