Information
-
Patent Grant
-
6216777
-
Patent Number
6,216,777
-
Date Filed
Thursday, January 27, 200024 years ago
-
Date Issued
Tuesday, April 17, 200123 years ago
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Inventors
-
Original Assignees
-
Examiners
Agents
-
CPC
-
US Classifications
Field of Search
US
- 165 140
- 165 173
- 165 175
- 165 176
- 029 890052
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International Classifications
-
Abstract
A manifold for a heat exchanger includes a base member having a plurality of tubular members for connection to tubes of a heat exchanger. The manifold also includes a plurality of folds disposed between the tubular members to form a channel above a plane of the base member. The manifold includes a first side member extending from a side edge of the base member and a second side member extending from another side of the base member and opposing the first side member. The free ends of the first side member and the second side member are disposed in the channel and secured in place between the folds to define a first fluid conduit and a second fluid conduit.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to heat exchangers for motor vehicles and, more specifically, to a manifold and method of making same for a heat exchanger in a motor vehicle.
2. Description of the Related Art
It is known to provide a heat exchanger such as a condenser for an air conditioning system of a motor vehicle. The heat exchanger typically includes a plurality of U-shaped tubes having a fluid passing therethrough and a plurality of fins extending between the tubes. The number of U-shaped tubes depends on thermal capacity requirements of the heat exchanger. In order to connect these tubes together so that the fluid can flow through the tubes, manifolds are used having a series of openings corresponding to and mating with the ends of the tubes. The manifolds have an inlet port and an outlet port which circulate the fluid through the heat exchanger and then return the fluid to a remote location for subsequent recycling.
It is also known to fabricate manifolds as an extrusion using an extruding process. An example of such a method to make a manifold is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,190,101. In this patent, a manifold for a heat exchanger is fabricated by extruding a generally planar base member with a U-shaped channel disposed below a plane thereof and a pair of vertically depending walls projecting generally perpendicularly to the plane of the base member. The method includes forming a plurality of fluid conducting passageways in the base member and rolling the vertical depending walls toward a longitudinal center of the base member until the free ends of the walls are disposed in the channel of the base member to form fluid conduits. However, these extruded manifolds are relatively expensive to produce.
It is further known to fabricate manifolds as a stamping using a stamping process. An example of such a method to make a manifold is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,163,509. In this patent, a manifold assembly for a heat exchanger includes a first manifold and a second manifold. The first manifold has a first hollow conduit and a first plurality of apertures through the first conduit. The second manifold has a second hollow conduit and a second plurality of apertures through the second conduit. The manifold assembly includes at least one joining member between the first and second manifolds for joining the first manifold to the second manifold with the first conduit being side-by-side and adjacent the second conduit. The joining member includes a region of weakness for facilitating separation of the first and second manifolds. The manifold assembly is fabricated by stamping and bending a single elongate sheet metal strip.
Although the above manifolds have worked, they suffer from the disadvantage that the extruded manifolds are relatively costly to manufacture. Another disadvantage of the above manifolds is that the stamped manifolds have a portion extending above the plane of the fluid conduits. Yet another disadvantage of the above manifolds is that the stamped manifolds have a pair of seams that are brazed which may result in leakage of fluid if not brazed properly. Still another disadvantage of the above manifolds is that extruded manifolds have a U-shaped channel disposed below a plane of the base member, which is undesired. Therefore, there is a need in the art to provide a manifold for a heat exchanger of a motor vehicle that overcomes these disadvantages.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, the present invention is a manifold for a heat exchanger including a base member having a plurality of tubular members for connection to tubes of a heat exchanger. The manifold also includes a plurality of folds disposed between the tubular members to form a channel above a plane of the base member. The manifold includes a first side member extending from a side edge of the base member and a second side member extending from another side of the base member and opposing the first side member. The free ends of the first side member and the second side member are disposed in the channel and secured in place between the folds to define a first fluid conduit and a second fluid conduit.
