TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a manufacturing method for an annular member and a pronged annular member, and in particular, relates to a manufacturing method for an annular member in which an annular-shaped annular portion and a pronged annular member that has at least one prong formed substantially perpendicular on the outer circumference of this annular portion are manufactured, and a pronged annular member.
BACKGROUND ART
Conventionally a manufacturing method for this type of annular member has been proposed in which a carrier that is used in the planetary gear mechanism is manufactured by a press process and a bending process being applied to a cylindrical base material at room temperature. In this method, a discoid workpiece that includes a central portion, four prongs that extend radially from this center portion, and linking portions that link these prongs together is formed by applying a press process to a cylindrical base material to remove the linking portions from this workpiece and to form thereby a carrier in which the four prongs are bent at 90°.
In addition, a manufacturing method for this type of annular member has been proposed (for example, refer to Patent Document 1) that includes a roughly shaped piece formation step that forms a pronged roughly shaped piece that includes a base portion, a plurality of prong portions having differing widths (thicknesses) along the outer circumferential surface of one surface side of the base portion, and a film portion that extends between each of the prongs, and a trimming step in which the film portions of the roughly shaped piece and the center portion of the bottom portion formed by the roughly shaped piece formation step are trimmed. In this manufacturing method, during the roughly shaped piece formation step, backward extrusion formation is carried out such that the thickness of the film portion adjacent to a prong portion, whose width is narrower than the other prong portions, becomes thicker than the film portion between the other prong portions. Thereby, the induction of the material flow to the prong portions having a narrow width is promoted, and prong portions having differing widths and a uniform height are formed.
Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2001-105085
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
In the former manufacturing method for an annular member described above, because it is necessary to provide a significant bending process to bend the four prong portions by 90° after the press process for the workpiece by a large elastic deformation of the base material, it is necessary to carry out annealing between the press process and the bending process, and this requires time from the initial press process of the base material to the completion of the carrier. In addition, in the latter manufacturing method for an annular member described above, because the material only flows in the circumferential direction of the discoid blank when backward extrusion formation is carried out, it is necessary to apply a comparatively heavy load to the discoid blank when carrying out the backward extrusion formation.
It is an object of the manufacturing method for an annular member of present invention to reduce the manufacturing steps for manufacturing the annular member from the base material. In addition, it is an object of the manufacturing method for an annular member of the present invention to manufacture an annular member from the base material without carrying out annealing. Furthermore, it is an object of the manufacturing method for an annular member of the present invention to shorten the time that is necessary to manufacture the annular member from the base material. It is an object of the manufacturing method for an annular member of the present invention to reduce the load required when carrying out the press process on the base material.
The manufacturing method for an annular member of the present invention includes the following means for attaining at least a portion of the objects described above.
The manufacturing method for an annular member of the present invention manufactures a pronged annular member that includes an annular-shaped annular portion and at least one prong formed substantially perpendicular on the outer circumference of this annular portion, includes:
(a) preparing an annular base material;
(b) forming a workpiece by applying one press process to this base material, the workpiece including a circular bottom portion having a hole in the center thereof and a skirt-shaped outer wall portion that includes prong portions that form the prongs on the outer circumference of the bottom portion and linking portions that link the prong portions; and
(c) forming the pronged annular member by removing the linking portions from the formed workpiece.
In the manufacturing method for an annular member of the present invention, a workpiece is formed by applying one press process to a prepared annular base material, the workpiece including a circular bottom portion having a hole in the center thereof and a skirt-shaped outer wall portion that includes prong portions on the outer circumference of the bottom portion and linking portions that link the prong portions, and the linking portions are removed from the formed workpiece to form the pronged annular member. Therefore, it is not necessary to carry out a bending process on the prong portions. As a result, it is possible to decrease the manufacturing steps for manufacturing the annular member from the annular base material, and additionally, it is possible to decrease the time that is necessary to manufacture the annular member from the base material. In addition, in the case in which a workpiece is formed by one press process on the annular material and has a cylindrical vertical wall portion that is concentric to the outer wall portion along the hole in the center of the bottom portion, it is possible to increase the directions of the flow of the base material (substance), and it is possible to reduce further the load (pressure) that is necessary when carrying out the press process on the base material.
The manufacturing method for such an annular member of the present invention can be characterized in that at least the steps (b) described above and after can be carried out by cold forging. Thereby, because heating is not necessary, it is possible to shorten the time that is necessary for cooling.
In addition, the manufacturing method for an annular member of the present invention can be characterized in that at least none of the steps (b) described above and after carry out annealing. Thereby, it is possible to manufacture the annular member from the base material without carrying out annealing. As a result, the annealing step and the cooling step that follows the annealing are not necessary, and it is possible to shorten the time that is necessary to manufacture the annular member from the base material.
Furthermore, in the manufacturing method for an annular member of the present invention, the step (b) described above is a step in which the workpiece is formed such that the outer diameter of the linking portions in the outer wall portion is larger than the outer diameter of the prong portions, and step (c) described above can be a step that includes a step (c1), in which the linking portions are removed such that the linking portions in the outer wall portion are sheared off by a force that acts from the prong portions toward the prongs. Thereby, it is possible to remove the linking portions readily. In this case, the step (b) described above can be a step in which the workpiece described above is formed such that the inner diameter of the linking portions in the outer wall portion is larger than the inner diameter of the prong portions. In addition, the step (b) described above can be a step in which the workpiece is formed such that the inner diameter of the linking portions in the outer wall portion is substantially identical to the outer diameter of the prong portions. Furthermore, the step (c) described above can be a step in which the linking portions are removed, and at the same time, the portion of the workpiece that includes the hole in the bottom portion is cut off. Thereby, in comparison to carrying out the step of removing the linking portions and the step of cutting off the portion that includes the hole in the bottom of the workpiece as separate steps, it is possible to reduce the number of steps, and it is possible to shorten the time that is necessary to manufacture the annular member from the base material.
Alternatively, in the manufacturing method for an annular member of the present invention, the step (b) described above can be a step in which the workpiece described above is formed such that the wall thickness of the connecting portions, which are the portions that connect the prong portions and the linking portions, is thinner than the wall thickness of the prong portions and the wall thickness of the linking portions. Thereby, in the case in which the linking portions are removed by applying a force to the portions that include the connecting portions (for example, the base of a linking portion at the bottom portion and a connecting portion), it is possible to reduce further the load that is necessary to remove the linking portions.
In the manufacturing method for an annular member of the present invention, the step (b) described above can be a step in which the workpiece is manufactured such that the wall thickness of the linking portions is thinner than the wall thickness of the prong portions. Thereby, in comparison to making the wall thickness of the linking portions and the wall thickness of the prong portions substantially identical, it is possible to reduce the amount of base material that flows toward the linking portion side when carrying out the press process. As a result, it is possible to reduce the waste of material up to the point at which the annular member has been manufactured from the base material. In addition, the step (b) described above can be a step in which the workpiece is formed such that the base of the inside of the prong portions at the bottom portion has a wall thickness that has a radius that is larger in comparison to the base of the inside of the connecting portions at the base portion. Thus, it is possible to increase the strength of the base of the prong portions, and at the same time, it is possible to suppress cracks from occurring in the base of the prong portions while being elastically deformed due to the press process.
