BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a machine tool and a method of handling a machine tool.
Discussion of the Background
A machine tool provided with a cover is known.
As a related technique, JP 8-155782 A discloses a splash guard device of a machine tool. The splash guard device recited in JP 8-155782 A includes a center cover covering a front surface of a center of a table, a left cover covering a left side surface of the table, and a right cover covering a right side surface of the table. The splash guard device is dividable in three ways into the center cover, the left cover, and the right cover. The dividability of the splash guard device makes the splash guard device easy to transport.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to one aspect of the present invention, a machine tool includes a table, a tool support, a mover, a first wall, a first cover, and a first support. The table is configured to support a workpiece and configured to move in a first direction and a second direction opposite to the first direction. The tool support is configured to support a tool with which the workpiece is machined. The mover is configured to move the table in the first direction and the second direction. The first wall has a first opening and is provided on a side of the first direction with respect to the tool support. The first cover protrudes from the first wall in the first direction through the first opening. The first support supports the first cover such that the first cover is rotatable around an axis of the first support.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a method of handling a machine tool includes providing the machine tool. The machine tool includes a table configured to support a workpiece and configured to move in a first direction and a second direction opposite to the first direction; a tool support configured to support a tool with which the workpiece is machined; a mover configured to move the table in the first direction and the second direction; a first wall having a first opening and provided on a side of the first direction with respect to the tool support; a first cover protruding from the first wall in the first direction through the first opening; and a first support supporting the first cover such that the first cover is rotatable around an axis of the first support between a first position and a second position. The method further includes retaining the first cover at the second position at which an amount of protrusion of the first cover from the first wall toward the first direction is equal to a second amount of protrusion; transporting the machine tool in a state in which the first cover is retained at the second position; installing the transported machine tool at an installment site; rotating the first cover from the second position to the first position at which the first cover closes the first opening of the first wall and at which the amount of protrusion of the first cover is equal to a first amount of protrusion, the second amount of protrusion being smaller than the first amount of protrusion; and retaining the first cover at the first position.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
A more complete appreciation of the present disclosure and many of the attendant advantages thereof will be readily obtained as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a machine tool according to a first embodiment, schematically illustrating the machine tool;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the machine tool according to the first embodiment, schematically illustrating the machine tool;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the machine tool according to the modification of the first embodiment, schematically illustrating the machine tool;
FIG. 4 is a front view of a machine tool according to a second embodiment, schematically illustrating the machine tool;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the machine tool according to the second embodiment, schematically illustrating the machine tool;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the machine tool according to the second embodiment, schematically illustrating the machine tool;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the machine tool according to the second embodiment, schematically illustrating the machine tool;
FIG. 8 is a top view of the machine tool according to the second embodiment, schematically illustrating main configurations of the machine tool;
FIG. 9 is a side view of the machine tool according to the second embodiment, schematically illustrating main configurations of the machine tool;
FIG. 10 is a top view of the machine tool according to the second embodiment, schematically illustrating main configurations of the machine tool;
FIG. 11 is a front view of the machine tool according to the second embodiment, schematically illustrating the machine tool;
FIG. 12 is a front view of the machine tool according to the second embodiment, schematically illustrating the machine tool;
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a first support member and a first cover, schematically illustrating a state in which the first support member supports the first cover;
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the first support member and the first cover, schematically illustrating a state in which the first support member supports the first cover;
FIG. 15 is an enlarged view of a part indicated by circle D1 in FIG. 13;
FIG. 16 is an enlarged view of a part indicated by circle D2 in FIG. 14;
FIG. 17 is an enlarged view of a part indicated by circle D3 in FIG. 14;
FIG. 18 is a perspective view of the machine tool, schematically illustrating some parts of the machine tool;
FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the machine tool, schematically illustrating some parts of the machine tool;
FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the machine tool, schematically illustrating some parts of the machine tool;
FIG. 21 schematically illustrates a state in which a transporting step is being performed; and
FIG. 22 is an example flowchart of a method, according to an embodiment, of handling a machine tool.
DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
By referring to the accompanying drawings, description will be made with regard to a machine tool 1 according to an embodiment and with regard to a method, according to an embodiment, of handling the machine tool 1. It is noted that in the following description of the embodiments, identical reference numerals are used to denote identical portions, members, or components having identical functions, and redundant description of identical portions, members, or components will be eliminated or minimized.
Definitions of Directions
In this specification, the terms “upward”, “up”, and “above” each refer to a direction oriented upward, from a lower portion, and the terms “downward”, “down”, and “below” each refer to a direction oriented downward, from an upper position. In this specification, the term “side” refers to a lateral direction (in other words, a direction other than “upward”, “up”, “above”, “downward”, “down”, and “below”).
First Embodiment
By referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, a machine tool 1A according to a first embodiment will be described. FIGS. 1 and 2 each are a cross-sectional view of the machine tool 1A according to the first embodiment, schematically illustrating the machine tool 1A. It is to be noted that FIG. 1 illustrates a state in which a first cover 6 is positioned at a first position P1, and FIG. 2 illustrates a state in which the first cover 6 is positioned at a second position P2. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the machine tool 1A according to a modification of the first embodiment, schematically illustrating the machine tool 1A.
The machine tool 1A according to the first embodiment includes a table 2, a tool support 3, a mover 4, a first wall 51a, the first cover 6, and a first support member (an example of “a first support member”) 56a.
The table 2 supports a workpiece W (in other words, a to-be-worked object). In the example illustrated in FIG. 1, the table 2 is movable in a first direction DR1, and is movable in a second direction DR2, which is opposite to the first direction DR1. It is to be noted that the first direction DR1 is a direction in which the table 2 moves toward the first cover 6, and the second direction DR2 is a direction in which the table 2 moves away from the first cover 6. In the example illustrated in FIG. 1, the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2 each are a direction parallel to a horizontal direction.
The tool support 3 supports a tool T, which is for machining the workpiece W. The tool support 3 is movable in, for example, a direction parallel to a vertical direction.
