1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates generally to using a magnet to attach a vessel to another object, and, more particularly, to using a magnet to attach a vessel, such as a vehicle, to another vessel or docking point.
2. Description of the Related Art
Many water-based vessels, such as ferries, tugs, and cargo ships use thrust generated by on-board motors to keep the vessel in position when docking with land, against other vessels, or other docking points. For example, a passenger ship may maneuver through a harbor or channel using its own propulsion system or with the assistance of a tugboat or other positioning vessel. The ship may be guided toward a docking point, such as a pier, dock, or other structure, that has been equipped with protective padding, such as tires, inflatable bladders, and the like, to prevent the docking point from damaging the hull of the ship. The ship may be positioned so that at least some portion of its hull is proximate the docking point. For example, in one embodiment, one side of the ship may be positioned against a dock so that the surface area of the hull to be mated with the dock is maximized.
Once the ship is sufficiently near the docking point, on-board motors may be used to generate thrust that holds the ship against the docking point. The thrust from the on-board motors may be used to hold the ship in place, while passengers are boarded and/or cargo is loaded. Often, the ship is docked for an extended period requiring the constant use of thrust to keep the ship positioned in the desired space.
In some situations, the thrust from one or more tugboats or other positioning vessels is used to keep a larger vessel in position when docked. For example, one or more tugboats may be positioned on one side of the docked ship, while the other side of the ship is mated with a docking point. By applying thrust to the opposite side of the ship, one or more tugboats may be used to hold the ship in its docked position. Usually, the tugboat is equipped with a protective barrier (e.g., tires, inflatable bladders, etc.) around its hull to prevent damages to either ship.
These techniques for keeping a vessel secure to a docking point, while somewhat effective, are not energy efficient. A more efficient method of keeping a vessel in position while docked may be accomplished using various configurations of electromagnets. Such electromagnets may be used to keep a vessel secure to a docking point, and if properly configured, may allow for a range of movement in certain directions to accommodate the action of waves, or other motion.
The present invention is directed to overcoming, or at least reducing the effects of, one or more of the problems set forth above.
A magnetic docking apparatus includes a support member having an electromagnet attached thereto. The support member includes a fastener for attaching the magnetic docking apparatus to a vessel. The support member and the fastener cooperate to position the electromagnet external to the vessel. When the vessel is positioned proximate a docking point that includes a ferrous object, the magnetic docking apparatus is operable to energize the electromagnet. When energized, the electromagnet creates a magnetic attraction between itself and the ferrous object, and the magnetic attraction causes the vessel to be held at the docking point. The electromagnet is also operable to be de-energized to release the vessel from the docking point.
In another aspect of the present invention, a method for magnetically docking a vessel to another object is provided. The method includes attaching a magnetic docking apparatus to a vessel. The magnetic docking apparatus includes a support member having an electromagnet attached thereto. The vessel is positioned proximate a docking point that includes a ferrous object. The electromagnet is energized to create a magnetic attraction between itself and the ferrous object. The magnetic attraction causes the vessel to be held at the docking point. The electromagnet is de-energized to release the vessel from the docking point.
The invention may be best understood by reference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals identify like elements, and in which:
While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof have been shown by way of example in the drawings and are herein described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the description herein of specific embodiments is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Illustrative embodiments of the invention are described below. In the interest of clarity, not all features of an actual implementation are described in this specification. It will of course be appreciated that in the development of any such actual embodiment, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be made to achieve the developers' specific goals, such as compliance with system-related and business-related constraints, which will vary from one implementation to another. Moreover, it will be appreciated that such a development effort might be complex and time-consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking for those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of this disclosure.
Referring to
The support member 110 may be constructed in a number of configurations using any number of different materials. Moreover, the particular details of the support member 110, such as shape, dimensions, composition, and the like may vary to suit a particular application or simply as a matter of design choice. In this example, the support member 110 is comprised of tubular steel and is constructed to include a bow 116 that peaks above a clamp 120. As will be described below, when shaped in this configuration, the support member 110 may be more easily positioned over one side of a vessel, such as a ship, so that the electromagnet 105 is situated to mate with or come within close proximity to a ferrous object, such as a ferrous plate, attached to a docking point.
The clamp 120 is attached to the support member 110 and is operable to secure the docking mechanism 100 to a vessel. As described for the support member 110, the particular details of the clamp 120 may vary depending upon the application or use of the present invention. It should be understood that the clamp 120 is but one of an infinite number of mechanisms that can be used to secure the docking mechanism 100 to a vessel. For example, the docking mechanism 100 could be attached to a vessel using bolts, rivets, welds, or any other type of fastener. In short, the manner in which the docking mechanism 100 is attached to a vessel is not material to the present invention.
