1. Field of the Invention
The subject invention relates to firearms and more specifically to mechanisms that minimize fouling of firing components.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Firearms typically include a receiver that houses several working components of the firearm, including firing components, with a barrel extending from the receiver. There are various classes of firearms that operate in different manners. One class of firearm utilizes a bolt carrier disposed in the receiver that is movable between a firing position, from which a live round of ammunition can be fired, and a retracted position, from which a spent casing is ejected. The movement of the bolt carrier and ejection of the casing can be accomplished with a direct gas impingement or indirect gas impingement system. Examples of gas impingement type firearms include the M16, the M4®, such as the M4® carbine, and the AR-15®, such as the AR-15® Platform.
Firearms having the direct gas impingement system typically include an ejection port defined by the receiver. Direct gas impingement systems route exhaust gases back through the firearm to move the bolt carrier toward the retracted position. In particular, after firing the firearm, the direct gas impingement system routes exhaust gases, including any associated debris, from the barrel, back through a return tube to the bolt carrier, and out the ejection port of the receiver.
Firearms having the indirect gas impingement system do not route the exhaust gases back to the bolt carrier in an effort to reduce fouling caused by the exhaust gases that may occur with direct gas impingement type firearms. Instead, the exhaust gases are used to move a device, such as a piston, that engages the bolt carrier to move the bolt carrier toward the rearward position. However, this type of firearm is still susceptible to fouling of the firing components due to debris entering through the ejection port.
Some firearms include an ejection port door for covering the ejection port to prevent debris from entering the receiver and fouling the firing components. The ejection port door automatically opens in response to firing the firearm and/or charging the firearm, i.e. loading a live round into a chamber of the barrel. However, when the ejection port door opens during firing of the firearm, debris is able to enter the ejection port and foul the firing components, which potentially causes the firearm to jam or fail.
Therefore, there remains a need to develop a mechanism that minimizes or prevents debris from entering the ejection port and fouling the firing components.
The present invention provides for a firearm including a buttstock defining a first bore extending along a longitudinal axis and a receiver coupled to the buttstock. The receiver defines a second bore extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis and in fluid communication with the first bore. The receiver also defines an ejection port transverse to the longitudinal axis. The firearm further includes a bolt carrier disposed in the second bore and movable relative to the receiver along the longitudinal axis between a firing position and a rearward position. The firearm also includes an expulsion device at least partially disposed in the buttstock for flowing air through the first and second bores and out the ejection port as the bolt carrier moves between the firing and rearward positions.
The present invention further provides for a method of operating the firearm having the buttstock defining the first bore and the receiver coupled to the buttstock. The receiver defines an ejection port and a second bore in fluid communication with the first bore. The firearm further includes the bolt carrier disposed in the second bore and movable between the firing position and the rearward position. A piston is disposed in the first bore and defines a hole with a first valve attached to the piston adjacent the hole. The method includes the steps of firing the firearm and simultaneously moving the piston and the bolt carrier toward the rearward position after firing the firearm. The method further includes the steps of opening the first valve during movement of the piston and the bolt carrier toward the rearward position. The method also includes the step of directing air through the hole of the piston and the second bore of the receiver during movement of the piston and the bolt carrier toward the rearward position. The method also includes the step of expelling the air from the hole and the second bore out the ejection port of the receiver.
Additionally, the present invention provides for a magazine repair system for the firearm with the system including a plurality of rounds. The system further includes the receiver defining a void with a barrel attached to the receiver and defining a chamber for receiving the rounds. The magazine repair system includes the buttstock adapted to be coupled to the receiver and having an outer surface. A magazine for housing the rounds is adapted to selectively engage the void of the receiver. The magazine includes a top portion having a pair of tabs extending outwardly from the top portion for feeding the rounds into the chamber of the barrel. The magazine repair system further includes a guide member attached to the outer surface of the buttstock and configured to reform the tabs when the tabs are deformed relative to the top portion for properly positioning the tabs to permit proper feeding of the rounds into the chamber of the barrel.
Accordingly, the present invention defines a mechanism, in the form of an expulsion device, that expels air out of an ejection port during firing of a firearm for preventing debris from entering the ejection port and fouling the firing components, i.e. the action. In addition, the present invention provides for a magazine repair system for reforming a pair of tabs of a magazine when the tabs are deformed to properly position the tabs to permit proper feeding of a plurality of rounds into a chamber of a barrel.
