For thousands of years, people have relied on traditional fossil fuels such as petroleum, coal and other mineral resources as a source of power. The utilization of fossil fuels has enabled large-scale industrial development. However, increased consumption of fossil fuels in recent years has rapidly depleted fossil fuels. In 2017, the United States imported about 19% of the petroleum it consumed; transportation accounts for nearly three-fourth of the total United States petroleum consumption. Usage of more energy efficient vehicles such as hybrid and plug-in electric vehicles reduces the usage of traditional fossil fuels for transportation since hybrid and plug-in electric vehicles typically use less petroleum fuel compared to vehicles that are powered by conventional internal combustion engines. Plug-in electric vehicles and all electric vehicles are capable of being powered solely by electricity which is produced in the United States from natural gas, domestic coal, nuclear energy, solar energy, and other renewable resources.
A plug-in electric vehicle requires a supply point with a cable and an electrical supply connector at an end of the cable that interfaces with a receiving connector on the plug-in electric vehicle to charge the plug-in electric vehicle. The current state of art involves a plug and plug receptor that requires a human being to first precisely align the plug with a plug receptor, and then apply a force to mate the plug with the plug receptor. For example, the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) J1772 plug, a five pin plug requires precise manual alignment of the plug and plug receptor, and a substantial force to insert the plug into the plug receptor. The SAE J1772 uses a charging standard conforming to the SAE Electric Vehicle and Plug in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Conductive Charge Coupler standard, document number J1772, published January 2010 (“SAE J1772 standard”. Further human intervention is necessary for activating a switch that enables transfer of electrical power from the electrical supply point to one or more batteries in the plug-in electric vehicle. Alternatively, the current state of the art provides advanced mechanical and/or electrical devices that automatically align and mate the plug and the plug receptor. However, such automatic alignment systems are expensive, fragile, and complicated. An additional critical component of the standard and state of the art is safety involving handling of high voltage as the cable from the electrical supply point usually lies on a pavement and is exposed to dust, heat and moisture, resulting in wear and tear of the cable. Further, the wear and tear of cable may result in electrical shocks to a user when the user is exposed to a bare cable. Though wireless charging devices are available in the market for charging electronic devices, wireless charging device for large vehicles such as electric cars are rarely reported.
Hence, there is a long felt need for a charging device that does not require substantial human effort or intervention to precisely align and mate an electrical supply connector connected to the electrical supply point with an electrical receiving connector connected to the plug-in electric vehicle. Also, there is a need for a charging device that automatically initiates charging of the plug-in electric vehicle after a successful connection is established between the electrical supply connector and the electrical receiving connector. Furthermore, there is a need for a charging device that is inexpensive, simple, safe, and robust. Moreover, there is a need for a charging device that is less susceptible to heat, dust, moisture, and wear and tear.
This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further disclosed in the detailed description of the invention. This summary is not intended to determine the scope of the claimed subject matter.
The method and charging devices disclosed herein address the above recited needs for a charging device that does requires minimal human effort and intervention to precisely align and mate an electrical supply connector connected to the electrical supply point with an electrical receiving connector connected to the plug-in electric vehicle. Furthermore, the charging device disclosed herein automatically initiates charging of the plug-in electric vehicle after a successful connection is established between the electrical supply connector and the electrical receiving connector. Furthermore, the charging device disclosed herein is inexpensive, simple, safe, and robust. Moreover, the charging device disclosed herein is less susceptible to heat, dust, moisture, and wear and tear.
The electrical supply connector device disclosed herein comprises a flexible support member and a supply connector frame connected to a lower end of the flexible support member. The supply connector frame comprises magnetic nodes. For example, the magnetic nodes are mounted on the supply connector frame.
The electrical receiving connector device disclosed herein comprises a receiving connector frame and magnetic nodes mounted on the receiving connector frame.
