The present disclosure relates generally to oil and gas exploration and production operations and, more particularly, to managed pressure drilling (“MPD”) manifolds for use in oil and gas drilling operations, and to related modules and methods.
An MPD system may include one or more drilling chokes and one or more flowmeters, with the drilling chokes and the flowmeter being separate and distinct from one another. The drilling chokes are in fluid communication with a wellbore that traverses a subterranean formation. As a result, the MPD system may be used to control backpressure in the wellbore as part of an adaptive drilling process that allows greater control of the annular pressure profile throughout the wellbore. During such a process, the flowmeter may be used to measure the flow rate of drilling mud received from the wellbore.
In some situations, it is desirable to have the fluid flow in the MPD system bypass one or more portions of the system in order to maintain appropriate backpressure in the wellbore. For example, in case of choke failure and/or blockage, the fluid flow in the MPD system can be rerouted to bypass one or more of the drilling chokes in order to prevent a spike in pressure in the wellbore, as a sudden increase in pressure above a certain level could lead to unwanted fractures in the formation and/or compromise the integrity of surface equipment (e.g. the flowmeter) and cause leakage of wellbore fluids to the atmosphere. In another example, it is necessary for the fluid in the MPD system to bypass the flowmeter during maintenance and servicing of the flowmeter or when there is blockage in the flowmeter.
Conventional MPD manifolds require human operators to manually open and close valves in order to bypass certain portions of the MPD system, even if the pressures of the MPD system are digitally monitored by a computer. As such, conventional MPD manifolds are error prone as the maintenance of appropriate pressure in the wellbore relies on human operators to open and close valves in the proper sequence. Failure to open and close the valves in the proper sequence can, in some cases, lead to a pressure spike in the wellbore causing unwanted fractures therein, which may cause fluid loss. Further, such unwanted fractures may lead to damage of surface equipment and may eventually cause a blowout of the well and leakage of wellbore fluids into the atmosphere. Another disadvantage of conventional MPD manifolds is that the response time to a failure event can be slow as it takes time for the human operator to travel to the manifold and to execute the valve opening/closing sequence.
Some drilling systems have a relief valve, usually upstream of the MPD manifold, for rerouting fluid to bypass the MPD manifold if there is a failure and/or blockage in the manifold causing an increase in fluid pressure in the system. The relief valve is configured to actuate when the fluid pressure in the system exceeds a predetermined threshold in order to prevent the fluid pressure from increasing any further. The predetermined threshold of the relief valve is often fixed and, in some cases, the relief valve may be actuated when the system pressure is already higher than the limit within which the well pressure profile is safe.
Therefore, a need exists for an improved MPD manifold.
According to a broad aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an MPD manifold comprising one or more valves that are operated by one or more actuators configured to synchronize the opening of one or more passageways in the valves with the closing of one or more of the other passageways in the valves, in order to minimize the likelihood of error and reduce response time in case of a failure event. The valves are configured to transition smoothly between positions without fully blocking fluid flow in the manifold during the transition. The synchronization may be achieved mechanically, electrically, hydraulic, pneumatically, or a combination thereof. The one or more actuators may be controlled by a control unit having a processor and control logic software executable by the processor, based on data collected by one or more sensors in the MPD manifold. The positions of the one or more valves of the MPD manifold may be automatically adjusted by the control unit via the one or more actuators.
According to a broad aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a manifold for use in a managed pressured drilling operation, the manifold comprising: one or more housings; a first passageway and a second passageway defined in the one or more housings; a first valve assembly comprising: a first valve control mechanism in communication with the first and second passageways, the first valve control mechanism movable to synchronously open and/or close the first and second passageways; and a first actuator operably coupled to the first valve control mechanism for actuating the first valve control mechanism to transition the first valve assembly between a first position and a second position, wherein one of: (i) in the first position, the first passageway is open and the second passageway is closed; and in the second position, the first passageway is closed and the second passageway is open; and (ii) in the first position, the first and second passageways are open; and in the second position, the first and second passageways are closed.
In some embodiments, the manifold comprises: a third passageway defined in the one or more housings, wherein the first valve control mechanism is in communication with the third passageway, the first valve control mechanism movable to synchronously open and/or close the first, second, and third passageways; the first actuator is operable to actuate the first valve control mechanism to transition the first valve assembly between the first position, the second position, and a third position; and one of: (i) in the first position, the first passageway is open, and the second and third passageways are closed; in the second position, the first and third passageways are closed, and the second passageway is open; and in the third position, the first and second passageways are closed, and the third passageways is open; (ii) in the first position, the first and third passageways are open, and the second passageway is closed; in the second position, the first passageway is closed, and the second and third passageways are open; and in the third position, the first and second passageways are open, and the third passageway is closed; and (iii) in the first position, the first and third passageways are open, and the second passageway is closed; in the second position, the first and third passageways are closed, and the second passageway is open; and the third position is the same as the second position.
In some embodiments, actuating the first valve control mechanism comprises moving the first valve control mechanism axially and/or rotationally.
In some embodiments, the first valve control mechanism comprises a gate valve.
In some embodiments, the first, second, and third passageways are defined in one of the one or more housings.
In some embodiments, the manifold comprises: a fourth passageway and a fifth passageway defined in the one or more housings; and a second valve assembly comprising: a second valve control mechanism in communication with the fourth and fifth passageways, the second valve control mechanism movable to synchronously open and/or close the fourth and fifth passageways; and a second actuator operably coupled to the second valve control mechanism for actuating the second valve control mechanism to transition the second valve assembly between a fourth position and a fifth position, wherein one of: (i) in the fourth position, the fourth passageway is open and the fifth passageway is closed; and in the fifth position, the fourth passageway is closed and the fifth passageway is open; and (ii) in the fourth position, the fourth and fifth passageways are open; and in the fifth position, the fourth and fifth passageways are closed.
In some embodiments, the second actuator is one and the same as the first actuator.
In some embodiments, the first valve control mechanism is hydraulically synchronized with the second valve control mechanism such that when the first valve assembly is in the first and second positions, the second valve assembly is in the fourth and fifth positions, respectively.
In some embodiments, the first actuator and the second actuator are configured to simultaneously actuate the first and second valve control mechanisms, respectively, and the first and second actuators are synchronized mechanically, electrically, hydraulically, pneumatically, or a combination thereof, such that: when the first and second passageways are open, the fourth and fifth passageways are closed; and when the first and second passageways are closed, the fourth and fifth passageways are open.
In some embodiments, the manifold comprises a sixth passageway defined in the one or more housings; and a third valve assembly comprising: a third valve control mechanism in communication with the sixth passageway, the third valve control mechanism movable to open and close the sixth passageway; and a third actuator operably coupled to the third valve control mechanism for actuating the third valve control mechanism to transition the third valve assembly between a sixth position and a seventh position, wherein in the sixth position, the sixth passageway is open; and in the seventh position, the sixth passageway is closed.
In some embodiments, the third actuator is one and the same as the first actuator.
In some embodiments, the first actuator and the third actuator are configured to simultaneously actuate the first and third valve control mechanisms, respectively, and the first and third actuators are synchronized mechanically, electrically, hydraulically, pneumatically, or a combination thereof, such that: when the first and second passageways are open, the sixth passageway is closed; and when the first and second passageways are closed, the sixth passageway is open.
In some embodiments, the manifold comprises: an inlet; and a drilling choke, wherein the first and second passageways are in communication with the inlet; and one of the first and second passageways is in communication with the drilling choke.
In some embodiments, the manifold comprises: an inlet; and a drilling choke, wherein the first passageway is in communication with the inlet; and the first and second passageways are in communication with the drilling choke.
In some embodiments, the sixth passageway is in communication with the inlet.
In some embodiments, the manifold comprises: an outlet; and a flowmeter, wherein the first passageway is in communication with the flowmeter; and the first and second passageways are in communication with the outlet.
In some embodiments, the manifold comprises: an outlet; and a flowmeter, wherein the first and second passageways are in communication with the flowmeter; and the second passageway is in communication with the outlet.
In some embodiments, the sixth passageway is in communication with the outlet.
In some embodiments, the first actuator is remotely controlled.
In some embodiments, the first actuator is a hydraulic actuator, an electrical actuator, a pneumatic actuator, or a combination thereof.
According to another broad aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method of operating a managed pressure drilling manifold having a first choke, a second choke, and a flowmeter, the method comprising: receiving well upstream data, well downstream data, and well data; receiving flowmeter pressure data and choke pressure data; determining a status of the first choke, a status of the second choke, a status of the flowmeter, based at least in part on the well upstream data, well downstream data, well data, flowmeter pressure data, and/or choke pressure data; remotely activating, based on the determination, one or more actuators to: place a choke section valve assembly in a first position to allow fluid to flow through the first choke but not the second choke; place the choke section valve assembly in a second position to allow fluid to flow through the second choke but not the first choke; place the choke section valve assembly in a third position to allow fluid to bypass both the first choke and the second choke; or place the choke section valve assembly in a fourth position to allow fluid to flow through both the first choke and the second choke; and place a flowmeter section valve assembly in a first position to allow fluid to flow through the flowmeter; or place the flowmeter section valve assembly in a second position to allow fluid to bypass the flowmeter.
The details of one or more embodiments are set forth in the description below. Other features and advantages will be apparent from the specification and the claims.
Embodiments will now be described by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying simplified, diagrammatic, not-to-scale drawings. Any dimensions provided in the drawings are provided only for illustrative purposes, and do not limit the scope as defined by the claims. In the drawings:
All terms not defined herein will be understood to have their common art-recognized meanings. To the extent that the following description is of a specific embodiment or a particular use, it is intended to be illustrative only, and not limiting. The following description is intended to cover all alternatives, modifications and equivalents that are included in the scope, as defined in the appended claims.
Typically, the one or more drilling chokes 30a,30b are for maintaining the desired backpressure of the drilling mud within the wellbore. While MPD manifolds may operate with only one choke, additional chokes are usually included for redundancy. The flowmeter 40 can be configured to measure, volumetric flow rate, mass flow rate, temperature, density, and/or concentration of the fluid flowing therethrough. For example, the flowmeter 40 may be a Coriolis flowmeter.
The chokes 30a,30b are connected in parallel with the choke gut line 34. Each choke 30a,30b is connected in series with the flowmeter 40 and flowmeter gut line 44. Each choke 30a,30b is positioned between a respective pair of choke valves 32a,32b such that fluid flow through the choke is controlled by opening and closing the respective choke valves 32a,32b. The choke gut line 34 has a choke gut line valve 36 which controls the flow of fluids through the choke gut line 34. The chokes 30a,30b, the choke gut line 34, the choke valves 32a,32b, and the choke gut line valve 36 are collectively referred to as the choke section C1 of the manifold 10.