The mover 4 moves the table 2. In the example illustrated in FIG. 1, the mover 4 is capable of moving the table 2 in the first direction DR1, and is capable of moving the table 2 in the second direction DR2.
The first wall 51a (in other words, a first side wall) is provided further in the first direction DR1 than the table 2. The first wall 51a has a first opening OP1. The first wall 51a protects the table 2 and/or the tool support 3 on one side (more specifically, on the first direction DR1 side).
The first cover 6 protrudes further in the first direction DR1 than the first wall 51a through the first opening OP1. The first cover 6 prevents scattering of chips, coolant, and other substances in the first direction DR1 beyond the first cover 6. The first cover 6 also protects the table 2 and/or the mover 4 on one side (more specifically, on the first direction DR1 side). As described later, the first cover 6 is rotatable or tiltable and, as such, can be referred to as “first tiltable cover”.
The first support member 56a supports the first cover 6 such that the first cover 6 is tiltable to decrease the amount of protrusion of the first cover 6 (the amount of protrusion in the first direction DR1) relative to the first wall 51a.
More specifically, the first support member 56a supports the first cover 6 while the first cover 6 is tilting from the first position P1 to the second position P2 (see FIG. 2). When the first cover 6 is positioned at the second position P2, the amount of protrusion by which the first cover 6 protrudes in the first direction DR1 relative to the first wall 51a is defined as second amount of protrusion A2 (see FIG. 2). When the first cover 6 is positioned at the first position P1, the amount of protrusion by which the first cover 6 protrudes in the first direction DR1 relative to the first wall 51a is defined as first amount of protrusion A1 (see FIG. 1). The second amount of protrusion A2 is smaller than the first amount of protrusion A1.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 1, when the first cover 6 is positioned at the first position P1, the first opening OP1 of the first wall 51a is closed by the first cover 6. Hence, the first position P1 can be referred to as closed position. In the example illustrated in FIG. 2, when the first cover 6 is positioned at the second position P2, the first cover 6 is partially housed in the second direction DR2 relative to the first wall 51a. Hence, the second position P2 can be referred to as housing position.
In the machine tool 1A according to the first embodiment, the first cover 6 can be caused to tilt in a direction in which the amount of protrusion of the first cover 6 is decreased relative to the first wall 51a. By decreasing the amount of protrusion of the first cover 6 in the first direction DR1 relative to the first wall 51a, the machine tool 1A as a whole is made compact in size (more specifically, size of the machine tool 1A during transportation). This configuration enables the machine tool 1A to be transported on general-purpose containers or smaller size transportation vehicles, and thus contributes to decarbonization and SDGs.
Also in the machine tool 1A according to the first embodiment, the first cover 6 is supported by the first support member 56a in a state in which the amount of protrusion of the first cover 6 relative to the first wall 51a is decreased. In other words, during transportation of the machine tool 1A, it is not necessary to remove the first cover 6 from the first support member 56a. As a result, after transportation of the machine tool 1A, the machine tool 1A can be assembled quickly and easily. More specifically, the first support member 56a serves as a fulcrum on which the first cover 6 tilts in the direction to increase the amount of protrusion. Thus, the first cover 6 is changeable in position from the second position P2 (in other words, from the housing position) to the first position P1 (in other words, to the closed position).
In the state in which the position of the first cover 6 is the first position P1, the first cover 6 protrudes further in the first direction DR1 than the first wall 51a. This makes the machine tool 1A larger in inner region. As a result, in the first embodiment, the machine tool 1A can be compact in size during transportation without compromising specifications of the machine tool 1A (such as the size of the table 2 and the movement stroke of the table 2 in a direction parallel to the first direction DR1).
As has been described hereinbefore, the first embodiment enables the machine tool 1A to be compact in size during transportation, ensures easiness in the assembly of the machine tool 1A, and enables specifications of the machine tool 1A to be maintained.
In the examples illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first cover 6 has a tilting axis AX. The tilting axis AX is parallel to a horizontal direction, and is provided at a lower end portion of the first cover 6. In the first embodiment (or in a second embodiment, described later), however, the tilting axis AX of the first cover 6 will not be limited to being parallel to the horizontal direction. The tilting axis AX of the first cover 6 also will not be limited to being provided at the lower end portion of the first cover 6. For example, as exemplified in FIG. 3, the tilting axis AX of the first cover 6 may be parallel to the vertical direction. In other words, the first cover 6 may be tiltable about an axis parallel to the vertical direction.
Second Embodiment
By referring to FIGS. 4 to 20, a machine tool 1B according to the second embodiment will be described. FIGS. 4 and 5 each are a front view of the machine tool 1B according to the second embodiment, schematically illustrating the machine tool 113. FIG. 4 illustrates a state in which the first cover 6 is positioned at the first position P1, and FIG. 5 illustrates a state in which the first cover 6 is positioned at the second position P2. FIGS. 6 and 7 each are a perspective view of the machine tool 1B according to the second embodiment, schematically illustrating the machine tool 113. FIG. 6 illustrates a state in which the first cover 6 is positioned at the first position P1, and FIG. 7 illustrates a state in which the first cover 6 is positioned at the second position P2. FIG. 8 is a top view of the machine tool 1B according to the second embodiment, schematically illustrating main configurations (excluding configurations such as the first cover 6, a second cover 7, and a wall 51) of the machine tool 113. FIG. 9 is a side view of the machine tool 1B according to the second embodiment, schematically illustrating the main configurations (excluding configurations such as the first cover 6, the second cover 7, and the wall 51) of the machine tool 113. FIG. 10 is a top view of the machine tool 1B according to the second embodiment, schematically illustrating the main configurations (excluding configurations such as the first cover 6, the second cover 7, and the wall 51) of the machine tool 1B. FIGS. 11 and 12 each are a front view of the machine tool 1B according to the second embodiment, schematically illustrating the machine tool 113. FIGS. 13 and 14 each are a cross-sectional view of the first support member 56a and the first cover 6, schematically illustrating a state in which the first support member 56a supports the first cover 6. FIG. 15 is an enlarged view of a part indicated by circle D1 in FIG. 13. FIG. 16 is an enlarged view of a part indicated by circle D2 in FIG. 14. FIG. 17 is an enlarged view of a part indicated by circle D3 in FIG. 14. FIGS. 18 to 20 each are a perspective view of the machine tool 1i, schematically illustrating some parts of the machine tool 1B. It is to be noted that in FIGS. 4, 5, 11, and 12, a part of the machine tool 1B (the part surrounded by a single-dashed elongated circle) is cut away to show an internal configuration of the machine tool 1B.
