Patent Application
20150377846
This application claims priority under 35 USC 119 from Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-131769 and No. 2015-122201, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.
All publications, patent applications, and technical standards mentioned in this specification are herein incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each individual publication, patent application, or technical standard was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference.
1. Technical Field
The present invention relates to a measurement method and a measurement apparatus which measure various kinds of hemoglobin variants, and an eluent used in measuring various kinds of hemoglobin variants.
2. Related Art
Hemoglobin variants, among them, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc) of glycated protein in which hemoglobin is bound to glucose reflects the average blood glucose level over the past one to two months and thus is widely used for the inspection, glycemic control and the like of lifestyle-related diseases including diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Hence, a method of measuring a hemoglobin variant such as HbAl c easily and with high accuracy is desired.
Examples of the method of measuring HbAlc include a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method, an immunoassay method, an enzymatic method and an electrophoresis method. Among these, the HPLC method has been often adopted in the field of clinical laboratory test as a standard measurement method of HbAl c.
Various methods are mentioned as the method of separating and measuring hemoglobin variants using the HPLC method. For example, a method of analyzing hemoglobin variants is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open (JP-A) No. H05-281222 in which a liquid containing S-(carboxyalkyl)-L-cysteine and a phosphoric acid-based buffer substance is supplied to a separation column in the method of analyzing hemoglobin variants in a sample by supplying a phosphoric acid-based buffer solution as the eluent to the separation column having a carboxyl group or a carboxyalkyl group as an ion exchange group. According to the technique of JP-A No. H05-281222, it is regarded that the hemoglobin variants such as HbA1c, HbF, and HbA0 can be separated.
In addition, a method of measuring hemoglobin variants is disclosed in JP-A No. 2009-236768 in which a buffer solution containing a polysaccharide is used as a buffer solution. According to the technique of JP-A No. 2009-236768, it is regarded that abnormal hemoglobin (HbS, HbC) can be measured and separated from HbAlc, HbF, and HbA2. Furthermore, in Patent Document 2, high-performance liquid chromatography is adopted as the principle and a gradient method is used in which the measurement apparatus used for measuring the abnormal hemoglobin has two supply pumps to supply the eluent to a column, one supply pump is connected to a tank containing one eluent, and the eluent is supplied to the column while changing the mixing ratio of two kinds of eluents.
It is not possible to achieve the separation of hemoglobin variants other than HbA1c, HbF, and HbA0 in the technique of JP-A No. H05-281222, and the separation of hemoglobin variants other than HbA1c, HbF, and HbA2 is limited to HbS and HbC in the technique of JP-A No. 2009-236768. Hence, other than the prior arts described above, a measurement method and a measurement apparatus for measuring various kinds of hemoglobin variants with high accuracy, and an eluent used in measuring various kinds of hemoglobin variants with high accuracy are desired.
Specific means for achieving the above object are as follows.
<1> An aspect of the invention is a method of measuring at least one kind of hemoglobin, selected from abnormal hemoglobin, or hemoglobin that is a marker for thalassemia, the method including: performing high-performance liquid chromatography, using: an eluent L that contains a phosphoric acid monohydrogen dialkali metal salt (component 1) and a phosphoric acid dihydrogen monoalkali metal salt (component 2) as components, and that has a content of component 1 of from 0.08% by mass to 0.50% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent L, a content of component 2 of from 0.04% by mass to 1.2% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent L, and a ratio of component 2/component 1 of from 0.4 to 10.
<2> An aspect of the invention is a method of measuring at least one kind of hemoglobin, selected from abnormal hemoglobin, or hemoglobin that is a marker for thalassemia, the method including: performing high-performance liquid chromatography, using: an eluent O that contains a phosphoric acid monohydrogen dialkali metal salt (component 1) and a phosphoric acid dihydrogen monoalkali metal salt (component 2) as components, and that has a content of component 1 of less than 0.07% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent O, a content of component 2 of from more than 1.4% by mass to 2.0% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent O, and a ratio of component 2/component 1 of more than 20.
<3> An aspect of the invention is a method of measuring at least one kind of hemoglobin, selected from abnormal hemoglobin, or hemoglobin that is a marker for thalassemia, the method including: performing high-performance liquid chromatography, using: an eluent M that contains a phosphoric acid monohydrogen dialkali metal salt (component 1) and a phosphoric acid dihydrogen monoalkali metal salt (component 2) as components, and that has a content of component 1 of from 0.40% by mass to less than 1.04% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent M, a content of component 2 of from more than 0.26% by mass to 0.88% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent M, and a ratio of component 2/component 1 of from more than 0.25 to 2.2.
<4> An aspect of the invention is a method of measuring at least one kind of hemoglobin, selected from abnormal hemoglobin, or hemoglobin that is a marker for thalassemia, the method including: performing high-performance liquid chromatography, using: at least two eluents selected from the group consisting of: an eluent L that contains a phosphoric acid monohydrogen dialkali metal salt (component 1) and a phosphoric acid dihydrogen monoalkali metal salt (component 2) as components and that has a content of component 1 of from 0.08% by mass to 0.50% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent L, a content of component 2 of from 0.04% by mass to 1.2% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent L, and a ratio of component 2/component 1 of from 0.4 to 10; an eluent O that has a content of component 1 of less than 0.07% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent O, a content of component 2 of from more than 1.4% by mass to 2.0% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent O, and a ratio of component 2/component 1 of more than 20; and an eluent M that has a content of component 1 of from 0.40% by mass to less than 1.04% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent M, a content of component 2 of from more than 0.26% by mass to 0.88% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent M, and a ratio of component 2/component 1 of from more than 0.25 to 2.2.