The flowmeter 40 is positioned between a pair of flowmeter valves 42, the opening and closing of which control the flow of fluids through the flowmeter 40. The flowmeter gut line 44 has a flowmeter gut line valve 46 which controls the flow of fluids through the flowmeter gut line 44. The flowmeter 40 the flowmeter gut line 44, the flowmeter valves 42, and the flowmeter gut line valve 46 are collectively referred to as the flowmeter section F1 of the manifold 10.
In operation, the manifold 10 receives fluid from the wellbore at inlet 18 via, for example, a rotating control device. The pressure sensor 24 is situated close to the inlet 18 to measure the pressure of the incoming fluid as it passes through the pressure sensor 24. The fluid then takes one of three flow paths in the choke section C1 depending on which valves are open and which are closed.
If the pair of choke valves 32a associated with the first choke 30a are open, and choke gut line valve 36 and choke valves 32b are closed, the fluid flows through the first choke 30a and bypasses the choke gut line 34 and the second choke 30b.
If the pair of choke valves 32b associated with the second choke 30b are open, and the choke gut line valve 36 and choke valves 32a are closed, the fluid flows through the second choke 30b and bypasses the choke gut line 34 and the first choke 30a.
If the choke valves 32a,32b of both chokes 30a,30b are closed and the choke gut line valve 36 is open, the fluid flows through the choke gut line 34 and bypasses both chokes 30a,30b.
The fluid then flows out of the choke section C1 and to the flowmeter section F1 downstream. The fluid takes one of two flow paths in the flowmeter section F1. If the flowmeter gut line valve 46 is closed and the flowmeter valves 42 are open, the fluid flows through the flowmeter 40 and bypasses the flowmeter gut line 44 to exit the manifold 10 at outlet 22. If the flowmeter valves 42 are closed and the flowmeter gut line valve 46 is open, the fluid flows through the flowmeter gut line 44 and bypasses the flowmeter 40 to exit the manifold 10 at outlet 22. In some embodiments, a mud gas separator is adapted to receive the fluid from outlet 22.
As can be seen in
Provided herein is an alternative MPD manifold that may address one or more of the above-described shortcomings of the prior art manifold. The MPD manifold described herein has one or more valves that are operable by one or more actuators configured to synchronize the opening of one or more passageways in the valves with the closing of one or more of the other passageways in the valves, in order to reduce or minimize the likelihood of error and/or reduce response time in case of a failure event. The manifold is configured to transition the valves smoothly between positions without fully blocking fluid flow in the manifold while changing the flow path. The synchronization may be achieved mechanically, electrically, hydraulically, pneumatically, or a combination thereof. The one or more actuators may be (remotely) controlled by a control unit having a processor and control logic software executable by the processor, based on data collected by one or more sensors in the MPD manifold. The positions of the one or more valves of the MPD manifold may be automatically adjusted by the control unit via the one or more actuators.
During the operation of manifold 20, one or both of the drilling chokes 30a,30b can be adjusted to account for changes in the flow rate of the drilling mud flowing therethrough so that the desired backpressure within the wellbore is maintained. The backpressure applied by the one or more drilling chokes 30a,30b may be adjusted based on data collected by the at least one pressure sensor 24. In some embodiments, only one of the chokes is in operation at any given time to maintain the desired backpressure within the wellbore. In other embodiments, by allowing fluid in the drilling system to flow through two or more chokes simultaneously, the two or more chokes can operate together to maintain the desired backpressure within the wellbore. While the illustrated embodiment shows two drilling chokes 30a,30b, fewer or more drilling chokes may be included in other embodiments. It may be desirable to have at least two drilling chokes in manifold 20 since one of the drilling chokes may be bypassed in case of failure or blockage of same and/or to allow the drilling choke to be inspected, serviced, repaired, or replaced during drilling operations while the other of the drilling chokes remains in service.
The flowmeter section F2 comprises a flowmeter section valve assembly, a flowmeter 40, and a flowmeter gut line 44. In the illustrated embodiment, the flowmeter section valve assembly comprises a third block valve 142. The flowmeter 40 and the flowmeter gut line 44 are fluidly connected to the third block valve 142. While the illustrated embodiment shows one flowmeter, more flowmeters may be included in other embodiments. In may be desirable to have additional flowmeter(s) in manifold 20 since one of the flowmeters may be bypassed in case of failure or blockage of same and/or to allow the flowmeter to be inspected, serviced, repaired, or replaced during drilling operations while another flowmeter remains in service. In some embodiments, manifold 20 may comprise at least two flowmeters 40 and be configured such that, when desired, two or more of the flowmeters can operate simultaneously in parallel. Having two or more flowmeters in operation at the same time may be useful when the fluid flow rate in the manifold is high, in order to reduce or minimize the rate of erosion of the flowmeter components, as the fluid flowing through the manifold often contains abrasive materials. In some embodiments, where the fluid flow rate is high, having two or more flowmeters operating simultaneously may provide more accurate flowmeter measurements.
In an optional embodiment, the manifold 20 comprises at least one second pressure sensor 26 positioned between the choke section C2 and the flowmeter section F2 for measuring the pressure of fluids entering the flowmeter section F2. In other embodiments, the second pressure sensor 26 may be positioned upstream of the flowmeter 40 to measure the pressure of fluids entering the flowmeter 40 to detect, for example, clogging or other failures of the flowmeter 40. In some embodiments, one or both of pressure sensors 24,26 may comprise one or more digital pressure sensors and/or one or more analog pressure sensors (such as a mechanical pressure gauge). In addition to pressure sensors 24,26, one or more instruments (not shown) such as, for example, a temperature sensor, a densitometer, etc. can be operably coupled to the manifold 20. In some embodiments, the temperature sensor and/or the densitometer comprises one or more pressure sensors.
In some embodiments, first block valve 132 and second block valve 136 work together to control the flow of fluids through the choke section C2 such that fluid can generally only flow through one of the first choke 30a, the second choke 30b, and the choke gut line 34. In some embodiments, as illustrated in
In some embodiments, the first and second block valves 132,136 each have a respective first position, a second position, and a third position. In some embodiments, the first and second block valves are synced so that when the first block valve 132 is in its first, second, or third position, the second block valve 136 is also in its first, second, or third position, respectively.
In some embodiments, when the first and second block valves 132,136 are both in the first position, fluid can flow through the first choke 30a but cannot flow through the choke gut line 34 or the second choke 30b. When the first and second block valves 132,136 are both in the second position, fluid can flow through the second choke 30b but cannot flow through the choke gut line 34 or the first choke 30a. When the first and second block valves 132,136 are both in the third position, fluid can flow through the choke gut line 34 but cannot flow through the first choke 30a or the second choke 30b. Thus, when the block valves 132,136 are synced, the flow of fluids can be directed or rerouted as desired through the choke section C2 by changing the position of either one of the block valves 132,136. Accordingly, unlike the prior art manifold 10 where five valves need to be automatically or manually actuated in order to reroute the flow path in the choke section C1, the MPD manifold 20 requires the actuation of only one of the two block valves 132,136 to change the fluid flow path through the choke section C2.
The third block valve 142 is operable to control the flow of fluids through the flowmeter section F2 such that fluid can generally only flow through one of the flowmeter 40 and the flowmeter gut line 44. In some embodiments, the third block valve 142 has a first position and a second position. In the first position, the third block valve 142 allows fluid to flow through the flowmeter 40 but not the flowmeter gut line 44. In the second position, the third block valve 142 allows fluid to flow through the flowmeter gut line 44 but not the flowmeter. Accordingly, unlike the prior art manifold 10 where three valves need to be actuated in order to reroute the flow path in the flowmeter section F1, the MPD manifold 20 requires the actuation of only one block valve 142 to change the fluid flow path through the flowmeter section F2.
In operation, fluid from the wellbore enters the MPD manifold 20 via inlet 18 and the pressure of the incoming fluid is measured by the pressure sensor 24. The data collected from pressure sensor 24 may be used to monitor the fluid pressure near the inlet 18 to provide feedback for controlling the position of one or both of chokes 30a,30b to maintain the desired backpressure in the wellbore and/or to detect, for example, plugging or other failures of the chokes 30a,30b. In some embodiments, other properties such as temperature, density, etc. of the incoming fluid are may also be measured at or near the inlet 18. The fluid then enters the choke section C2 where, depending on the positions of the first and second block valves 132,136, the fluid flows through one of three flow paths. For example, if the first and second block valves 132,136 are in the first position, the fluid only flows through the choke section C2 via the first choke 30a; if the first and second block valves 132,136 are in the second position, the fluid only flows through the choke section C2 via the second choke 30b; and if the first and second block valves 132,136 are in the third position, the fluid only flows through the choke section C2 via the choke gut line 34. Accordingly, the choke section valve assembly formed by block valves 132,136 can control the flow of fluids through the inlet and outlet of each of the first and second chokes 30a,30b and through the choke gut line 34.
After exiting the choke section C2, the fluid flows downstream to the flowmeter section F2 where, depending on the position of the third block valve 142, the fluid flows through one of two flow paths. For example, if the third block valve is in the first position, the fluid only flows through the flowmeter section F2 via the flowmeter 40; and if the third block valve is in the second position, the fluid only flows through the flowmeter section F2 via the flowmeter gut line 44. From the flowmeter section F2, the fluid exits the manifold 20 at outlet 22. Accordingly, the flowmeter section valve assembly formed by block valve 142 can control the flow of fluids through the inlet and outlet of the flowmeter 40 and through the flowmeter gut line 44.
Accordingly, the first and second block valves 132,136 of manifold 20 of the present disclosure can replace the choke valves 32a,32b and choke gut line valve 36 of the prior art manifold 10 and the third block valve 142 can replace the flowmeter valves 42 and flowmeter gut line valve 46 of the prior art manifold 10. The first, second, and third block valves 132,136,142 are described in more detail below.
In some embodiments, all or part of the manifold 20 can be mounted to a skid (not shown). The one or more instruments may also be mounted to the skid. In other embodiments, rather than being mounted to the skid, the manifold 20 may be freestanding on the ground or mounted to a trailer (not shown) that can be towed between operational sites. In further embodiments, the manifold 20 may be mounted on an onshore or offshore rig platform (not shown).
The drilling chokes 30a,30b, the choke gut line 34, the first, second, and third block valves 132,136,142, the flowmeter 40, and the flowmeter gut line 44 may be coupled to one another by one or more flow blocks and/or one or more spools.
