Patent Grant
10497385
This application is based upon and claims the benefit of priority from Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-168877, filed Sep. 10, 2018, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Embodiments described herein relate generally to a magnetic disk device and a method for suppressing a disturbance component having a harmonic.
The magnetic disk device has a magnetic disk provided in a housing, a spindle motor that supports and rotationally drives the magnetic disk, an arm equipped with a magnetic head, and a voice coil motor. The magnetic disk device can be caused to vibrate by a disturbance, for example, the rotation of a cooling fan provided in a server. When the magnetic disk device vibrates due to such a disturbance, there is a possibility that the positioning error of the magnetic head becomes large.
In general, according to one embodiment, a magnetic disk device comprises: a disk; a head that writes data into the disk and reads data from the disk; and a controller that estimates a first frequency component resulting from a disturbance in a first range of a frequency corresponding to the disturbance in a signal with the disturbance, when having estimated the first frequency component, estimates a second frequency component corresponding to a second frequency of a positive integral multiple of 2 or larger of a first frequency of the first frequency component in a second range different from the first range, and when having estimated the second frequency component, suppresses a first harmonic component corresponding to the positive integral multiple of the first frequency in a position error of a target position of the head on the disk.
According to another embodiment, a method for suppressing a disturbance component with a harmonic, the method being applied to a magnetic disk device including a disk and a head that writes data into the disk and reads data from the disk, the method comprises: estimating a first frequency component resulting from a disturbance in a first range of a frequency corresponding to the disturbance in a signal with the disturbance; when having estimated the first frequency component, estimating a second frequency component corresponding to a second frequency of a positive integral multiple of 2 or larger of a first frequency of the first frequency component in a second range different from the first range; and when having estimated the second frequency component, suppressing a first harmonic component corresponding to the positive integral multiple of the first frequency in a position error in a target position of the head on the disk.
An embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings. The drawings are mere examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The magnetic disk device 1 includes a head disk assembly (HDA), a driver IC 20, a head amplifier integrated circuit (hereinafter, called head amplifier IC or pre-amplifier) 30, a volatile memory 70, a buffer memory (buffer) 80, a non-volatile memory 90, and a system controller 130 as one-chip integrated circuit described later. The magnetic disk device 1 is connected to a host system (hereinafter, simply called host) 100. The magnetic disk device 1 may include a sensor.
The HDA has a magnetic disk (hereinafter, called disk) 10, a spindle motor (hereinafter, called SPM) 12, an arm 13 equipped with a head 15, and a voice coil motor (hereinafter, called VCM) 14. The disk 10 is attached to the SPM 12 and is rotated by driving of the SPM 12. The arm 13 and the VCM 14 constitute an actuator AC. The actuator AC controls and moves the head 15 mounted on the arm 13 to a particular position on the disk 10 by driving of the VCM 14. The numbers of the disk 10 and the head 15 may be two or more each.
The magnetic disk device 10 has a recording region that is assigned a data region 10a usable for the user and a system area 10b where information necessary for system management is written.
The head 15 includes a slider as a main body, and a write head 15W and a read head 15R mounted on the slider. The write head 15W writes data on the disk 10. The read head 15R reads data stored in the disk 10.
The driver IC 20 controls the driving of the SPM 12 and the VCM 14 under control of the system controller 130 (specifically, an MPU 60 described later).
The head amplifier IC (pre-amplifier) 30 includes a read amplifier and a write driver. The read amplifier amplifies a read signal read from the disk 10 and outputs the same to the system controller 130 (specifically, a read/write (R/W) channel 40 described later). The write driver outputs write current according to a signal output from the R/W channel 40 to the head 15.
The volatile memory 70 is a semiconductor memory where saved data is lost when power supply is cut. The volatile memory 70 stores data necessary for processing at the individual components of the magnetic disk device 1 and others. The volatile memory 70 is a dynamic random access memory (DRAM) or synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), for example.
The buffer memory 80 is a semiconductor memory that temporarily records data and others transmitted and received between the magnetic disk device 1 and the host 100. The buffer memory 80 may be integrally formed with the volatile memory 70. The buffer memory 80 is a DRAM, static random access memory (SRAM), SDRAM, ferroelectric random access memory (FeRAM), or magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM), for example.
The non-volatile memory 90 is a semiconductor memory that records saved data even when power supply is cut. The non-volatile memory 90 is an NOR-type or NAND-type flash read only memory (FROM), for example.