In another embodiment, the support member 110 may include a telescoping or adjustable piece (not shown) that allows the distance between the clamp 120 and the electromagnet 105 to be decreased, increased, or otherwise adjusted as desired. This may be accomplished, for example, using hydraulic supports or other types of adjustable pieces. As will be explained below, the electromagnet 105 of the docking mechanism 100 may be mated with or come within close proximity to a ferrous object to hold a vessel, such as a vehicle, ship, or other type of craft, at a docking point. If the docking mechanism 100 is configured with an adjustable support member, the position of the electromagnet 105 may be adjusted to more easily mate with or be positioned within close proximity to a ferrous object.
Power is supplied to the electromagnet 105 by a cable 125 using brushes 130. The brushes 130 allow power to be delivered to the electromagnet 105 even when the electromagnet 105 is rotating. The particular details of the cable 125 and the brushes 130, such as shape, composition, position, and the like, may vary to suit a particular application or simply as a matter of design choice. Moreover, any other technique may be used to deliver power sufficient to energize the electromagnet 105.
Referring to
Referring to
A rubber coating 205 may be used to cover and protect the wire 200. The rubber coating 205 may serve to protect the wire 200 and the core from the corrosive effects of salt water and other environmental conditions. The rubber coating 205 may also protect the wire 200 and the core when the electromagnet 105 is in contact with a ferrous object. Moreover, the rubber coating 205 insulates the wire 200 from its surroundings. The rubber coating 205 may be comprised of any number of known materials and may be applied using any number of known techniques, such as dipping, spraying, and the like.
Referring the
In
It should be appreciated that the configuration of the docking mechanism 100, shown in
Referring to block 300, of
At block 305, the vessel is positioned proximate a docking point that includes a ferrous object. In
The ferrous object 410, in this example, is an iron plate. However, the ferrous object may be configured in any number of shapes and compositions. In this example, the iron plate extends laterally down at least some portion of the dock 405 to simplify horizontally mating the electromagnet 105 with the iron plate 410. Likewise, the iron plate 410 may be configured with a height dimension that is greater than the diameter of the electromagnet 105. This difference in dimension works to alleviate any vertical mating problems created by changing water depths caused by tides and wave action.
In another illustrative embodiment, the ferrous object may be hingedly or pivotally attached to the docking point. When pivotally attached, the ferrous object is free to move in either direction about the pivot point. The movement of the ferrous object about its pivot point or hinge may be restricted, if desired, using a number of different energy suppressers, such as struts, springs, hydraulics, and the like.
As an example, referring to
At block 310, the electromagnet is energized to create a magnetic attraction between the electromagnet and the ferrous object. The magnetic attraction is operable to hold the vessel at the docking point. In
In
Generally, however, it should be appreciated that the electromagnet need not mate with the ferrous object to hold a vessel in place. For example, bumpers and other objects may be used to prevent mating but still allow magnetism to hold the vessel in a docked position. The particular arrangement or application of the present invention may vary as a matter of design choice.
At block 315, the electromagnet is de-energized, and the vessel is released from the docking point. The electromagnet may be de-energized by no longer providing it with power. In
In another example, the docking mechanism may be attached to a docking point rather than a vessel. In this embodiment, the ferrous object would be attached to the vessel. The illustrative examples previously discussed would work substantially the same except that the locations of the docking mechanism and the ferrous object are reversed. In yet another embodiment, the vessel and the docking point may each include both the docking mechanism and the ferrous object. As described above, the location, configuration, and application of the docking mechanism may vary as a matter of design choice.
Referring to
The first and second support members 510, 520 may be biased in a set position using a dampener 530, such as a spring, strut, or other energy suppresser. In this configuration, the movement of the first and second support members 510, 520 about the pivot point 525 is allowed but resisted by the dampener 530. The allowance of such limited movement can be advantageous in certain circumstances, such as to accommodate wave action.
The particular embodiment, shown in
Referring to
It should be appreciated that the docking mechanisms 100, 500, 600 described above may be used for a variety of different applications. The example illustrated in
The particular embodiments disclosed above are illustrative only, as the invention may be modified and practiced in different but equivalent manners apparent to those skilled in the art having the benefit of the teachings herein. Furthermore, no limitations are intended to the details of construction or design herein shown, other than as described in the claims below. It is therefore evident that the particular embodiments disclosed above may be altered or modified and all such variations are considered within the scope and spirit of the invention. Accordingly, the protection sought herein is as set forth in the claims below.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/407,873, filed Aug. 30, 2002.
Number | Date | Country |
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59217819 | Dec 1984 | JP |
02018192 | Jan 1990 | JP |
Number | Date | Country | |
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20040051309 A1 | Mar 2004 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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60407873 | Aug 2002 | US |