In the illustrated embodiment as shown in
In the sample embodiment shown in
In some embodiments, the choke gut line 34 comprises a flow block 60 coupled to, and in fluid communication with, a flow block 64c via a spool 62c. In some embodiments, first choke 30a, second choke 30b, and flow block 60 of the choke gut line 34 are operably coupled to the first block valve 132 via spools 58a,58b,58c, respectively, such that first choke 30a, second choke 30b, and flow block 60 of the choke gut line 34 can fluidly communicate with the first, second, and third passageways 54a,54b,54c, respectively. In some embodiments, first choke 30a is coupled to, and in fluid communication with, a flow block 64a via a spool 62a; and second choke 30b is coupled to, and in fluid communication with, a flow block 64b via a spool 62b.
With reference to
Second block valve 136 is coupled to, and in fluid communication with, a flow block 80 via spools 78a,78b,78c. In the illustrated embodiment, spools 78a,78b,78c operably connect the second block valve 136 with the flow block 80 such that flow block 80 can fluidly communicate with the first, second, and third passageways 74a,74b,74c via 78a,78b,78c, respectively. In the illustrated embodiment, flow block 80 is coupled to the third block valve 142 via spools 82a,82b so flow block 80 can fluid communicate with the third block valve 142. With specific reference to
The flowmeter gut line 44 is operably connected to the third block valve 142. In some embodiments, the flowmeter gut line 44 comprises a spool 102 that is coupled to, and in fluid communication with, the third block valve 142. In the illustrated embodiment, spool 102 is coupled to, and in fluid communication with, passageway 154b of block valve 142. Spool 102 is coupled to, and in fluid communication with, a flow block 106 so that flow block 106 can fluidly communicate with passageway 154b. Another spool 104 also connects the third block valve 142 and the flow block 106 to allow fluid communication therebetween. In the illustrated embodiment, spool 104 is coupled to, and in fluid communication with, passageway 154c of block valve 142 so that flow block 106 can fluidly communicate with passageway 154c. Outlet 22 is positioned in a passageway of flow block 106 and is in fluid communication with both of spools 102 and 104 via flow block 106.
In some embodiments, the manifold 120 is configured to reduce or minimize its footprint and/or to fit into a particular space, for example a skid. In some embodiments, manifold 120 is configured to reduce or minimize empty space between its components. In some embodiments, manifold 120 is configured to reduce the number of fluid couplings, and thus potential leak paths, required to make up the manifold 120.
Hereafter, in reference to the orientation of the various components of manifold 120, the relative orientation may refer to the structure of the component itself (e.g. the body and/or the inner bore of the spool) or the passageway of the flow block or block valve to which the component is connected. In a sample embodiment, as illustrated in
In some embodiments, one or more of spools 62a,62b,62c are substantially perpendicular to one or more of spools 58a,58b,58c. In some embodiments, one or more of spools 62a,62b,62c are parallel to one or more of the other spools 62a,62b,62c. In some embodiments, one or more of spools 66a,66b,66c are substantially perpendicular to spools one or more of 62a,62b,62c. In some embodiments, one or more of spools 66a,66b,66c are substantially parallel to spools one or more of 58a,58b,58c. In some embodiments, one or more of spools 66a,66b,66c are parallel to one or more of the other spools 66a,66b,66c. In some embodiments, one or more of spools 66a,66b,66c are substantially parallel to one or more of spools 78a,78b,78c. In a further embodiment, spools 66a,66b,66c are substantially co-axial with spools 78a,78b,78c, respectively. In some embodiments, one or more of spools 78a,78b,78c are parallel to one or more of the other spools 78a,78b,78c.
In some embodiments, one or more of spools 82a,82b are substantially perpendicular to one or more of spools 78a,78b,78c. In the illustrated embodiment, spool 82a is adjacent to spool 78a while spool 82b is adjacent to spool 78b. In some embodiments, spools 82a,82b are parallel to one another. In some embodiments, spool 84 is substantially parallel to one or more of spools 82a,82b. In a further embodiment, spool 84 is substantially co-axial with spool 82a. In some embodiments, spool 98 is substantially parallel to one or more of spools 82a,82b,84,102,104. In a further embodiment, spool 98 is substantially co-axial with spool 104. In some embodiments, tubing 94 comprises a first portion 95a that is substantially vertical and perpendicular to spool 98; and a second portion 95b that is substantially horizontal. In some embodiments, the second portion 95b may oriented at an angle relative to one or more of spools 84,98 when the manifold 120 is viewed from the top.
In some embodiments, spool 102 is substantially parallel to one or more of spools 82a,82b. In a further embodiment, spool 102 is substantially co-axial with spool 82b. In some embodiments, spools 102,104 are parallel to one another. In some embodiments, outlet 22 (or the passageway of block 106 in which inlet 22 is situated) is substantially parallel to one or more of spools 102,104 (or the respective passageways of block 106 to which spools 102,104 are connected).
In some embodiments, two or more of flow blocks 50,80 and the third block valve 142 are substantially on the same plane. In a further embodiment, one or more of flow blocks 86,96,106 are substantially on the same plane as the third block valve 142. In some embodiments, the first and second block valves 132,136 are substantially on the same plane. In some embodiments, two or more of chokes 30a,30b and flow blocks 60,64a,64b,64c are substantially on the same plane. In some embodiments, one or both of the first and second block valves 132,136 are on a different plane than that of one or more of flow blocks 50,80, the third block valve 142, chokes 30a,30b and flow blocks 60,64a,64b,64c. In some embodiments, one or more of chokes 30a,30b and flow blocks 60,64a,64b,64c are on a different plane than that of one or more of flow blocks 50,80, the third block valve 142, and the first and second block valves 132,136.
While choke gut line 34 is shown in the illustrated embodiment to be positioned in parallel in between the first and second chokes 30a,30b, choke gut line 34 may be positioned elsewhere in other embodiments. For example, choke gut line 34 may be placed near one end of the first and/or second block valve 132,136 and the first and second chokes 30a,30b are adjacent to one another.
In the illustrated embodiment, the flowmeter 40 is shown to be in a substantially vertical orientation. In other embodiments, the flowmeter 40 may be positioned in a substantially horizontal orientation.
In alternative embodiments of the MPD manifold, any of the abovementioned flow blocks and/or spools may be rearranged or omitted; and/or additional flow blocks and/or spools may be included.
In some embodiments, one or both of the chokes 30a,30b are manual chokes, thus enabling an operator to manually adjust a handwheel of the chokes to control the backpressure within the drilling system. In some embodiments, one or both of the chokes 30a,30b are semi-automated chokes where the operator can adjust the choke positions via a computer. In other embodiments, one or both of the chokes 30a,30b are automated chokes that can be monitored and controlled automatically by a computer. In the illustrated embodiment, chokes 30a,30b each have a motor 110a,110b, respectively, for electronically controlling the backpressure.
In some embodiments, as shown for example in
According to a sample embodiment shown in
The first block valve 132 further comprises a valve control mechanism. In the illustrated embodiment, with specific reference to
With reference to
In some embodiments, the axial movement of slab gate 244, which is controllable by actuator 202, can operate the first hydraulic assembly 232, which will be discussed in more detail below.
In some embodiments, the second block valve 136 has a similar configuration as the first block valve 132. In the sample embodiment shown in
The second block valve 136 further comprises a valve control mechanism. In the illustrated embodiment, the valve control mechanism of block valve 136 is a slab gate 284 having an elongated body 285 extending axially in inner housing 282b, between ends 238a,238b. A first opening 286a, a second opening 286b, and a third opening 286c are defined in the body 285. In this sample embodiment, the movement of the slab gate 284 of the second block valve 136 is not driven by an actuator. Instead, the second hydraulic assembly 236, in cooperation with the first hydraulic assembly 232, is operable to move the slab gate 284 axially within the inner housing 282b among a first, second, and third positions, and any other axial position between the first and second ends 238a,238b. Alternative configurations and/or forms of the valve control mechanism in block valve 136 are possible.
The first, second, and third openings 286a,286b,286c are spaced apart and positioned relative to the first, second, and third passageways 74a,74b,74c between the first and second ends 238a,238b such that when one of the openings 286a,286b,286c is aligned (i.e. substantially co-axial) with one of the passageways 74a,74b,74c, the remaining openings are not aligned (or “misaligned”) with the remaining passageways. When one of the openings 286a,286b,286c is aligned with one of the passageways 74a,74b,74c, the aligned passageway is in an open position in which fluid flow is permitted therethrough. When a passageway 74a,74b,74c is blocked by the body 285 of the slab gate 284, the blocked passageway is in a closed position in which fluid flow therethrough is restricted (or at least reduced).
In some embodiments, the valve control mechanisms of the first and second block valves 132,136 are controllable by separate actuators such that the first and second block valves are independently operable. In other embodiments, the first and second block valves 132,136 are configured to operate together such that the respective slab gates 244,284 can move in a synchronized manner. In some embodiments, for example as shown in
With reference to
The piston 254 is operably coupled to the slab gate 244 such that axial movement of the slab gate 244 translates to a substantially equal axial movement of the piston 254. In the illustrated embodiment, the piston 254 comprises a rod 258 extending from the rear face of the piston and an end of the rod 258 is connected to one end of the slab gate 244.
The first hydraulic assembly 232 comprises the first flange 260 disposed at a first end of the housing 240, and a second flange 250 positioned between a second end of the housing 240 and the hydraulic cylinder 248. The slab gate 244 is thus movable between the inner surface of flanges 250,260. A hydraulic chamber 256 is defined between the inner surface of flanges 250,260, the ends of housing 240, and the ends of the slab gate 244.
In one embodiment, the flange 250 is connected to the second end of housing 240 and the hydraulic cylinder 248 is connected to the flange 250. The flange 250 has an opening through which the rod 258 of the piston 254 extends to connect and engage with slab gate 244. In the illustrated embodiment, a second end 262 of the slab gate 244 is coupled to the piston rod 258. The volume of chamber 256 may increase or decrease depending on the axial position of the slab gate 244. The interface between the opening in flange 250 and the piston 254 may be fluidly sealed by one or more seals. In some embodiments, the piston-front portion 252a, the piston-back portion 252b, and the hydraulic chamber 256 are filled with hydraulic fluid. In further embodiments, the hydraulic fluid is substantially incompressible.
With reference to
The piston 294 is operably coupled to the slab gate 284 such that axial movement of the piston 294 can translate to substantially equal axial movement of the slab gate 284. In the illustrated embodiment, the piston 294 comprises a rod 298 extending from the rear face of the piston 294 and an end of the rod 298 is connected to one end of the slab gate 294.