In addition, in the manufacturing method for the annular member of the present invention, the step (c) described above can be a step that includes a step (c2), in which the inner diameter of the prong portions is widened after removing the linking portions from the formed workpiece, and step (c) described above can be a step that includes a step (c3) in which the trimming of the locations that link the prong portions and the linking portions is carried out after removing the linking portions from the formed workpiece.
In the manufacturing method for an annular member of the present invention, the step (c) described above can be a step that includes a step (c4), in which at least one of the roughness and the evenness of the surface of at least the inside of the bottom portion are adjusted after the linking portions are removed from the formed workpiece. In this case, the step (a) described above can be a step in which a base material is prepared whose surface has been subject to a phosphating treatment providing a surface coating that includes a metallic soap, and step (c4) described above can be a step in which at least one of the roughness and evenness of this surface is adjusted after providing a process in which the metallic soap is removed. Thereby, it is possible to adjust the roughness and the evenness of the surface of the inside of the bottom portion.
In addition, in the manufacturing method for an annular member of the present invention, the step (b) described above can be a step in which the workpiece is formed having a cylindrical vertical wall that is concentric to the outer wall portion along the hole in the center of the bottom portion. Thereby, it is possible to increase the directions of the flow of the base material when carrying out the press process one time, and it is possible to reduce further the load that is necessary when carrying out the press process on the base material.
In the manufacturing method for an annular member of the present invention that is a mode in which a workpiece is formed that has these vertical wall portions, the step (b) described above can be a step in which the workpiece is formed such that the length to the end portion of this vertical wall portion is adjusted by varying the wall thickness of the linking portions depending on the distance from the prong portions. Thereby, it is possible to adjust the length to the end portion of the vertical wall portion. In this case, the step (b) described above can be a step in which the workpiece is formed such that the wall thickness of the linking portions becomes continuously larger as the distance from the prong portions becomes larger. In addition, the step (b) described above can be a step in which the workpiece is formed such that the end portion of the vertical wall member becomes continuous along the circumference of the vertical wall portion.
In addition, in the manufacturing method for an annular member of the present invention that is a mode in which a workpiece is formed that has a vertical wall portion, the step (b) described above can be a step in which the workpiece is formed such that the inner circumferential surface of the vertical wall portion has a predetermined shape. In this case, the step (b) can be a step in which the workpiece is formed such that this predetermined shape is a spline shape. Thereby, the base material readily flows toward the vertical wall portion side when the press process is carried out, and it is possible to reduce further the load that is necessary when carrying out, the press process on the base material.
Furthermore, in the manufacturing method for an annular member of the present invention that is a mode in which a workpiece is formed that has a vertical wall portion, the step (b) described above can be a step in which the workpiece that is formed has vertical wall portions that include a first vertical wall portion having a direction that is identical to the direction of the outer wall portion with respect to the hole in the center of the bottom portion and a second vertical wall portion having a direction that is opposed to the direction of the outer wall portion with respect to the hole in the center of the bottom portion. In this case, the step (c) described above can be a step that includes a step (c5) in which the first vertical wall portion is removed from the workpiece after the linking portions have been removed from the formed workpiece.
In the manufacturing method for an annular member of the present invention, the annular member is a carrier in a planetary gear mechanism. Note that in addition to such a carrier, any type of annular member is satisfactory when the annular member is a pronged annular member that includes an annular-shaped annular portion and at least one prong formed substantially perpendicular on the outer circumference of the annular-shaped annular portion.
In the pronged annular member of the present invention including an annular-shaped annular portion and at least one prong that is formed substantially perpendicular on the outer circumference of the annular portion, generally,
the pronged annular member is formed by removing the linking portions from a workpiece that has been formed by one press process being applied to an annular base material, the workpiece including a circular bottom portion having a hole in the center thereof and a skirt-shaped outer wall portion that includes prong portions that form prongs on the outer circumference of the bottom portion and linking portions that link these prong portions.
The pronged annular member of the present invention is formed by removing the linking portions from the workpiece that has been formed by one press process being applied to an annular base material, the workpiece including a circular bottom portion having a hole in the center thereof and a skirt-shaped outer wall portion that includes prong portions in which prongs are formed on the outer circumference of the bottom portion and linking portions that link these prong portions. Therefore, in contrast to carrying out a bending process at the prong portions, it is possible to manufacture a pronged annular member from an annular member by using fewer manufacturing steps, and it is possible to shorten the time that is necessary to manufacture the pronged annular member from the base material.
In such a pronged annular member of the present invention, the workpiece can be formed such that the outer diameter of the linking portions in the outer wall portion is larger than the outer diameter of the prong portions, and the pronged annular member can be formed by removing the linking portions such that the linking portions in the outer wall portions are sheared off from the prong portions by a force that is applied in the direction of the prongs. In this case, the workpiece can be formed such that the inner diameter of the linking portions in the outer wall portion is larger than the inner diameter of the prong portions. In addition, the workpiece can be formed such that the inner diameter of the linking portions in the outer wall portion is substantially identical to the outer diameter of the prong portions.
In addition, in the pronged annular member of the present invention, the pronged annular member can be formed by removing the linking portions and by cutting off a portion of the workpiece that includes the hole in the bottom portion. In addition, the workpiece can be formed such that the wall thickness of the connecting portions, which are the parts that connect the prong portions and the linking portions, is made thinner than the wall thickness of the prong portions and the wall thickness of the linking portions.
Furthermore, in the pronged annular member of the present invention, the workpiece can be formed such that the wall thickness of the linking portions is made thinner than the wall thickness of the prong portions. In addition, the workpiece can be formed such that the base of the inside of the prong portions at the bottom portion has a wall thickness that has a radius that is larger in comparison to the base of the inside of the linking portions at the bottom portion.
Alternatively, in the pronged annular member of the present invention, the pronged annular member can be formed by widening the inner diameter of the prong portions after removing the linking portions from the formed workpiece. In addition, the pronged annular member can be formed by carrying out trimming of the locations that link the linking portions and the prong portions after removing the linking portions from the formed workpiece.
In the pronged annular member of the present invention, the pronged annular member can be formed by adjusting at least one of the roughness and the evenness of at least the inside surface of the bottom portion after removing the linking portions from the formed workpiece. In this case, the annular base material can be a base material whose surface has been subject to a phosphating treatment that provides a surface coating that includes a metallic soap, and the pronged annular member can be formed by adjusting at least one of the roughness and the evenness of this surface after providing a process in which the metallic soap is removed.
In addition, in the pronged annular member of the present invention, the workpiece can be a member having a cylindrical vertical wall portion that is concentric to the outer wall portion along the hole in the center of the bottom portion.
In the manufacturing method for an annular member of the present invention that is a mode in which the workpiece has a vertical wall portion, the workpiece can be formed by adjusting the length to the end portion of the vertical wall portion by varying the wall thickness of the linking portions according to the distance from the prong portions. In this case, the workpiece can be formed such that the wall thickness of the linking portions becomes continuously larger as the distance from the prong portions becomes larger.
