FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a magnetic device and, and more particularly, to a magnetic module that may be used with other like modules in a toy construction kit for building structures.
BACKGROUND
Various types of magnetic devices and construction kits, including those using magnetic elements are known. Notwithstanding, variations and improvements in known magnetic devices and construction kits and methods for making them are desirable.
SUMMARY
The disclosed subject matter relates to a magnetic module with a housing having an internal hollow. A magnet is contained within the hollow at a given polar orientation relative to the housing and the hollow. The hollow has dimensions that permit the magnet to move axially within the hollow, but substantially constrains the magnet to the given polar orientation relative to the housing.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
For a more complete understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a magnetic module in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the module of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view of a plurality of modules like the module of FIG. 1, positioned side-by-side.
FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic view of a plurality of modules in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure positioned side-by-side.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a plurality of modules in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure assembled into a three-dimensional structure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS
FIGS. 1 and 2 show a module 10 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. The module 10 in FIG. 1 is generally rectangular having four sides 12 disposed about an internal space 14. Alternatively, the module could have any shape including alternative geometric shapes, such as triangular, pentagonal, hexagonal, trapezoidal, etc. In addition, the space 14 could be filled with a panel, e.g., which displays decorative or meaningful indicia. FIG. 2 shows that the module 10 has an internal framework 16 with webs 18 extending between corner pieces 20. Caps 22 clip to framework 16, e.g., via mating prominences and recesses (not shown) and plastic deformation and recovery of the caps 22, defining a hollow 22h. When clipped to the framework 16, the caps 22 capture magnets 24 therebetween. The caps 22 and framework 18 could be said to define a housing 23. As shown in FIG. 2, the magnets 24 may have a cross-sectional shape (D-shape), which approximates the internal shape of the corresponding cap 22 such that the cap 22 closely embraces the magnet 24 preventing rotation of the magnet 24 along a longitudinal axis A thereof. The length L of the magnet 24 may be selected to be shorter than the distance D between the corner pieces 20, providing space for the magnet 24 to slide longitudinally between the corner pieces over a range of movement when retained by the caps 22. The D-shape of the magnets 24 illustrates that the magnets need not rotate relative to the housing in order to assume a position enabling magnetic attraction. Due to the polarization on the magnets 24 in the axial direction, their interaction (either attraction or repulsion) when brought into proximity would result in axial movement, e.g. along an axis line like line A in FIG. 1, within the caps 22. The magnets would not rotate about the axis A under the influence of other magnets 24, hence a non-rotatable configuration for the magnets 24 relative to the housing 23, like the D shape, would not hamper a linearly sliding reaction. As an alternative to the D-shaped cross section, the magnets 24 may be formed in a any cross-sectional shape, such as cylindrical, rectangular, hexagonal, etc., that allows them to slide in an axial direction within a mating hollow 22h in the housing 23. The hollow 22h need not conform exactly to the exterior configuration of the magnets 24, but may function as a guide, e.g., having guide ribs or vanes that contact the magnets 24, rather than having a complementary internal shape. As can be appreciated by one of normal skill in the art, a housing 23 having hollows 22h to slideably accommodate magnets 24 therein may be formed by alternative constructs that do not require caps 22. For example, the housing can be made in as a pair of mating halves with internal tracks for the magnets 24, such that when the halves are conjoined, the magnets 24 are contained therein.
FIG. 3 shows three modules 10a, 10b, 10c positioned next to one another with adjacent magnets 24a1, 24b1, 24b2 and 24c1 thereof, interacting. Opposite poles of magnets attract and like poles repel. Adjacent, side-by-side magnets 24a1 and 24b1 are positioned to attract one another because their respective North (N) South (S) polarity is opposite. As noted above, the magnets, e.g., 24b1 may be dimensioned with a length L that is less than the distance D between adjacent corner pieces, e.g., 20b1 and 20b2 of module 10b. As a result, there is a range of movement for the magnet 24b1 a distance M1 (in the upward direction, as shown in FIG. 3) and a distance M2 (downwardly), which together represent the total magnitude Mt of the range of motion. As shown by the dotted position lines P1 and P2, distances M1 and M2 permit the modules 10a and 10b to be shifted relative to each other by a like distance—up and down, and still remain associated by the attraction of the magnets 24a1 and 24b1.