In the second embodiment, the following description will mainly focus on those respects in which the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment, and those respects already described in the first embodiment will not be described in the second embodiment to avoid redundancy. Thus, it will be readily appreciated that those respects that are not explicitly described in the second embodiment but are described in the first embodiment apply in the second embodiment.
As exemplified in FIG. 4, the machine tool 1B according to the second embodiment includes (1) the table 2, which supports a workpiece and is movable in the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2, which is opposite to the first direction DR1, (2) the tool support 3, which supports a tool for machining the workpiece, (3) the mover 4, which moves the table 2, (4) the first wall 51a, which is provided further in the first direction DR 1 than the table 2 and has the first opening OP1, (5) the first cover 6, which protrudes further in the first direction DR1 than the first wall 51a through the first opening OP1, and (6) the first support member 56a, which supports the first cover 6 such that the first cover 6 is tiltable to decrease the amount of protrusion of the first cover 6 relative to the first wall 51a.
With this configuration, the second embodiment provides effects similar to the effects of the first embodiment.
Optional Configurations
Next, by referring to FIGS. 4 to 20, optional configurations employable in the second embodiment will be described.
Change of Position of First Cover 6
In the examples illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7, the first cover 6 is changeable in position between the first position P1 (see FIG. 6) and the second position P2 (see FIG. 7). At the first position P1, the first opening OP1 of the first wall 51a is closed. At the second position P2, the amount of protrusion of the first cover 6 in the first direction DR1 relative to the first wall 51a is decreased. In the example illustrated in FIG. 7, when the first cover 6 is positioned at the second position P2, a part of the first opening OP1 of the first wall 51a is open, instead of being closed by the first cover 6.
When the first cover 6 is positioned at the second position P2 (see FIG. 5), the amount of protrusion by which the first cover 6 protrudes in the first direction DR1 relative to the first wall 51a is defined as second amount of protrusion A2 (in the example illustrated in FIG. 5, the second amount of protrusion A2 is zero, and thus there is no indication of “A2”). When the first cover 6 is positioned at the first position P1 (see FIG. 4), the amount of protrusion by which the first cover 6 protrudes in the first direction DR1 relative to the first wall 51a is defined as first amount of protrusion A1. In this case, in the examples illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5, the second amount of protrusion A2 is smaller than the first amount of protrusion A1.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 5, when the first cover 6 is positioned at the second position P2, the first cover 6 is entirely housed in the second direction DR2 relative to the first wall 51a. Alternatively, similarly to the example illustrated in FIG. 2, when the first cover 6 is positioned at the second position P2, one part of the first cover 6 may protrude further in the first direction DR1 than the first wall 51a, and the other part of the first cover 6 may be housed in the second direction DR2 relative to the first wall 51a. In other words, the second amount of protrusion A2 may be a value larger than zero and smaller than the first amount of protrusion A1.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 4, as indicated by a broken-line arrow B1, the first cover 6 is tiltable from the first position P1 toward the second position P2 to cross a workpiece machining region AR1. More specifically, while the first cover 6 is tilting from the first position P1 toward the second position P2, the first cover 6 crosses the workpiece machining region AR1 of the machine tool 1B. The workpiece machining region AR1 becomes a temporary unused region during transportation of the machine tool. In the examples illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5, the workpiece machining region AR1 can be utilized as a unused region in which the first cover 6 tilts to the second position P2. Thus, it is not necessary to provide a dedicated space or a dedicated movement passage for the tilting of the first cover 6. Also, for the first cover 6 to tilt, it is not necessary to withdraw any member from the movement passage of the first cover 6 or a smaller number of members needs to be withdrawn from the movement passage of the first cover 6.
It is to be noted that in this specification, the “workpiece machining region AR1” refers to a region that is a part of the region immediately above the table 2 and that is reachable by a tool supported by the tool support 3. It is also to be noted that in a case where the table 2 is movable in a horizontal direction, the region immediately above the table 2 refers to a region immediately above the entire movable range of the table 2.
Table 2
In the example illustrated in FIG. 8, the table 2 is movable in the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2, which is opposite to the first direction DR1. Additionally, the table 2 may be movable in a direction different from a direction parallel to the first direction DR1. In the example illustrated in FIG. 8, the table 2 is movable in a third direction DR3, which is perpendicular to the first direction DR1, and in a fourth direction DR4, which is opposite to the third direction DR3. It is to be noted that in the example illustrated in FIG. 8, in the first direction DR1, the second direction DR2, the third direction DR3, and the fourth direction DR4 are parallel to a horizontal direction.
Tool Support 3
In the example illustrated in FIG. 9, the tool support 3 includes a tool support member 31 and a support member mover 35. The tool support member 31 supports a tool. The support member mover 35 moves the tool support member 31. In the example illustrated in FIG. 9, the tool support member 31 is movable in directions parallel to the vertical direction (more specifically, in a vertically upward direction DR5 and a vertically downward direction DR6). The support member mover 35 moves the tool support member 31 in a direction parallel to the vertical direction. The support member mover 35 includes a linear guide 37 and a drive 38. The linear guide 37 guides the tool support member 31 to move in the directions parallel to the vertical direction. The drive 38 applies moving force to the tool support member 31. In the example illustrated in FIG. 9, the linear guide 37 is provided at a column 36. The column 36 is fixed to a base 91 of the machine tool 1, and is provided further in the third direction DR3 than the table 2.