In the method disclosed herein, the electrical supply connector device and the receiving connector device are attached. For example, the electrical supply connector device and the receiving connector device are attached in order to initiate a flow of electrical current from the electrical supply connector device to the receiving connector device. The magnetic nodes on the supply connector frame and the magnetic nodes on the receiving connector frame are arranged in a first configuration. The receiving connector frame is aligned with the supply connector frame. The receiving connector frame is advanced towards the supply connector frame. The magnetic nodes on the supply connector frame are attached to a corresponding one of the magnetic nodes on the receiving connector frame. The flexible support member comprising the supply connector frame located at the lower end of the flexible support member reduces the precision and force required for establishing a connection between the electrical supply connector device and the electrical receiving connector device. The flexible support member provides a flexibility for movement of the supply connector frame towards the receiving connector frame when the magnetic nodes on the supply connector frame and the plurality of magnetic nodes on the receiving connector frame of the electrical receiving connector device are in proximity with each other. The magnetic nodes on the supply connector frame are configured to magnetically attract and attach to the corresponding one of the magnetic nodes on the receiving connector frame.
In one or more embodiments, related systems comprise circuitry and/or programming for effecting the methods disclosed herein. The circuitry and/or programming can be any combination of hardware, software, and/or firmware configured to implement the methods disclosed herein depending upon the design choices of the system designer. Also, in an embodiment, various structural elements can be employed depending on the design choices of the system designer.
The foregoing summary, as well as the following detailed description of the invention, is better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings. For illustrating the invention, exemplary constructions of the invention are shown in the drawings. However, the invention is not limited to the specific methods and components disclosed herein. The description of a method step or a component referenced by a numeral in a drawing is applicable to the description of that method step or component shown by that same numeral in any subsequent drawing herein.
In an embodiment, the electrical supply connector device 101 comprises a flexible support member 101g and a supply connector frame 101h connected to a lower end 101i of the flexible support member 101g. The supply connector frame 101h comprises magnetic nodes 102, 103, and 104. The magnetic nodes 102, 103, and 104 are configured to be connected to an electrical power supply 105. For example, the magnetic nodes 102, 103, and 104 are configured to be connected to the electrical power supply 105 through a supply relay circuit 501, as exemplarily illustrated in
As shown in
In an embodiment, the electrical supply connector device 101 is used to charge an electric vehicle 202. The electric vehicle 202 to be charged using the electrical supply connector device 101 comprises an electrical receiving connector device 119 as exemplarily illustrated in
In an embodiment, the flexible support member 101g comprises a first spring member 101a and a second spring member 101b, located along a length of the flexible support member 101g. Furthermore, the first spring member 101a and the second spring member 101b are arranged substantially parallel to each other. The flexible support member 101g comprises a first binder 101j and a second binder 101c. An upper end 101t of the first spring member 101a and an upper end 101u of the second spring member 101b are fastened to the first binder 101j. A lower end 101v of the first spring member 101a and a lower end 101w of the second spring member 101b are fastened to the second binder 101c, as exemplarily illustrated in
The supply connector frame 101h comprises a first substantially flat surface 201a and a second substantially flat surface 201b below the first substantially flat surface 201a, as exemplarily illustrated in
In an embodiment, the electrical supply connector device 101 comprising the flexible support member 101g and the supply connector frame 101h comprising the magnetic nodes 102, 103, and 104 reduces the precision and force required for establishing a connection between the electrical supply connector device 101 and an electrical receiving connector device 119, as shown in
In the above embodiment, the precision and force required for establishing a connection between the electrical supply connector device 101 and an electrical receiving connector device 119 is significantly less compared to a conventional plugged connection, while simultaneously providing flexibility to the magnetic nodes 102, 103, and 104 in the supply connector frame 101h to magnetically attract and attach to a corresponding one of the magnetic nodes 107, 108, and 109 in the receiving connector frame 106.
In an embodiment, the magnetic nodes 102, 103, and 104 on the supply connector frame 101h and the magnetic nodes 107, 108, and 109 on the receiving connector frame 106 are electrically conductive, and include one or a combination of permanent magnets, electro-permanent magnets and electromagnets. Furthermore, the magnetic nodes 102, 103, and 104 on the supply connector frame 101h are physically mounted on the supply connector frame 101h, and the magnetic nodes 107, 108, and 109 on the receiving connector frame 106 are physically mounted on the receiving connector frame 106. For example, the magnetic nodes 102, 103, and 104, and the magnetic nodes 107, 108, and 109 are physically hard mounted by drilling or welding the magnetic nodes 102, 103, 104, 107, 108, and 109 on the supply connector frame 101h and the receiving connector frame 106. The magnetic nodes 102, 103, 104, 107, 108, and 109 do not require resilient mounts to connect with another one of the magnetic nodes 102, 103, 104, 107, 108, and 109.