In addition, in the pronged annular member of the present invention that is a mode in which the workpiece has a vertical wall portion, the workpiece is formed such that the inner circumferential surface of the vertical wall portion has a predetermined shape. In this case, the workpiece can be formed such that the inner circumferential surface of the vertical wall portion is a spline shape.
Furthermore, in the pronged annular member of the present invention that is a mode in which the workpiece has vertical wall portions, the workpiece can be formed such that the vertical wall portions include a first vertical wall portion having a direction that is identical to that of the outer wall portion with respect to the hole in the center of the bottom portion and a second vertical wall portion that has a direction that is opposed to that of the outer wall portion with respect to the hole in the center of the bottom portion. In this case, the pronged annular member can be formed by removing the first vertical wall portion from the workpiece after removing the linking portions from the formed workpiece.
In the pronged annular member of the present invention, the pronged annular member can be a carrier in a planetary gear mechanism.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the external appearance of a carrier 20.
FIG. 2 is an AA perspective view in which the carrier 20 in FIG. 1 is viewed from the A-A plane.
FIG. 3 is a step diagram showing an example of a mode of the manufacturing of the carrier 20.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the external appearance of a base material 20a.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the external appearance of a workpiece 20b.
FIG. 6 is an AA perspective view in which the workpiece 20b in FIG. 5 is viewed from the A-A plane.
FIG. 7 is a BB perspective view in which the workpiece 20b in FIG. 5 is viewed from the B-B plane.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a process apparatus 40.
FIG. 9 is an AA perspective view in which the process apparatus 40 in FIG. 8 is viewed from the A-A plane.
FIG. 10 is a BB perspective view in which the process apparatus 40 in FIG. 8 is viewed from the B-B plane.
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the process apparatus 40 when the workpiece 20b is being formed from the base material 20a.
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the E-E cross-section of the process apparatus 40 in FIG. 11.
FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing the external appearance of a pronged annular member 20c.
FIG. 14 is an AA perspective view in which the workpiece 20c in FIG. 13 is viewed from the A-A plane.
FIG. 15 is a BB perspective view in which the workpiece 20c in FIG. 13 is viewed from the B-B plane.
FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of a shearing apparatus 60.
FIG. 17 is an AA perspective view in which the shearing apparatus 60 in FIG. 16 is viewed from the A-A plane.
FIG. 18 is a BB perspective view showing the B-B plane of the shearing apparatus 60 in FIG. 16.
FIG. 19 is an explanatory drawing showing a mode when the portion that includes the linking portions 27 and the inner wall portion 24 are cut off of the workpiece 20b by using the shearing apparatus 60.
FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of the E-E cross-section of the shearing apparatus 60 in FIG. 19.
FIG. 21 is an explanatory drawing showing a mode in which the inner diameter of the prong portions 26b of the pronged annular member 20c is widened.
FIG. 22 is an explanatory drawing showing a portion where the trimming of the pronged annular member 20c is carried out.
FIG. 23 is an explanatory drawing showing a portion where the coining of the pronged annular member 20c is carried out.
FIG. 24 is a step diagram showing an example of a mode of the manufacture of a modified example of a carrier 20.
FIG. 25 is a perspective view showing the external appearance of the pronged annular member 20d with an inner wall portion.
FIG. 26 is an explanatory drawing showing an example of the bottom side 50b of a modified example of the process apparatus 40B.
FIG. 27 is a perspective view showing the external appearance of the workpiece 120b.
FIG. 28 is an AA perspective view in which the workpiece 120b in FIG. 27 is viewed from the A-A plane.
FIG. 29 is a BB perspective view in which the workpiece 120b in FIG. 27 is viewed from the B-B plane.
FIG. 30 is a perspective view showing the external appearance of the workpiece 220b.
FIG. 31 is an AA perspective view in which the workpiece 220b in FIG. 30 is viewed from the A-A plane.
FIG. 32 is a BB perspective view in which the workpiece 220b in FIG. 30 is viewed from the B-B plane.
BEST MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Next, a preferred mode for implementing the present invention will be explained by using embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing as an embodiment of the present invention the external appearance of the carrier 20 that has been manufactured by the manufacturing method for an annular member, and FIG. 2 is an AA perspective view in which the carrier 20 in FIG. 1 is viewed from the A-A plane. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the carrier 20 that is manufactured by the manufacturing method of this embodiment is structured by an annular bottom portion 22 that has a hole 23 formed in the center thereof, prong portions 26 that include four prongs that are formed on the outer circumference of the bottom portion 22 substantially perpendicular to the bottom portion 22, and a boss portion 28 that is formed as a hollow shaft on the side of the bottom portion 22 that is opposed to the prong portions 26.
The carrier 20 having such an embodiment is manufactured as follows. FIG. 3 is a step diagram showing a mode by which the carrier 20 of the embodiment is manufactured. The manufacture of the carrier 20 first starts from a step in which the annular base material 20a illustrated in FIG. 4 is prepared (step S100). As shown in FIG. 4, the base material 20a is formed as an annular member that has an inner diameter R1 and outer diameter R2. This base material 20a is manufactured specifically by preparing a rod of a material that can be cold forged (for example, a low carbon steel, a low carbon steel alloy, aluminum, an aluminum alloy, copper, a copper alloy, or the like) (step S110); forming an annular member having a hole in the center thereof by subjecting the prepared rod to hot forging, warm forging, or cold forging (step S120); carrying out a dehardening process on the formed annular member (step S130); carrying out shot blasting in order to eliminate scales on the surface of the annular member (step S140); carrying out C-surface machining (beveling) and width machining in order to shape the profile of the annular member (step S150, S160); and providing a phosphating treatment (step S170). Here, the phosphating treatment is a process that forms a chemical conversion coating (for example, a phosphate coating) on the surface of the annular member in order to minimize the frictional resistance between the process apparatus and the base material 20a when a press process is carried out (described below), and the surface of the formed chemical conversion layer is coated by a metallic soap or the like. Note that because the step in which the base material 20a is prepared is not essential to the present invention, any further detailed explanation thereof will be omitted.
