Generally described, computing devices and communication networks can be utilized to exchange information. In a common application, a computing device can request content from another computing device via the communication network. For example, a user at a personal computing device can utilize a software browser application to request content, such as a Web page, from a server computing device via the Internet. In such embodiments, the user computing device can be referred to as a client computing device and the server computing device can be referred to as a content provider.
Content providers are generally motivated to provide requested content to client computing devices often with consideration of efficient transmission of the requested content to the client computing device and/or consideration of a cost associated with the transmission of the content. For larger scale implementations, a content provider may receive content requests from a high volume of client computing devices. Such higher volume requests can place a strain on the content provider's computing resources utilized to provide the requested content. Additionally, the content requested by the client computing devices may have a number of components, which can further place additional strain on the content provider's computing resources.
With reference to an illustrative example, a requested Web page, or original content, may be associated with a number of additional resources, such as images or videos, which are to be displayed with the Web page. In one specific embodiment, the additional resources of the Web page are identified by a number of embedded resource identifiers, such as uniform resource locators (“URLs”). In turn, software on the client computing devices typically processes embedded resource identifiers to generate requests for the content. Often, the resource identifiers associated with the embedded resources reference a computing device associated with the content provider such that the client computing device would transmit the request for the additional resources to the referenced content provider computing device. Accordingly, in order to satisfy a content request, the content provider(s) (or any service provider on behalf of the content provider(s)) would provide client computing devices data associated with the Web page and/or the data associated with the embedded resources.
Some content providers attempt to facilitate the delivery of requested content, such as Web pages and/or resources identified in Web pages, through the utilization of a network storage provider or a content delivery network (“CDN”) service provider. A network storage provider and a CDN server provider each typically maintain a number of computing devices in a communication network that can maintain content from various content providers. In turn, content providers can instruct, or otherwise suggest to, client computing devices to request some, or all, of the content provider's content from the network storage provider's or CDN service provider's computing devices.
As with content providers, network storage providers and CDN service providers are also generally motivated to provide requested content to client computing devices often with consideration of efficient transmission of the requested content to the client computing device and/or consideration of a cost associated with the transmission of the content. Accordingly, the service providers often consider factors such as latency of delivery of requested content in order to meet service level agreements or to generally improve the quality of delivery service.
With reference to the previous illustrative example, in some implementations, the content provider may desire to designate at least some of the additional resource embedded in the requested Web page as restricted content or to otherwise keep some portion of the content secure. In one approach, the content provider can utilize functionality included in the communication protocols, such as the Referer header associated with hypertext transfer protocol (“HTTP”), to restrict which clients can request content from a CDN service provider. However, such approaches are typically considered as a weak form of authentication and are prone to be spoofed. In another approach, the content provider can specify for the utilization of shared secret keys between the content provider and the CDN service provider or otherwise require the CDN service provider to authenticate all client requests for content with the content provider. However, such approaches typically require additional infrastructure and resources from the content provider and CDN service provider regarding authorization or verification protocols for each secure content request by a client.
The foregoing aspects and many of the attendant advantages of this invention will become more readily appreciated as the same become better understood by reference to the following detailed description, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Generally described, the present disclosure is directed to delivery of one or more resources associated with a content provider by selecting from available storage service providers and content delivery network (“CDN”) service providers. Specifically, aspects of the disclosure will be described with regard to the management of secure resource delivery by a service provider on behalf of a content provider. In one aspect, a content provider may associate different identities to the CDN service providers utilized to distribute requested resources on behalf of the content provider. The content provider, directly or indirectly, can associate content distribution policies in accordance with each CDN service provider identity. In another aspect, the client computing devices and CDN service providers can utilize secure content signatures in content requests without requiring validation of each signed content request by the content provider. Although various aspects of the disclosure will be described with regard to illustrative examples and embodiments, one skilled in the art will appreciate that the disclosed embodiments and examples should not be construed as limiting.
Although not illustrated in
The content delivery environment 100 can also include a content provider 104 in communication with the one or more client computing devices 102 via the communication network 108. The content provider 104 illustrated in
With continued reference to
In an illustrative embodiment, the DNS component 122, 128, 134 and resource cache component 124, 130, 136 are considered to be logically grouped, regardless of whether the components, or portions of the components, are physically separate. Additionally, although the POPs 120, 126, 132 are illustrated in
With further continued reference to
Each NSP POP 138, 144, 150 also includes a storage component 142, 148, 154 made up of a number of storage devices for storing resources from content providers which will be processed by the network storage provider 110 and transmitted to various client computers. The storage components 142, 148, 154 may further include additional software and/or hardware components that facilitate communications including, but not limited to, load balancing or load sharing software/hardware components. In an illustrative embodiment, the storage components 142, 148, 154 are considered to be logically grouped, regardless of whether the components, or portions of the components, are physically separate.