In an embodiment, the first spring member 101a and the second spring member 101b that are located along the length of the flexible support member 101g allow the electrical supply connector device 101 to be stretched and pulled towards the receiving connector device 119 for attaching the magnetic nodes 102, 103, and 104 on the supply connector frame 101h to the corresponding one of the magnetic nodes 107, 108, and 109 on the receiving connector frame 106.
As exemplary illustrated in
In an embodiment, as shown in
In an embodiment, the electrical receiving connector device 119 comprises a receiving connector frame 106 and magnetic nodes 107, 108, and 109 attached to the receiving connector frame 106, as exemplarily illustrated in
As exemplarily illustrated in
As exemplarily illustrated in
The electrical supply connector device 101 disclosed herein allows an otherwise non-precisely aligned supply connector frame 101h to align and connect with a receiving connector frame 106. The spring members 101a and 101b of the flexible support member 101g offer the required stretch 201c necessary for the supply connector frame 101h to pull itself towards the receiving connector frame 106 that may be out of alignment or distanced from the supply connector frame 101h, for example, by about 3 inches or less, with a magnetic force created due to attraction of magnetic nodes 102, 103, and 104, with magnetic nodes 107, 108, and 109, and connect with the receiving connector frame 106. The electrical supply connector device 101 comprises affordable components comprising first and second spring members 101a and 101b, and magnetic connectors 102, 103, and 104. The electrical supply connector device 101 allows establishment of a reliable magnetic connection for charging an electric vehicle 202. Furthermore, the electrical supply connector device 101 is simply retracted away when the charging is complete to terminate the connection.
As exemplarily illustrated in
As illustrated in
The magnetic nodes 102, 103, and 104 located in the supply connector frame 101h and the magnetic nodes 107, 108, and 109 located in the receiving connector frame 106 are tripod magnetic node mirrors, to magnetically mate the supply connector frame 101h to the receiving connector frame 106 located on the electric vehicle 202, to charge the electric vehicle 202. As both the connector assemblies employ a tripod scheme for the arrangement of magnetic nodes 102, 103, 104, 107, 108, and 109, resilient mechanisms are not necessary since the tripod scheme provides hard physical mating of each of the magnetic nodes 102, 103, 104, 107, 108, and 109 on both the electrical supply connector device 101 and the electrical receiving connector device 119.
In an embodiment, the rotatable member 401b, for example, is configured to rotate the first arm 402, the second arm 403, the movable joint 404, and the electrical supply connector device 101 about a horizontal axis of the base 401a. In another embodiment, the rotatable member 401b, for example, is configured to rotate the first arm 402, the second arm 403, the movable joint 404, and the electrical supply connector device 101 about one or more of a horizontal axis and a vertical axis of the base 401a. The first arm 402 comprises a first end 402a connected to the rotatable member 401b and a second end 402b connected to a first end 403a of the second arm 403. The second end 403b of the second arm 403 is connected to a first end 406a of the flexible support member 406 and a second end 406b of the flexible support member 406 is attached to the supply connector frame 101h. In this embodiment, movements of the flexible support member 406 connecting the supply connector frame 101h is activated by a sensor 405 using servo motors located in the movable joint 404 and the swivel structure 401.
The movable joint 404 is configured to rotate the electrical supply connector device 101 about a vertical axis of the supply connector device 101. The sensor 405 monitors and identifies a location of the receiving connector frame 106. After identifying the location of the receiving connector frame 106, the sensor 405 utilizes a control circuitry to provide signals to the servo motors in the swivel structure 401 and the moveable joint 404, to position the supply connector frame 101h into connectable proximity of the receiving connector frame 106. Therefore, the sensor 405 enables the supply connector frame 101h to attach to the receiving connector frame 106, when the electric vehicle 202 equipped with receiving connector frame 106 approaches the supply connector frame 101h. In this embodiment, the structure of the flexible support member 406 may be similar to the structure of the flexible support member 101g described in
In an embodiment, the supply relay circuit 501 comprises a first reed switch S1112 and a second magnet M2503. The first reed switch S1112 is activated due to proximity of a first magnet M1504 in the receiving relay circuit 502 of the receiving connector device 119. The activation of the first reed switch S1112 causes a first relay R1113 of the supply relay circuit 501 to establish a circuit path for flow of the electrical current from the electrical power supply 105 to the magnetic nodes 103 and 104 on the supply connector frame 101h. The receiving relay circuit comprises a second reed switch S2114 that is activated by proximity of the second magnet M2503 in the supply relay circuit 501. The activation of the second reed switch S2114 causes the second relay R2115 of the receiving relay circuit 502 to establish a circuit path for flow of the electrical current from the magnetic nodes 103 and 104 on the supply connector frame 101h to one or more batteries connected to the receiving relay circuit 502 through the magnetic nodes 108 and 109 on the receiving connector device 119 attached to the magnetic nodes 103 and 104 of the electrical supply connector device 101.