<5> An aspect of the invention is the measurement method according to <4>, in which the at least two eluents are used in accordance with any one of the following (I) to (III):
(I) the at least two eluents selected from the group consisting of the eluent L, the eluent O, and the eluent M are used successively without mixing;
(II) at least one mixed liquid prepared by mixing the at least two eluents selected from the group consisting of the eluent L, the eluent O, and the eluent M, is used; or
(III) at least one eluent selected from the group consisting of the eluent L, the eluent O, and the eluent M, and at least one mixed liquid prepared by mixing the at least two eluents selected from the group consisting of the eluent L, the eluent O, and the eluent M, are used successively.
<6> An aspect of the invention is the measurement method according to <4> or <5>, in which at least one mixed liquid prepared by mixing at least one of the eluent O or the eluent M with the eluent L is used.
<7> An aspect of the invention is the measurement method according to any one of <4> to <6>, in which the eluent L, a mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent L and the eluent O, and a mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent M and the eluent L are used.
<8> An aspect of the invention is the measurement method according to <7>, in which at least one hemoglobin variant of HbBart's, HbH, HbF, HbA1c, HbA0, HbA2, HbE, HbD, HbS, HbC, or HbConstantSpring is measured.
<9> An aspect of the invention is the measurement method according to any one of <1> and <4> to <8>, in which an osmotic pressure of the eluent L is from 35 mOsm to 200 mOsm.
<10> An aspect of the invention is the measurement method according to any one of <2> and <4> to <8>, in which an osmotic pressure of the eluent O is from 170 mOsm to 290 mOsm.
<11> An aspect of the invention is the measurement method according to any one of <3> to <8>, in which in which an osmotic pressure of the eluent M is from 160 mOsm to 210 mOsm.
<12> An aspect of the invention is the measurement method according to any one of <5> to <8>, in which a mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent L and the eluent O is used, and a mixing ratio of eluent L:eluent O is from 1:2 to 1:4.
<13> An aspect of the invention is the measurement method according to any one of <5> to <8>, in which a mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent M and the eluent L is used, and a mixing ratio of eluent M:eluent L is from 1:2 to 1:4.
<14> An aspect of the invention is the measurement method according to any one of <1> to <13>, further including using an eluent A that has a pH of from 5.30 to 5.40 and an osmotic pressure of from 204 mOsm to 210 mOsm.
<15> An aspect of the invention is the measurement method according to any one of <1> to <14>, further including using an eluent B that has a pH of from 7.85 to 8.25 and an osmotic pressure of from 350 mOsm to 600 mOsm.
<16> An aspect of the invention is the measurement method according to any one of <1> to <13>, further including using a mixed liquid prepared by mixing an eluent B that has a pH of from 7.85 to 8.25 and an osmotic pressure of from 350 mOsm to 600 mOsm and an eluent A that has a pH of from 5.30 to 5.40 and an osmotic pressure of from 204 mOsm to 210 mOsm at a mixing ratio of eluent B:eluent A of from 1:2 to 1:4.
<17> An aspect of the invention is the measurement method according to <16>, in which at least one hemoglobin variant of HbBart's, HbH, HbF, HbA1c, HbA0, HbA2, HbE, HbD, HbS, HbC, or HbConstantSpring is measured.
<18> An aspect of the invention is a measurement apparatus for measuring a hemoglobin variant by high-performance liquid chromatography, the measurement apparatus including:
a supply pump to supply, singly or in combination, one or more eluents selected from the group consisting of an eluent L that contains a phosphoric acid monohydrogen dialkali metal salt (component 1) and a phosphoric acid dihydrogen monoalkali metal salt (component 2) as components and that has a content of component 1 of from 0.08% by mass to 0.50% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent L, a content of component 2 of from 0.04% by mass to 1.2% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent L, and a ratio of component 2/component 1 of from 0.4 to 10, an eluent O that has a content of component 1 of less than 0.07% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent O, a content of component 2 of from more than 1.4% by mass to 2.0% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent O, and a ratio of component 2/component 1 of more than 20, and an eluent M that has a content of component 1 of from 0.40% by mass to less than 1.04% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent M, a content of component 2 of from more than 0.26% by mass to 0.88% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent M, and a ratio of component 2/component 1 of from more than 0.25 to 2.2; and
a separation column which is connected to the supply pump and to which the eluent is supplied.
<19> An aspect of the invention is the measurement apparatus according to <18>, in which the supply pump supplies eluents in accordance with any one of the following (I) to (III):
(I) at least one eluent selected from the group consisting of the eluent L, the eluent O, and the eluent M is supplied, or at least two eluents selected from the group consisting of the eluent L, the eluent O, and the eluent M are supplied successively without mixing;
(II) at least one mixed liquid prepared by mixing the at least two eluents selected from the group consisting of the eluent L, the eluent O, and the eluent M, is supplied; and
(III) at least one eluent selected from the group consisting of the eluent L, the eluent O, and the eluent M, and at least one mixed liquid prepared by mixing the at least two eluents selected from the group consisting of the eluent L, the eluent O, and the eluent M, are supplied successively.
<20> An aspect of the invention is the measurement apparatus according to <18> or <19>, in which, as the eluent, at least one of an eluent A that has a pH of from 5.30 to 5.40 and an osmotic pressure of from 204 mOsm to 210 mOsm or an eluent B that has a pH of from 7.85 to 8.25 and an osmotic pressure of from 350 mOsm to 600 mOsm, is further supplied, or a mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent A and the eluent B is further supplied.
<21> An aspect of the invention is the measurement apparatus according to any one of <18> to <20>, in which the apparatus has a single supply pump.
<22> An aspect of the invention is an eluent (eluent L) for measuring at least one kind of hemoglobin selected from abnormal hemoglobin or hemoglobin that is a marker for thalassemia by high-performance liquid chromatography, the eluent including:
a phosphoric acid monohydrogen dialkali metal salt (component 1); and
a phosphoric acid dihydrogen monoalkali metal salt (component 2), in which
a content of component 1 is from 0.08% by mass to 0.50% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent L,
a content of component 2 is from 0.04% by mass to 1.2% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent L, and
a ratio of component 2/component 1 is from 0.4 to 10.