Other advantages of the present invention will be readily appreciated, as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to the Figures, wherein like numerals indicate like or corresponding parts throughout the several views, a firearm 10 is generally shown in
The firearm 10 can be of a certain class of firearms 10 that utilize a direct gas impingement system or an indirect gas impingement system to eject a spent casing after firing the firearm 10. Examples of such types of firearms 10 include the M16, the M4®, such as the M4® carbine, and the AR-15®, such as the AR-15® Platform. However, it should be appreciated that the firearm 10 can be of any type without departing from the nature of the present invention. The firearm 10 described herein is designed to permit easy retro-fitting of the components to a variety of currently and/or previously manufactured firearm designs including direct gas impingement systems and indirect gas impingement systems. The indirect gas impingement system utilizes a piston assembly (not shown) for moving a bolt carrier 12 (see
Also referring to
A magazine 24, also referred to as a clip, is detachably mounted to the lower receiver portion 22 and can be loaded with a plurality of live rounds, as discussed further below. The firearm 10 further includes a trigger assembly 26 supported by the receiver 14. The trigger assembly 26 includes a trigger 28 and a hammer (not shown). The trigger 28 is pulled to move the hammer, which, as discussed further below, ultimately results in the firing of the firearm 10.
The firearm 10 includes a hand guard 30 that extends from the receiver 14 circumferentially about a barrel 32 such that a user can hold the hand guard 30 of the firearm 10. Details of the hand guard 30 are further disclosed and claimed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/496,000 filed concurrently with the present application, which is incorporated herein by reference. A buttstock 34 extends rearwardly from the receiver 14 for supporting the firearm 10 against a shoulder of the user. A hand grip 36 extends downwardly along the lower receiver portion 22 for gripping by the user.
The barrel 32 is coupled to the receiver 14 and defines a barrel bore 38 extending along the longitudinal axis L. The details of how the barrel 32 is coupled to the receiver 14 is further disclosed and claimed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/496,000 filed concurrently with the present application, which is incorporated herein by reference. The barrel 32 includes a breech (not shown) adjacent the receiver 14 and a muzzle 40 spaced from the breech along the longitudinal axis L with the breech defining a chamber (not shown) extending along the longitudinal axis L for receiving one of the live rounds. The live rounds are individually loaded into the chamber from the magazine 24. The chamber aligns with the barrel bore 38 such that the bullet moves out of the chamber and the barrel bore 38 when firing the firearm 10. Details of the components of the barrel 32 are further disclosed and claimed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/496,000 filed concurrently with the present application, which is incorporated herein by reference.
The bolt carrier 12 is disposed in the second bore 16 of the receiver 14. The bolt carrier 12 is movable relative to the receiver 14 along the longitudinal axis L between a firing position and a rearward position. Specifically, a bolt 42 and a firing pin (not shown) are carried by the bolt carrier 12. The bolt carrier 12 typically has features for automatically releasing another live round from the magazine 24 into the chamber as the bolt carrier 12 moves toward the firing position. As the bolt carrier 12 moves from the rearward position toward the firing position, the bolt carrier 12 catches or pushes another live round into the chamber of the barrel 32. In the firing position, the bolt 42 locks to the breech of the barrel 32 to hold the live round in the chamber. The firing components can include the bolt carrier 12, the bolt 42, the firing pin, the trigger 28, the hammer and other components as known to those skilled in the art.
When the bolt carrier 12 is in the firing position, the trigger 28 can be pulled to release the hammer, which strikes the firing pin. When the hammer strikes the firing pin, the firing pin strikes the live round to fire the live round, which causes the bullet to move through and out of the barrel bore 38. After firing the live round, the bolt carrier 12 moves by gas impingement toward the rearward position and the casing, which is now empty, is expelled from the receiver 14 through the ejection port 18. The bolt carrier 12 automatically moves toward the firing position thereby automatically loading another live round from the magazine 24 into the chamber.