The system controller (controller) 130 is implemented by a large-scale integrated circuit (LSI) called system-on-a-chip (SoC) in which a plurality of elements is integrated on a single chip, for example. The system controller 130 includes a read/write (R/W) channel 40, a hard disk controller (HDC) 50, a microprocessor (MPU) 60, and others. The system controller 130 is electrically connected to the driver IC 20, the head amplifier IC 30, the volatile memory 70, the buffer memory 80, the non-volatile memory 90, and the host system 100, for example.
The R/W channel 40 executes signal processing of read data transmitted from the disk 10 to the host 100 and write data transmitted from the host 100 according to instructions from the MPU 60 described later. The R/W channel 40 has a circuit or a function to measure signal quality of read data. The R/W channel 40 is electrically connected to the head amplifier IC 30, the HDC 50, and the MPU 60, for example.
The HDC 50 controls data transmission between the host 100 and the R/W channel 40 according to instructions from the MPU 60 described later. The HDC 50 is electrically connected to the R/W channel 40, the MPU 60, the volatile memory 70, the buffer memory 80, and the non-volatile memory 90, for example.
The MPU 60 is a main controller that controls the individual components of the magnetic disk device 1. The MPU 60 executes servo control to control the VCM 14 via the driver IC 20 and perform positioning of the head 15. The MPU 60 controls the write action of data into the disk 10 and selects the destination to save the write data. The MPU 60 controls the read action of data from the disk 10 and controls processing of the read data. The MPU 60 is connected to the individual components of the magnetic disk device 1. The MPU 60 is electrically connected to the driver IC 20, the R/W channel 40, and the HDC 50, for example.
The MPU 60 includes a read/write controller 61, an estimation unit 62, and a suppression unit 63. The MPU 60 executes processing by these components, for example, the read/write controller 61, the estimation unit 62, and the suppression unit 63 on firmware. The MPU 60 may include these components as circuits.
The read/write controller 61 controls data read processing and data write processing according to commands from the host 100. The read/write controller 61 controls the VCM 14 via the driver IC 20 and performs positioning of the head 15 on the disk 10 in a particular position to read or write data.
The estimation unit 62 estimates a frequency component resulting from disturbance having a harmonic (hereinafter, called disturbance component) from a particular signal. For example, the estimation unit 62 detects frequency components within a range of particular frequencies (hereinafter, called first range) of a signal corresponding to an error (hereinafter, simply called position error) in a target position of the head 15 (hereinafter, called target position) in the disk 10, and estimates the disturbance component (hereinafter, called first estimated component) from the detected frequency components. Hereinafter, an example of estimation using the position error will be described as an example. However, the estimation unit 62 may perform an estimation using the signal detected by a sensor instead of the position error. In this example, the first range is equivalent to a range of frequencies of a fundamental wave of disturbance having an assumed harmonic, for example, frequencies corresponding to influence exerted on the magnetic disk device 1 when a cooling fan provided in a server is driven at the maximum number of rotations, for example, 500 Hz and less. When having estimated the first estimated component, the estimation unit 62 detects frequency components in the position error in a particular frequency range different from the first range (hereinafter, called second range) in the position error, and estimates from the detected frequency components a frequency component (hereinafter, called first multiple component) corresponding to a frequency of integral multiple of 2 or larger (hereinafter, called first multiple frequency) of a frequency of the first estimated component (hereinafter, called first estimated frequency). In this example, the second range is a range near the first multiple frequency, for example. In other words, the second range is a range including the first multiple frequency, for example. The second range is smaller than the first range. When having estimated the first multiple component, the estimation unit 62 estimates the existence of a disturbance having a first harmonic component in a plurality of frequency components (hereinafter, called first harmonic components) of frequencies of positive integral multiples of the first estimated frequency, except for the first estimated component and the first multiple component. In other words, when having estimated the first estimated component and the first multiple component, the estimation unit 62 determines that the position error has the first harmonic components. Hereinafter, the disturbance component estimated in the first range will also be simply called estimated component, and the disturbance component estimated in the second range will also be simply called multiple component. In addition, the frequency components corresponding to the frequencies of positive integral multiples of the estimated component will also be simply called harmonic components.