Also, the present invention is a method of making a manifold for a heat exchanger. The method includes the steps of providing a generally planar sheet having a base member with a plurality of tubular members for connection to tubes of a heat exchanger. The method also includes the step of folding the sheet and forming a plurality of folds between the tubular members to form a channel above a plane of the base member. The method includes the step of folding lateral side edges of the sheet to form a first side member and a second side member opposing each other. The method further includes the step of folding free ends of the first side member and the second side member toward each other and disposing the free ends in the channel to define a first fluid conduit and a second fluid conduit.
One advantage of the present invention is that a stamped manifold for a heat exchanger such as a condenser is provided for an air conditioning system of a motor vehicle for condensing liquid refrigerant. Another advantage of the present invention is that the manifold uses a sheet that is stamped, folded and brazed to make a manifold. Yet another advantage of the present invention is that the manifold is stamped and folded and is less costly and more economical to manufacture than an extruded manifold.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be readily appreciated, as the same becomes better understood after reading the subsequent description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1
is a perspective view of a manifold, according to the present invention, illustrated in operational relationship with a heat exchanger.
FIG. 2
is a sectional view taken along line
2
—
2
of FIG.
1
.
FIGS. 3A through 3D
illustrate steps of a method, according to the present invention, of making the manifold of FIG.
1
.
FIG. 4
is a partial fragmentary view of another embodiment, according to the present invention, of the manifold of
FIGS. 1 and 2
.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT(S)
Referring to the drawings and in particular
FIG. 1
, one embodiment of a heat exchanger
10
, such as a condenser for an air conditioning system (not shown), is shown for a motor vehicle (not shown). The heat exchanger
10
is of a tube and fin type and includes a plurality of U-shaped tubes
12
with a plurality of heat dissipative fins
14
extending between each of the tubes
12
. The heat exchanger
10
also includes a manifold, generally indicated at
16
and according to the present invention, matingly engaging generally cup-shaped free ends
17
of the tubes
12
and disposed at one end of the heat exchanger
10
. As illustrated, the manifold
16
is a double chambered manifold having a first fluid conduit
18
and a second fluid conduit
20
. The first fluid conduit
18
includes an inlet port
22
for receiving fluid therein and the second fluid conduit
20
includes an outlet port
24
for discharge of fluid therefrom. Fluid to be cooled (or heated) enters the manifold
16
through the inlet port
22
and is directed through the tubes
12
wherein the fluid is cooled by a secondary fluid, such as air, passing over the fins
14
. Baffles (not shown) in the manifold
16
direct the fluid through the tubes
12
wherein the fluid eventually discharges from outlet port
24
. The heat exchanger
10
may include end plates
26
to support the tubes
12
for the manifold
16
. It should be appreciated that, except for the manifold
16
, the heat exchanger
10
is conventional and known in the art. It should also be appreciated that the manifold
16
could be used for heat exchangers in other applications besides motor vehicles.
Referring to
FIGS. 1 and 2
, the manifold
16
extends longitudinally. The manifold
16
includes a base member
28
being generally planar and extending laterally. The manifold
16
also includes a plurality of tubular members
30
extending generally perpendicular to the base member
28
. The tubular members
30
have a generally circular cross-sectional shape with a fluid passageway
32
extending therethrough and fluidly communicating with the first fluid conduit
18
and the second fluid conduit
20
. The tubular members
30
and base member
28
are integral, unitary and formed as one-piece from a metal material such as aluminum. It should be appreciated that the tubular members
30
are secured to the tubes
12
by suitable means such as brazing.
The manifold
16
also includes a first side member
34
along one side of the base member
28
. The first side member
34
is generally arcuate in cross-sectional shape. The manifold
16
includes a second side member
36
along the other side of the base member
28
and opposing the first side member
34
. The second side member
36
is generally arcuate in cross-sectional shape. The first and second side members
34
and
36
and the base member
28
are integral, unitary and formed as one piece from a metal material such as aluminum. It should be appreciated that the first side member
34
and second side member
36
may have any suitable cross-sectional shape.