<23> An aspect of the invention is an eluent (eluent O) for measuring at least one kind of hemoglobin selected from abnormal hemoglobin or hemoglobin that is a marker for thalassemia by high-performance liquid chromatography, the eluent including:
a phosphoric acid monohydrogen dialkali metal salt (component 1); and
a phosphoric acid dihydrogen monoalkali metal salt (component 2), in which
a content of component 1 is less than 0.07% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent O,
a content of component 2 is from more than 1.4% by mass to 2.0% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent O, and
a ratio of component 2/component 1 is more than 20.
<24> An aspect of the invention is an eluent (eluent M) for measuring at least one kind of hemoglobin selected from abnormal hemoglobin or hemoglobin that is a marker for thalassemia by high-performance liquid chromatography, the eluent including:
a phosphoric acid monohydrogen dialkali metal salt (component 1); and
a phosphoric acid dihydrogen monoalkali metal salt (component 2), in which a content of component 1 is from 0.40% by mass to less than 1.04% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent M,
a content of component 2 is from more than 0.26% by mass to 0.88% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent M, and
a ratio of component 2/component 1 is from more than 0.25 to 2.2.
<25> An aspect of the invention is the eluent according to any one of <22> to <24>, in which at least one hemoglobin variant of HbBart's, HbH, HbF, HbA1c, HbA0, HbA2, HbE, HbD, HbS, HbC, or HbConstantSpring is measured.
<26> An aspect of the invention is the eluent according to <22>, in which an osmotic pressure of the eluent L is from 35 mOsm to 200 mOsm.
<27> An aspect of the invention is the eluent according to <23>, in which an osmotic pressure of the eluent O is from 170 mOsm to 290 mOsm.
<28> An aspect of the invention is the eluent according to <24>, in which an osmotic pressure of the eluent M is from 160 mOsm to 210 mOsm.
<29> An aspect of the invention is the eluent according to any one of <22> to <28>, in which at least one hemoglobin variant of HbBart's, HbH, HbF, HbA1c, HbA0, HbA2, HbE, HbD, HbS, HbC, or HbConstantSpring is measured.
<30> An aspect of the invention is a combination of eluents for measuring at least one kind of hemoglobin selected from abnormal hemoglobin or hemoglobin that is a marker for thalassemia by high-performance liquid chromatography, the combination of eluents including,
at least two eluents selected from the group consisting of an eluent L that contains a phosphoric acid monohydrogen dialkali metal salt (component 1) and a phosphoric acid dihydrogen monoalkali metal salt (component 2) as components and that has a content of component 1 of from 0.08% by mass to 0.50% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent L, a content of component 2 of from 0.04% by mass to 1.2% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent L, and a ratio of component 2/component 1 of from 0.4 to 10; an eluent O that has a content of component 1 of less than 0.07% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent O, a content of component 2 of from more than 1.4% by mass to 2.0% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent O, and a ratio of component 2/component 1 of more than 20; and an eluent M that has a content of component 1 of from 0.40% by mass to less than 1.04% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent M, a content of component 2 of from more than 0.26% by mass to 0.88% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent M, and a ratio of component 2/component 1 of from more than 0.25 to 2.2.
<31> An aspect of the invention is the combination of eluents according to <30>, in which at least two eluents selected from the group consisting of the eluent L, the eluent O, and the eluent M are in a state of not being mixed.
<32> An aspect of the invention is the combination of eluents according to <30>, the combination of eluents including an eluent that satisfies the following (a) and a mixed liquid that satisfies the following (b), in which
the eluent that satisfies the following (a) and the mixed liquid that satisfies the following (b) correspond to at least one of a state of not being mixed or a state of being mixed:
(a) at least one eluent selected from the group consisting of the eluent L, the eluent O, and the eluent M; and
(b) at least one mixed liquid prepared by mixing two or more kinds of eluents selected from the group consisting of the eluent L, the eluent O, and the eluent M.
<33> An aspect of the invention is the combination of eluents according to <30>, the combination of eluents including:
the eluent L;
a mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent L and the eluent O; and
a mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent M and the eluent L.
<34> An aspect of the invention is the combination of eluents according to any one of <30> to <33>, in which at least one hemoglobin variant of HbBart's, HbH, HbF, HbA1c, HbA0, HbA2, HbE, HbD, HbS, HbC, or HbConstantSpring is measured.
<35> An aspect of the invention is the combination of eluents according to any one of <30> to <34>, the combination of eluents including the eluent L, in which an osmotic pressure of the eluent L is from 35 mOsm to 200 mOsm.
<36> An aspect of the invention is the combination of eluents according to any one of <30> to <35>, the combination of eluents including the eluent O, in which an osmotic pressure of the eluent O is from 170 mOsm to 290 mOsm.
<37> An aspect of the invention is the combination of eluents according to any one of <30> to <36>, the combination of eluents including the eluent M, in which an osmotic pressure of the eluent M is from 160 mOsm to 210 mOsm.
<38> An aspect of the invention is the combination of eluents according to any one of <30> to <37>, the combination of eluents including a mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent L and the eluent O, in which a mixing ratio of the mixed liquid is eluent L:eluent O of from 1:2 to 1:4.
<39> An aspect of the invention is the combination of eluents according to any one of <30> to <38>, the combination of eluents including a mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent M and the eluent L, in which a mixing ratio of the mixed liquid is eluent M:eluent L of from 1:2 to 1:4.
<40> An aspect of the invention is the combination of eluents according to any one of <30> to <39>, in which at least one hemoglobin variant of HbBart's, HbH, HbF, HbA1c, HbA0, HbA2, HbE, HbD, HbS, HbC, or HbConstantSpring is measured.