The second hydraulic assembly 236 comprises a first flange 290 positioned between a first end of the housing 280 and the hydraulic cylinder 288 and a second flange 270 disposed at a second end of the housing 280. The slab gate 294 is thus movable between the inner surface of flanges 270,290. A hydraulic chamber 296 is defined between the inner surface of flanges 270,290, the ends of housing 280, and the ends of the slab gate 284.
In one embodiment, the flange 290 is connected to the first end of housing 280 and the hydraulic cylinder 288 is connected to the flange 290. The flange 290 has an opening through which the rod 298 of the piston 294 extends to connect and engage with slab gate 284. In the illustrated embodiment, a second end 272 of the slab gate 284 is coupled to the piston rod 298. The volume of chamber 296 may increase or decrease depending on the axial position of the slab gate 284. The interface between the opening in flange 290 and the piston 294 may be fluidly sealed by one or more seals. In some embodiments, the piston-front portion 292a, the piston-back portion 252b, and the hydraulic chamber 296 are filled with hydraulic fluid. In further embodiments, the hydraulic fluid is substantially incompressible.
With reference to
In the illustrated embodiment, hydraulic line 204a fluidly connects the piston-front portions 252a,292a of hydraulic assemblies 232,236, respectively, such that piston-front portions 252a,292a and hydraulic line 204a form a closed system in which a fixed amount of hydraulic fluid can flow back and forth between piston-front portions 252a,292a. Thus, if axial movement of the piston 254 decreases the volume of the piston-front portion 252a, hydraulic fluid will be urged flow from piston-front portion 252a to the piston-front portion 292a via hydraulic line 204a. The hydraulic fluid transferred to the piston-front portion 292a in turn urges the piston 294 to move axially, expanding the volume of the piston-front portion 292a by the same amount as the volume decrease in piston-front portion 252a. Accordingly, a decrease in volume of the piston-front portion 252a translates to a corresponding increase of the same volume in the piston-front portion 292a, and vice versa.
In the illustrated embodiment, hydraulic line 204b fluidly connects the piston-back portions 252b,292b of hydraulic assemblies 232,236, respectively, such that piston-back portions 252b,292b and hydraulic line 204b form a closed system in which a fixed amount of hydraulic fluid can flow back and forth between piston-back portions 252b,292b. Thus, if axial movement of the piston 254 decreases the volume of the piston-back portion 252b, hydraulic fluid will be urged flow from piston-back portion 252b to the piston-back portion 292b via hydraulic line 204b. The hydraulic fluid transferred to the piston-back portion 292b in turn urges the piston 294 to move axially, expanding the volume of the piston-back portion 292b by the same (or substantially the same) amount as the volume decrease in piston-back portion 252b. Accordingly, a decrease in volume of the piston-back portion 252b translates to a corresponding increase of the same (or substantially the same) volume in the piston-back portion 292b, and vice versa. Therefore, if the hydraulic cylinders 248,288 are the same size and the pistons 254,294 are the same size, axial movement of piston 254 by a certain distance can effect an equal axial movement of piston 294 by the same distance, and vice versa.
The corresponding axial movement of the pistons 254,294 may be in the same, different, or opposite direction, depending on the orientation of the block valves 132,136, the hydraulic assemblies 232,236, and the angle from which the block valves 132,136 are viewed. In the illustrated embodiment, as best shown in
For example, with reference to
With reference to
In some embodiments, the hydraulic system 200 may further comprise evacuation ports 220 for releasing air in the hydraulic system 200 to minimize or eliminate any compliance in the hydraulic communication between the first and second hydraulic assemblies 232,236. In some embodiments, it may be desirable to discard any air in the hydraulic system 200 such that the first and second hydraulic assemblies 232,236 may rigidly sync, such that axial movement of one of the slab gates 244,284 may translates to an equal axial movement of the other slab gate, and the movements of the slab gates 244,284 are can be substantially simultaneous.
In some embodiments, the hydraulic system 200 may further comprise one or more position sensors as part of a monitoring system to monitor the syncing of the first and second hydraulic assemblies 232,236 to ensure that the positions of the respective slab gates 244,284 are substantially the same at any given time. In some embodiments, the one or more position sensors may be placed on one or both of slab gates 244,284 or elsewhere in the first and/or second hydraulic assemblies 232,236. In some embodiments, the position sensors may be paired with a pressure sensor to help detect leakage of hydraulic fluid in the first and/or second hydraulic assemblies.
In some embodiments, the third block valve 142 may have a similar configuration as the first block valve 132. In the sample embodiment shown in
The third block valve 142 further comprises a valve control mechanism. In the illustrated embodiment, the valve control mechanism of block valve 142 comprises a gate valve having a slab gate 344 that has an elongated body 345 extending axially in inner housing 342b, between ends 334a,334b. A first opening 346a, a second opening 346b, and a third opening 346c are defined in the body 345. The actuator 302 is operable to move the slab gate 344 axially within the inner housing 342b between a first position, a second position, and any other axial position between the first and second ends 334a,334b. In some embodiments, a first end of the slab gate 344 is coupled to the actuator 302 to allow the actuator 302 to exert axial force on the slab gate 344. Alternative configurations and/or forms of the valve control mechanism of block valve 142 are possible.
The first, second, and third openings 346a,346b,346c are spaced apart and positioned relative to the first, second, and third passageways 154a,154b,154c between the first and second ends 334a,334b such that when openings 346a,346c are aligned with passageways 154a,154c, respectively, opening 346b is not aligned with passageway 154b; when opening 346b is aligned with passageways 154b, openings 346a,346c are not aligned with passageways 154a,154c, respectively; and when opening 346a is aligned with passageway 154a, opening 346c is also aligned with passageway 154c. When one of the openings 346a,346b,346c is aligned with one of the passageways 154a,154b,154c, the aligned passageway is in an open position in which fluid flow is permitted therethrough. When a passageway 154a,154b,154c is blocked by the body 345 of the slab gate 344, the blocked passageway is in a closed position in which fluid flow therethrough is restricted (or at least reduced).
Accordingly, with reference to
In some embodiments, one or both of actuator 202 of the first block valve 132 and actuator 302 of the third block valve 142 are drivable by an electric motor that can be controlled remotely. In further embodiments, one or both of actuators 202,302 may include a handwheel to allow an operator to manually control the block valves 132,142 in case of motor failure and/or power outage. In further embodiments, one or both of actuators 202, 302 are an electrical actuator, a hydraulic actuator, a pneumatic actuator, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, one or both of actuators 202,302 are actuatable directly with an electric motor, by hydraulic force, or by pneumatic force (e.g. compressed gas pressure).
With reference to the sample embodiment shown in
The first block valve 332 further comprises a valve control mechanism. In the illustrated embodiment shown in
The first, second, and third openings 246a,246b,246c are spaced apart and positioned relative to the first, second, and third passageways 54a,54b,54c as describe above with respect to the first block valve 132. In
In the illustrated embodiment, the first end 261 of the slab gate 244 is operably coupled to the actuator 402 and the second end 262 is free. The actuator 402 is operable to move slab gate 244 axially between the inner surface of flanges 450,260. In some embodiments, the second end 262 may abut against the inner surface of flange 450 when the block valve 332 is in one of the three positions, for example the third position as shown in
In some embodiments when the first block valve 132,332 is not in one of the first, second, and third positions (i.e. when the first block valve is in between positions), one or more openings 246a,246b,246c may be partially aligned (i.e. not co-axial) with one or more passageways 54a,54b,54c such that one or more passageways 54a,54b,54c, while not fully open, may be partially open to allow some fluid to flow therethrough. In some embodiments, two or more passageways 54a,54b,54c may be partially open at a given time while the first block valve is in between positions. The second and third block valves 136,336,142 may be similarly configured in this respect in some embodiments. The manifold 120,320 may thus be configured such that not all of the passageways are fully blocked during the transition between any two valve positions, thereby allowing a smoother transition between the valve positions, which may be beneficial in reducing the magnitude and/or frequency of or may substantially prevent sudden spikes or drops in fluid pressure in the wellbore as the manifold 120,320 redirects fluid flow therethrough.
While the illustrated embodiment shows the first and second block valves each having three passageways and three positions, the first and second block valves may be configured to have fewer or more passageways and/or positions in other embodiments, for example by changing the valve control mechanism (e.g. altering the spacing of the openings in the slab gate and/or shortening or lengthening the slab gate); changing the spacing of the passageways in the block valve housing; removing or adding passageways in the block valve housing; and/or shortening or lengthening the length of the block valve housing. In some embodiments, the first and second block valves may each have six passageways. In an additional or alternative embodiment, the first and second block valves have a fourth position wherein two or more of the passageways are open while the remaining passageways are closed. For example, having two or more passageways open at the same time may allow two or more chokes of the manifold to operate simultaneously to maintain backpressure in the wellbore. Likewise, while the illustrated embodiment shows the third block valve having three passageways and three positions, the third block valve may be configured to fewer or more passageways and/or positions in other embodiments.
While in the illustrated embodiment each of the block valves 132,332,136,336,142 comprises a single housing 240,290,340 having defined therein all the passageways, in other embodiments each block valve may comprise more than one housing, each having defined therein one or more passageways. The one or more separate housings of the block valve may be fluidly connected by flow blocks and/or spools. The opening and closing of the passageways in the one or more housings may be synced as described above or by other methods known to those skilled in the art. For example, in one embodiment, instead of housing 240, the first block valve 132 may comprise a first housing having passageway 54a defined therein, a second housing having passageway 54b defined therein, and a third housing having passageway 54c defined therein. In another sample embodiment, the first block valve 132 may comprise a first housing having passageways 54a,54b defined therein, and a second housing having passageway 54c defined therein. Separating the block valve into two or more housings may allow more compact configurations of the manifold. Further, separating the block valve into two or more housings may eliminate the need to use an equalizer line between block valves.
In operation, with reference to
In some embodiments, the opening and closing of passageways 54a,74a are performed by a first valve control mechanism so that the opening and closing passageways 54a,74b can occur synchronously. In some embodiments, the opening and closing of passageways 54b,74b are performed by a second valve control mechanism so that the opening and closing passageways 54b,74b can occur synchronously. In some embodiments, the opening and closing of passageways 54c,74c are performed by a third valve control mechanism so that the opening and closing passageways 54c,74c can occur synchronously.
The first choke valve 536a controls the flow of fluid through the first drilling choke 30a; the second choke valve 536b controls the flow of fluid through the second drilling choke 30b; and the choke gut line valve 536c controls the flow of fluid through the choke gut line 34. In some embodiments, when the first choke valve 536a is open fluid can flow through the first choke 30a and when the first choke valve is closed fluid flow through the first choke 30a is restricted (or at least reduced); when the second choke valve 536b is open fluid can flow through the second choke 30b and when the second choke valve is closed fluid flow through the second choke 30b is restricted (or at least reduced); and when the choke gut line valve 536c is open fluid can flow through the choke gut line 34 and when the choke gut line valve is closed fluid flow through the choke gut line 34 is restricted (or at least reduced).