Mover 4
In the example illustrated in FIG. 10, the mover 4, which moves the table 2, includes a table support member 41 and a first drive 43. The table support member 41 supports the table 2 in a manner in which the table 2 is movable in a direction parallel to the first direction DR1. The first drive 43 (for example, a motor) applies moving force to the table 2 in the direction parallel to the first direction DR1.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 10, the table support member 41 includes a first linear guide 42 (such as a first track). The first linear guide 42 guides the table 2 to move in the direction parallel to the first direction DR1. In this case, the table 2 is linearly movable along the first linear guide 42.
The first drive 43 includes, for example, a ball screw 431 and a motor 432. The motor 432 drives the ball screw 431 into rotation. Alternatively, the first drive 43 may include a linear motor.
As exemplified in FIG. 10, the mover 4, which moves the table 2, may include a first expandable-contractable cover 44a.
The first expandable-contractable cover 44a is provided on the first direction DR1 side relative to the table 2 to prevent foreign matter (such as workpiece chips, coolant, and other substances) from entering the space between the table 2 and the table support member 41. The first expandable-contractable cover 44a expands as the table 2 moves in the second direction DR2, and contracts as the table 2 moves in the first direction DR1. In order to cause the first expandable-contractable cover 44a to expand and contract as the table 2 moves, one end portion of the first expandable-contractable cover 44a may be mounted on the table 2, and another end portion of the first expandable-contractable cover 44a may be mounted on the table support member 41 or first aid tracks 45a. The first aid tracks 45a are fixed to the table support member 41.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 10, the mover 4, which moves the table 2, includes the first aid tracks 45a. The first aid tracks 45a aid the first expandable-contractable cover 44a in expanding and contracting in the direction parallel to the first direction DR1. In this case, the first expandable-contractable cover 44a smoothly expand and contract along the first aid tracks 45a.
As exemplified in FIG. 10, the mover 4, which moves the table 2, may include a second expandable-contractable cover 44b.
The second expandable-contractable cover 44b is provided on the second direction DR2 side relative to the table 2 to prevent foreign matter (such as workpiece chips, coolant, and other substances) from entering the space between the table 2 and the table support member 41. The second expandable-contractable cover 44b expands as the table 2 moves in the first direction DR1, and contracts as the table 2 moves in the second direction DR2. In order to cause the second expandable-contractable cover 44b to expand and contract as the table 2 moves, one end portion of the second expandable-contractable cover 44b may be mounted on the table 2, and another end portion of the second expandable-contractable cover 44b may be mounted on the table support member 41 or second aid tracks 45b. The second aid tracks 45b are fixed to the table support member 41.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 10, the mover 4, which moves the table 2, includes the second aid tracks 45b. The second aid tracks 45b aid the second expandable-contractable cover 44b in expanding and contracting in a direction parallel to the second direction DR2. In this case, the second expandable-contractable cover 44b smoothly expand and contract along the second aid tracks 45b.
As exemplified in FIG. 9, the mover 4, which moves the table 2, may include a second table support member 46 and a second drive 48. In the example illustrated in FIG. 9, the second table support member 46 supports, via the table support member 41, the table 2 in a manner in which the table 2 is movable in a direction parallel to the third direction DR3. The second drive 48 applies moving force to the table support member 41 in the direction parallel to the third direction DR3.
As exemplified in FIG. 10, the mover 4, which moves the table 2, may include a third expandable-contractable cover 49a and/or a fourth expandable-contractable cover 49b.
The third expandable-contractable cover 49a is provided on the third direction DR3 side relative to the table support member 41 to prevent foreign matter (such as workpiece chips, coolant, and other substances) from entering the space between the table support member 41 and the second table support member 46. The third expandable-contractable cover 49a expands as the table 2 and the table support member 41 move in the fourth direction DR4, and contracts as the table 2 and the table support member 41 move in the third direction DR3.
The fourth expandable-contractable cover 49b is provided on the fourth direction DR4 side relative to the table support member 41 to prevent foreign matter (such as workpiece chips, coolant, and other substances) from entering the space between the table support member 41 and the second table support member 46. The fourth expandable-contractable cover 49b expands as the table 2 and the table support member 41 move in the third direction DR3, and contracts as the table 2 and the table support member 41 move in the fourth direction DR4.
Position of First Cover 6 in Relation to Positions of Table 2 and Mover 4
In the example illustrated in FIG. 5, when the first cover 6 is positioned at the second position P2 (in other words, at the housing position), the first cover 6 is partially provided immediately above the table 2 and the mover 4 (for example, the first linear guide 42, which guides the table 2 to move, the ball screw 431, or other elements). In this case, at least a part of the workpiece machining region AR1, which exists immediately above the table 2 and the mover 4, can be utilized to partially or entirely house the first cover 6 further in the second direction DR2 than the first wall 51a.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 5, the first cover 6 positioned at the second position P2 contains at least one of a part of the mover 4 and a part of the table 2. Specifically, when the first cover 6 is positioned at the second position P2, at least one of a part 4p of the mover 4 and a part 2p of the table 2 is provided in an inner region AR2 of the first cover 6. In this case, when the first cover 6 is positioned at the second position P2, the inner region AR2 of the first cover 6 is effectively utilized. In the example illustrated in FIG. 5, the first cover 6 positioned at the second position P2 contains both the part of the mover 4 and the part of the table 2. Alternatively, the first cover 6 positioned at the second position P2 may contain one of the part of the mover 4 and the part of the table 2.
While the first cover 6 is tilting from the first position P1 to the second position P2, it is possible for the first cover 6 to interfere with a part of the mover 4. In this case, the part of the mover 4 that the first cover 6 may possibly interfere with is configured to be removable from a rest part of the mover 4.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 4, a part of the mover 4 (for example, at least a part of the first expandable-contractable cover 44a and/or at least a part of the first aid tracks 45a) is removed from the rest part, 4r, of the mover 4. In this case, the first cover 6 is caused to tilt from the first position P1 to the second position P2 in a state in which the part of the mover 4 is removed from the rest part of the mover 4. As exemplified in FIG. 11, the removed part, 4s, of the mover 4 is caused to be mounted on the rest part 4r of the mover 4 before the machine tool 1B is used. More specifically, in a state in which the first cover 6 is positioned at the first position P1, the part 4s of the mover 4 is provided in the inner region AR2 of the first cover 6.