<41> An aspect of the invention is at least one mixed liquid prepared by mixing two or more kinds of eluents selected from the group consisting of the eluent L, the eluent O, and the eluent M in the combination according to <30>.
<42> An aspect of the invention is the mixed liquid according to <41>, in which the mixed liquid is at least one mixed liquid prepared by mixing at least one of the eluent O or the eluent M with the eluent L.
<43> An aspect of the invention is the mixed liquid according to <41> or <42>, in which at least one hemoglobin variant of HbBart's, HbH, HbF, HbA1c, HbA0, HbA2, HbE, HbD, HbS, HbC, or HbConstantSpring is measured.
<44> An aspect of the invention is the mixed liquid according to any one of <41> to <43>, the mixed liquid including the eluent L, in which an osmotic pressure of the eluent L is from 35 mOsm to 200 mOsm.
<45> An aspect of the invention is the mixed liquid according to any one of <41> to <44>, the mixed liquid including the eluent O, in which an osmotic pressure of the eluent O is from 170 mOsm to 290 mOsm.
<46> An aspect of the invention is the mixed liquid according to any one of <41> to <45>, the mixed liquid including the eluent M, in which an osmotic pressure of the eluent M is from 160 mOsm to 210 mOsm.
<47> An aspect of the invention is the mixed liquid according to any one of <41> to <46>, in which
the mixed liquid is prepared by mixing the eluent L and the eluent O, and
a mixing ratio of the eluents is eluent L:eluent O of from 1:2 to 1:4.
<48> An aspect of the invention is the mixed liquid according to any one of <41> to <47>, in which
a mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent M and the eluent L, and
a mixing ratio of the eluents is eluent M:eluent L of from 1:2 to 1:4.
<49> An aspect of the invention is the mixed liquid according to any one of <41> to <48>, in which at least one hemoglobin variant of HbBart's, HbH, HbF, HbA1c, HbA0, HbA2, HbE, HbD, HbS, HbC, or HbConstantSpring is measured.
<50> An aspect of the invention is the measurement method according to any one of <1> to <17>, in which the eluent is supplied to a separation column.
<51> An aspect of the invention is the measurement method according to <50>, in which a flow rate when supplying the eluent to the separation column is 0.001 ml/min or more.
<52> An aspect of the invention is the measurement method according to <50> or <51>, in which a flow rate when supplying the eluent to the separation column is 5.0 ml/min or less.
<53> An aspect of the invention is the measurement method according to any one of <5> to <8>, <12>, <13>, <16>, and <17>, in which the mixed liquid is supplied to a separation column.
<54> An aspect of the invention is the measurement method according to <53>, in which a flow rate when supplying the mixed liquid to the separation column is 0.001 ml/min or more.
<55> An aspect of the invention is the measurement method according to <53> or <54>, in which a flow rate when supplying the mixed liquid to the separation column is 5.0 ml/min or less.
<56> An aspect of the invention is the measurement apparatus according to any one of <18> to <21>, in which a flow rate when supplying the eluent to the separation column is 0.001 ml/min or more.
<57> An aspect of the invention is the measurement apparatus according to any one of <18> to <21>, and <56>, in which a flow rate when supplying the eluent to the separation column is 5.0 ml/min or less.
<58> An aspect of the invention is the measurement apparatus according to <19> or <20>, in which a flow rate when supplying the mixed liquid to the separation column is 0.001 ml/min or more.
<59> An aspect of the invention is the measurement apparatus according to any one of <19>, <20>, and <58>, in which a flow rate when supplying the mixed liquid to the separation column is 5.0 ml/min or less.
<60> An aspect of the invention is the measurement apparatus according to any one of <18> to <21> and <56> to <59>, in which the separation column is a cation exchange column.
<61> An aspect of the invention is the measurement apparatus according to <60>, in which a cation exchange group of the cation exchange column is at least any one of a sulfo group, a carboxyl group, or a phosphoric acid group.
<62> An aspect of the invention is the measurement apparatus according to <60>, in which a cation exchange group of the cation exchange column is a sulfo group.
<63> An aspect of the invention is the measurement apparatus according to any one of <18> to <21> and <56> to <62>, in which a column packing material of the separation column is a polymer gel or an inorganic gel.
<64> An aspect of the invention is the measurement apparatus according to <63>, in which the column packing material is a polymer gel, and the polymer gel is a methacrylic acid-methacrylic acid ester copolymer.
<65> An aspect of the invention is the measurement apparatus according to any one of <18> to <21> and <56> to <64>, in which a length of the separation column is 1 mm or more.
<66> An aspect of the invention is the measurement apparatus according to any one of <18> to <21> and <56> to <65>, in which a length of the separation column is 300 mm or less.
<67> An aspect of the invention is the measurement apparatus according to any one of <18> to <21> and <56> to <66>, in which an inner diameter of the separation column is 0.1 mm or more.
<68> An aspect of the invention is the measurement apparatus according to any one of <18> to <21> and <56> to <67>, in which an inner diameter of the separation column is 50 mm or less.
<69> An aspect of the invention is the measurement apparatus according to any one of <18> to <21> and <56> to <68>, in which an average particle size of a column packing material in the separation column is 0.1 μm or more.
<70> An aspect of the invention is the measurement apparatus according to any one of <18> to <21> and <56> to <69>, in which an average particle size of a column packing material in the separation column is 50 μm or less.
According to an aspect of the invention, it is possible to provide a measurement method, a measurement apparatus and an eluent that can measure at least one kind of hemoglobin selected from abnormal hemoglobin or hemoglobin that is a marker for thalassemia.
HbBart's, HbF, HbA0, HbE, HbD, HbS, HbC and HbCS as the measurement sample of Example 1.
Hereinafter, embodiments according to the measurement method of an aspect of the invention will be described in detail.