In an embodiment, the magnetic nodes 103 and 104 on the supply connector frame 101h and the magnetic nodes 108 and 109 on the receiving connector frame 106 are high current exposed magnetic nodes. As exemplarily illustrated in
Low voltage is not generally dangerous to an user. For instance, a 12 volt car battery has enough wattage to start a car's engine, but because of the low voltage potential in 12 volts, an user cannot be shocked even if he puts his wet hands on both the positive and negative poles of a 12 volt car battery at the same time. Similarly, a common 9 volt radio battery when dragged with wet hands results only an annoying amount of wattage with no injury. High voltage is significantly more dangerous and can potentially kill an user. A typical socket in a house can deliver a severe and possibly life threatening shock at 120 volts. There is therefore usually a significant difference in danger in higher voltages compared to safer lower voltages.
The SAE J1772 standard employs a signaling protocol used for signaling between electric vehicle 202 and the supply connector device 101 to communicate charging states, and to initiate and terminate charging. When the batteries of the electric vehicle 202 are completely charged, the SAE J1772 sends a signal to the supply connector device 101.
The intervention circuit 600 is further configured to automatically reset itself restoring the third relay R3610 and the fourth relay R4611 to the closed position allowing the Pilot wire ‘P’ 116 that is in connection with the charger to open a new communication with the electric vehicle 202 for instigating a logical connection and for providing an opportunity to continue charging or create a new charging process. The closed connection of the proximity wire 111 of the electric vehicle 202 connects the proximity wire 111 to a ground wire 105g and adds an appropriate J1772 signal ohmic resistance RS 614.
In an embodiment, the license plate frame sized receiving connector frame 106 is mounted on a license plate frame of the electric vehicle 202. The license plate frame sized supply connector frame 101h with wires 105 connected to magnetic nodes 102, 103, and 104 on the supply connector frame 101h conducts electricity through the contacts, i.e. magnetic nodes 102, 103, and 104 located on the supply connector frame 101h to contacts, i.e., magnetic nodes 107, 108, and 109 mounted on the receiving connector frame 106. Shape of a license plate and area of installation of the license plate area are in general universally common to each vehicle type, for example, vehicle types such as cars, trucks, motorcycles, etc. Therefore, the receiving connector frame 106 and/or electrical receiving connector device 119 may be designed or manufactured to a specific vehicle type.
As exemplarily illustrated in
As exemplarily illustrated in
As exemplarily illustrated in
In an embodiment, the receiving connector frame 106 is part of a side, quarter panel or fender of any electric vehicle 202. The permanent and/or electromagnets 120a, 121a, and 122a and the receiving inductor coil 124 are placed under a body panel of the electric vehicle 202 instead of a license plate frame. Here, when the permanent and/or electromagnets 120b, 121b, and 122b of the supply connector frame 101h are connected to the permanent and/or electromagnets 120a, 121a, and 122a of the receiving connector frame 106, the supply inductor coil 125 uses an electromagnetic field to transfer energy to the receiving inductor coil 124 through the body panel of electric vehicle 202. In an embodiment, the permanent and/or electromagnets 120a, 121a, and 122a of the receiving connector frame 106 are positioned on the body panel of the electric vehicle 202 for the most direct possible inductive connection.
In an embodiment, the supply connector frame 101h is positioned in a predetermined position corresponding to x, y, z coordinates of a license plate of the electric vehicle 202 in a parking garage so that the when electric vehicle 202 with the license plate frame sized receiving connector frame 106 approaches the supply connector frame 101h of the electrical supply connector device 101, the magnetic nodes 107, 108 and 109 of the receiving connector frame 106 is attracted to the magnetic nodes 102, 103, and 104 of the supply connector frame 101h to charge the electric vehicle 202. Here, one end of the elongated support member is attached towards a rigid support structure 118 such as a beam in a parking garage so as to mount the elongated support member to a plug receptor located on the beam to provide power supply to the wires 105 connected to the electrical supply connector device 101.