When such a base material 20a has been prepared, next, a workpiece 20b, which is illustrated in FIG. 5 to FIG. 7, is formed by one press process being applied to the prepared annular base material 20a (step S200). FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the external appearance of the workpiece 20b, FIG. 6 is an AA perspective view in which the workpiece 20b in FIG. 5 is viewed from the A-A plane, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the B-B cross-section of the workpiece 20b in FIG. 5. As shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 7, the workpiece 20b includes a circular bottom portion 22b, an outer wall portion 25b, and a boss portion 28b. The circular bottom portion 22b, which has an outer diameter R6, has in the center thereof a hole 23b having a diameter R3 and a substantially cylindrical inner wall portion 24b, which is around the hole 23b, having an inner diameter R3 and an outer diameter R4. The outer wall portion 25b includes prong portions 26b that have an inner diameter R5 and an outer diameter R6 and are formed on the outer circumference of the bottom portion 22b substantially perpendicular to the bottom portion 22b on the same side as the inner wall portion 24b with respect to the bottom portion 22b. The outer wall portion 25b also includes linking portions 27b that are linked to the side surface of the bottom portion 22b and the prong portions 26b, and have an inner diameter R7 that is substantially identical to the outer diameter R6 of the bottom portion 22b and an outer diameter R8. The boss portion 28b is formed as a hollow shaft-shaped cylinder on the side of the bottom portion 22b that is opposed to the outer wall portion 25b and has an inner diameter R9 that is slightly larger than the inner diameter R3 of the inner wall portion 24b and an outer diameter R10 that is smaller than the outer diameter R6 of the bottom portion 22b. Here, the thickness of the pronged portion 26b is formed so as to be thicker (the thickness is large) than the thickness D2 ((R8-R7)/2) of the linking portions 27b. In addition, in the embodiment, the portions that connect the prong portions 26b and the linking portions 27b in the outer wall portion 25b are referred to as connecting portions 29b. The thickness D4 of these connecting portions 29b is formed so as to be thinner than the thickness D1 of the prong portions 26b and the thickness D2 of the linking portions 27b. In the embodiment, the steps by which the workpiece 20b is formed are carried out by using the process apparatus 40 that is illustrated in FIG. 8. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the process apparatus 40, FIG. 9 is an AA perspective view in which the process apparatus 40 in FIG. 8 is viewed from the A-A plane, and FIG. 10 is a BB perspective view in which the process apparatus 40 in FIG. 8 is viewed from the B-B plane. Note that the cross-section of the process apparatus 40 in FIG. 8 corresponds to the C-C cross-section of the process apparatus 40 in FIG. 9 and the D-D cross-section of the process apparatus 40 in FIG. 10. The process apparatus 40 is structured by an upper die 41 that is disposed on the upper portion inside the process apparatus 40 and a lower die 50 that is disposed below and concentric to the upper die 41. The upper die 41 includes, for example, an upper die mandrel 42 and an upper die punch 43 (refer to FIG. 9). The upper die mandrel 42 is disposed at the center bottom portion inside the upper die 41 and is formed in a cylindrical shape having an outer diameter R11 that is smaller than the inner diameter R1 of the base material 20a and substantially identical to the outer diameter R4 of the inner wall portion 24b of the workpiece 20b. The upper die punch 43 is formed as a hollow shaft such that the inner circumferential surface is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the upper die mandrel 42 and the lower end portion of the outer circumferential surface thereof is formed into a shape that alternates between the portions of a circle having an outer diameter R12 that is substantially identical to the inner diameter R5 of the prong portions 26b of the workpiece 20b and the portions of a circle having an outer diameter R13 that is substantially identical to the inner diameter R7 of the linking portions 27b. The lower die 50 includes, for example, a lower die mandrel 51, a lower-die punch 52, a first die 53 (refer to FIG. 10), and a second die 54. The lower die mandrel 51 is disposed on the upper center portion in the lower die 50, the upper end portion thereof is formed as a circle having an outer diameter R14 that is substantially identical to the outer diameter (the inner diameter of the inner wall portion 24b ) R3 of the hole 23b of the workpiece 20b. In addition, the lower die mandrel 51 is formed such that the outer diameter increases stepwise from a position that is a length L1 from the upper end portion downward to the outer diameter R17 that is substantially identical to the inner diameter R9 of the boss portion 28b of the workpiece 20b. The lower die punch 52 is formed as a hollow shaft having an inner diameter R17, and is formed in a cylindrical shape having an outer diameter R18 that is substantially identical to the outer diameter R10 of the boss portion 28b of the workpiece 20b. The lower die punch 52 is for mounting the base material 20a. The first die 53 is formed as a hollow shaft such that the inner circumferential surface thereof is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the lower die punch 52 and the outer circumference thereof is formed into a shape that alternates between the portions of a circle having an outer diameter R15 that is substantially identical to the outer diameter R6 of the bottom portion 22b of the workpiece 20b and the portions of a circle having an outer diameter R16 that is substantially identical to the outer diameter R8 of the linking portions 27b. The second die 54 is formed as a hollow shaft-shaped cylinder such that the inner circumferential surface thereof is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the first die 53. Here, the lower die punch 52 is formed so as to be able to move in a vertical direction. In addition, the first die 53 is disposed such that the upper end portion thereof is at a position that is lower than the upper end portion of the second die 54 by a length L2, and on the outer circumference, the portions that are formed having an outer diameter R15 are opposed to the portions of the upper die punch 43 that are formed having an outer diameter R12, and the portions that are formed having an outer diameter R16 are opposed to the portions of the upper die punch 43 formed having an outer diameter R13.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory drawing for explaining a mode when the workpiece 20b is formed by using the process apparatus 40, and FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the E-E cross-section of the process apparatus 40 in FIG. 11. Here, the cross-section of the process apparatus 40 at the upper right side portion in FIG. 11 corresponds to the F-F cross-section of the process apparatus 40 in FIG. 12. The cross-section of the process apparatus 40 in the lower right side portion in FIG. 11 further enlarges the cross-section of the upper right side portion of the process apparatus 40. When the workpiece 20b is formed from the base material 20a, first the annular base material 20a is mounted on the upper portion of the upper end portion of the lower die punch 52 so as to be concentric to the lower die mandrel 51. Then in this state, the upper die 41 is lowered. At this time, the upper die punch 43 abuts the base material 20a, and it is lowered further while pressing down on the base material 20a and the lower die punch 52. The upper die mandrel 42 stops descending when the lower end portion thereof abuts the upper end portion of the lower die mandrel 51. Then, while the upper end portion of the lower die punch 43 deforms the base material 20a up to a predetermined position that is lower than the upper end portion of the first die 53, the upper die 41 is lowered. At the point in time that the upper die 41 stops descending, the base material 20a has been formed into a shape that is formed by the upper die punch 43, the lower die mandrel 51, the lower die punch 52, the first die 53, and the second die 54, or specifically, the base material layer 20a is formed into the shape of the workpiece 20b shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 7. Here, as described above, the thickness D1 of the prong portions 26b of the outer wall portion 25b of the workpiece 20b is formed so as to have a wall thickness larger than the thickness D2 of the linking portions 27b. Thus, the strength of the base of the prong portions 26b at the bottom portion 22b is ensured, and at the same time, it is possible to suppress breakage of the workpiece 20b due to cracks occurring in the base of the prong portions 26b at the bottom portion 22b during elastic deformation. Furthermore, by forming the thickness D1 of the prong portions 26b so as to have a wall thickness larger than the thickness D2 of the linking portions 27b, in comparison to forming the thickness D1 and the thickness D2 so as to be substantially identical, it is possible to minimize the amount of the base material (material) that flows toward the linking portions 27b side during the press process. As will be described below, because these linking portions 27b are cut off, it is possible to reduce the waste of the material by minimizing the amount of the base material that flows to the linking portions 27b side. In addition, in the case in which the workpiece 20b is formed by using this process apparatus 40, in addition to the outer wall portion 25b formed by the upper die punch 43 and the second die 54 and the boss portion 28b formed by the lower die mandrel 51, the lower die punch 52, and the first die 53, the substantially cylindrical inner wall portion 24b is formed by the lower die mandrel 51 and the upper punch 43. Thus, it is possible to increase the flow directions of the base material 20a during the press process, and it is possible to minimize the pressure that is necessary to form the workpiece 20b from the base material 20a. Thereby, it is possible to form the workpiece 20b from the base material 20a by cold forging. As a result, there is no need to heat the base material 20a as is done in a method that carries out hot forging, and it is possible to shorten the time necessary for cooling. In addition, because the temperature change is small in comparison to a method in which hot forging is carried out, it is possible to carry out the elastic deformation with a higher precision. Note that when forming the workpiece 20b by using the process apparatus 40, the sum of the thickness D3 of the bottom portion 22b of the workpiece 20b and the height L3 of the prong portions 26b (the height of the linking portions 27b ) is formed so as to be smaller than the length L2 between the upper end portion of the first die 53 and the upper end portion of the second die 54.