In an embodiment according to the measurement method of an aspect of the invention, it is possible to measure at least one kind of hemoglobin of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), hemoglobin A0 (HbA0), abnormal hemoglobin (abnormal Hb), or hemoglobin that is a marker for thalassemia by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using an eluent singly or a plurality of eluents as a mixture. Incidentally, examples of the high-performance liquid chromatography method include a cation exchange chromatography method, an anion exchange chromatography method, a partition chromatography method, a reversed-phase partition chromatography method, an affinity chromatography method, and a gel filtration chromatography method.
HbA1c is a kind of glycated protein in which hemoglobin is bound to glucose and is an indicator for diabetes diagnosis. In addition, HbA0 accounts for most of the hemoglobin in the blood sample and accounts for about 90% of the total hemoglobin in a healthy individual. In addition, there is HbF or HbA2 as hemoglobin that is contained in a healthy individual.
Examples of the abnormal Hb include HbE, HbS, HbD, and HbC. The measurable abnormal Hb varies depending on the pH and osmotic pressure of the eluent or a mixed liquid prepared by mixing a plurality of eluents, and the concentration of each component.
In addition, in an embodiment according to the measurement method of an aspect of the invention, it is possible to measure hemoglobin that is a marker for thalassemia by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using an eluent singly or a plurality of eluents as a mixture. Examples of the hemoglobin that is a marker for thalassemia include HbBart's, HbH, and HbConstantSpring (hereinafter, also referred to as “HbCS”).
Incidentally, HbA1c, HbA0, HbF, HbA2, abnormal hemoglobin, and hemoglobin that is a marker for thalassemia are generally referred to as the “hemoglobin variants” hereinafter.
In the measurement method according to an aspect of the invention, various kinds of hemoglobin variants as described above are the target to be measured. Moreover, it is possible to separate and measure the hemoglobin variants that are not the target to be separated and measured by the techniques of JP-A No. H05-281222 and JP-A No. 2009-236768 described above.
The sample that is used in an aspect of the invention refers to those which are prepared from a sample raw material. The sample raw material is a biological sample containing a hemoglobin variant. Examples of the biological sample include blood, a blood-derived product containing a red blood cell component, saliva, and cerebrospinal fluid. As the blood, blood collected from a living body is mentioned, and the blood is preferably blood of an animal, more preferably blood of Mammalia, and still more preferably human blood. As the blood-derived product containing a red blood cell component, those which are separated or prepared from blood and contain a red blood cell component are mentioned and examples thereof include a blood cell fraction from which blood plasma is removed, a blood cell concentrate, a freeze-dried matter of blood or blood cell, a hemolyzed sample prepared by subjecting whole blood to the hemolysis treatment, blood prepared by centrifugal separation, and blood prepared by spontaneous sedimentation.
The sample that is used in an aspect of the invention may be those which are prepared by diluting a sample raw material. In addition, the concentration (content) of the sample raw material in the sample is preferably from 1% by mass to 30% by mass from the viewpoint of the suppression of hemoglobin denaturation.
(Eluent L)
The eluent L used in the measurement method of an aspect of the invention is an eluent that contains a phosphoric acid monohydrogen dialkali metal salt (component 1) and a phosphoric acid dihydrogen monoalkali metal salt (component 2) as components and that has a content of component 1 of from 0.08% by mass to 0.50% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent L, a content of component 2 of from 0.04% by mass to 1.2% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent L, and a ratio of component 2/component 1 of from 0.4 to 10.
It is possible to measure abnormal hemoglobin, hemoglobin that is a marker for thalassemia, and the like by using the eluent L in the measurement of hemoglobin variants singly or in combination with other eluents. In addition, for example, it is possible to simultaneously measure at least two kinds of hemoglobin of normal hemoglobin, abnormal hemoglobin, and hemoglobin that is a marker for thalassemia, for example, it is possible to collectively measure at least one of the hemoglobin variants such as HbBart's, HbH, HbF, HbA1c, HbA0, HbA2, HbE, HbD, HbS, HbC, and HbConstantSpring, and in particular, it is possible to collectively measure at least one of the hemoglobin variants such as HbBart's, HbH, HbF, HbA0, HbE, HbA2, HbD, and HbS. In particular, it is possible to collectively measure hemoglobin variants such as HbA0, HbE, HbA2, and HbD by using the eluent L singly. Incidentally, Hb that is eluted before Hb of the target to be measured can be eluted by another eluent, if necessary.
Incidentally, in the measurement method of measuring hemoglobin variants according to an aspect of the invention, a sample is injected into a separation column, an eluent is then supplied to the separation column, and the hemoglobin contained in the sample is separated and measured according to the eluent supplied.
In addition, in a case in which the eluent L is supplied to separate, for example, HbA0, HbE, and HbD, it is possible to separate each of these hemoglobin variants with high accuracy according to the measurement time, for example, as the elution times of these hemoglobin variants from the separation column do not overlap with one another. Furthermore, in a case in which the eluent L is supplied to separate, for example, HbA0, HbA2, and HbD as well, it is possible to separate each of these hemoglobin variants with high accuracy according to the measurement time, for example, as the elution times of these hemoglobin variants from the separation column do not overlap with one another.
The ratio of the component 1 to the component 2 of the eluent L is not limited as long as the above numerical range is satisfied, but the content of component 1 is preferably from 0.15% by mass to 0.40% by mass, more preferably from 0.20% by mass to 0.29% by mass, and still more preferably from 0.20% by mass to 0.27% by mass. The content of component 2 is preferably from 0.35% by mass to 1.05% by mass, and more preferably from 0.60% by mass to 0.70% by mass. The ratio of component 2/component 1 is preferably from 1.4 to 7.0, and more preferably from 2.2 to 3.5.