The estimation unit 62 further detects again the frequency components in the first range, and estimates an estimated component (hereinafter, called second estimated component) different from the first estimated component, from the detected frequency components. When having estimated the second estimated component, the estimation unit 62 calculates the common divisors of the first estimated frequency and the frequency of the second estimated component (hereinafter, called second estimated frequency). The estimation unit 62 calculates the remaining common divisors (hereinafter, called common divisor group) by eliminating 1 from the calculated common divisors. The estimation unit 62 detects frequency components in the position error in a range (hereinafter, called third range) near the greatest common divisor in the common divisor group (hereinafter, called first greatest value) in the position error, and estimates the frequency component (hereinafter, called third estimated component) corresponding to the first greatest value from the detected frequency components. In this example, the third range is included in the first range, for example, and is smaller than the first range. The third range includes the frequency of the third estimated component (hereinafter, called third estimated frequency). When having estimated the third estimated component, the estimation unit 62 estimates that there is a disturbance having a harmonic component of the third estimated frequency (hereinafter, called second harmonic component) in the position error. When having estimated the third estimated component, the estimation unit 62 detects frequency components in a range (hereinafter, called fourth range) near the greatest common divisor (hereinafter, called second greatest value) in the common divisor group except for the first greatest value, and estimates the frequency component (hereinafter, called fourth estimated component) corresponding to the second greatest value from the detected frequency components. Unlike the third range, the fourth range is included in the first range and is smaller than the first range. The fourth range includes a frequency of the fourth estimated component (hereinafter, called fourth estimated frequency). When the fourth estimated component is estimated, the estimation unit 62 estimates that there is a disturbance having a harmonic component of the fourth estimated frequency (hereinafter, called third harmonic component) in the position error. In the following description, the greatest common divisor in the common divisor group will also be simply called greatest value.
The suppression unit 63 suppresses the disturbance component in a particular signal. For example, when having estimated the estimated component and having not estimated the multiple component, the suppression unit 63 determines that there is no harmonic component in the position error and suppresses only the estimated component. For example, when having estimated the estimated component and having not estimated the multiple component, the suppression unit 63 determines that the disturbance has no harmonic in the position error and does not need to perform any operation. When having estimated the estimated component and the multiple component, the suppression unit 63 suppresses the harmonic component in the position error. The suppression unit 63 has a plurality of filters. For example, when having estimated the estimated component and having not estimated the multiple component, the suppression unit 63 determines that there is no harmonic component in the position error and applies a filter for suppressing only the estimated component. The filter is an adaptive filter, for example. For example, when having estimated the estimated component and having not detected the multiple component, the suppression unit 63 determines that the disturbance has no harmonic in the position error and does not need to apply any filter. When having estimated the estimated component and the multiple component, the suppression unit 63 applies a filter for suppressing the harmonic component in the position error.
In the example illustrated in
In the example illustrated in
The magnetic disk device 1 has the positioning control system SY of the head 15. The positioning control system SY includes a filter B1, a controller B2, a plant B3, and computing units C1 and C2. The plant B3 corresponds to the head 15 and the actuator AC, for example.
The filter B1 suppresses a specific frequency component, for example, a disturbance component of an input signal. The filter B1 suppresses the disturbance component of a position error e[k] as a differential value between a target position r[k] and current position y[k] on the disk 10 of the plant B3 (hereinafter, called actual position). When the estimated component is estimated and the multiple component cannot be estimated, the filter B1 suppresses only the estimated component in the position error e[k]. When the estimated component is estimated and the multiple component is estimated, the filter B1 suppresses a harmonic component of the estimated component in the position error e[k]. In other words, the filter B1 has a plurality of filters. When the estimated component is estimated and the multiple component cannot be estimated, a filter for suppressing only the estimated component in the position error e[k] is applied as filter B1. When the estimated component is estimated and the multiple component cannot be estimated, it is determined that the disturbance has no harmonic component, and thus nothing may be applied. When the estimated component is estimated and the multiple component is estimated, a filter for suppressing a harmonic component of the estimated component in the position error e[k] is applied as filter B1. The filter B1 may be included in the suppression unit 63. For the filter B1, elements other than frequency, for example, gain and the range of frequencies to be suppressed may be arbitrarily set.
The controller B2 controls the plant B3, for example. The controller B2 generates control input u[k] of the plant B3 based on the position error e[k].
The controller B2 may generate the control input u[k] of the plant B3 based on the position error e[k] and a value other than the position error e[k].
The plant B3 is driven based on the control input u[k].