Additionally, although the NSP POPs 138, 144, 150 are illustrated in
In an illustrative embodiment, the content delivery environment 100 can further include one or more secure information verification services 156. The secure information verification services 156 can be used in conjunction with a secured resource request, or secured content request, to verify security information provided by the client computing devices 102 or the CDN service provider 106. The secure information verification services 156 can be associated with one or more components of the content delivery environment 100. Alternatively, the secure information verification services 156 can be an independent, third party service utilized by other components in the content delivery environment 100.
One skilled in the relevant art will appreciate that the components and configurations provided in
With reference now to
With reference to
Additionally, the registration API establishes the secured content information to be utilized by the CDN service provider 106 to manage requests by client computing devices 102. In one aspect, the secured content information can include signature information to be utilized by the CDN service provider 106 to verify secure content requests by clients. Alternatively, the secured content information can include information identifying one or more secure information verification services 156 utilized to verify secure content requests. In another aspect, the secured content information can include identity information utilized, such as an identifier, by the CDN service provider 106 to request information from an origin source, such as network storage provider 110. The identity information established for the CDN service provider 106 can be unique to individual CDN service providers or shared by two or more CDN server providers.
Based on the processing the registration API, the CDN service provider 106 can also confirm the registration API with the content provider 104. Additionally, the CDN service provider 106 can establish secure content information with network storage provider 110, which can include signature information to be utilized by the network storage provider 110 to verify secure content requests by the CDN service provider 106. The secure content information established between the CDN service provider 106 and the network storage provider 110 can be complimentary to any secure information provided by the content provider 104 or can replace any secure information provided by the content provider. Moreover, the secure content information established between the CDN service provider 106 and the network storage provider 110 can be different from any secure information associated with client computing devices 102
With reference to
One skilled in the relevant art will appreciate that upon storage of the content by the network storage provider 110, the content provider 104 can begin to direct requests for content from client computing devices 102 to the CDN service providers 106 or the CDN service providers to the network storage provider 110. Specifically, in accordance with DNS routing principles, a client computing device DNS request corresponding to a resource identifier would eventually be directed toward a storage component 140, 144, 148 of a NSP POP 138, 142, 146 associated with the network storage provider 110 (e.g., resolved to an IP address corresponding to a storage component).
In an illustrative embodiment, upon receiving the registration API, the network storage provider 110 obtains and processes the content provider registration information. In an illustrative embodiment, the network storage provider 110 can then generate additional information that will be used by the client computing devices 102 as part of the content requests. The additional information can include, without limitation, content provider identifiers, such as content provider identification codes, storage provider identifiers, such as storage provider identification codes, executable code for processing resource identifiers, such as script-based instructions, and the like. One skilled in the relevant art will appreciate that various types of additional information may be generated by the network storage provider 110 and that the additional information may be embodied in any one of a variety of formats.
The network storage provider 110 returns an identification of applicable domains for the network storage provider (unless it has been previously provided) and any additional information to the content provider 104. In turn, the content provider 104 can then process the stored content with content provider specific information. In one example, the content provider 104 translates resource identifiers originally directed toward a domain of the origin server 114 to a domain corresponding to the network storage provider 110. The modified URLs are embedded into requested content in a manner such that DNS queries for the modified URLs are received by a DNS nameserver corresponding to the network storage provider 110 and not a DNS nameserver corresponding to the content provider 104.
Generally, the identification of the resources originally directed to the content provider 104 will be in the form of a resource identifier that can be processed by the client computing device 102, such as through a browser software application. In an illustrative embodiment, the resource identifiers can be in the form of a uniform resource locator (“URL”). Because the resource identifiers are included in the requested content directed to the content provider, the resource identifiers can be referred to generally as the “content provider URL.” For purposes of an illustrative example, the content provider URL can identify a domain of the content provider 104 (e.g., contentprovider.com), a name of the resource to be requested (e.g., “resource.xxx”) and a path where the resource will be found (e.g., “path”). In this illustrative example, the content provider URL has the form of:
During an illustrative translation process, the content provider URL is modified such that requests for the resources associated with the modified URLs resolve to a POP associated with the network storage provider 110. In one embodiment, the modified URL identifies the domain of the CDN service provider (e.g., “CDNprovider.com”), the same name of the resource to be requested (e.g., “resource.xxx”) and the same path where the resource will be found (e.g., “path”). Additionally, the modified URL can include additional processing information (e.g., “additional information”). Still further, in the event the requested resource is designated as secured content by the content provider 104, the content provider URL will include some type of signature information that will be utilized by the CDN service provider 106 to verify that the request for the resource has been authorized by the content provider 104 (e.g., “signature information”). The modified URL would have the form of:
In another embodiment, the information associated with the network storage provider 110 is included in the modified URL, such as through prepending or other techniques, such that the modified URL can maintain all of the information associated with the original URL. In this embodiment, the modified URL would have the form of:
With reference now to
Alternatively, the embedded resource identifiers can remain in the form of the content provider URLs that would be received and processed by a DNS nameserver associated with the content provider 104. In this alternative embodiment, the receiving DNS nameserver would use a canonical name record (“CNAME”) that would identify the network storage component 110. Upon receipt of the returned CNAME, the client computing device 102 subsequently transmits a DNS query corresponding to the received CNAME. The client computing device 102 can then process the received CNAME in a manner similar to the modified URLs, described below. For ease of illustration, however, the alternative embodiment will not be described in further detail and the additional processing steps will only be described with regard to the modified URL. One skilled in the relevant will appreciate that the below description may be applicable to CNAMEs as described in the alternative embodiment.