The osmotic pressure of the eluent L is preferably from 35 mOsm to 200 mOsm, more preferably from 80 mOsm to 185 mOsm, and still more preferably from 125 mOsm to 140 mOsm. The osmotic pressure of the eluent L or the respective eluents presented below can be adjusted by changing the concentrations of the phosphoric acid monohydrogen dialkali metal salt (component 1) and the phosphoric acid dihydrogen monoalkali metal salt (component 2).
The pH of the eluent L is preferably from 5.5 to 7.4, more preferably from 5.8 to 6.7, and still more preferably from 6.2 to 6.4.
It is preferable to prepare the eluent L by adding other additives in addition to the component 1 and component 2 described above. As the other additives, for example, a buffering agent, an inorganic salt, a pH adjusting agent, a water-soluble organic solvent, a preservative, a hemoglobin stabilizer and a chaotropic ion may be added. In addition, the eluent L may be diluted with distilled water and the like.
Examples of the buffering agent to be added to the eluent L include an organic substance such as a carboxylic acid, a dicarboxylic acid, a carboxylic acid derivative, hydroxycarboxylic acid, aniline or an aniline derivative, an amino acid, an amine, an imidazole, or an alcohol in addition to an inorganic substance such as phosphoric acid, boric acid, or carbonic acid. In addition, the buffering agent may be an organic substance such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, pyrophosphoric acid, pyridine, cacodylic acid, glycerol phosphate, 2,4,6-collidine, N-ethylmorpholine, morpholine, 4-aminopyridine, ammonia, ephedrine, hydroxyproline, piperidine, tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, or glycylglycine. The content of the buffering agent in the eluent L may be in any range as long as the buffering effect is exhibited, and it is preferably from 1 mM to 1000 mM and more preferably from 10 mM to 500 mM. In addition, a kind of the buffering agents may be used or kinds of the agents may be used concurrently, and for example, an organic substance and an inorganic substance may be used concurrently.
Examples of the inorganic salt to be added to the eluent L include sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and sodium phosphate. It is possible to optimize the peak elution of the hemoglobin variants by adding an inorganic salt to the eluent L. The concentration of these inorganic salts is not particularly limited, and it is preferably from 1 mM to 1500 mM.
Examples of the pH adjusting agent to be added to the eluent L include an acid and a base which are known. Examples of the acid include hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, and sulfuric acid, and examples of the base include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide. The concentration of these acids and bases is not particularly limited, and it is preferably from 0.001 mM to 500 mM.
Examples of the water-soluble organic solvent to be added to the eluent L include methanol, ethanol, 2-phenoxyethanol, acetonitrile, and acetone. As the concentration of these water-soluble organic solvents, it is preferable to use these water-soluble organic solvents to the extent to which a salt and the like do not precipitate, and the preferred upper limit thereof is 80% (v/v).
Examples of the preservative to be added to the eluent L include sodium azide, thymol, and sodium propionate. The concentration of these preservatives is not particularly limited, and it is preferably from 0.1 mM to 100 mM.
In addition, examples of the hemoglobin stabilizer to be added to the eluent L include a known stabilizer, for example, a chelating agent such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), or a reductant or an antioxidant such as glutathione or sodium azide. The concentration of these hemoglobin stabilizers is not particularly limited, and it is preferably from 0.1 mM to 100 mM.
In addition, a chaotropic ion may be added to the eluent L. The chaotropic ion is an ion which is generated by the dissociation when a compound is dissolved in an aqueous solution, breaks the structure of water, and suppresses a decrease in entropy of water occurring when a hydrophobic substance comes in contact with water.
As the chaotropic ion to be added to the eluent L, there is a chaotropic ion of an anion and a cation. Examples of the chaotropic ion of an anion include tribromoacetate ion, trichloroacetate ion, thiocyanate ion, iodide ion, perchlorate ion, dichloroacetate ion, nitrate ion, bromide ion, chloride ion, and acetate ion, and examples of the chaotropic ion of a cation include barium ion, calcium ion, lithium ion, a cesium ion, potassium ion, magnesium ion, and guanidinium ion. The content of the chaotropic ion in the eluent L is preferably from 0.1 mM to 3000 mM, more preferably from 1 mM to 1000 mM, and still more preferably from 10 mM to 500 mM. The separation effect increases in the measurement of the hemoglobin variants as the content is 0.1 mM or more, and it is possible to efficiently improve the separation effect of the hemoglobin variants as the content is 3000 mM or less.
(Eluent O)
The eluent O used in the measurement method of an aspect of the invention is an eluent that contains a phosphoric acid monohydrogen dialkali metal salt (component 1) and a phosphoric acid dihydrogen monoalkali metal salt (component 2) as components and that has a content of component 1 of less than 0.07% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent O, a content of component 2 of from more than 1.4% by mass to 2.0% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent O, and a ratio of component 2/component 1 of more than 20.
It is possible to measure at least one of the hemoglobin variants such as HbBart's, HbH, HbF, HbA1c, HbA0, HbA2, HbE, HbD, HbS, HbC, and HbConstantSpring by using the eluent O in the measurement of hemoglobin variants singly or in combination with other eluents, and in particular, it is possible to measure hemoglobin variants such as HbBart's, HbH, HbF, and HbA1c. It is possible to measure hemoglobin that is a marker for thalassemia such as HbBart's by using the eluent O singly. Incidentally, Hb that is eluted before Hb of the target to be measured can be eluted by another eluent, if necessary.
The ratio of the component 1 to the component 2 of the eluent O is not limited as long as the above numerical range is satisfied, but the content of component 1 is preferably 0.05% by mass or less, more preferably 0.04% by mass or less, and still more preferably 0.03% by mass or less. The lower limit of the content of component 1 is not particularly limited, and it is preferably 0.001% by mass or more, more preferably 0.002% by mass or more, and still more preferably 0.01% by mass or more. Furthermore, the content of component 2 is preferably from 1.42% by mass to 1.70% by mass and more preferably from 1.44% by mass to 1.60% by mass. The ratio of component 2/component 1 is preferably 25 or more, more preferably 40 or more, and still more preferably 48 or more. The upper limit of the ratio of component 2/component 1 is preferably 1000 or less and more preferably 300 or less.