The computing unit C1 accepts input of the target position r[k] and the actual position y[k]. When the target position r[k] and the actual position y[k] are input, the computing unit C1 outputs the position error e[k] as the differential value between the target position r[k] and the actual position y[k] to the filter B1. When the position error e[k] is input, the filter B1 outputs a signal for suppressing the disturbance component to the controller B2. When the signal for suppressing the disturbance component is input, the controller B2 outputs the control input u[k] to the plant B3. When the control input u[k] is input, the plant B3 is driven according to the control input u[k] and outputs a signal corresponding to the control input u[k] to the computing unit C2. When the signal corresponding to the control input u[k] and a disturbance d[k] are input, the computing unit C2 outputs the actual position y[k] to which the disturbance d[k] is added to the control input u[k] to the computing unit C1 and moves the head 15 to the actual position y[k].
The MPU 60 detects frequency components in the first range in the position error (B501), and determines whether the first estimated component can be estimated from the detected frequency components (B502). When having determined that the first estimated component cannot be estimated (NO in B502), the MPU 60 terminates the process. The MPU 60 detects frequency components in the second range in the position error (B503), and determines whether the first multiple component can be estimated from the detected frequency components (B504).
When having determined that the first multiple component cannot be estimated (NO in B504), the MPU 60 suppresses the first estimated component (B505), and controls the head 15 based on the position error in which the first estimated component is suppressed, and then terminates the process. When having determined that the first multiple component can be estimated (YES in B504), the MPU 60 suppresses the first harmonic component (B506). The MPU 60 detects again frequency components in the first range (B507), and determines whether the second estimated component can be estimated from the detected frequency components (B508). When having determined that the second estimated component cannot be estimated (NO in B508), the MPU 60 controls the head 15 based on the error signal in which the first harmonic component is suppressed, and then terminates the process. When having determined that the second estimated component can be estimated (YES in B508), the MPU 60 calculates the common divisor group in which 1 is subtracted from the common divisor of the first estimated frequency of the first estimated component and the second estimated frequency of the second estimated component (B509).
The MPU 60 detects frequency components in the third range (B510), and determines whether the third estimated component can be estimated from the detected frequency components (B511). When having determined that the third estimated component cannot be estimated (NO in B511), the MPU 60 controls the head 15 based on the error signal in which the first harmonic component is suppressed, and then terminates the process. When having determined that the third estimated component can be estimated (YES in B511), the MPU 60 suppresses the second harmonic component (B512). The MPU 60 eliminates the greatest value from the common divisor group (B513). For example, the MPU 60 eliminates the first greatest value from the common divisor group. The MPU 60 determines whether the number of members of the common divisor group is larger than 0 or not (B514). When having determined that the number of members of the common divisor group is larger than 0 (YES in B514), the MPU 60 detects frequency components in a particular range (B515), and determines whether the estimated component can be estimated from the detected frequency components (B516). For example, the MPU 60 detects frequency components in the fourth range, and determines whether the fourth estimated component can be estimated from the detected frequency components. When having determined that the estimated component cannot be estimated (NO in B516), the MPU 60 moves the process to B513. When having determined that the estimated component can be estimated (YES in B516), the MPU 60 suppresses the harmonic component and moves the process to B513. When having determined that the number of members of the common divisor group is not larger than 0, that is, the number of members of the common divisor group is 0 (NO in B514), the MPU 60 controls the head 15 based on the error signal in which the harmonic component is suppressed, and terminates the process. For example, the MPU 60 controls the head 15 based on the error signal in which the first harmonic component and the second harmonic component other than the first harmonic component are suppressed, and terminates the process.
According to the present embodiment, the magnetic disk device 1 detects frequency components in the first range in the position error, and estimates the first estimated component from the detected frequency components. When the first estimated component is estimated, the magnetic disk device 1 detects frequency components in the second range in the position error, and estimates the first multiple component from the detected frequency components. When having estimated the first estimated component and the first multiple component, the magnetic disk device 1 estimates the first harmonic component of the first estimated frequency of the first estimated component, and suppresses the estimated first harmonic component. The magnetic disk device 1 detects frequency components again in the first range, and estimates the second estimated component from the detected frequency components. When having estimated the second estimated component, the magnetic disk device 1 calculates the common divisors of the first estimated frequency of the first estimated component and the second estimated frequency of the second estimated component, and calculates the common divisor group except for 1 from the calculated common divisors. The magnetic disk device 1 detects frequency components in the third range near the first greatest value in the common divisor group, and estimates the third estimated component corresponding to the first greatest value from the detected frequency components. The magnetic disk device 1 suppresses the second harmonic component except for the already suppressed first harmonic component. The magnetic disk device 1 repeats a process of estimating the estimated component corresponding to the greatest value in the common divisor group except for the already suppressed common divisors, and suppressing a harmonic component corresponding to the estimated component except for the already suppressed harmonic components until the number of member of the common divisor group becomes zero in the position signal. Accordingly, even with the occurrence of disturbance, for example, a change in the number of rotations of the cooling fan provided in the server, the magnetic disk device 1 can suppress the disturbance component in the position error of the head 15. Therefore, the magnetic disk device 1 can improve the accuracy of positioning control of the head 15.