Thus, the electrical supply connector device 101 uses spring members 101a, 101b, wired magnetic nodes 102, 103, and 104 to provide a cost effective charging device to charge the electric vehicle 202. The magnetic nodes 102, 103, and 104 located in the supply connector frame 101h and the magnetic nodes 107, 108, and 109 located in the receiving connector frame 106 are tripod magnetic node mirrors, to magnetically mate the supply connector frame 101h to the receiving connector frame 106 located on the electric vehicle 202, to charge the electric vehicle 202. Further, the electrical supply and receiving connector devices 101, 119 are only activated when the magnetic nodes 102, 103, 104, 107, 108, and 109 of the electrical supply and receiving connector devices 101, 119 are in proximity.
The method also provides 902 an electrical receiving connector device 119 comprising a plurality of magnetic nodes 107, 108, and 109 arranged in the first configuration, for example, a tripod configuration as disclosed in the detailed description of
A flow of electrical current is initiated from the electrical power supply 105 to the magnetic nodes 102, 103, 104 of the electrical supply connector device 101, when the magnetic nodes 107, 108, 109 of the electrical receiving connector device 119 are in direct contact with the magnetic nodes 102, 103, 104 of the electrical supply connector device 101 by a supply relay circuit as disclosed in the detailed description of
In an embodiment, when the receiving connector frame 106 is aligned with a supply connector frame 101h, a circuit path is established for the flow of the electrical current through a receiving relay circuit of the receiving connector device 119 to charge one or more batteries connected to the receiving relay circuit. A reed switch S2114 located on the receiving connector device 119 is activated by the proximity of a second magnet M2503 of the electrical supply connector device 101 as disclosed in the detailed description of
In an alternative embodiment, the receiving connector frame 106 comprises permanent and/or electromagnets 120a, 121a, and 122a, and a receiving inductor coil 124. The supply connector frame 101h comprises permanent and/or electromagnets 120b, 121b, and 122b, and a supply inductor coil 125. After the supply connector frame 101h and the receiving connector frame 106 are mated together by the movement of the spring members 101a, 101b, the supply inductor coil 125 is aligned to the receiving inductor coil 124 for charging the electric vehicle 202. The supply inductor coil 125 is configured to generate an electromagnetic field for transferring energy to the receiving inductor coil 124, when the supply inductor coil 125 is aligned with the receiving inductor coil 124.
As exemplarily illustrated in
The foregoing examples have been provided merely for explanation and are in no way to be construed as limiting of the electrical supply connector device 101 and the electrical receiving connector device 119 disclosed herein. While the electrical supply connector device 101 and the electrical receiving connector device 119 have been described with reference to various embodiments, it is understood that the words, which have been used herein, are words of description and illustration, rather than words of limitation. Furthermore, although the electrical supply connector device 101 and the electrical receiving connector device 119 have been described herein with reference to particular means, materials, and embodiments, the electrical supply connector device 101 and the electrical receiving connector device 119 are not intended to be limited to the particulars disclosed herein; rather, the electrical supply connector device 101 and the electrical receiving connector device 119 extend to all functionally equivalent structures, methods and uses, such as are within the scope of the appended claims. While multiple embodiments are disclosed, it will be understood by those skilled in the art, having the benefit of the teachings of this specification, that the method, the electrical supply connector device 101, and the electrical receiving connector device 119 disclosed herein are capable of modifications and other embodiments may be effected and changes may be made thereto, without departing from the scope and spirit of the electrical supply connector device 101 and electrical receiving connector device 119 disclosed herein.
This application claims priority to and the benefit of provisional patent application titled “AUTOMATIC CONNECTION DEVICE” application No. 62/571,242, filed in the United States Patent Office on Oct. 11, 2017, provisional patent application titled “QUICK ELECTRIC CONNECT/DISCONNECT DEVICE” application No. 62/578,662, filed in the United States Patent Office on Oct. 30, 2017, and provisional patent application titled “AUTOMATIC EV CHARGING CONNECTION III” application No. 62/626,203 filed in the United States Patent Office on Feb. 5, 2018. The specifications of the above referenced patent applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.