When the workpiece 20b is formed in this manner, the linking portions 27b are cut off of the formed workpiece 20b to form the pronged annular member 20c that is illustrated in FIG. 13 to FIG. 15 (step 310), and at the same time, the formed pronged annular member 20c is subject to (step S300) a finishing process (step 320 to step 350) to complete thereby the carrier 30 described above. FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the external appearance of the pronged annular member 20c, FIG. 14 is an AA perspective view in which the pronged annular member 20c in FIG. 13 is viewed from the A-A plane, and FIG. 15 is a BB perspective view in which the pronged angular member 20c in FIG. 13 is viewed from the B-B plane. As shown in FIG. 13 to FIG. 15, the pronged annular member 20c includes a circular bottom portion 22, prong portions 26c, and a boss portion 28c. The circular bottom portion 22 has in the center thereof a hole 23c that has an outer diameter R19, which is slightly larger than the outer diameter R4 of the inner wall portion 24b of the workpiece 20b. The prong portions 26c includes 4 prongs having an inner diameter R5 and an outer diameter R6 that are formed on the outer circumference of the bottom portion 22 substantially perpendicular to the bottom portion 22. The boss portion 28c is formed as a hollow shaft-shaped cylinder having an inner diameter R19 and an outer diameter R10 on the side of the bottom portion 22c that is opposed to the prong portions 26c.
In this embodiment, such a pronged annular member 20c is formed by using the shearing apparatus 60. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the shearing apparatus 60, FIG. 17 is an AA perspective view in which the shearing apparatus 60 in FIG. 16 is viewed from the A-A plane, and FIG. 18 is a BB perspective view in which the shearing apparatus 60 in FIG. 16 is viewed from the B-B plane. Note that the cross-section of the shearing apparatus 60 in FIG. 16 corresponds in the C-C cross-section of the shearing apparatus 60 in FIG. 17 and to the D-D cross-section of the shearing apparatus 60 in FIG. 18. As shown in the figures, the shearing apparatus 60 is structured by an upper die 61 that is disposed on the upper portion inside the shearing apparatus 60 and a lower die 65 that is disposed below and concentric to the upper die 61. The upper die 61 is disposed at the center bottom portion of the upper die 61 and the convex inner circumferential surface of the bottom end portion is formed in a circular shape having an inner diameter R20 that is slightly larger than the outer diameter R19 of the hole 23c of the pronged annular member 20c. The upper die 61 includes, for example, an upper die punch 62 (refer to FIG. 17) in which the outer circumference is formed into a shape that alternates between the portions of a circle having an outer diameter R21 that are substantially identical to the inner diameter R5 of the prong portions 26c of the pronged annular member 20c and the portions of a circle having an outer diameter R22 that are substantially identical to the outer diameter R6 of the bottom portion 22c (the inner diameter R7 of the linking portions 27b of the workpiece 20b ). The lower die 65 includes, for example, a mandrel 66, a lower die punch 67, and a die 68. The mandrel 66 is disposed at the upper center portion inside the lower die 65 and is formed in a cylindrical shape having an outer diameter R23 that is substantially identical to the outer diameter R19 of the hole 23c of the pronged annular member 20c. The lower punch 67 has an inner circumferential surface that is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the mandrel 66 and the outer circumference is formed into a shape that alternates between the portions of a circle having an outer diameter R24 that is substantially identical to the outer diameter R6 of the bottom portion 22c of the pronged annular member 20c and the portions of a circle having a diameter R25 which is slightly larger than the outer diameter R24. The upper end portion thereof is formed into a shape that allows the workpiece 20b to be mounted thereon. The die 68 is formed into a hollow shaft-shaped cylinder such that the inner circumferential surface thereof is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the lower die punch 67. Here, the lower side punch 67 is formed so as to be able to move in a vertical direction, and on the outer circumference thereof, is disposed such that the portions that are formed having an outer diameter R24 are opposed to the portions of the upper die punch 62 formed having an outer diameter R21, and the portions that are formed having an outer diameter R25 are opposed to the portions of the upper die punch 62 formed having an outer diameter R22. In addition, the die 68 is provided with an inclined portion in which the outer circumference inclines in a radially outward direction on the upper end portion of the portions that are formed having an inner diameter R25. FIG. 19 is an explanatory drawing showing a mode when the linking portions 27 and the portion that includes the inner wall portion 24 are cut off of the workpiece 20b by using the shearing apparatus 60, and FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view showing the E-E cross-section of an enlarged drawing of the shearing apparatus 60 in FIG. 19. Note that the cross-section of the shearing apparatus 60 in FIG. 19 corresponds to the F-F cross-section in FIG. 20. When the linking portions 27b and the portion that includes the inner wall portion 24b are cut off of the workpiece 20b, first the workpiece 20b is mounted on the upper portion of the upper end portion of the lower side punch 67 so as to be concentric to the mandrel 66 and such that the prong portions 26c of the workpiece 20b are opposed to the portions of the lower die punch 67 formed having an outer diameter R24 and the linking portions 27b are opposed to the portions of the lower die punch 67 formed having an outer diameter R25. Then, in this state, the upper die 61 is lowered. At this time, when the upper die punch 62 abuts the bottom portion 22b of the workpiece 20b, the upper die 61 is further lowered while pressing down on the workpiece 20b and the lower die punch 67. Then, as shown in FIG. 19 and FIG. 20, when the upper die 61 is lowered further, the portions that include the inner wall portion 24b of the workpiece 20b are cut off due to the shearing force by the inside of the lower end portion of the upper die punch 62 and the outside of the upper end portion of the mandrel 66, and the linking portions 27b are cut off due to the shearing force of the portions of the outside of the lower end portion of the upper die punch 62 formed having an outer diameter R22 and the portions of the inside of the upper end portion of the die 67 formed having an outer diameter R25 being applied to the base of the linking portions 27b at the bottom portion 22b and the connecting portions 29b. Specifically, while the workpiece 20b is being pressed downward by the upper die punch 62 in a state in which the bottom portion 22b is abutting the upper die punch 62, the portion that includes the inner wall portion 24b is cut off of the boss portion 28b side of the workpiece 20b, and at the same time, the linking portions 27b are cut off of the boss portion 28b side (the base side of the linking portions 26b at the bottom portion 22b ). By cutting off the linking portions 27b in this manner, it is possible to cut off the linking portions 27b easily. Here, when the linking portions 27b are cut off of the workpiece 20b, as has been described above, the workpiece 20b is formed such that the thickness D1 of the prong portions 26b is more thick than the thickness D2 of the linking portions 27b, and thus the occurrence of cracks in the base of the prong portions 26b at the bottom portion 22b can be suppressed. In addition, because the workpiece 20b is formed such that the thickness D4 of the connecting portions 29b is thin in comparison to the thickness D1 of the prong portions 26b and the thickness D2 of the linking portions 27b, it is possible to reduce the load (pressure) that is necessary to cut the linking portions 27b off of the workpiece 20b in comparison to a method in which the thickness D4 of the connecting portions 29b is substantially identical to the thickness D1 of the prong portions 26b and the thickness D2 of the linking portions 27b. Thus, a pronged annular member 20c is formed that includes a circular bottom portion 22c that has a hole 23c in the center thereof, prong portions 26c that include four prongs that are formed on the outer circumference of the bottom portion 22c substantially perpendicular to the bottom portion 22c, and a boss portion 28c that is formed as a hollow shaft-shaped cylinder on the side of the bottom portion 22c that is opposed to the prong portions 26c.