As exemplified in FIG. 12, a part of the table 2 that has moved furthest in the first direction DR1 may be providable in the inner region AR2 of the first cover 6 positioned at the first position P1.
In a case where the part 4s of the mover 4 or a part of the table 2 is providable in the inner region AR2 of the first cover 6 positioned at the first position P1, the inner region AR2 can be used to expand the movable range of the table 2 in the direction parallel to the first direction DR1.
Additionally, as exemplified in FIG. 12, when the first cover 6 is positioned at the first position P1, a nozzle 93 may be provided in the inner region AR2 of the first cover 6. Through the nozzle 93, cleaning solution to wash away coolant attached to the first cover 6 is ejected.
First Support Member 56a
In the examples illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5, the first support member 56a supports the lower end portion, 6g, of the first cover 6 such that the first cover 6 is tiltable. In this case, when the first cover 6 tilts, the amount of movement of the lower end portion 6g of the first cover 6 is smaller than the amount of movement of an upper end portion 6e of the first cover 6. Also, in a case where the amount of movement of the lower end portion 6g of the first cover 6 is relatively small, the first cover 6 can be caused to tilt more easily in a manner to avoid interference between the lower end portion 6g of the first cover 6 and the table 2 and the mover 4.
In the examples illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5, the workpiece machining region AR1 exists immediately above the table 2 and the mover 4 of the machine tool 1B. By utilizing the workpiece machining region AR1, adverse effects caused by the relatively large amount of movement of the upper end portion 6e of the first cover 6 are not actualized. In other words, in the examples illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5, by utilizing the workpiece machining region AR1, the upper end portion 6e of the first cover 6 can be moved spaciously.
In the examples illustrated in FIGS. 13 and 14, the first support member 56a supports the first cover 6 (more specifically, the lower end portion 6g of the first cover 6) such that the first cover 6 is tiltable about a first axis AX1. An example of the first support member 56a is a pin member 561a. The pin member 561a supports the first cover 6 such that the first cover 6 is rotatable or tiltable. In the examples illustrated in FIGS. 13 and 14, the pin member 561a defines the first axis AX1, which is a tilting axis of the first cover 6. In the examples illustrated in FIGS. 13 and 14, the first axis AX1 is an axis parallel to a horizontal direction.
As exemplified in FIG. 15, the lower end portion 6g of the first cover 6 may include a first hook 60b. The first hook 60b is meshable and de-meshable with and from the pin member 561a. In a case where the first cover 6 includes the first hook 60b, the first cover 6 can be easily mounted, easily removed, or easily replaced. The first hook 60b also permits the first cover 6 to tilt about the pin member 561a. With this configuration, the first hook 60b makes the first cover 6 easily attachable and detachable to and from the pin member 561a without blocking the tilting of the first cover 6 about the pin member 561a. For example, in the example illustrated in FIG. 15 (in other words, in the state in which the first cover 6 is positioned at the second position P2), the lower end portion 6g of the first cover 6 can be lifted upward (for example, diagonally upward) to remove the first cover 6 from the pin member 561a. It is to be noted that since weight is acting on the first cover 6, the first cover 6 does not come off from the pin member 561a unless the first cover 6 is lifted upward.
Lower Fluid Leakage Guard 57
As exemplified in FIG. 16, the machine tool 1B may include a lower fluid leakage guard 57. The lower fluid leakage guard 57 is provided at the lower end portion 6g of the first cover 6. The lower fluid leakage guard 57 prevents a leakage of coolant to outside the machine tool through the gap between the lower end portion 6g of the first cover 6 and the first wall 51a.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 16, the lower fluid leakage guard 57 is attachable and detachable to and from the lower end portion 6g of the first cover 6. More specifically, the lower fluid leakage guard 57 is attached to the lower end portion 6g of the first cover 6 after the first cover 6 has tilted from the second position P2 (in other words, from the housing position) to the first position P1 (in other words, to the closed position to close the first opening OP1).
Upper Fluid Leakage Guard 58
As exemplified in FIG. 17, the machine tool 1B may include an upper fluid leakage guard 58. The upper fluid leakage guard 58 is provided at the upper end portion 6e of the first cover 6. The upper fluid leakage guard 58 prevents a leakage of coolant to outside the machine tool through the gap between the upper end portion 6e of the first cover 6 and the first wall 51a.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 13, the upper fluid leakage guard 58 is fixed to the upper end portion 6e of the first cover 6. In other words, when the first cover 6 tilts relative to the first support member 56a, the upper fluid leakage guard 58 tilts together with the first cover 6. As exemplified in FIG. 13, when the first cover 6 is positioned at the second position P2, the upper fluid leakage guard 58 is located away from the first wall 51a. As exemplified in FIG. 14, when the first cover 6 is positioned at the first position P1, the upper fluid leakage guard 58 is in contact with the first wall 51a.
Stopper 66
In the example illustrated in FIG. 14, the first cover 6 includes a hollow protrusion 65 and a stopper 66. The protrusion 65 protrudes in the first direction DR1 through the first opening OP1 of the first wall 51a. A tilting direction oriented from the second position P2 toward the first position P1 is defined as first tilting direction DR7. The stopper 66 prevents the first cover 6 from tilting in the first tilting direction DR7 past the first position P1. In other words, the stopper 66 defines a tilting limitation position for the tilting of the first cover 6 in the first tilting direction DR7.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 17, the upper fluid leakage guard 58 serves as a part of the stopper 66. In other words, the upper fluid leakage guard 58 serves as one member that defines the tilting limitation position for the tilting of the first cover 6 in the first tilting direction DR7.
