1. Fields of the Invention: Siphons, pipelines, river flows, eddies, gravity, parking structures, water slides, water troughs, skiffs, boats, and docks.
2. Description of Related Art including information disclosed under 37 CFR 1.97 and 1.98: There is no related prior art that includes all the limitations of the claimed invention.
A thirty-story parking structure (see T in
Such a mass transit system will be almost pollution-free, use gravity as its main moving force, and will be much faster—and less tense—than present commuting through bottleneck traffic. The environmental air quality will be greatly improved in all cities or towns that implement this apparatus. Commuters will cut their commuting times in half while their use of fossil fuels—such as gas and fuel oil—will be greatly decreased. The water slides will cause less noise than the cars and trucks on freeways. There will be fewer car and truck engines to make noise, too. Eventually, fewer freeways and roads will be needed—or, at least, the existing freeways and roads will be more efficient because there will be fewer vehicles using them.
These same principles and concepts can be adapted to many other city town traffic bottlenecks throughout the United States and the world. On the Vancouver side of the Columbia River—maybe slightly north of the Vancouver downtown area—a thirty-story parking garage (T in
The skiffs will ride on jets of water created by bumps in the bottom and sides of the water troughs that push the bottom of the skiff away from the sides of the trough and push up from the bottom of the trough so that there will be only friction with water between the trough and the skiff (see
The oblong-shaped water trough underneath the water of the wider water trough will act like a Jacuzzi jet of water in a hot tub. The water in the oblong-shaped water trough will move very quickly, but the water above that trough will be slower moving—as is the case with the still water at the top of a hot tub that is undisturbed by the Jacuzzi jets below the surface.
When the commuter in the skiff (or the skiff's computer) wants to slow to a stop, the commuter can raise the centerboard and remove the baffle from the fast lane of water, and then turn the rudder so that the skiff changes into the slower lane of water, and eventually, steer into an eddy of still water and dock (see
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There will be a slower-moving lane of water do the side of each fast moving water trough, and then walkway on the other side of each slower moving water trough (see
Empty skiffs which have arrived at the lower levels of the parking structure will be placed on a conveyor belt or elevator so that they will be delivered to the top of the building (see DD in
The fast-flowing water will also be slowed by the creation of an eddy around each third-story, or so, of each building where skiff docks are provided (see
Once commuters have disembarked from their skiff at a first building (see EE in
After riders have disembarked from their skiffs, their skiff will continue going downstream to the lower floors of another parking garage in downtown Portland, where the skiffs will enter, and be placed upon, a conveyor belt/elevator that will take the empty skiffs to the 30th floor so that commuters that wish to return to Vancouver can embark on them to ride another trough of water that goes over the freeways and bridges back to the low floors of the parking structure where they originally parked in Vancouver (see T in
After the arriving skiffs are removed from the stream of water, the water trough will continue down to the Willamette River, or into a pipe to the Willamette River, where the water trough will empty into the river (G in
Each top floor will have ten embarking points for commuters to get into one fast-water trough so that many commuters can fill any one of the troughs with commuters. With this feature, the quickly-travelling skiffs in any trough will be no more than a meter apart and there will not be wasted space in the trough between skiffs, which will be an improvement over freeways where cars have to leave space between their car and the car in front of them so that, if the car in front of them slows or stops, they have the time and space to safely stop; this mass transit transportation system assumes that all skiffs will be travelling the same speed in the trough of fast-moving water, and that the skiff in front will never stop or slow until that skiff raises its baffle out of the fast-moving water stream and steers to the side into a slow-moving lane or an eddy.
It should be noted that this mass transportation system transports commuters back and forth from Vancouver to Portland without using any gasoline, and without releasing carbon emissions into the air. The pollution-free forces of gravity and flowing water are almost the only energy sources for this mass transportation system. If more speed is desired at any one section of water trough, auxiliary pumps can be provided to make the water flow faster, but, in general the force of gravity will be sufficient to create the desired speed of the water in the water trough.
The thirty-story parking structures will have, in one embodiment, a round shape and the cars will drive on a one-way, two-lane, circular road (with many adjacent parking spaces) up a gradually-increasing spiral to the 29th floor. Parking spaces will be on the inside of the two-lane road. The lane that is farthest inside can be used to slow down to approach a parking spot on the inner edge of the building, as well as to allow for cars to back out of parking spots, while the lane that is farthest outside can be used for faster traffic to continue up the parking structure to find an open parking space. The parking structures will have a footprint on the ground that is sufficient in size to support the expected number of parking spaces. If the number of parking spaces is insufficient, a second parking structure will be built until the number of parking spaces is sufficient for the demand.
There will be the preferred embodiment, another one-way, two-lane, circular road that goes down from the 29th floor to the street-level floor, with parking spaces on the inside and a road lane in which, to slow down to enter the parking spaces and to back parked cars from the parking spaces so that they can get into the fast lane and drive down the lane to the exit, of the building.
Each of the two spiral one-way, two-lane roads will have parking spaces on the inside of the inner lane, where cars can park, and their occupants can walk to the elevators at the center of the building.
In addition, the area around the elevators, in the center of the parking structure, will be filled with bathrooms and shops such as grocery stores, restaurants, sporting good shops, banks, hospitals, emergency room, hardware stores, bars and taverns, etc., so that all the vendors in downtown Vancouver can make sales to the many commuters that will be parking in the parking garage. The businesses in downtown Vancouver will have the first opportunity to move their businesses to the parking structure. Also, they will experience increased business in their downtown location because there will be less traffic for their customers to travel downtown, and more parking for their customers when they get to the downtown businesses. Essentially, the thirty-story parking structure will become a vertical shopping and recreation center.