The finishing process (steps S320 to S350) of the pronged annular member 20c specifically includes a process (step S320), as shown in FIG. 21, in which the prong portions 26c are widened outward (the direction of the arrow in the figure) such that inner diameter of the prong portions 26c of the formed pronged annular member 20c becomes larger; a process (step S330), as shown in FIG. 22, in which trimming of the cross-sections (the side surfaces of the prong portions 26c ) is carried out where the linking portions 27b were cut off when the pronged annular member 20c was formed; a process (step S340) in which metallic soap that has been coated on the surface of the pronged annular member 20c is removed; and a coining process (step S350), as shown in FIG. 23, in which the surface (inclined portion) of the bottom portion 22c of the pronged annular member 20c is smoothed.
In this manner, to simplify the explanation, the manufacturing method for the carrier 20 of the embodiment forms a workpiece 20b by elastic deformation using one press process on a prepared base material 20a, the workpiece being structured by a circular bottom portion 22b having a hole 23b in the center thereof and a skirt-shaped outer wall portion 25b that includes the prong portions 26b on the outer circumference of the bottom portion 22b and the linking portions 27b that link these prong portions 26b. The carrier 20 is completed by removing the linking portions 27b from the formed workpiece 20b. As can be understood from the steps described above, in the steps for completing the carrier 20 from the base material 20a, the elastic deformation is carried out only one time in the press process of step S200, and thus it is not necessary to carry out annealing for subsequent elastic deformation. Specifically, annealing is not necessary in the steps for completing the carrier 20 from the base material 20a. Therefore, the time that is necessary in order to carry out an annealing step and a cooling step after annealing can be reduced, it is possible to reduce the steps for manufacturing the carrier 20 from the base material 20a, and it is possible to reduce the time that is necessary to manufacture the carrier 20 from the base material 20a.
According to the manufacturing method for the carrier 20 in the embodiment described above, a workpiece 20b is formed by one press process carried out on a prepared annular base material 20a, the workpiece being structured by a circular bottom portion 22b that has a hole 23b in the center thereof and a skirt shaped outer wall portion 25b that includes prong portions 26b on the outer circumference of the bottom portion 22b and linking portions 27b that link these prong portions 26b. Because the carrier 20 is completed by removing the linking portions 27b from the formed workpiece 20b, it is not necessary to carry out annealing in the steps for completing the carrier 20 from the base material 20a As a result, it is possible to reduce the steps for completing the carrier 20 from the base material 20a, and it is possible to shorten the time for completing the carrier 20 from the base material 20a. In addition, according to the manufacturing method for the carrier 20 of the embodiment, because the workpiece 20a is formed from a base material 20a by using cold forging, the time that is necessary to heat the base material 20a, cool the formed workpiece 20b, and the like becomes unnecessary. As a result, it is possible to shorten further the time for completing the carrier 20 from the base material 20a.
In the manufacturing method for the carrier 20 of the embodiment, the linking portions 27b and the portion that includes the inner wall portion 24b are cut off simultaneously from the workpiece 20b, but this need not be carried out simultaneously. An example of the manufacturing method for the carrier 20 in this case is shown in FIG. 24. Except for the point that step S400 is carried out instead of step S300 in the manufacturing steps in FIG. 3, the manufacturing method for the carrier 20 in FIG. 24 is identical to the manufacturing method for the carrier 20 in FIG. 3. In the manufacturing method for this carrier 20, the linking portions 27b are cut off of the formed workpiece 20 to form the pronged annular member 20d with an inner wall portion shown in FIG. 25 (step S410), the inner diameter of the prong portions 26d of the formed pronged annular member 20d with the inner wall portion is widened (step S420), trimming of the cross-section (the side surface of the bottom portion 22d ) that was cut off when the pronged annular member 20d with an inner wall portion was formed is carried out (step S425), the trimming of the side surface of the prong portions 26d of the pronged annular member 20d with an inner wall portion is carried out (step S430), the metallic soap that was coated onto the surface of the pronged annular member 20d with an inner wall portion is removed (step S440), the pronged annular member 20c shown in FIG. 13 to FIG. 15 described above is formed by cutting the portion that includes the inner wall portion 24d off from the pronged annular member 20d with an inner wall portion (step S445), coining that adjusts the roughness or evenness of the surface of the bottom portion 22c is carried out (step S450), and the carrier 20 is thereby completed. In this modified example of the manufacturing method for the carrier 20 as well, because the workpiece 20b is formed by one press process being carried out on the prepared annular base material 20a, similar to the manufacturing method for the carrier 20 in the embodiment, it is not necessary to carry out annealing in the steps for completing the carrier 20 from the base material 20a. As a result, it is possible to reduce the steps for manufacturing the carrier 20 from the base material 20a, and it is possible to shorten the time for manufacturing the carrier 20 from the base material 20a. In addition, similar to the manufacturing method for the carrier 20 in the embodiment, because the workpiece 20b is formed from the base material 20a by cold forging, the time that is necessary for heating the base material 20a, and cooling the formed workpiece 20b, and the like becomes unnecessary. As a result, it is possible to further shorten the time for completing the carrier 20 from the base material 20a.
In the manufacturing method for the carrier 20 of the embodiment, the linking portions 27b and the portion that includes the inner wall portion 24b are cut off of the workpiece 20b. However, only the linking portions 27b may be cut off without cutting off the portion that includes the inner wall portion 24b.