The flowmeter section F3 comprises a flowmeter section valve assembly 542, a flowmeter 40, and a flowmeter gut line 44. In the illustrated embodiment, the flowmeter section valve assembly comprises a flowmeter valve 544a and a flowmeter gut line valve 544b. The flowmeter 40 and the flowmeter gut line 44 are connected in parallel.
The flowmeter valve 544a controls the flow of fluid through the flowmeter 40; and the flowmeter gut line valve 544b controls the flow of fluid through the flowmeter gut line 44. In some embodiments, when the flowmeter valve 544a is open fluid can flow through the flowmeter 40 and when the flowmeter valve is closed fluid flow through the flowmeter is restricted (or at least reduced); and when the flowmeter gut line valve 544b is open fluid can flow through the flowmeter gut line 44 and when the flowmeter gut line valve is closed fluid flow through the flowmeter gut line is restricted (or at least reduced).
The inlet 18, outlet 22, pressure sensors 24, 26, drilling chokes 30a,30b, and flowmeter 40 are all as described above with respect to
While two drilling chokes are shown, fewer or more drilling chokes may be included in other embodiments. In the embodiment shown in
The choke section valve assembly is operable to control the flow of fluids through the choke section C3 such that fluid can flow through one or both of the first and second chokes 30a,30b or through the choke gut line 34. In some embodiments, the choke section valve assembly 532 has three positions. In a first position, fluid can flow through the first choke 30a but not the choke gut line 34 or the second choke 30b. In a second position, fluid can flow through the second choke 30b but not the choke gut line 34 or the first choke 30a. In a third position, fluid can flow through the choke gut line 34 but not the first choke 30a or the second choke 30b. In further embodiments, the choke section valve assembly 532 has a fourth position wherein fluid can flow through both the first and second chokes 30a,30b, but not the choke gut line 34. Accordingly, the flow of fluids can be directed or rerouted as desired through the choke section C3 by changing the position of the choke section valve assembly 532.
In some embodiments, the first and second choke valves 536a,536b, and the choke gut line valve 536c are operable together to place the choke section valve assembly in a desired position of the four possible positions. For example, the first choke valve 536a is opened and the second choke valve 536b and the choke gut line valve 536c are closed to place the choke section valve assembly 532 in the first position; the second choke valve 536b is opened and the first choke valve 536a and the choke gut line valve 536c are closed to place the choke section valve assembly 532 in the second position; the first choke valve 536a and the second choke valve 536b are closed and the choke gut line valve 536c is opened to place the choke section valve assembly 532 in the third position; the first choke valve 536a and the second choke valve 536b are opened and the choke gut line valve 536c is closed to place the choke section valve assembly 532 in the fourth position.
In some embodiments, two or more of the first and second choke valves 536a,536b, and the choke gut line valve 536c may be controlled by the same actuator. In other embodiments, each of the first and second choke valves 536a,536b, and the choke gut line valve 536c is controllable by a respective actuator so that the valves 536a,536b,536c can operate independently from one another. In some embodiments, the valves 536a,536b,536c are configured to operate in a synchronized manner with respect to one another such that the opening of one or more of the valves 536a,536b,536c can be synced with the closing of one or more of the other valves. In some embodiments, the valves 536a,536b,536c are mechanically synced, hydraulically synced, electronically synced, pneumatically synced, or a combination thereof, or otherwise synced by methods known to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, unlike the prior art manifold 10 where five valves need to be automatically or manually actuated in order to reroute the flow path in the choke section C1, the MPD manifold 420 advantageously requires the actuation of a maximum of three valves 536a,536b,536c to change the fluid flow path through the choke section C3.
The flowmeter section valve assembly 542 is operable to control the flow of fluids through the flowmeter section F3 such that fluid can generally only flow through one of the flowmeter 40 and the flowmeter gut line 44. In some embodiments, the flowmeter section valve assembly 542 is movable between a first position and a second position. In the first position, the flowmeter section valve assembly 542 can allows fluid to flow through the flowmeter 40 but not the flowmeter gut line 44. In the second position, the flowmeter section valve assembly 542 can allow fluid to flow through the flowmeter gut line 44 but not the flowmeter. In some embodiments, the flowmeter section valve assembly 542 has a third position wherein the flowmeter section valve assembly 542 can restrict fluid flow through both the flowmeter 40 and the flowmeter gut line 44. The flowmeter valve 544a and the flowmeter gut line valve 544b are operable together to place the flowmeter section valve assembly in a desired position of the three possible positions. For example, the flowmeter valve 544a is opened and the flowmeter gut line valve 544b is closed to place the flowmeter section valve assembly 542 in the first position; the flowmeter valve 544a is closed and the flowmeter gut line valve 544b is opened to place the flowmeter section valve assembly 542 in the second position; the flowmeter valve 544a is closed and the flowmeter gut line valve 544b is closed to place the flowmeter section valve assembly 542 in the third position.
In some embodiments, the flowmeter valve 544a and the flowmeter gut line valve 544b may be controlled by the same actuator. In other embodiments, the flowmeter valve 544a and the flowmeter gut line valve 544b is controlled by a respective actuator so that the valves 544a,544b can operate independently from one another. In some embodiments, the valves 544a,544b are configured to operate in a synchronized manner with respect to one another such that the opening of the flowmeter valve 544a is synced with the closing of the flowmeter gut line valve 544b, and vice versa. In some embodiments, the valves 544a,544b are mechanically synced, hydraulically synced, electronically synced, pneumatically synced, or a combination thereof, or otherwise synced by methods known to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, unlike the prior art manifold 10 where three valves need to be actuated in order to reroute the flow path in the flowmeter section F1, the MPD manifold 420 advantageously requires the actuation of a maximum of two valves 544a,544b to change the fluid flow path through the flowmeter section F3.
In operation, fluid from the wellbore enters the MPD manifold 420 via inlet 18 and the pressure of the incoming fluid is measured by the pressure sensor 24. The fluid then enters the choke section C3 where, depending on the position of the choke section valve assembly 532, the fluid flows through: (i) the choke gut line 34; (ii) the first choke 30a; (iii) the second choke 30b; or (iv) both the first and second chokes 30a,30b. Accordingly, the choke section valve assembly 532 controls the flow of fluids through the inlet and outlet of each of the first and second chokes 30a,30b and through the choke gut line 34.
After exiting the choke section C3, the fluid flows downstream to the flowmeter section F3 where, depending on the position of the flowmeter section valve assembly 542, the fluid flows through either the flowmeter 40 or the flowmeter gut line 44. Accordingly, the flowmeter section valve assembly 542 controls the flow of fluids through the inlet and outlet of the flowmeter 40 and through the flowmeter gut line 44.
Accordingly, the choke section valve assembly 532 of manifold 420 of the present disclosure replaces the choke valves 32a,32b and choke gut line valve 36 of the prior art manifold 10 and the flowmeter section valve assembly 542 replaces the flowmeter valves 42 and flowmeter gut line valve 46 of the prior art manifold 10.
The drilling chokes 30a,30b, the choke gut line 34, the choke section valve assembly 532, the flowmeter section valve assembly 542, the flowmeter 40, and the flowmeter gut line 44 may be coupled to one another by one or more flow blocks and/or one or more spools.
Any of the flowmeter sections described herein can be configured to connect and operate with any of the choke sections. For example, with reference to
In the sample embodiment shown in
With reference to
With reference to
In the illustrated embodiment, an upstream portion of the choke gut line is in fluid communication with passageway 554a of the first choke valve 536a via spool 552a, and passageway 574a of the second choke valve 536b via spool 558a. A downstream portion of the choke gut line is in fluid communication with passageway 554b of the first choke valve 536a via spool 552b, and passageway 574b of the second choke valve 536b via spool 558b. The upstream portion of the choke gut line is in fluid communication with the inlet 18 and the downstream portion of the choke gut line is in fluid communication with the outlet 518. In some embodiments, the choke gut line comprises an axially extending bore defined in flow block 550, and one end of the axial bore is (or is in fluid communication with) the inlet 18 and the other end of the axial bore is (or is in fluid communication with) the outlet 518.
In the illustrated embodiment, flow block 550 is operably connected to the flow block 580 via a spool 566, such that the outlet 518 of flow block 550 is in fluid communication with an inlet 522 of flow block 580 in order for flow block 580 to receive incoming fluid from flow block 550. The inlet 522 is positioned in one of the fluid passageways of flow block 580 and outlet 22 is positioned in another one of the fluid passageways of the flow block 580. In the illustrated embodiment, the flowmeter gut line is defined within the flow block 580 and, in some embodiments, the flowmeter gut line may be an axial fluid passageway extending between a first end and a second end of the flow block 580. The inlet 522 and outlet 22 are in fluid communication with the flowmeter gut line. At least a portion of the flowmeter gut line valve 544b is positioned in flow block 580 to control fluid flow through the flowmeter gut line.
Flow block 580 is coupled to, and in fluid communication with, the flowmeter valve 544a via spools 568a,568b. In some embodiments, the inlet 522 is in fluid communication with spool 568a and the outlet 22 is in fluid communication with spool 568b. The flowmeter valve 544a has a first fluid passageway and a second fluid passageway extending therethrough. In some embodiments, spools 568a,568b are operably connected to the flowmeter valve 544a such that spools 568a,568b can fluidly communicate with the first and second passageways of the flowmeter valve, respectively. The first fluid passageway of the flowmeter valve 544a is in fluid communication with the inlet 90 of the flowmeter 40 and the second fluid passageway of the flowmeter valve 544a is in fluid communication with the outlet 92 of the flowmeter 40. In the illustrated embodiment, the inlet 90 is operably coupled to the flowmeter valve 544a via a spool 570a and a flow block 586. In some embodiments, the pressure sensor 26 is positioned in flow block 586 for measuring the pressure of fluid entering the flowmeter 40. In the illustrated embodiment, the outlet 92 is operably coupled to the flowmeter valve 544a via a tubing 594, a flow block 596, and a spool 570b, respectively. The first and second fluid passageways of the flowmeter valve 544a are coupled to and in fluid communication with spools 570a,570b, respectively, such that fluid enters the flowmeter 40 via the first passageway of the flowmeter valve 544a and fluid exists the flowmeter 40 via the second passageway of the flowmeter valve 544a.