In the event that the modules, e.g., 10b, 10c, are oriented with adjacent magnets 24b2 , 24c1 having the same North-South orientation (as shown at the conjunction of 10b and 10c, with both North poles up and both South poles down), the magnets 24b2 , 24c1 may slide within the respective cap 22 (not shown) to permit like poles to distance themselves and dissimilar poles to align. Magnet 24b2 has slid the distance Mt from the corner piece 20b3 in the upward direction and magnet 24c1 has slid down a distance Mt away from corner piece 20c1 to allow the South pole (S) of magnet 24b2 to be aligned with the North pole (N) of magnet 24c1. As shown by the dotted position lines P3 and P4, the modules 10b and 10c can remain coupled by with the same degree of magnetic attraction from the position shown in solid lines to the position shown in dotted lines indicated by P4. If the module 10c is moved to position P3, the magnets 24b2 and 24c1 would have to shift positions, i.e., all the way to the bottom for 24b2 and all the way to the top for magnet 24c1, in order to remain coupled by the same degree of attraction. The foregoing movable retention of the magnets 24 provides assembly variability over that of a configuration wherein the magnets are at a fixed position along the length of a side 12 and permits different relative arrangements of modules 10 and different structures 50 (FIG. 5) to be made from the modules.
FIG. 4 shows three modules 30a, 30b, 30c positioned next to one another, each having magnet stacks 32 having a plurality of magnets (two magnets 34, 38 with an intervening non-ferrous, non-magnetic spacer 36 therebetween, but any number of magnets and intervening spacers may be used). The spacer 36 may be made from a polymer, such as nylon or similar materials and attached to the magnets 34, 38 by mechanical/frictional engagement, e.g., the magnets may slide within a tight-fitting, complementary-shaped recess in either end of the spacer 36, by plastic welding, injection molding around the magnets 34, 38, or adhesive attachment. The magnet stacks 32 of adjacent modules 30 interact to couple the modules, e.g., 30a and 30b, by magnetic attraction. As in prior embodiments, the magnet stacks 32 may be non-rotatable on a longitudinal axis, e.g., because they are formed in a complementary, non-rotatable shape relative to the caps 22 (FIG. 1). Alternatively, the magnet stacks 32 may have a cylindrical, rectangular, square or other cross-sectional shape. In any case, the magnet stacks 32 would be confined to slide in a substantially axial direction within a mating hollow housing 23.
The stacks 32a1 and 32b1 are oriented with reverse polarity when positioned immediately adjacent one another and therefore exert a relative magnetic attraction in this position. Stacks 32b2 and 32c1 have the same polar orientation such that like poles would be adjacent one another if positioned directly adjacent, like 32a1 and 32b1. Because the magnet stacks 32b2 and 32c1 can move within the hollow 22h (FIG. 2) between corner pieces 20, when modules 30b and 30c are brought into proximity, the magnet stacks 32b2 and 32c1 can establish mutual attraction by one of the magnet stacks, e.g., 32c1 shifting relative to 32b2 to a position where dissimilar poles of the magnets 34, 38 in the respective stacks align. Because the magnet stacks, e.g., 32b2 and 32c1 can both move along a range of motion of Mt=M1+M2, and because there are a plurality of positions where the dissimilar poles may align (attributable to the plurality of magnets 34, 38 with spacers therebetween) the modules 30b, 30c may assume a variety of magnetically coupled positions, a subset of which are shown in dotted lines labeled P5, P6 and P7.
FIG. 5 shows a three-dimensional structure 50 formed by connecting a plurality of modules 10, 20, 30 via their magnetic attraction to one another. The modules 10, 20, 30 may be of the same type, e.g., all modules like those shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4, or may be of mixed types. As noted above, the slideable magnets, 24 or magnet stacks 32 within the modules may be utilized to assemble modules 10, 20, 30 at a variety of positional offsets to produce different types of structures 50.
It will be understood that the embodiments described herein are merely exemplary and that a person skilled in the art may make many variations and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the claimed subject matter. For example, while the magnets 24 are described above in one embodiment as having a complementary shape to the caps 22, which prevents rotation of the magnets 24 relative to the caps 22, alternative means for preventing rotation could be employed, such as a sleeve with one or more external ribs into which the magnet 24 is inserted and/or to which the magnet 24 is fastened, e.g., by gluing. All such variations and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.
Patent Grant
9022829