Although the firearm 10 shown in the Figures is of the semi-automatic type or the automatic type, it is appreciated that the firearm 10 can also be a single-shot firearm 10 without departing from the nature of the present invention. A semi-automatic firearm 10 is one that fires a single live round when the trigger 28 is pulled and thereafter automatically loads another live round. An automatic firearm 10 is one that individually fires multiple live rounds with a single pull of the trigger 28 and continues to load and fire live rounds until the trigger 28 is released. A single-shot firearm 10 requires manual loading of each live round and fires a single live round when the trigger 28 is pulled.
Also referring to
The receiver 14 defines the second bore 16 extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis L and in fluid communication with the first bore 44. The second bore 16 is also in fluid communication with the ejection port 18. The bolt carrier 12 is disposed in the second bore 16 and movable relative to the receiver 14 along the longitudinal axis L between the firing position and the rearward position. The first and second bores 44, 16 align with each other relative to the longitudinal axis L for allowing the bolt carrier 12 to partially move into the first bore 44 during movement toward and away from the rearward position.
The firearm 10 also includes an expulsion device 54 at least partially disposed in the buttstock 34 for directing or flowing air through the first and second bores 44, 16 and out the ejection port 18 as the bolt carrier 12 moves between the firing and rearward positions, as shown in
Turning to
The piston 56 further includes at least one seal 64 or gasket disposed between the piston 56 and the buttstock 34 for preventing air from leaking therebetween. It is to be appreciated that a plurality of seals 64 may be utilized. As best shown in
Referring to
Referring to
Referring back to
The expulsion device 54 further includes a first valve 84 coupled to one of the buttstock 34 and the piston 56 for selectively expelling or flowing air out of the ejection port 18. More specifically, the first valve 84 is coupled to the piston 56 for selectively expelling or flowing air though the second bore 16 and out the ejection port 18. When assembling the piston 56, the first valve 84 slides through the first slit 70 and is pinned to the piston 56 through the first cutout 68. Referring back to
Turning to
The expulsion device 54 also includes a second valve 86 coupled to the buttstock 34 for selectively flowing air into the first bore 44. The second valve 86 is movable between a third position preventing air from flowing into the first bore 44 and a fourth position allowing air to flow into the first bore 44. More specifically, the second valve 86 is attached to the distal end 46 adjacent the aperture 48 within the first bore 44 and movable between the third position with the second valve 86 disposed over the aperture 48 preventing air from flowing into the first bore 44 and the fourth position with the second valve 86 spaced from the aperture 48 allowing air to flow into the first bore 44. Referring to
Each of the first and second valves 84, 86 can be further defined as a check valve such as a leaf valve, a reed valve, a ball-spring valve, a sheet metal spring or any other suitable valve that allows one way flow. The first valve 84 can be pinned to the piston 56 by a roll pin or any other suitable fastener. The second valve 86 can be similarly pinned to the distal end 46 by a roll pin or any other suitable fastener.
The expulsion device 54 includes a plug 88 attached to the distal end 46 within the aperture 48 and a filter 90 disposed in the plug 88. The filter 90 filters particles as air moves into the first bore 44 while the bolt carrier 12 moves toward the firing position. In other words, the filter 90 catches particles to allow clean air to move into the first bore 44 for preventing fouling of the components of the firearm 10.
The plug 88 includes a front side 92 and a back side 94 spaced from each other along the longitudinal axis L. The plug 88 defines a second hole 96 extending along the longitudinal axis L between the front and back sides 92, 94 with the filter 90 disposed in the second hole 96. The second hole 96 is in fluid communication with the first bore 44 for flowing air into the first bore 44 when the piston 56 and the bolt carrier 12 move toward the firing position. More specifically, the second valve 86 is pinned to the plug 88 for selectively flowing air into the first bore 44. In other words, when the second valve 86 is in the third position, the second valve 86 is disposed over the second hole 96 preventing air from flowing into the first bore 44 and when the second valve 86 is in the fourth position, the second valve 86 is spaced from the second hole 96 allowing air to flow into the first bore 44.