The osmotic pressure of the eluent O is preferably from 170 mOsm to 290 mOsm, more preferably from 190 mOsm to 220 mOsm, and still more preferably from 200 mOsm to 210 mOsm.
The pH of the eluent O is preferably 5.4 or less, more preferably from 4.8 to 5.4, and still more preferably from 5.0 to 5.3.
It is preferable to prepare the eluent O which satisfies the above numerical range by adding other additives in addition to the phosphoric acid-based buffer solution containing the component 1 and the component 2. The other additives are the same as those in the case of preparing the eluent L described above.
(Eluent M)
The eluent M used in the measurement method of measuring hemoglobin variants according to an aspect of the invention is an eluent that contains a phosphoric acid monohydrogen dialkali metal salt (component 1) and a phosphoric acid dihydrogen monoalkali metal salt (component 2) as components and that has a content of component 1 of from 0.40% by mass to less than 1.04% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent M, a content of component 2 of from more than 0.26% by mass to 0.88% by mass with respect to a total mass of the eluent M, and a ratio of component 2/component 1 of from more than 0.25 to 2.2.
It is possible to measure at least one kind of hemoglobin of normal hemoglobin, abnormal hemoglobin, or hemoglobin that is a marker for thalassemia such as HbBart's, HbH, HbF, HbA1c, HbA0, HbE, HbA2, HbD, HbS, HbC, or HbCS by using the eluent M in the measurement of hemoglobin variants singly or in combination with other eluents. In particular, it is possible to measure abnormal hemoglobin such as HbC, and hemoglobin that is a marker for thalassemia such as HbCS by using the eluent M singly. Incidentally, Hb that is eluted before Hb of the target to be measured can be eluted by another eluent, if necessary. Incidentally, in more detail, it is possible to separate each of the measurable hemoglobin variants such as HbC and HbCS with high accuracy according to the measurement time, for example, as the elution times of these hemoglobin variants from the separation column do not overlap with one another.
The ratio of the component 1 to the component 2 of the eluent M is not limited as long as the above numerical range is satisfied, but the content of component 1 is preferably from 0.5% by mass to 0.90% by mass and more preferably from 0.6% by mass to 0.80% by mass, and the content of component 2 is preferably from 0.45% by mass to 0.75% by mass and more preferably from 0.55% by mass to 0.65% by mass. The ratio of component 2/component 1 is preferably from 0.5 to 1.7 and more preferably from 0.7 to 1.4.
The osmotic pressure of the eluent M is preferably from 160 mOsm to 210 mOsm, more preferably from 170 mOsm to 200 mOsm, and still more preferably from 175 mOsm to 190 mOsm.
The pH of the eluent M is preferably 7.3 or less, more preferably from 6.4 to 7.0, and still more preferably from 6.5 to 6.9.
It is preferable to prepare the eluent M which satisfies the above numerical range by adding other additives in addition to the phosphoric acid-based buffer solution containing the component 1 and the component 2. The other additives are the same as those in the case of preparing the eluent L described above.
(Eluent A)
In the measurement method according to an aspect of the invention, an eluent (eluent A) that has a pH of from 5.30 to 5.40 and an osmotic pressure of from 204 mOsm to 210 mOsm may further be used. The eluent A can be obtained by changing the concentrations of the component 1 and the component 2 so as to adjust the pH and the osmotic pressure.
It is possible to collectively measure at least one of HbBart's, HbH, HbF, HbA1c, HbA0, HbA2, HbE, HbD, HbS, HbC, or HbConstantSpring by using the eluent A in the measurement of hemoglobin variants singly or in combination with other eluents, and in particular, it is possible to collectively measure HbBart's, HbH, HbF, HbA1c, HbA0, HbA2, HbE, HbD, HbS, HbC, and HbCS. In particular, it is possible to collectively measure HbF and HbA1c by using the eluent A singly. The eluent A may be used as a mixed liquid prepared by mixing with any of the eluent L, the eluent O, or the eluent M described above, and also the eluent A in combination with the eluent L, the eluent O, and the eluent M may be supplied to the separation column successively. The collective separation of HbAl c and abnormal Hb, or the collective separation of HbAl c and hemoglobin that is a marker for thalassemia is possible as the eluent A is supplied in combination with the eluent L, the eluent O, and the eluent M. Among them, it is possible to collectively measure HbAl c and abnormal Hb by supplying the eluent L and eluent A in combination, and thus it is useful. Incidentally, Hb that is eluted before Hb of the target to be measured can be eluted by another eluent, if necessary.
(Eluent B)
In the measurement method according to an aspect of the invention, an eluent (eluent B) that has a pH of from 7.85 to 8.25 and an osmotic pressure of from 350 mOsm to 600 mOsm may further be used. The eluent B can be obtained by changing the concentrations of the component 1 and the component 2 so as to adjust the pH and the osmotic pressure. In addition, the osmotic pressure of the eluent B is preferably from 370 mOsm to 570 mOsm and more preferably from 400 mOsm to 480 mOsm.
It is possible to collectively measure at least one of HbBart's, HbH, HbF, HbA1c, HbA0, HbA2, HbE, HbD, HbS, HbC, or HbConstantSpring by using a mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent B and the eluent A in the measurement of hemoglobin variants, and in particular, it is possible to collectively measure HbS, HbC and the HbCS. In addition, the eluent B may be used as a mixed liquid prepared by mixing with any of the eluent L, the eluent O, or the eluent M described above. Moreover, the eluent B may be supplied to the separation column after the eluent L, the eluent O, the eluent M, or a mixed liquid thereof is supplied to the separation column successively so as to be used for flushing the sample in the separation column. Incidentally, Hb that is eluted before Hb of the target to be measured can be eluted by another eluent, if necessary.