First Cover 6
As exemplified in FIG. 14, the first cover 6 has an outer surface 60u and an inner surface 60n. The outer surface 60u is exposed to outside the machine tool. The inner surface 60n defines the inner region AR2 of the first cover 6. Also in the example illustrated in FIG. 14, the first cover 6 (more specifically, the outer surface 60u of the first cover 6) has a bottom surface 61s, an upper surface 62s, and a first end surface 631s, which is the first direction DR1 side face. The first end surface 631s is a part of a side surface 63s of the first cover 6. As exemplified in FIG. 6, the side surface 63s of the first cover 6 may have a surface 632s and surface 633s, in addition to the first end surface 631s. The surface 632s is the third direction DR3 side face. The surface 633s is the fourth direction DR4 side face, which is opposite to the third direction DR3 side face.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 14, a height of a position of the bottom surface 61s of the first cover 6 positioned at the first position P1 increases in the first direction DR1. In this case, the amount of protrusion of the first cover 6 in the first direction DR1 relative to the first wall 51a can be easily decreased. For example, when the first cover 6 is moved from the first position P1 to the second position P2 (see FIG. 13), causing the first cover 6 to tilt by an angle smaller than 90 degrees about the first axis AX1 suffices (more specifically, by an angle smaller than 75 degrees or an angle smaller than 60 degrees). In the example illustrated in FIG. 13, the first cover 6 is caused to tilt by an angle smaller than 90 degrees from the first position P1 toward the second position P2. This configuration ensures that an entire part of the first end surface 631s of the first cover 6 (or a majority part of the first end surface 631s) is housed in the second direction DR2 relative to the first wall 51a.
Also in a case where the height of the position of the bottom surface 61s of the first cover 6 increases in the first direction DR1, coolant that has reached the first cover 6 can be guided in the second direction DR2 along a bottom wall 61 of the first cover 6 (more specifically, an inner surface 61n of the bottom wall 61), as exemplified in FIG. 16 (see broken-line arrow B4). In other words, coolant scattering toward the first cover 6 can be collected using the inclination of the bottom wall 61 of the first cover 6.
As has been described hereinbefore, in a case where the height of the position of the bottom surface 61s of the first cover 6 increases in the first direction DR1, the first cover 6 can be easily housed, ensuring that coolant can be easily collected.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 16, the first cover 6 includes, as its component, a plurality of plate members (for example, a plurality of metal plates). In other words, a plurality of plate members are connected together to form the first cover 6.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 18, the first cover 6 includes a fixation member (an example of “a retainer”) 67. The fixation member 67 fixes the first cover 6 to the second position P2. In a case where the first cover 6 includes the fixation member 67, the machine tool 1B can be transported in a state in which the first cover 6 is fixed to the second position P2. In this case, the first cover 6 is prevented from rattling during transportation of the machine tool 1B.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 18, in a state in which the first cover 6 is positioned at the second position P2, the fixation member 67 is provided at a position where the fixation member 67 is accessible by a user through the first opening OP1 when the user is positioned further in the first direction DR1 than the first wall 51a (in other words, a position where the fixation member 67 is within reach of a hand of a user positioned outside the machine tool 1i). In this case, the user is able to fix the fixation member 67 to a structure member 11a of the machine tool 1B without entering the machine tool 1B. Also in the above case, the user is able to release the fixing of the fixation member 67 to the structure member 11a without entering the machine tool 1B. It is to be noted that in a state in which the first cover 6 is positioned at the second position P2, the fixation member 67 or a fixture member fixing the fixation member 67 to the structure member 11a is preferably visually recognizable through the first opening OP1 from a position further in the first direction DR 1 than the first wall 51a. In this case, the user is able to more easily fix the fixation member 67 or release the fixing of the fixation member 67 without entering the machine tool 113.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 18, the fixation member 67 is fixed to the structure member 11a via a fixture member (for example, via a bracket 82a and a bolt 81a). In the example illustrated in FIG. 19, the fixation member 67 has first holes 67h. The first holes 67h are each capable of receiving a connection member such as the bolt 81a.
Walls 51
In the example illustrated in FIG. 6, the machine tool 1B includes a plurality of walls 51. The plurality of walls 51 include the first wall 51a, which is provided on the first direction DR1 side of the machine tool 113; and the second wall 51b, which is provided at the second direction DR2 side of the machine tool 1B. The plurality of walls 51 may include a third wall 51c and a fourth wall 51d. The third wall 51c is provided on the third direction DR3 side of the machine tool 1B. The fourth wall 51d is provided on the fourth direction DR4 side of the machine tool 1B. Each of the first wall 51a, the second wall 51b, the third wall 51c, and the fourth wall 51d may be made up of a plurality of members. For example, the first wall 51a may include a plurality of plate members or a plurality of panels. Similarly, each of the second wall 51b, the third wall 51c, and the fourth wall 51d may include a plurality of plate members or a plurality of panels.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 6, the machine tool 1B includes a plurality of connection members 86 (for example, a plurality of bolts). The plurality of connection members 86 fix the first cover 6 positioned at the first position P1 to the first wall 51a. In the example illustrated in FIG. 7, the first wall 51a includes a plurality of second holes 51h. The plurality of second holes 51h respectively receive the plurality of connection members 86. In the example illustrated in FIG. 7, some of the plurality of second holes 51h are provided further in the third direction DR3 than the first opening OP1, and other of the plurality of second holes 51h are provided further in the fourth direction DR4 than the first opening OP1.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 7, the fourth wall 51d supports an openable-closable door 92. It is to be noted that in a case where the side on which the door 92 is provided is defined as front surface, the fourth wall 51d may be referred to as front wall. It is also to be noted that in a case where in plan view, the direction from the table 2 toward the column 36, which movably supports the tool support member 31, is defined as rearward, the third wall 51c may be referred to as rear wall. In the example illustrated in FIG. 7, the first cover 6 is provided at the first wall 51a, which is different from the rear wall.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 7, the machine tool 1B has at least four walls (the first wall 51a, the second wall 51b, the third wall 51c, and the fourth wall 51d). The machine tool 1B may have five or more walls.