The manifold
16
includes at least one, preferably a plurality of folds
38
extending from the base member
28
between a pair of laterally spaced tubular members
30
to form a channel
40
. In the embodiment illustrated, two folds
38
are spaced laterally and extend generally perpendicular to and above a plane of the base member
28
. Each of the folds
38
extends longitudinally and has a first portion
42
and a second portion
44
. Each fold
38
is formed by folding the base member
28
to form the first portion
42
and back on itself to form the second portion
44
to obtain a predetermined fold height. In the embodiment illustrated, the predetermined fold height is approximately 5.5 mm. The folds
38
and base member
28
are integral, unitary and formed as one-piece from a metal material such as aluminum. It should be appreciated that the channel
40
is disposed above the plane of the base member
28
.
After the folds
38
are formed, the free ends of the first side member
34
and second side member
36
are disposed in the channel
40
to form the first fluid conduit
18
and second fluid conduit
20
, respectively. The manifold
16
has its inner and outer surfaces coated with a known brazing material. As a result, the brazing material flows between the base member
28
, folds
38
, first side member
34
and second side member
36
by capillary flow action to braze the first side member
34
and second side member
36
and base member
28
together in the channel
40
.
Referring to
FIGS. 3A through 3D
, a method, according to the present invention, of the making the manifold
16
is shown. The method includes the step of providing a generally planar sheet
50
of elongate, deformable material such as aluminum coated with a braze material. The method includes the step of forming the sheet
50
into a base member
28
with tubular members
30
and having the first side member
34
and second side member
36
along a longitudinal length thereof as illustrated in FIG.
3
A. The sheet
50
is provided as a stamping. The method includes the step of folding the sheet
50
between the tubular members
30
to form the folds
38
with the first portion
42
and the second portion
44
to a predetermined fold height above a plane of the base member
28
as illustrated in FIG.
3
B. The method includes the step of flanging the lateral outer edges of the sheet
50
to form the first side member
34
and second side member
36
as illustrated in FIG.
3
C. The method also includes the step of folding or rolling the first side member
34
and second side member
36
toward one another until their free ends are disposed in and meet in the channel
40
to form the first fluid conduit
18
and second fluid conduit
20
as illustrated in FIG.
3
D. The free ends of the first side member
34
and second side member
36
are locked or secured in place between the folds
38
. The method includes the step of forming ends of the fluid conduits
18
and
20
and assembling adapters into drilled holes in the first and second side members
32
and
34
to form the inlet
22
and outlet
24
. The method includes the step of brazing the manifold
16
by heating the manifold
16
to a predetermined temperature to melt the brazing material to braze the base member
28
, folds
38
, first side member
34
and second side member
36
together and cooling the manifold
16
to solidify the molten braze material to secure the base member
28
, folds
38
, first side member
34
and second side member
36
together.
Referring to
FIG. 4
, another embodiment
116
, according to the present invention, of the manifold
16
is shown. Like parts of the manifold
16
have like reference numerals increased by one hundred (100). In this embodiment, the free ends of the first side member
134
and second side member
136
have side margins or edges
152
and
154
, respectively, of a thickness less than a thickness of a remainder thereof. The side edges
152
and
154
are disposed in the channel
140
. The side edges
152
and
154
allow the channel
140
to have a width less than the width of the remainder or original thickness of both side members
134
and
136
. The side edges
152
and
154
may be formed by laterally compressing the folds
138
after the side members
134
and
136
are disposed therebetween.
Accordingly, the manifold
16
is a cost reduction over current manifolds that are made from a dual extruded tube with tubular members back extruded. The manifold
16
has a sheet with extruded tubular members or risers and is folded and brazed to make the manifold.
The present invention has been described in an illustrative manner. It is to be understood that the terminology which has been used is intended to be in the nature of words of description rather than of limitation.