In the illustrated embodiment, an upstream portion of the flowmeter gut line is in fluid communication with the first passageway of the flowmeter valve 544a via spool 568a. A downstream portion of the flowmeter gut line is in fluid communication with the second passageway of the flowmeter valve 544a via spool 568b. The upstream portion of the flowmeter gut line is in fluid communication with the inlet 522 and the downstream portion of the flowmeter gut line is in fluid communication with the outlet 22. In some embodiments, the flowmeter gut line comprises an axially extending bore defined in flow block 580, and one end of the axial bore is (or is in fluid communication with) the inlet 522 and the other end of the axial bore is (or is in fluid communication with) the outlet 22.
In a sample embodiment, as illustrated in
In some embodiments, spool 552a is parallel to spool 552b. In some embodiments, spool 558a is parallel to spool 558b. In some embodiments, one or both of spools 552a,552b are substantially perpendicular to one or both of spools 558a,558b. In some embodiments, the first choke valve 536a is positioned adjacent one side of the flow block 550 and the second choke valve 536b is positioned adjacent another side of the flow block 550. In some embodiments, the choke gut line is substantially parallel to and/or coaxial with one or both of inlet 18 and outlet 518. In some embodiments, inlet 18 and outlet 518 are substantially parallel and/or coaxial with one another.
In some embodiments, spool 566 is substantially perpendicular to one or both of spools 552b,558b. In some embodiments, inlet 522 and/or outlet 22 is substantially perpendicular to one or both of spools 568a,568b. In some embodiments, inlet 522 is positioned adjacent to spool 568a and outlet 22 is positioned adjacent spool 568b. In some embodiments, spool 568a is parallel to spool 568b. In some embodiments, spool 568a is parallel to spool 568b. In some embodiments, one or both of spools 568a,568b are substantially parallel to and/or coaxial with one or both of spools 570,570b. In some embodiments, spool 570a is parallel to spool 570b. In some embodiments, the flow block 550 is positioned adjacent to one end of the flow block 580 and the flowmeter valve 544a is positioned adjacent one side of the flow block 580. In some embodiments, the flowmeter gut line is substantially parallel to and/or coaxial with one or both of inlet 522 and outlet 22. In some embodiments, inlet 522 and outlet 22 are substantially parallel and/or coaxial with one another.
In some embodiments, tubing 594 comprises a first portion 595a that is substantially vertical and may be perpendicular to one or both of spools 570a,570b; and a second portion 595b that is substantially horizontal and may be perpendicular to one or both of spools 570a,570b.
In some embodiments, two or more of flow blocks 550,580, the second choke valve 536b, and the flowmeter valve 544a are substantially on the same plane. In a further embodiment, one or both of flow blocks 586,596 are substantially on the same plane as the flowmeter valve 544a. In some embodiments, the first choke valve 536a is on a different plane than that of one or more of flow blocks 550,580, the second choke valve 536b, and the flowmeter valve 544a.
In some embodiments, as shown for example in
According to a sample embodiment shown in
The first choke valve 536a further comprises a valve control mechanism. In the illustrated embodiment, with specific reference to
The first and second openings 446a,446b are spaced apart and positioned relative to the first and second passageways 554a,554b such that when the first opening 446a is aligned with the first passageway 554a, the second opening 446b is also aligned with the second passageway 554b, and vice versa. Further, when the first opening 446a is not aligned with the first passageway 554a, the second opening 446b is also not aligned with the second passageway 554b, and vice versa. With specific reference to
In some embodiments, the flowmeter valve 544a has substantially the same configuration as the first and second choke valves. The flowmeter valve 544a is actuatable between an open position and a closed position by an actuator that controls a valve control mechanism to open and block the first and second passageways in the flowmeter valve 544a. In the open position, the first and second passageways of the flowmeter valve 544a are open to allow fluid flow therethrough such that fluid can enter the flowmeter 40 via the first passageway and flow through the flowmeter 40 and exit via the second passageway. In the closed position, the first and second passageways of the flowmeter valve 544a are blocked to restrict (or at least reduce) fluid flow therethrough such that no or almost no fluid can flow through the flowmeter 40.
The flow of fluid through the choke gut line and the flowmeter gut line are controlled by the choke gut line valve 536c and the flowmeter gut line valve 544b, respectively. In the illustrated embodiment, the choke gut line valve 536c and the flowmeter gut line valve 544b are substantially identical in construction so only the choke gut line valve 536c will be described in detail. With reference to
In some embodiments, flange 560c is attached to a first lateral side of the flow block 550 and flange 564 is attached to a second lateral side, opposite the first lateral side, of the flow block 550. In the illustrated embodiment, the inner housing 470 is disposed in a laterally extending bore defined in flow block 550. The laterally extending bore intersects and is in fluid communication with the choke gut line defined in flow block 550 via an opening. While the illustrated embodiment shows inner housing 470 as a separate component positioned inside the flow block 550, flow block 550 and the inner housing 470 may be integrally formed as a single component in other embodiments. In the illustrated embodiment, the inner housing 470 has aligned apertures to define a gut line fluid passageway 584. The gut line fluid passageway 584 is substantially aligned with the opening of the laterally extending bore in flow block 550 such that gut line fluid passageway 584 is in fluid communication with the choke gut line.
The choke gut line valve 536c further comprises a valve control mechanism. In the illustrated embodiment, the valve control mechanism is a slab gate 448 having an elongated body extending axially in inner housing 470. An opening 458 is defined in the body of the slab gate 448. The actuator 502c operates to move the slab gate 448 axially within the inner housing 470 among an open position, a closed position, and any other axial position between the inner surfaces of the flanges 560c,564. In some embodiments, a first end 481 of the slab gate 448 is coupled to the actuator 502c to allow the actuator 502c to exert axial force on the slab gate 448. Alternative configurations and/or forms of the valve control mechanism are possible.
When the actuator 502c moves the slab gate 448 to a position where the opening 458 is aligned with the gut line fluid passageway 584, the choke gut line valve 536c is in an open position (shown in
With reference to
In operation, with reference to
Fluid exiting outlet 518 enters flow block 580 via spool 566 and inlet 522. If the flowmeter valve 544a is open and the flowmeter gut line valve is closed 544b, the fluid exits flow block 580 via spool 568a, enters the flowmeter via the first passageway of the flowmeter valve 544a, spool 570a, and flow block 586, flows through the flowmeter, exits the flowmeter via tubing 594, flow block 596, spool 570b and the second passageway of the flowmeter valve 544a, re-enters flow block 580 via spool 568b, and then exits flow block 580 via outlet 22. The pressure of fluid entering the flowmeter 40 is measured by pressure sensor 26 as fluid flows through flow block 586. If the flowmeter valve 544a is closed and the flowmeter gut line valve is open, the fluid flows through block 580 via the passageway in the flowmeter gut line valve, bypassing the flowmeter, and exits the flow block 580 via outlet 22.
As best shown in
Flow block 650b has an axial fluid passageway 622 extending between a first end and a second end of the flow block 650b. Flow block 650b has a first lateral fluid passageway 624 opening to one side and a second lateral fluid passageway 626 opening to another side of the flow block 650b. The first and second lateral passageways 624,626 are fluid connected to one another. The first and second lateral passageways 624,626 intersect and are in fluid communication with passageway 622. In some embodiments, outlet 518 is positioned in and/or in fluid communication with the first lateral fluid passageway 624.
The flow block 680 has an axial fluid passageway 632 extending between a first end and a second end of the flow block 680. Flow block 680 has a first lateral fluid passageway 634 and a second later fluid passageway 636 both opening to the same side of the flow block 680 in the illustrated embodiment. The first lateral passageway 634 intersects and is fluidly connected to passageway 632 near the first end of the flow block 680. The second lateral passageway 636 intersects and is fluidly connected to passageway 632 near the second end of the flow block 680. A least a portion of the choke gut line valve 536c is positioned in flow block 680 to control the flow of fluid through axial passageway 632.
In some embodiments, the pressure sensor 24 is positioned in flow block 680 such that it is in fluid communication with the first lateral passageway 634. In the illustrated embodiment, the pressure sensor 24 is positioned at the first end of flow block 680, adjacent passageway 634, and it is in fluid communication with axial passageway 632 and passageway 634. In some embodiments, the choke section comprises a third pressure sensor 646. The third pressure sensor 646 is positioned in the flow block 680 such that it is in fluid communication with the second lateral passageway 636. In the illustrated embodiment, the third pressure sensor 646 is positioned at the second end of flow block 680, adjacent passageway 636, and it is in fluid communication with axial passageway 632 and passageway 636. The first sensor 24 can measure the pressure of fluid entering the choke section, before the fluid passes through one or both of the chokes 30a,30b or the choke gut line. The third sensor 646 can measure the pressure of fluid exiting one or both of the chokes 30a,30b or the choke gut line.
The flow block 650a is coupled to the first choke such that the first end of passageway 612 is in fluid communication with the inlet 556a of the first choke 30a. The flow block 650a is coupled to the second choke such that the second end of passageway 612 is in fluid communication with the inlet 576a of the second choke 30b. The flow block 650b is coupled to the first choke such that the first end of passageway 622 is in fluid communication with the outlet 556b of the first choke 30a. The flow block 650b is coupled to the second choke such that the second end of passageway 622 is in fluid communication with the outlet 576b of the second choke 30b.
A first portion of the first choke valve 536a is positioned in flow block 650a to control the flow of fluid at or near a first end of axial passageway 612, adjacent inlet 556a of the first choke 30a. A second portion of the first choke valve 536a is positioned in flow block 650b to control the flow of fluid at or near a first end of axial passageway 622, adjacent outlet 556b of the first choke 30a. A first portion of the second choke valve 536b is positioned in flow block 650a to control the flow of fluid at or near a second end of axial passageway 612, adjacent inlet 576a of the second choke 30b. A second portion of the second choke valve 536b is positioned in flow block 650b to control the flow of fluid at or near a second end of axial passageway 622, adjacent outlet 576b of the second choke 30b.
In some embodiments, a spool 642a is positioned between flow blocks 650a,650b to house a third portion of the first choke valve 536a that connects the first portion with the second portion. In some embodiments, a spool 642b is positioned between flow blocks 650a,650b to house a third portion of the second choke valve 536b that connects the first portion with the second portion. In some embodiments, one end of spool 642a is coupled to a lateral side of flow block 650a and the other end is coupled to a lateral side of flow block 650b; and one end of spool 642b is coupled to a lateral side of flow block 650a and the other end is coupled to a lateral side of flow block 650b.