Second Wall 51b, Second Cover 7, Second Support Member 56b
In the examples illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5, the machine tool 1B includes (1) the second wall 51b, which has a second opening OP2 and is provided further in the second direction DR2 than the table 2, (2) the second cover 7, which protrudes further in the second direction DR2 than the second wall 51b through the second opening OP2, and (3) a second support member 56b, which supports the second cover 7 such that the second cover 7 is rotatable to decrease the amount of protrusion of the second cover 7 relative to the second wall 51b. In the examples illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5, the position of the second cover 7 is changeable between a third position P3 and a fourth position P4. At the third position P3, the second cover 7 closes the second opening OP2 of the second wall 51b. At the fourth position P4, the amount of protrusion of the second cover 7 in the second direction DR2 relative to the second wall 51b is decreased.
The machine tool 1B includes the second cover 7 in addition to the first cover 6, which is rotatable in a direction toward the table 2. The second cover 7 is tiltable in the direction toward the table 2. In a case where the machine tool 1B includes the second cover 7 in addition to the first cover 6, the machine tool 1B can be more compact in size during transportation of the machine tool 1B.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 4, the second cover 7 is tiltable to cross the workpiece machining region AR1 from the third position P3 toward the fourth position P4 (see broken-line arrow B2). In this case, it is not necessary to provide a dedicated space or a dedicated movement passage for the tilting of the second cover 7.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 4, the second support member 56b supports a lower end portion 7g of the second cover such that the second cover is tiltable. In this case, it is easy for the second cover 7 to tilt to ensure that the lower end portion 7g of the second cover 7 does not interfere with the table 2 and the mover 4.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 4, the second cover 7 has a bottom surface 71s. A height of a position of the bottom surface 71s increases in the second direction DR2. In this case, the amount of protrusion of the second cover 7 in the second direction DR2 relative to the second wall 51b can be easily decreased. For example, when the second cover 7 is moved from the third position P3 to the fourth position P4 (see FIG. 5), causing the second cover 7 to tilt by an angle smaller than 90 degrees suffices.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 5, the second cover 7 positioned at the fourth position P4 contains at least one of a part of the mover 4 and a part of the table 2. In this case, when the second cover 7 is positioned at the fourth position P4, an inner region AR3 of the second cover 7 is effectively utilized.
As exemplified in FIG. 5, the second cover 7 positioned at the fourth position P4 may contain a part of the first linear guide 42, which guides the table 2 to move. Also as exemplified in FIG. 5, the second cover 7 positioned at the fourth position P4 may contain a part of the first drive 43, which moves the table 2 (for example, the motor 432 and a part of the ball screw 431).
In the example illustrated in FIG. 11, the second cover 7 positioned at the third position P3 contains a part of the mover 4 (for example, a part of the second expandable-contractable cover 44b and/or a part of the second aid tracks 45b). In this case, the movable range of the table 2 in a direction parallel to the second direction DR2 can be expanded using the inner region AR3 of the second cover 7 positioned at the third position P3.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 20, the second cover 7 includes a fixation member 77. The fixation member 77 fixes the second cover 7 to the fourth position P4. Also, in a state in which the second cover 7 is positioned at the fourth position P4, the fixation member 77 is provided at a position where the fixation member 77 is accessible by a user through the second opening OP2 when the user is positioned further in the second direction DR2 than the second wall 51b. The fixation member 77 is fixed to a structure member 11b via a fixture member (for example, a bracket 82b and a bolt 81b). It is to be noted that in a state in which the second cover 7 is positioned at the fourth position P4, the fixation member 77 or a fixture member fixing the fixation member 77 to the structure member 11b is preferably visually recognizable through the second opening OP2 from a position further in the second direction DR2 than the second wall 51b.
Method of Handling Machine Tool 1
By referring to FIGS. 1 to 22, a method, according to this embodiment, of handling the machine tool 1 will be described. FIG. 21 schematically illustrates a state in which a transporting step is being performed. FIG. 22 is an example flowchart of the method, according to this embodiment, of handling the machine tool 1.
At first step ST1, the machine tool 1 is prepared. First step ST1 is a preparing step. The machine tool 1 prepared in the preparing step may be the machine tool 1A according to the first embodiment, the machine tool 1B according to the second embodiment, or any other machine tool.
As exemplified in FIGS. 2, 5, and other figures, the machine tool 1 prepared in the preparing step includes (1) the table 2, which is configured to move in the first direction DR1 and support a workpiece, (2) the tool support 3, which supports a tool, (3) the mover 4, which moves the table 2, (4) the first wall 51a, which is provided further in the first direction DR 1 than the table 2, (5) the first cover 6, which is capable of protruding in the first direction DR1 through the first opening OP1 of the first wall 51a, and (6) the first support member 56a, supports the first cover 6 such that the first cover 6 is tiltable.
The first support member 56a supports the first cover 6 such that the first cover 6 is tiltable between the first position P1 and the second position P2. When the first cover 6 is positioned at the first position P1, the first opening OP1 of the first wall 51a is closed by the first cover 6. When the first cover 6 is positioned at the second position P2, the amount of protrusion of the first cover 6 in the first direction DR1 relative to the first wall 51a is decreased.
At second step ST2, the first cover 6 is fixed to the second position P2. Second step ST2 is a first fixing step. The first fixing step includes fixing the fixation member 67 of the first cover 6 (for example, the first holes 67h) to the structure member 11a of the machine tool 1 via a fixture member (see FIG. 18). The first fixing step is preferably performed by a user positioned further in the first direction DR1 than the first wall 51a. In other words, in a state in which the first cover 6 is positioned at the second position P2, the fixation member 67 is preferably provided at a position where the fixation member 67 is accessible by a user through the first opening OP1 when the user is positioned further in the first direction DR 1 than the first wall 51a. In this case, the user is able to fix the fixation member 67 to the structure member 11a of the machine tool 1 without entering the machine tool 1. It is to be noted that in a state in which the first cover 6 is positioned at the second position P2, the fixation member 67 or the fixture member fixing the fixation member 67 to the structure member 11a is preferably visually recognizable through the first opening OP1 from a position further in the first direction DR1 than the first wall 51a. In this case, the user is able to more easily fix the fixation member 67 to the structure member 11a of the machine tool 1 without entering the machine tool 1.