Many modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. Therefore, within the scope of the appended claims, the present invention may be practiced other than as specifically described.
Claims
- 1. A manifold for a heat exchanger comprising:a base member having a plurality of tubular members for connection to tubes of a heat exchanger; a plurality of folds disposed between said tubular members to form a channel above a plane of said base member; a first side member extending from a side edge of said base member; a second side member extending from another side of said base member and opposing said first side member; and free ends of said first side member and said second side member being disposed in said channel and secured in place between said folds to define a first fluid conduit and a second fluid conduit.
- 2. A manifold as set forth in claim 1 wherein said base member, said folds, said first side member and said second side member are integral, unitary and formed as one-piece.
- 3. A manifold as set forth in claim 1 wherein said folds comprise a first fold and a second fold spaced laterally and extending longitudinally and generally perpendicular to said base member.
- 4. A manifold as set forth in claim 1 wherein each of said folds has a first portion and a second portion adjacent said first portion and being formed from said base member.
- 5. A manifold as set forth in claim 1 wherein said first side member and said second side member have a generally arcuate shape.
- 6. A manifold as set forth in claim 1 wherein said manifold is a stamping.
- 7. A manifold as set forth in claim 1 wherein said manifold is made from an aluminum sheet.
- 8. A manifold as set forth in claim 1 wherein said free ends each have a side edge of a thickness less than a thickness of said first side member and said second side member, each side edge being disposed in said channel.
- 9. A manifold as set forth in claim 8 wherein said channel has a width less than a thickness of both said first side member and said second side member.
- 10. A method of making a manifold for a heat exchanger comprising the steps of:providing a generally planar sheet having a base member with a plurality of tubular members for connection to tubes of a heat exchanger; folding the sheet and forming a plurality of folds between the tubular members to form a channel above a plane of the base member; folding lateral side edges of the sheet to form a first side member and a second side member opposing each other; and folding free ends of the first side member and the second side member toward each other and disposing the free ends in the channel to define a first fluid conduit and a second fluid conduit.
- 11. A method as set forth in claim 10 including the step of securing the free ends in the channel.
- 12. A method as set forth in claim 11 wherein said step of securing comprises brazing.
- 13. A method as set forth in claim 10 wherein said step of forming the folds comprises folding the sheet and forming a first portion and folding the sheet back on itself to form a second portion.
- 14. A method as set forth in claim 10 wherein said step of folding lateral side edges comprises flanging the lateral side edges of the sheet to form a first side member and a second side member opposing each other.
- 15. A method as set forth in claim 10 wherein said step of folding free ends comprises rolling the free ends of the first side member and the second side member toward each other and disposing the free ends in the channel to define a first fluid conduit and a second fluid conduit.
- 16. A method as set forth in claim 10 wherein said step of providing comprises providing a stamped planar sheet having a base member with a plurality of tubular members for connection to tubes of a heat exchanger.
- 17. A method as set forth in claim 10 including the step of forming the free ends of the first side member and second side member with a side edge of a thickness less than a thickness of the first side member and the second side member.
- 18. A method as set forth in claim 17 including the step of disposing each side edge of the free ends in the channel.
- 19. A method as set forth in claim 17 including the step of forming the channel with a width less than a thickness of both the first side member and the second side member.
- 20. A method as set forth in claim 10 including the step of compressing the folds and free ends of the first side member and second side member.
US Referenced Citations (4)
Number |
Name |
Date |
Kind |
3368617 |
Rosman et al. |
Feb 1968 |
|
4770240 |
Dawson et al. |
Sep 1988 |
|
5163509 |
Dawson |
Nov 1992 |
|
5190101 |
Jalilevand et al. |
Mar 1993 |
|
Foreign Referenced Citations (2)
Number |
Date |
Country |
59-104096 |
Jun 1984 |
JP |
51896 |
Jan 1993 |
JP |