In the manufacturing method for the carrier 20 of the embodiment, when the workpiece 20b is formed by one press process, as shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 7 described above, the workpiece 20b is formed such that the inner circumferential surfaces of the inner wall portion 24b and the boss portion 28 are continuously curved surfaces, but the workpiece 20b may be formed such that the inner circumferential surface of the inner wall portion 24b and the boss portion 28b acquire a predetermined form (for example, a spline shape, a serrated shape, or the like). An example of a lower die 50b of the process apparatus 40B that is used when the inner circumferential surface of the inner wall portion 24b is made a spline shape is shown in FIG. 26, and an example of the workpiece 120b that is formed by this process apparatus 40B is shown in FIG. 27 to FIG. 29. In FIG. 26, the lower die mandrel 51b of the lower die 50b of the process apparatus 40B is one in which the shape (the shape of the portion of the lower die mandrel 51 that is used in the formation of the inner wall portion 24b of the workpiece 20b ) from the upper end portion of the lower die mandrel 51 (refer to FIG. 8) described above to a position that is a distance L1 below the upper end portion thereof is modified into a spline shape. Note that, except for the point that the shape of the lower die mandrel 51b is different, the process apparatus 40B is identical to the process apparatus 40 described above. In addition, FIG. 27 is a perspective view of the external appearance of the workpiece 120b of the modified example, FIG. 28 is an AA perspective view in which the workpiece 120b in FIG. 27 is viewed from the A-A plane, and FIG. 29 is a BB perspective view in which the workpiece 120b in FIG. 27 is viewed from the B-B plane. In FIG. 27 to 29, except for the point that the inner circumferential surface of the inner wall portion 124b has a spline shape, the workpiece 120b has a shape that is identical to that of the workpiece 20b in FIG. 5 to FIG. 7, and thus the parts formed with an identical shape are denoted by identical reference numerals. By forming a workpiece 120b using a process apparatus 40B that has such a lower die mandrel 51b, when the inner wall portion 124b is formed by the press process, because the sealed state of the base material 20a on the inner circumference side of the inner wall portion 124b is relaxed, the base material 20a readily flows toward the inner wall portion 124b side, and it is possible to reduce further the load that is necessary when carrying out the press process. Furthermore, by making the inner circumferential surface of the inner wall portion 124b into a spline shape when carrying out one press process in this manner, when it is necessary to make the inner circumferential surface of the inner wall portion 24 into a spline shape while manufacturing the carrier 20, it is not necessary to provide a step in which the inner circumferential surface of the inner wall portion 24b is formed into a spline shape after the press process, and it is possible to shorten further the time for completing the carrier 20 from the base material 20a. In this modified example, the inner circumferential surface of the inner wall portion 124b is made into a spline shape. However, this spline shape is not limiting, and if the sealed condition of the base material 20a on the inner circumference side of the inner wall portion 24b (124b ) is relaxed while the press process is being carried out and the base material 20a is a shape that readily flows toward the inner wall portion 24b side, then, for example, the inner circumferential surface of the inner wall portion 24b may be one that has a concavo-convex shape or the like.
In the manufacturing method for the carrier 20 of the embodiment, the step after the base material 20a has been prepared is carried out by cold forging. However, this is not limiting, and the steps after the base material 20a has been prepared may be carried out by warm forging, hot forging, or the like.
In the manufacturing method for the carrier 20 of the embodiment, annealing is carried out in the step after the base material 20a has been prepared, but annealing does not need to be carried out.
In the manufacturing method for the carrier 20 of the embodiment, the outer wall portion 25b is formed such that the thickness D1 of the prong portions 26b of the workpiece 20b is thicker than the thickness D2 of the linking portions 27b. However, the outer wall portion 25b may be formed such that the thickness D1 of the prong portions 26b is substantially identical to the thickness D2 of the linking portions 27b, and the outer wall portion 25 may be formed such that the thickness D1 of the prong portions 26b is slightly thinner than the thickness D2 of the linking portions 27b.
In the manufacturing method for the carrier 20 of the embodiment, the workpiece 20b is formed such that the thickness D2 of the linking portions 27b along the inner circumference of the linking portions 27b is substantially even. However, the workpiece 20b may be formed such that the thickness of the linking portions 227b becomes larger as the distance from the prong portions 26b becomes larger, that is, becomes larger toward the center of the linking portions 27b along the inner circumference of the linking portions 27b. FIG. 30 is a perspective view of the external appearance of the workpiece 220b that is formed in this case, FIG. 31 is an AA perspective view in which the workpiece 220b in FIG. 30 is viewed from the A-A plane, and FIG. 32 is a BB perspective view in which the workpiece 220b in FIG. 30 is viewed from the B-B plane. In FIG. 31, “D21” denotes a thickness that corresponds to the thickness D2 ((R8-R7)/2) of the linking portions 27b of the workpiece 20b of the embodiment, and “D22” denotes a thickness that is thicker than the thickness D21. In FIG. 30 to FIG. 32, except for the point that the shape (thickness) of the linking portions 227b and the shape of the end portion of the inner wall portion 224b are different, the workpiece 220b is formed having a shape that is identical to that of the workpiece 20b in FIG. 5 to FIG. 7, and thus, identical reference numerals denote portions that have an identical shape. Here, the case in which the workpiece 20b and the workpiece 220b are formed by the press process will be considered. In this case, as shown in FIG. 11 described above, in the embodiment, the outer wall portion 25b, which includes the prong portions 26b and the linking portions 227b, is formed by the upper die punch 43 and the second die 54, the boss portion 28b is formed by the lower die mandrel 51, the lower die punch 52, and the first die 53, and the inner wall portion 24b is formed by the lower die mandrel 51 and the upper die punch 43. At this time, because the lower die punch 52 is disposed on the end portion (the lower end portion of the boss portion 28b in FIG. 7) of the boss portion 28b, the elongation of the boss portion 28b toward the end portion side thereof due to the lower die punch 52 is limited, and the length from the bottom portion 22b to the end portion of the boss portion 28b is substantially constant along the circumference of the boss portion 28b. However, the end portion (the upper end portion of the inner wall portion 24b in FIG. 7) of the inner wall portion 24b becomes free, and the elongation of the inner wall portion 24b toward the end portion side is not limited. Additionally, because the base material 20a flows readily, the length from the bottom portion 22b to the end portion of the inner wall portion 24b is not constant along the circumference of the inner wall portion 24b, and thus the end portion of the inner wall portion 24b may be formed into in an irregular wavy shape. Generally, the base material 20a flows toward the inner wall portion 24b more readily as the thickness of the outer wall portion 25b increases. In other words, as in the embodiment, the base material 20a flows more readily in the inner wall portion 28 at a position that is opposed to the prong portions 26b than at a position opposed to the linking portions 27b, when the thickness D1 of the prong portions 26a is thicker than the thickness D2 of the linking portions 27b and the thickness of the prong portions 26b and the linking portions 27b is substantially constant along the outer circumference of the bottom portion 22b. Therefore, in the inner wall portion 24b, the length from the bottom portion 22b at a position that is opposed to the prong portions 26b to the end portions readily becomes longer than the length from the bottom portion 22b at a position that is opposed to the linking portions 27b to the end portion. As a result, the end portion of the inner wall portion 24b readily acquires an irregular wavy shape. In particular, in the inner wall portion 24b, at a position that is opposed to the approximate center of the linking portions 27b along the inner circumference (the outer circumference of the bottom portion 22b ) of the linking portions 27b, the distance from the prong portions 26b becomes larger, and therefore the base material 20a flows with more difficulty. As a result, the length from the bottom portion 22b to the end portion of the inner wall portion 24b readily becomes short. In contrast, as shown in FIGS. 30 to 32, in the inner wall portion 224b, variations in the ease of the flow of the base material 20b due to the base material 20a readily flowing at positions that are opposed to the linking portions 227b are suppressed if the linking portions 227b are formed such that the distance from the prong portions 22b is larger, that is, the thickness from the thickness D21 to the thickness D22 becomes larger from the end portion side toward the center of the linking portions 227b along the inner circumference of the linking portions 227b, or in other words, if the press process is carried out by using a process apparatus (not illustrated) having a second die (not illustrated) formed so that such linking portions 227b are formed instead of the second die 54 of the process apparatus 40. Thereby, it is possible to suppress significant variations in the length from the bottom portion 22b to the end portion of the inner wall portion 224b along the circumference of the inner wall portion 224b, and it is possible to suppress the end portion of the inner wall portion 224b from acquiring an irregular wavy shape. In this modified example, it is possible to suppress the end portion of the inner wall portion 224b from acquiring an irregular wavy shape by forming the linking portions 227b such that the thickness from the thickness D21 to the thickness D22 becomes larger from the end portion side toward the center of the linking portions 227b along the inner circumference of the linking portions 227b. However, this is not limiting, and the length from the bottom portion 22b to the end portion of the inner wall portion 24b (224b ) may be adjusted by varying the thickness of the linking portions 27b (227b ) according to the distance from the prong portions 26b.