In a case where the machine tool 1 includes the second cover 7, the method of handling the machine tool 1 may include a step of fixing the second cover 7 to the fourth position P4 (see FIG. 20).
As exemplified in FIG. 21, at third step ST3, the machine tool 1 is transported. Third step ST3 is a transporting step. In the transporting step, the machine tool 1 is transported in a state in which the first cover 6 is fixed to the second position P2, at which the amount of protrusion of the first cover 6 in the first direction DR1 relative to the first wall 51a is decreased.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 21, the amount of protrusion of the first cover 6 in the first direction DR1 relative to the first wall 51a is decreased. This ensures that the machine tool 1 can be transported on a smaller size transportation vehicle V. For example, in the transporting step, a track can be used instead of a trailer. In the transporting step, the size of the machine tool 1 in a direction parallel to the first direction DR1 (more specifically, the width of the machine tool 1) may be 250 cm or less, 240 cm or less, or 230 cm or less.
The machine tool 1 may also be transported on a general-purpose 40-feet container or a general-purpose 20-feet container.
In a case where the machine tool 1 can be transported on a smaller size transportation vehicle or a general-purpose container, the amount of discharge of carbon dioxide discharged during transportation is decreased, and a worker's labor associated with transportation is saved.
In the transporting step, the first cover 6 fixed to the second position P2 preferably contains at least one of a part of the mover 4 and a part of the table 2 (see, if necessary, FIG. 5). In this case, the inner region AR2 of the first cover 6 is effectively utilized during transportation of the machine tool 1.
At fourth step ST4, the machine tool 1 transported at third step ST3 is provided at an installment site of the machine tool (for example, the inside of a building such as a factory). Fourth step ST4 is a providing step.
At fifth step ST5, the first cover 6 is caused to tilt in the first tilting direction DR7 from the second position P2 toward the first position P1 (see FIG. 5). Fifth step ST5 is a tilting step. In the tilting step, the first cover 6 is caused to tilt from the second position P2 to the first position P1 to increase the amount of protrusion of the first cover 6 in the first direction DR1 relative to the first wall 51a.
The tilting step preferably includes causing the first cover 6 to tilt to cross the workpiece machining region AR1. In a case where the workpiece machining region AR1 is utilized as the movement passage of the first cover 6, it is not necessary to withdraw any member from the movement passage of the first cover 6 or a smaller number of members needs to be withdrawn from the movement passage of the first cover 6.
In a case where the machine tool 1 includes the second cover 7, the method of handling the machine tool 1 may include causing the second cover 7 to tilt from the fourth position P4 to the third position P3 to increase the amount of protrusion of the second cover 7 in the second direction DR2 relative to the second wall 51b (see broken-line arrow B3 in FIG. 5).
At sixth step ST6, the first cover 6 is fixed to the first position P1. Sixth step ST6 is a second fixing step. The second fixing step includes fixing the first cover 6 to the first wall 51a. In the example illustrated in FIG. 6, the second fixing step includes fixing the first cover 6 to the first wall 51a via the connection members 86.
In a case where the machine tool 1 includes the second cover 7, the method of handling the machine tool 1 may include fixing the second cover 7 to the third position P3.
As exemplified in FIG. 5, at sixth step ST6 (more specifically, when the first cover 6 is caused to tilt in the first tilting direction DR7), there may be a case where a part of the mover 4 has been removed from the rest part 4r of the mover 4. In this case, at seventh step ST7, the part of the mover 4 is attached to the rest part 4r of the mover 4. Seventh step ST7 is an attaching step.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 11, the attaching step (seventh step ST7) includes attaching at least a part of the first expandable-contractable cover 44a and/or at least a part of the first aid tracks 45a to the rest part 4r of the mover 4. Additionally, the attaching step (seventh step ST7) may include attaching at least a part of the second expandable-contractable cover 44b and/or at least a part of the second aid tracks 45b to the rest part 4r of the mover 4.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 11, the part 4s of the mover 4 to be attached to the rest part 4r of the mover 4 is provided in the inner region AR2 of the first cover 6 positioned at the first position P1. Also, another part 4q of the mover 4 to be attached to the rest part 4r of the mover 4 is provided in the inner region AR3 of the second cover 7 positioned at the third position P3. In this case, utilizing the inner region AR2 of the first cover 6 or the inner region AR3 of the second cover 7 ensures that the movable range of the table 2 is expanded in the direction parallel to the first direction DR1.
The present invention will not be limited to the above-described and/or modifications; it will be appreciated that the embodiments may be modified or changed in any manner deemed convenient within the technical spirit and scope of the present invention. Also, the various techniques used in each of the embodiments and/or modifications are applicable in other embodiments and/or modifications insofar as no technical contradiction occurs. Further, the optional configurations in the embodiments and/or modifications may be omitted in any manner deemed convenient.
As used herein, the term “comprise” and its variations are intended to mean open-ended terms, not excluding any other elements and/or components that are not recited herein. The same applies to the terms “include”, “have”, and their variations.
As used herein, a component suffixed with a term such as “member”, “portion”, “part”, “element”, “body”, and “structure” is intended to mean that there is a single such component or a plurality of such components.
As used herein, ordinal terms such as “first” and “second” are merely used for distinguishing purposes and there is no other intention (such as to connote a particular order) in using ordinal terms. For example, the mere use of “first element” does not connote the existence of “second element”; otherwise, the mere use of “second element” does not connote the existence of “first element”.
As used herein, approximating language such as “approximately”, “about”, and “substantially” may be applied to modify any quantitative representation that could permissibly vary without a significant change in the final result obtained. All of the quantitative representations recited in the present application shall be construed to be modified by approximating language such as “approximately”, “about”, and “substantially”.
As used herein, the phrase “at least one of A and B” is intended to be interpreted as “only A”, “only B”, or “both A and B”.
Obviously, numerous modifications and variations of the present disclosure are possible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the present disclosure may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein.
Patent Application
20240326188