The flow block 650a is coupled to the flow block 680, via a spool 640a for example, such that lateral passageway 616 is in fluid communication with the lateral passageway 634. The flow block 650b is coupled to the flow block 680, via a spool 640b for example, such that lateral passageway 626 is in fluid communication with the lateral passageway 636. In the illustrated embodiment, the choke gut line is provided by passageways 616,634,632,636,626. The choke gut line is thus in fluid communication with the inlet 18 via passageway 614 in flow block 650a and with the outlet 518 via passageway 624 in flow block 650b. In some embodiments, the at least a portion of the choke gut line valve 536c is positioned at an axial location of the flow block 680 between the first and second lateral fluid passageways 634,636, to control fluid flow through the choke gut line.
In a sample embodiment, as illustrated in
In some embodiments, one or both of passageways 612,622 are substantially perpendicularly to the inlet 18 and/or outlet 518. Passageway 632 is substantially parallel one or both of inlet 18 and outlet 518. In some embodiments, inlet 18 and outlet 518 are substantially parallel and/or coaxial with one another. In some embodiments, the lengthwise axes of flow blocks 650a,650b are substantially parallel to one another and the lengthwise axis of flow block 680 is substantially perpendicular to that of one or both of blocks 650a,650b.
In some embodiments, two or more of flow blocks 650a,650b, spools 642a,642b, the first and second chokes 30a,30b, the inlet 18, and the outlet 518 are substantially on the same plane. In some embodiments, the flow block 680 is on a different plane than that of one or more of the other components of the choke section C3.
In some embodiments, each of the first and second choke valves 536a,536b is actuatable between an open position and a closed position by a respective choke valve actuator 502a,502b. In the illustrated embodiment, the first and second choke valves 536a,536b are substantially identical so only the first choke valve will be described in detail.
According to a sample embodiment as best shown in
The first choke valve 536a further comprises a valve control mechanism. In the illustrated embodiment, with specific reference to
The inlet and outlet openings of slab gate 644 are spaced apart and positioned relative to the inlet and outlet passageways of inner housing 670 such that when the inlet opening is aligned with the inlet passageway, the outlet opening is also aligned with the outlet passageway, and vice versa. Further, when the inlet opening of slab gate 644 is not aligned with the inlet passageway of inner housing 670, the outlet opening is also not aligned with the outlet passageway, and vice versa. When the inlet and outlet openings are aligned with the inlet and outlet passageway, respectively, the first choke valve 536a is in the open position, wherein fluid flow is permitted through inlet and outlet passageways, which means fluid can enter the first choke 30a via passageway 612 and the inlet passageway, and then flow through the first choke 30a, and then exit via the outlet passageway and passageway 622. When the inlet and outlet passageways of inner housing 670 are blocked by the body of the slab gate 644, as shown in
In some embodiments, spool 642a is configured to house a portion of the slab gate 644 that is between the inlet opening and the outlet opening. In some embodiments, the interface between flow block 650a and spool 642a and the interface between flow block 650b and spool 642a are fluidly sealed to protect the slab gate 644 and to retain any lubrication fluid in the first choke valve 536a.
The flow of fluid through the choke gut line is controlled by the choke gut line valve 536c. With reference to
In some embodiments, actuator 502c is attached to a first lateral side of the flow block 680 and flange 564 is attached to a second lateral side, opposite the first lateral side, of the flow block 580. In the illustrated embodiment, the inner housing 672 is disposed in a laterally extending bore defined in flow block 680. The laterally extending bore intersects and is in fluid communication with passageway 632 of the choke gut line. While the illustrated embodiment shows inner housing 672 as a separate component positioned inside the flow block 680, flow block 680 and the inner housing 672 may be integrally formed as a single component in other embodiments. In the illustrated embodiment, the inner housing 672 has aligned apertures to define a gut line fluid passageway. The gut line fluid passageway is positioned in the intersection between the laterally extending bore and the passageway 632 so that the gut line fluid passageway is in fluid communication with passageway 632 of the choke gut line.
The choke gut line valve 536c further comprises a valve control mechanism. In the illustrated embodiment, the valve control mechanism is a slab gate 674 having an elongated body extending axially in inner housing 672. A gut line opening is defined in the body of the slab gate 674. The actuator 502c operates to move the slab gate 674 axially within the inner housing 672 among an open position, a closed position, and any other axial position between the actuator 502c and flange 564. In some embodiments, a first end of the slab gate 674 is coupled to the actuator 502c to allow the actuator 502c to exert axial force on the slab gate 674. Alternative configurations and/or forms of the valve control mechanism are possible.
When the actuator 502c moves the slab gate 674 to a position where the gut line opening is aligned with the gut line fluid passageway, the choke gut line valve 536c is in an open position (shown in
In operation, with reference to
In some embodiments, the valve control mechanism of the first and second choke valves 536a,536b and choke gut line valve 536c are controlled by separate actuators 502a,502b,502c such that the first and second choke valves and the choke gut line valve operate independently. In other embodiments, two or more of the first and second choke valves 536a,536b and the choke gut line valve 536c are configured to operate together such that the respective slab valve mechanisms move in a synchronized manner, such that as one valve closes, at least another valve is opening at the same time. In some embodiments, per the configurations shown in
As can be appreciated, any of the above-described MPD manifolds can be modified to include additional chokes and/or flowmeters. For example, with reference to
In some embodiments, the MPD manifold may include one or more manual contingency valves, in addition to the choke section valve assembly and the flowmeter section valve assembly. The one or more manual contingency valves can be place at the inlet and/or outlet of one or more of the chokes, the choke gut line, the flowmeter, and the flowmeter gut line. In some embodiments, the manual contingency valves can be manually actuated to close one or more fluid passageways in the manifold in the case of a power outage.
In some embodiments, the MPD manifold is in communication with a control unit. The control unit is configured to monitor pressure data collected by the one or more pressure sensors in real-time and to control the one or more actuators of the manifold. Based on the pressure data from the one or more pressure sensors, the control unit can predict pressures in the near future in order to anticipate increases above the safety threshold of one or more components (e.g. drilling chokes and flowmeters) of the manifold. By predicting further pressures, the control unit may provide early detection of potential choke failure and/or flowmeter failure and may thus have sufficient time to actuate and change the position of one or more of block valves 132,136,142 to redirect fluid flow within the manifold to avoid choke and/or flowmeter failure. In some embodiments, if the control unit detects any washed out choke components and/or potential clogging of a choke or a flowmeter, the control unit may provide an alert to a human operator to indicate that inspection and/or maintenance of the particular choke or flowmeter is required. The alert may be, for example, an electronic message to the operator via a display and/or an audio alarm or visual indicator in the manifold.
For example, the at least one second pressure sensor 26 may provide data to the control unit for monitoring pressure variations and predicting potential clogging of the flowmeter 40 before the fluid pressure reaches the maximum operating pressure of the flowmeter. This configuration may be beneficial as flowmeters generally have a low operating pressure and can burst quickly if clogged. If the control unit predicts potential clogging of the flowmeter 40, the control unit controls at least one of the actuators to actuate the valve control mechanism of block valve 142 to transition the block valve 142 from the first position to the second position, thereby diverting fluid to the flowmeter gut line 44 to bypass the flowmeter 40. The control unit may also provide the alert to the operator to indicate that the flowmeter 40 requires inspection and/or maintenance.
In this manner, the manifold of the present disclosure, together with the control unit, may be used to predict and reduce the frequency of or prevent well kicks during drilling operations by analyzing the fluid flow characteristics measured upstream and downstream of the well. The manifold of the present disclosure (including any of the actuators therein) may be fully automated and/or may be controlled remotely by the control unit. As such, the manifold may provide fast and precise execution of fluid rerouting sequences with reduced or minimal human intervention as compared to conventional MPD manifolds (e.g. the prior art manifold 10). The manifold disclosed herein may be useful for unmanned wells and/or offshore rigs where prompt operator access to the manifold is unavailable or restricted.
In some embodiments, the manifold of the present disclosure may operate with the control unit and the control unit has a processor and a non-transitory computer readable medium operably coupled thereto; a plurality of instructions, such as control logic software, may be stored on the non-transitory computer readable medium, and the instructions are accessible to, and executable by, the processor. In some embodiments, the control unit is in communication with one of more of drilling chokes 30a,30b, flowmeter 40, any of the abovementioned valves, pressure sensors 24,26,646, and any other component of the manifold. In some embodiments, the control unit may communicate control signals to the drilling chokes 30a30b, based on measurement data received from the pressure sensor 24. In a sample embodiment, the control unit may communicate control signals to the actuator 202 of the first block valve 132, based on measurement data received from the pressure sensor 24. In another sample embodiment, the control unit may communicate control signals to the actuator 302 of the third block valve 142, based on measurement data received from the pressure sensor 26. In some embodiments, the control unit is also in communication with one or more other sensors associated with the drilling system such as, for example, one or more sensors associated with the drilling tool, the wellhead, the blowout preventor, the rotating control device, the mud gas separator, the flare, the shaker, and/or the mud pump; therefore, the control unit may communicate control signals to the drilling chokes 30a,30b based on measurement data received from the one or more sensors.
With reference to
According to one embodiment, the control unit 802 is configured to collect data relating to the wellbore, which may comprise well upstream data 804, well downstream data 806, and/or well data 808. Well upstream data 804 may include one or more of fluid density, fluid rheology, fluid temperature, flow rate, and pressure of the drilling fluid, all measured upstream of the well. Well downstream data 806 may include one or more of: fluid density, fluid rheology, fluid temperature, flow rate, and pressure of the drilling fluid, all measured by one or more sensors (for example, sensors 24,26,646) and/or the flowmeter. Well data may include one or more of: bit depth, maximum casing shoe pressure, fracture pressure, well collapse pressure, pore pressure, well geometry, drill string and BHA information, drill bit information, rate of penetration, rock density, rotary speed, and surface facilities pressure rating.
The control unit 802 can also collect data on choke pressure 812 and flowmeter pressure 814. The choke pressure 812 may include real-time measurements of the pressure of fluid entering one or both of the chokes, for example as determined by pressure sensor 24. The choke pressure 812 may also include real-time measurements of the pressure of fluid exiting one or both of the chokes, for example as determined by pressure sensor 646. The flowmeter pressure 814 may include real-time measurements of the pressure of fluid entering the flowmeter, for example as determined by pressure sensor 26.
The control unit 802 may also collect choke position data 816 on the real-time position of the first and second chokes. The control unit 802 may further collect valve position data on the real-time position of any of the valves in the manifold.
The workstation MPD analyzer 810 can receive the collected data from the control unit 802. Further, mud properties and well characteristics can be provided to the workstation MPD analyzer. The workstation MPD analyzer is configured to analyze all the data, generate a result, send the result to the control unit. The control unit can, based on the result, generate commands for the actuators to help the manifold maintain certain conditions such as fluid flow routes, well head pressure, and/or response to failure events.