Referring back to
The plug 88 also defines a second groove 102 adjacent the back side 94 with the second groove 102 extending about a circumference of the plug 88. A fastener 104, such as a snap ring or any other suitable fastener, is disposed in the second groove 102 for attaching the plug 88 to the buttstock 34 and more specifically, for attaching the plug 88 to the aperture 48 of the container 52. The plug 88 includes a lip 106 between the front and back sides 92, 94 with the fastener 104 abutting one side of the distal end 46 and the lip 106 abutting another side of the distal end 46 for attaching the plug 88 to the buttstock 34. The stock 50 extends slightly beyond the container 52 due to the back side 94 of the plug 88 being attached to the distal end 46 for allowing air to flow through the second hole 96 when the firearm 10 is abutting against the shoulder of the user and for preventing damage to the back side 94 of the plug 88.
A method of operating the firearm 10 having the buttstock 34 defining the first bore 44 and the receiver 14 coupled to the buttstock 34 is now discussed in greater detail. The receiver 14 defines the ejection port 18 and the second bore 16 in fluid communication with the first bore 44. The bolt carrier 12 is disposed in the second bore 16 and movable between the firing and rearward positions. The piston 56 is disposed in the first bore 44 and defines the first hole 62 with the first valve 84 attached to the piston 56 adjacent the first hole 62.
The method also includes the step of directing air through the first hole 62 of the piston 56 and the second bore 16 of the receiver 14 during movement of the piston 56 and the bolt carrier 12 toward the rearward position. More specifically, the weight 72 is disposed in the first hole 62 of the piston 56 and defines the orifice 74 open to the first hole 62 and further including the step of directing air through the first hole 62 and the orifice 74 during movement of the piston 56 and the bolt carrier 12 toward the rearward position, again, see
The second valve 86 is attached to the buttstock 34 with the method including the step of simultaneously opening the second valve 86 and closing the first valve 84 during movement of the piston 56 and the bolt carrier 12 toward the firing position as shown in
The method further includes the step of flowing air through the aperture 48 and into the first bore 44 during movement of the piston 56 and the bolt carrier 12 toward the firing position. In other words, fresh or clean air flows into the first bore 44 during movement of the piston 56 and the bolt carrier 12 toward the firing position. The step of flowing air through the aperture 48 and into the first bore 44 occurs after the step of expelling the air from the first hole 62 and the receiver 14 out the ejection port 18. In addition, the method includes the step of continuously biasing the piston 56 and the bolt carrier 12 toward the firing position.
Referring back to
The buttstock 34 includes an outer surface 118. More specifically, the stock 50 defines the outer surface 118. The outer surface 118 defines a recess 120 with the guide member 108 attached to the buttstock 34 within the recess 120. Specifically, the guide member 108 is flush or recessed from the outer surface 118 for preventing unwanted catching of objects by the guide member 108. The recess 120 includes a first side 122 and a second side 124 spaced from each other substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis L, which will be discussed further below.
The guide member 108 is attached to the outer surface 118 of the buttstock 34 and configured to reform the tabs 116 of the magazine 24 when the tabs 116 are deformed relative to the top portion 114 for properly positioning the tabs 116 to permit proper feeding of the rounds into the chamber of the barrel 32. The guide member 108 can be attached to either side of the buttstock 34 or a plurality of guide members 108 can be utilized with one guide member 108 attached to each side of the buttstock 34. Alternatively, the guide member 108 could be mounted to other parts of the firearm 10.
The guide member 108 defines a first channel 126 and a second channel 128 spaced from the first channel 126 to define a central body 130 between the first and second channels 126, 128. The first and second channels 126, 128 selectively receive the tabs 116.
As shown in
The central body 130 includes a first end 136 and a second end 138 spaced from each other with the first end 136 having a tapered portion 140 for guiding the tabs 116 into the first and second channels 126, 128. Alternatively, the second end 138 can have the tapered portion 140 or both the first and second ends 136, 138 can have the tapered portion 140 (as shown in
Obviously, many modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. The foregoing invention has been described in accordance with the relevant legal standards; thus, the description is exemplary rather than limiting in nature. Variations and modifications to the disclosed embodiment may become apparent to those skilled in the art and do come within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of legal protection afforded this invention can only be determined by studying the following claims.
The subject application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/495,996, filed on Jul. 1, 2009, which claims priority to and the benefits of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/133,624, filed on Jul. 1, 2008 and U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/090,663, filed on Aug. 21, 2008, the disclosures of each are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
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20120272556 A1 | Nov 2012 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 12495996 | Jul 2009 | US |
Child | 13540083 | US |