The sudden drop of the skiffs they ride the trough of mater, from the 30th floor of the parking structure, will also be an amusement park ride for these that want to experience thrills; however, more gradual slopes of water might be provided for those that are fearful of the sudden drop.
The envisioned water trough will be unlike present freeways because there will be no stopped or slow in the fast lanes—and no need to apply brakes—and no slowing for lane changes. There will be no oncoming traffic, and no head-on collisions because all the skiffs and all the water in any trough will be going only one way. There will be no stoplights or stop signs. The skiffs will be above bridges like the Interstate Bridge so that they will not have to stop when the bridge lifts to let ships and boats have the right of way. The speed of the traveling skiffs could approach terminal velocity of 122 miles per hour. If skiffs are going 122 miles per hour in a clear plastic water trough, over freeways that are at a standstill, the commuters on the freeways will see the fast-moving skiffs and become jealous. They will then want to switch to the skiffs and get to their destination much faster than commuting in their car or truck. At 120 MPH, a ten-mile ride will take five minutes. At 60 MPH, a ten-mile ride will take ten minutes.
All water troughs will have a system of cameras and motion-detectors that will be monitored so that, if one section of a trough is suddenly broken, the water feeding the trough can be immediately turned off so that skiffs in the trough will come to a stop before going off the edge of the broken section of trough. In addition, each trough will have one or two safety nets or structures that will catch any skiffs that fall off the edge of a broken section. All water troughs and arches will also have beacon lights so that airplanes can avoid them.
The water troughs will be suspended from tall arch structures that will rise above bridges and freeways. Each arch structure will be an apartment house complex capable of comfortably housing low-income to high-income residents, and will have an appropriate utilidore to provide heat, electricity, water, sewage, garbage, and TV cables or wifi connections. Each arch will have an elevator and stairways. The arches will be connected by handicap-accessible walkways with separate paths for one-way bicycle traffic.
In most cities, no more lanes can be added to existing bottleneck freeways, roads, and bridges over water. However, light-weight water troughs can be built in the free and open space that is about twenty feet above these bottleneck freeways and bridges. Instead of pouring the tons of concrete needed for another freeway lane that can support 50-ton trucks and cars, it will be tar less expensive to utilize the open space above roads, freeways and bridges to construct a much-lighter—probably made with a light plastic material—water slide capable of supporting people in light-weight skiffs or small boats on a light-weight stream of fast-moving water. The existing roads, streets, freeways and bridges can continue to be the pathways for heavy vehicles with heavy motors, frames, tires, and trailers. Much-lighter skiffs can do the transporting of the much smaller weight of commuters and their hand-carried briefcases and bags. The energy-saving and pollution-decreasing advantages of this water trough mass transportation system arise from the replacement of single commuters in heavy cars, burning fossil fuels and releasing toxic exhaust, with a light-weight pollution-free skiff or small boat that carries that single commuter—or several more companion commuters—without burning any fossil fuel or polluting the air with exhaust.
In contrast to other mass transit methods—such as busses or trains—there will be no need for a skiff driver. The driverless skiffs will be restricted to the path of the trough and be continually and instantly ready to leave the parking structure because there will be a constant supply of skiffs or small boats that will be circulating through the fast trough of water from, in one embodiment, Vancouver, Wash., to Portland, Oreg., and back to Vancouver, Wash. There will be no need for a schedule of departure times and arrival times because the skiffs or small boats will be constantly arriving and departing. Hence commuters will not have to check for departure times and schedule their trips in order to catch a certain train or bus at a certain time; the commuters will be able to arrive at any time and quickly embark on a skiff to begin their trip.
To get the stream of water to the top of the thirty-story parking garage, David Stauffer's RIVER BOTTOM SIPHON FOR HYDRO-ELECTRIC GENERATION AND IRRIGATION, patent application Ser. No. 13/734,978, can supply an almost free stream of water to the top floor, without pumping, so that a water trough for a water-slide-type public mass transportation system could waterfall off the top of the parking structure and support small boats or skiffs that will travel down the water slide, over the tops of bridges, freeways and roads to downtown locations miles away. Inventor Stauffer's RIVER BOTTOM SIPHON will start many kilometers upstream where the water is higher than the thirty-story parking garage and flow through a pipe on the bottom of the river to the top of the parking garage. Such a transportation system could transport 5,000 to 10,000 commuters each day so that there will be 4,000 to 8,000 fewer cars caught in the daily bottlenecks of traffic. When there are 4,000 to 8,000 fewer cars caught in the daily bottlenecks of traffic, air pollution from ear and truck exhausts will be greatly reduced and the cars and trucks that continued to use existing roads and freeways will be going faster so that they will not be braking, and then accelerating, in stop and go traffic, or be creeping along, or sitting still in traffic—and burning gas while idling.
When there are 4,000 to 8,000 fewer cars travelling into downtown areas, there will be no need for several thousand parking spaces in the downtown area, and commuters that do not need to park their cars in downtown areas will save the cost of parking fees, as well as the gas that they formerly bought to power their cars and trucks when they were using cars and trucks to commute. They will also save money on maintenance fees for cars and trucks that they will no longer use to commute. Tires will last longer—as well as oil changes, transmission repairs,brake pads, and lube jobs.
Virtually all large cities and towns have rush-hour traffic bottlenecks. Portland, Oreg., has rush-hour traffic bottleneck both the morning and the evening on the I-5 freeway and the I-205 freeway going between Vancouver Wash., and Portland, Oreg.
Virtually all downtown city streets have slow-moving traffic due to the congestion of cars and the need to have stop signs and traffic lights that completely stop the cars caught in the congestion. Virtually all downtown cities, however, have downtown buildings that are three stories high, or taller, and there is an abundance of open space three stories above the city street surfaces that could be used for a system of light-weight water troughs with docks on about the third stories of those high downtown buildings.