In some embodiments, the control unit 802 is operable according to a valve schedule 818 based on the result the control unit receives from the workstation MPD analyzer. For example, based on the result the control unit receives, if it is determined that the first choke is defective, the control unit may automatically change the position of (or open or close) one or more valves according to the valve schedule. For manifold 20 shown in
Valve Schedule of Choke Section C2 of Manifold 20
Valve Schedule of Flowmeter Section F2 of Manifold 20
For manifold 420 shown in
Valve Schedule of Choke Section C3 of Manifold 420
Valve Schedule of Flowmeter Section F3 of Manifold 420
In some embodiments, a plurality of instructions, or computer program(s), are stored on a non-transitory computer readable medium, the instructions or computer program(s) being accessible to, and executable by, one or more processors. In some embodiments, the one or more processors execute the plurality of instructions (or computer program(s)) to operate in whole or in part the above-described illustrative embodiments. In some embodiments, the one or more processors are part of the control unit 802 and/or the workstation MPD analyzer 810, one or more other computing devices, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the non-transitory computer readable medium is part of the control unit 802 and/or the workstation MPD analyzer 810, one or more other computing devices, or any combination thereof.
In some embodiments, each of the one or more computing devices may include a microprocessor, an input device, a storage device, a video controller, a system memory, a display, and a communication device all interconnected by one or more buses. In some embodiments, the storage device may include a floppy drive, hard drive, CD-ROM, optical drive, any other form of storage device and/or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the storage device may include, and/or be capable of receiving, a floppy disk, CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, or any other form of computer-readable medium that may contain executable instructions. In some embodiments, the communication device may include a modem, network card, or any other device to enable the computing device to communicate with other computing devices. In some embodiments, any computing device represents a plurality of interconnected (whether by intranet or Internet) computer systems, including without limitation, personal computers, mainframes, PDAs, smartphones and cell phones.
In some embodiments, one or more of the components of the above-described illustrative embodiments include at least the computing device and/or components thereof, and/or one or more computing devices that are substantially similar to the computing device and/or components thereof. In some embodiments, one or more of the above-described components of the computing device include respective pluralities of same components.
In some embodiments, a computer system typically includes at least hardware capable of executing machine readable instructions, as well as the software for executing acts (typically machine-readable instructions) that produce a desired result. In some embodiments, a computer system may include hybrids of hardware and software, as well as computer sub-systems.
In some embodiments, hardware generally includes at least processor-capable platforms, such as client-machines (also known as personal computers or servers), and hand-held processing devices (such as smart phones, tablet computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), or personal computing devices (PCDs), for example). In some embodiments, hardware may include any physical device that is capable of storing machine-readable instructions, such as memory or other data storage devices. In some embodiments, other forms of hardware include hardware sub-systems, including transfer devices such as modems, modem cards, ports, and port cards, for example.
In some embodiments, software includes any machine code stored in any memory medium, such as RAM or ROM, and machine code stored on other devices (such as floppy disks, flash memory, or a CD ROM, for example). In some embodiments, software may include source or object code. In some embodiments, software encompasses any set of instructions capable of being executed on a computing device such as, for example, on a client machine or server.
In some embodiments, combinations of software and hardware could also be used for providing enhanced functionality and performance for certain embodiments of the present disclosure. In an illustrative embodiment, software functions may be directly manufactured into a silicon chip. Accordingly, it should be understood that combinations of hardware and software are also included within the definition of a computer system and are thus envisioned by the present disclosure as possible equivalent structures and equivalent methods.
In some embodiments, computer readable mediums include, for example, passive data storage, such as a random access memory (RAM) as well as semi-permanent data storage such as a compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM). One or more illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure may be embodied in the RAM of a computer to transform a standard computer into a new specific computing machine. In some embodiments, data structures are defined organizations of data that may enable an embodiment of the present disclosure. In an illustrative embodiment, a data structure may provide an organization of data, or an organization of executable code.
In some embodiments, any networks and/or one or more portions thereof, may be designed to work on any specific architecture. In an illustrative embodiment, one or more portions of any networks may be executed on a single computer, local area networks, client-server networks, wide area networks, internets, hand-held and other portable and wireless devices and networks.
In some embodiments, a database may be any standard or proprietary database software. In some embodiments, the database may have fields, records, data, and other database elements that may be associated through database specific software. In some embodiments, data may be mapped. In some embodiments, mapping is the process of associating one data entry with another data entry. In an illustrative embodiment, the data contained in the location of a character file can be mapped to a field in a second table. In some embodiments, the physical location of the database is not limiting, and the database may be distributed. In an illustrative embodiment, the database may exist remotely from the server, and run on a separate platform. In an illustrative embodiment, the database may be accessible across the Internet. In some embodiments, more than one database may be implemented.
In some embodiments, a plurality of instructions stored on a non-transitory computer readable medium may be executed by one or more processors to cause the one or more processors to carry out or implement in whole or in part the above-described operation of each of the above-described illustrative embodiments of the drilling system, the MPD manifold 20,120, the related methods, and/or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, such a processor may include one or more of the microprocessor, the processor, and/or any combination thereof, and such a non-transitory computer readable medium may include the computer readable medium and/or may be distributed among one or more components of the drilling system and/or the MPD manifold 20,120. In some embodiments, such a processor may execute the plurality of instructions in connection with a virtual computer system. In some embodiments, such a plurality of instructions may communicate directly with the one or more processors, and/or may interact with one or more operating systems, middleware, firmware, other applications, and/or any combination thereof, to cause the one or more processors to execute the instructions.
Accordingly, in some embodiments, the MPD manifold of the present disclosure comprises one or more multi-passageway valves that can be actuated synchronously to allow fluid to flow within the manifold according to the well drilling conditions and operational status of the chokes and flowmeters in the manifold. The one or more valves may comprise a seal to isolate the lubrication fluid in the valve from the drilling fluid flowing through the manifold. The one or more valves may comprise a sensor to detect failure of the seal.
In some embodiments, the manifold of present disclosure may comprise sensors to allow determination of the valve positions in real-time. The sensors may be positioned on the valve actuators, the valve control mechanism, and/or, if hydraulic assemblies are used, any moving component of the hydraulic assemblies.
In some embodiments, the manifold of present disclosure allows the transition of valve positions, for example, to switch between chokes, between a choke and the choke gut line, between flowmeters, or between a flowmeter and the flowmeter gut line, to occur smoothly, rapidly, and remotely without fully blocking fluid flow in the manifold.
In some embodiments, the manifold of present disclosure may be operated by a control in cooperation with a workstation MPD analyzer. The control unit collects data and sends the data to the workstation MPD analyzer for analysis. The analyzer then sends the analysis result to the control unit and the control unit controls the manifold components, for example the valves and chokes, based on the analysis result.
In some embodiments, the manifold of present disclosure includes a pressure sensor to monitor the pressure of fluid entering the flowmeter to allow the fluid to be promptly re-routed to bypass the flowmeter via the flowmeter gut line if potential over-pressurization of the flowmeter is detected.
Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and the “comprise”, “comprising”, and the like are to be construed in an inclusive sense, as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is to say, in the sense of “including, but not limited to”; “connected”, “coupled”, or any variant thereof, means any connection or coupling, either direct or indirect, between two or more elements; the coupling or connection between the elements can be physical, logical, or a combination thereof; “herein”, “above”, “below”, and words of similar import, when used to describe this specification, shall refer to this specification as a whole, and not to any particular portions of this specification; “or”, in reference to a list of two or more items, covers all of the following interpretations of the word: any of the items in the list, all of the items in the list, and any combination of the items in the list; the singular forms “a”, “an”, and “the” also include the meaning of any appropriate plural forms.
Where a component is referred to above, unless otherwise indicated, reference to that component should be interpreted as including as equivalents of that component any component which performs the function of the described component (i.e., that is functionally equivalent), including components which are not structurally equivalent to the disclosed structure which performs the function in the illustrated exemplary embodiments.
Various modifications to those embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the full scope consistent with the claims, wherein reference to an element in the singular, such as by use of the article “a” or “an” is not intended to mean “one and only one” unless specifically so stated, but rather “one or more”. All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various embodiments described throughout the disclosure that are known or later come to be known to those of ordinary skill in the art are intended to be encompassed by the elements of the claims. Moreover, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. It is therefore intended that the following appended claims and claims hereafter introduced are interpreted to include all such modifications, permutations, additions, omissions, and sub-combinations as may reasonably be inferred. The scope of the claims should not be limited by the preferred embodiments set forth in the examples but should be given the broadest interpretation consistent with the description as a whole.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/945,783, filed on Dec. 9, 2019, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
2094812 | Penick et al. | Oct 1937 | A |
2730910 | Province | Jan 1956 | A |
2858851 | Holl | Nov 1958 | A |
3310284 | Seiuemon | Mar 1967 | A |
3422329 | Anderson | Jan 1969 | A |
3494377 | Thuse | Feb 1970 | A |
4874008 | Lawson | Oct 1989 | A |
4934652 | Golden | Jun 1990 | A |
9963956 | Vilstrup | May 2018 | B2 |
10184310 | McHugh | Jan 2019 | B2 |
10253585 | Hickie | Apr 2019 | B2 |
10323490 | Vilstrup | Jun 2019 | B2 |
10738552 | Parker | Aug 2020 | B1 |
10968710 | Parker | Apr 2021 | B1 |
11193349 | Dille | Dec 2021 | B1 |
11226642 | Cook | Jan 2022 | B2 |
20080060846 | Belcher | Mar 2008 | A1 |
20160222743 | Gosney | Aug 2016 | A1 |
20170010139 | Vilstrup | Jan 2017 | A1 |
20170328153 | Watters | Nov 2017 | A1 |
20170342792 | McHugh | Nov 2017 | A1 |
20180252080 | Vilstrup | Sep 2018 | A1 |
20180283113 | Hickie | Oct 2018 | A1 |
20180284816 | Cook | Oct 2018 | A1 |
20190218872 | Hickie | Jul 2019 | A1 |
20200318746 | Parthasarathy | Oct 2020 | A1 |
20200399980 | Spencer | Dec 2020 | A1 |
20210172284 | Khorshidian | Jun 2021 | A1 |
20210301638 | Boyd | Sep 2021 | A1 |
20220025722 | Lymberopoulos | Jan 2022 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country |
---|---|---|
3101895 | Feb 2021 | CA |
2591309 | Jul 2021 | GB |
WO-2018183861 | Oct 2018 | WO |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20210172284 A1 | Jun 2021 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
62945783 | Dec 2019 | US |