In the manufacturing method for the carrier 20 of the embodiment, when the workpiece 20b is formed by using the process apparatus 40, the length from the bottom portion 22b to the end portion of the boss portion 28b is limited by using the lower die punch 52. However, instead of or in addition to this, the length from the bottom portion 22b to the end portion of the inner wall portion 24b may be limited by using a member that limits the elongation of the inner wall portion 24b toward the end portion. In addition, the workpiece 20b may be one in which neither the length from the bottom portion 22b to the end portion of the boss portion 28b nor the length from the bottom portion 22b to the end portion inner wall portion 24b are limited. Below, the case will be explained in which, a member that limits the elongation of the inner wall portion 24b toward the end portion side is used instead of the lower die punch 52. In this case, contrary to the case in which the base material 20a is elongated at the end portion side of the inner wall portion 24b, the base material 20a flows more readily toward the boss portion 28b as the thickness of the outer wall portion 25b decreases. That is, in the inner wall portion 28b, the base material 20a flows more readily to positions that are opposed to the linking portions 27b than positions that are opposed to the prong portions 26b when, similar to the embodiment, the thickness D1 of the prong portions 26b is thicker than the thickness D2 of the linking portions 27b and the thickness of the prong portions 26b and the linking portions 27b is substantially constant along the outer circumference of the bottom portion 22b. Therefore, the end portion of the boss portion 28b readily forms an irregular wavy shape. In particular, at a position that is opposed to the approximate center of the linking portions 27b along the inner circumference of the linking portions 27b, because the distance from the prong portions 26b is large and the base material 20a flows readily, the distance from the bottom portion 22b to the end portion of the boss portion 28b readily becomes long. In contrast, similar to the content shown in FIG. 30 to FIG. 32, variations in the ease of the flow of the base material 20b due to the base material 20a flowing with difficulty at positions that are opposed to the linking portions 227b in the boss portion 28b are suppressed if the linking portions 227b are formed such that as the distance from the prong portions 22b increases, that is, as the thickness from the thickness D21 to the thickness D22 increases from the end portion side toward the center of the linking portions 227b along the inner circumference of the linking portions 227b, or in other words, if the press process is carried out by using a process apparatus (not illustrated) having a second die (not illustrated) formed so that such linking portions 227b are formed instead of the second die 54 of the process apparatus 40. Thereby, it is possible to suppress significant variations in the length from the bottom portion 22b to the end portion of the boss portion 28b along the circumference of the boss portion 28b, and it is possible to suppress the end portion of the boss portion 28b from acquiring an irregular wavy shape. In this modified example, it is possible to suppress the end portion of the boss portion 28b from acquiring an irregular wavy shape by forming the linking portions 227b such that the thickness from the thickness D21 to the thickness D22 increases from the end portion side toward the center of the linking portions 227b along the inner circumference of the linking portions 227b. However, this is not limiting, and the length from the bottom portion 22b to the end portion of the boss portion 28b may be adjusted by varying the thickness of the linking portions 227b according to the distance from the prong portions 26b.
In the manufacturing method for the carrier 20 in the embodiment, the outer wall portion 25b is formed such that the outer diameter R6 of the prong portions 26b and the inner diameter R7 of the linking portions 27b of the workpiece 20b are substantially identical, but the outer wall portion 25b may be formed such that one among the outer diameter R6 of the prong portions 26b and the inner diameter R7 of the linking portions 27b is slightly larger than the other.
In the manufacturing method for the carrier 20 of the embodiment, a workpiece 20b was formed that includes a circular bottom portion 22b having a hole 23b in the center thereof and an inner wall portion 24b around the hole 23b, but the bottom portion 22b may be formed without the inner wall portion 24b around the hole 23b.
In the manufacturing method for the carrier 20 of the embodiment, the linking portions 27b are removed from the workpiece 20b by applying a force in a direction from the base side of the linking portions 27b of the workpiece 20b at the bottom portion 22b toward the linking portions 27b, but the linking portions 27b may be removed from the workpiece 20b by another method, such as applying a force in a direction from the inside of the linking portions 27b (the inside of the outer wall portion 25b ) toward the outside. In this case, the outer wall portion 25b may be formed such that the outer diameter R8 of the linking portions 27b is substantially identical to the outer diameter R6 of the prong portions 26b.
In the manufacturing method for the carrier 20 of the embodiment, after forming the pronged annular member 20c by cutting the linking portions 27b off of the workpiece 20b, the inner diameter of the prong portions 26b of the pronged annular member 20c is widened, trimming of the side surface of the prong portions 26c is carried out, the metallic soap that has been coated onto the surface is removed, and coining is carried out to adjust the roughness or evenness of the surface of the bottom portion 22c. However, among these steps, one or a plurality of the steps may be omitted.
In the manufacturing method for the carrier 20 of the embodiment, the carrier 20 includes a circular bottom portion 22 having a hole 23 formed in the center thereof, prong portions 26 that include four prongs that are formed on the circumference of the bottom portion 22 substantially perpendicular to the bottom portion 22, and a boss portion 28 that is formed as a hollow shaft-shaped cylinder on the side of the bottom portion 22 that is opposed to the prong portions 26. However, the boss portion 28 may be omitted.
In the embodiment, a manufacturing method for a carrier 20 for a planetary gear mechanism was explained. However, the embodiment is not limited to the case in which a carrier 20 for a planetary gear mechanism is manufactured, and may be applied to a manufacturing method for any type of pronged annular member if the pronged annular member has an annular-shaped annular member and at least one prong formed substantially perpendicular on the outer circumference of this annular-shaped annular member.
Above, the embodiment of a preferred mode for implementing the present invention was explained. However, the present invention is not limited in any manner by such embodiments, and of course various modifications are possible that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
The present invention can be used in industries that manufacture pronged annular members such as the carrier for a planetary gear mechanism.
Patent Application
20070051156