With reference now to
In an illustrative embodiment, the identification of the identification of a DNS nameserver authoritative to the “CDNprovider” corresponds to an IP address of a DNS nameserver associated with the network storage provider 110. In one embodiment, the IP address is a specific network address unique to a DNS nameserver component of a POP. In another embodiment, the IP address can be shared by one or more POPs. In this embodiment, a further DNS query to the shared IP address utilizes a one-to-many network routing schema, such as anycast, such a specific POP will receive the request as a function of network topology. For example, in an anycast implementation, a DNS query issued by a client computing device 102 to a shared IP address will arrive at a DNS nameserver component of the CDN service provider 106 logically having the shortest network topology distance, often referred to as network hops, from the client computing device. The network topology distance does not necessarily correspond to geographic distance. However, in some embodiments, the network topology distance can be inferred to be the shortest network distance between a client computing device 102 and a network storage provider POP. With continued reference to
With reference now to
Upon receipt, the receiving CDN service provider storage component can process the resource request from the client computing device 102. In a first aspect, if the requested content corresponds to secure content (as designated by the content provider 104), the CDN service provider storage component can first verify whether the embedded resource request from the client computing device 102 includes appropriate signature information. As discussed with regard to
Alternatively, as illustrated in
With reference now to
Based on the submitted identifier and signature information, the network storage service provider 110 processes the resource requests in accordance with the policies previously set by the content provider 104. For example, the network storage service provider 110 may maintain access control lists (“ACL”) based on identities. The ACLs can define which identities can access a requested resource, criteria associated with authorized access (e.g., time restraints for accessing resources) and various policies that are to be associated with returned resources (e.g., expiration data for the requested resource). One skilled in the relevant art will appreciate that additional or alternative policy information may be utilized by the content provider 104 or network storage provider 110. Still further, in an illustrative embodiment, the content provider 104 may authorize, or otherwise designate as proxies, entities to define modify or maintain policy information. For example, a network storage provider 110 may be authorized by a content provider 104 to modify any policy information associated with one or more CDN service providers 106.
While illustrative embodiments have been disclosed and discussed, one skilled in the relevant art will appreciate that additional or alternative embodiments may be implemented within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Additionally, although many embodiments have been indicated as illustrative, one skilled in the relevant art will appreciate that the illustrative embodiments do not need to be combined or implemented together. As such, some illustrative embodiments do not need to be utilized or implemented in accordance with the scope of variations to the present disclosure.
Conditional language, such as, among others, “can,” “could,” “might,” or “may,” unless specifically stated otherwise, or otherwise understood within the context as used, is generally intended to convey that certain embodiments include, while other embodiments do not include, certain features, elements or steps. Thus, such conditional language is not generally intended to imply that features, elements or steps are in any way required for one or more embodiments or that one or more embodiments necessarily include logic for deciding, with or without user input or prompting, whether these features, elements or steps are included or are to be performed in any particular embodiment. Moreover, unless specifically stated otherwise, or otherwise understood within the context as used, is generally intended to convey utilization of the conjunction “or” in enumerating a list of elements does not limit the selection of only a single element and can include the combination of two or more elements.
Any process descriptions, elements, or blocks in the flow diagrams described herein and/or depicted in the attached figures should be understood as potentially representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps in the process. Alternate implementations are included within the scope of the embodiments described herein in which elements or functions may be deleted, executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those skilled in the art. It will further be appreciated that the data and/or components described above may be stored on a computer-readable medium and loaded into memory of the computing device using a drive mechanism associated with a computer-readable medium storing the computer executable components, such as a CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, or network interface. Further, the component and/or data can be included in a single device or distributed in any manner. Accordingly, general purpose computing devices may be configured to implement the processes, algorithms and methodology of the present disclosure with the processing and/or execution of the various data and/or components described above. Alternatively, some or all of the methods described herein may alternatively be embodied in specialized computer hardware. In addition, the components referred to herein may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof.
It should be emphasized that many variations and modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments, the elements of which are to be understood as being among other acceptable examples. All such modifications and variations are intended to be included herein within the scope of this disclosure and protected by the following claims.
This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/722,454, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,397,073, entitled MANAGING SECURE CONTENT IN A CONTENT DELIVERY NETWORK, and filed Mar. 11, 2010, which in turn claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/240,164, entitled DELIVERY OF SECURE CONTENT, and filed on Sep. 4, 2009, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20130191645 A1 | Jul 2013 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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61240164 | Sep 2009 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 12722454 | Mar 2010 | US |
Child | 13794415 | US |