Next, a magnetic disk device according to a first modification example will be described. In relation to the first modification example, components identical to those in the foregoing embodiment will be given reference signs identical to those in the foregoing embodiment and detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted.
A magnetic disk device 1 in the first modification example is different from those in the foregoing embodiment in a positioning control system SY of a head 15.
The magnetic disk device 1 further includes a computing unit C3.
The computing unit C1 accepts input of the target position r[k] and the actual position y[k]. When the target position r[k] and the actual position y[k] are input, the computing unit C1 outputs a position error e[k] as the differential value between the target position r[k] and the actual position y[k] to a filter B1 and a controller B2. When the position error e[k] is input, the filter B1 outputs the position error e[k] with the disturbance component suppressed to a computing unit C2. When the position error e[k] is input, the controller B2 outputs a control input u[k] to the computing unit C2. When the signal for suppressing the disturbance component and the control input u[k] is input, the computing unit C2 outputs the control input u[k] to which the position error e[k] with the disturbance component suppressed is added, to a plant B3. With the input of the control input u[k] to which the position error e[k] with the disturbance component suppressed is added, the plant B3 is driven according to the control input u[k] and outputs a signal corresponding to the control input u[k] to the computing unit C3. When the signal corresponding to the control input u[k] and a disturbance d[k] are input, the computing unit C3 outputs the actual position y[k] to which the disturbance d[k] is added to the control input u[k] to the computing unit C1 and moves the head 15 to the actual position y[k].
According to the first modification example, the magnetic disk device 1 has the positioning control system SY of the head 15 including the filter B1 connected in parallel to the controller B2. Therefore, the magnetic disk device 1 can improve the accuracy of positioning control of the head 15.
A magnetic disk device 1 in a second modification example is different in configuration from those in the foregoing embodiment and the first modification example.
The magnetic disk device 1 further includes a disturbance sensor 200. The disturbance sensor 200 detects a disturbance applied to the magnetic disk device 1. In the example illustrated in
The MPU 60 estimates the disturbance component having a harmonic from a particular disturbance signal. The MPU 60 detects frequency components in a particular frequency range of the particular disturbance signal, and estimates the disturbance component from the detected frequency components. For example, when having estimated the estimated component and having not estimated the multiple component, the MPU 60 determines that the disturbance has no harmonic in the disturbance signal and does not need to perform any operation. When the estimated component and the multiple component are estimated, the MPU 60 suppresses the harmonic component in the position error. The MPU 60 has a plurality of filters. For example, when having estimated the estimated component and having not estimated the multiple component, the MPU 60 determines that there is no harmonic component in the disturbance signal and applies a filter for suppressing only the estimated component. For example, when having estimated the estimated component and having not estimated the multiple component, the MPU 60 determines that the disturbance has no harmonic in the disturbance signal and does not need to apply a filter. When the estimated component and the multiple component are estimated, the MPU 60 applies a filter for suppressing the harmonic component in the position error.
According to the second modification example, the magnetic disk device 1 includes the disturbance sensor 200. The magnetic disk device 1 can estimate the disturbance component with a harmonic from the disturbance signal. Therefore, the magnetic disk device 1 can improve the accuracy of positioning control of the head 15.
While certain embodiments have been described, these embodiments have been presented by way of example only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the inventions. Indeed, the novel embodiments described herein may be embodied in a variety of other forms; furthermore, various omissions, substitutions and changes in the form of the embodiments described herein may be made without departing from the spirit of the inventions. The accompanying claims and their equivalents are intended to cover such forms or modifications as would fall within the scope and spirit of the inventions.
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| 2018-168877 | Sep 2018 | JP | national |
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