The eluent L, the eluent O, the eluent M, the eluent A and the eluent B described above may successively be supplied singly, a mixed liquid prepared by mixing any of the eluent L, the eluent O, the eluent M, the eluent A, or the eluent B described above may successively be supplied, or the eluents and the mixed liquids in combination may successively be supplied. It is possible to collectively measure various kinds of hemoglobin variants by supplying the eluents and the mixed liquids in combination.
Among them, in the case of collectively measuring various kinds of hemoglobin variants, it is preferable to supply at least two eluents selected from the group consisting of an eluent (eluent L) that contains a phosphoric acid monohydrogen dialkali metal salt (component 1) and a phosphoric acid dihydrogen monoalkali metal salt (component 2) as components and that has a content of component 1 of from 0.08% by mass to 0.50% by mass, a content of component 2 of from 0.04% by mass to 1.2% by mass, and a ratio of component 2/component 1 of from 0.4 to 10, an eluent (eluent O) that has a content of component 1 of less than 0.07% by mass, a content of component 2 of from more than 1.4% by mass to 2.0% by mass, and a ratio of component 2/component 1 of more than 20, and an eluent (eluent M) that has a content of component 1 of from 0.40% by mass to less than 1.04% by mass, a content of component 2 of from more than 0.26% by mass to 0.88% by mass, and a ratio of component 2/component 1 of from more than 0.25 to 2.2 in combination in high-performance liquid chromatography. Incidentally, Hb that is eluted before Hb of the target to be measured can be eluted by another eluent, if necessary.
As the method of measuring hemoglobin variants, it is preferable to supply the eluents in accordance with any one of the following (I) to (III): (I) at least one eluent selected from the group consisting of the eluent L, the eluent O, and the eluent M is supplied, or at least two eluents selected from the group consisting of the eluent L, the eluent O, and the eluent M are supplied successively without mixing, (II) at least one mixed liquid prepared by mixing two or more kinds of eluents selected from the group consisting of the eluent L, the eluent O, and the eluent M is supplied, and (III) at least one eluent selected from the group consisting of the eluent L, the eluent O, and the eluent M, and at least one mixed liquid prepared by mixing two or more kinds of eluents selected from the group consisting of the eluent L, the eluent O, and the eluent M are supplied successively. This makes it possible to collectively measure various kinds of hemoglobin variants. Incidentally, for (III) described above, the order of supplying the eluent and the mixed liquid is not particularly limited, and they may be supplied in an arbitrary order. Hence, for example, the eluent may be supplied first, the mixed liquid may be supplied first, or the eluent and the mixed liquid may be randomly supplied. Incidentally, Hb that is eluted before Hb of the target to be measured can be eluted by another eluent, if necessary.
In the case of supplying plural kinds of eluents and mixed liquids, either of a linear gradient method or a step gradient method may be adopted.
The flow rate of the respective eluents or the respective mixed liquids when being supplied to the separation column is, for example, preferably 0.001 ml/min or more, more preferably 0.01 ml/min or more, still more preferably 0.05 ml/min or more, still more preferably 0.1 ml/min or more, still more preferably 0.2 ml/min or more, still more preferably 0.3 ml/min or more, still more preferably 1.0 ml/min or more, and still more preferably 1.5 ml/min or more. In addition, the flow rate of the respective eluents or the respective mixed liquids when being supplied to the separation column is, for example, preferably 5.0 ml/min or less, more preferably 4.0 ml/min or less, still more preferably 3.0 ml/min or less, and particularly preferably 2.5 ml/min or less.
The time to supply the respective eluents or the respective mixed liquids to the separation column is not particularly limited, and the time may be determined depending on the kind of the hemoglobin variants of the target to be measured. For the eluent L, the time is preferably from 21 seconds to 105 seconds and more preferably from 30 seconds to 70 seconds. This makes it possible to suitably measure the hemoglobin variants such as HbA0, HbE, HbA2, and HbD and to separate each of the hemoglobin variants with high accuracy according to the measurement time.
The time to supply the eluent O is preferably from 14 seconds to 71 seconds and more preferably from 20 seconds to 47 seconds. This makes it possible to suitably measure HbBart's. In addition, the time to supply the eluent M is preferably from 18 seconds to 95 seconds and more preferably 27 seconds to 63 seconds. This makes it possible to suitably measure hemoglobin such as HbC and HbCS.
As the method of measuring hemoglobin variants according to an aspect of the invention, it is preferable to supply at least the eluent L. It is possible to collectively measure, for example, at least one of the hemoglobin variants such as HbBart's, HbH, HbF, HbA0, HbE, HbA2, HbD, and HbS by supplying the eluent L singly or in combination with other eluents and using it in the measurement of hemoglobin variants. By using the eluent L singly, it is possible to collectively measure hemoglobin variants such as HbA0, HbE, HbA2, and HbD in particular, and it is useful for the measurement of at least one kind of hemoglobin of, for example, normal hemoglobin, abnormal hemoglobin, or hemoglobin that is a marker for thalassemia. Furthermore, it is more preferable to supply the eluent O or the eluent M of another eluent in combination with the eluent L. For example, it is possible to measure hemoglobin variants such as HbH, HbF, and HbAlc by supplying the eluent L and eluent O. In addition, it is possible to measure HbS, for example, by supplying the eluent L and the eluent M. Incidentally, Hb that is eluted before Hb of the target to be measured can be eluted by another eluent, if necessary.
In addition, as the method of measuring hemoglobin variants according to an aspect of the invention, it is preferable to supply a mixed liquid prepared by mixing at least one of the eluent O or the eluent M with the eluent L.
Among them, a mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent L and the eluent O is useful when collectively measuring HbA1c and HbF, and HbH of a thalassemia marker, and a mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent L and the eluent M is useful in measuring abnormal Hb such as HbS.
As the method of measuring hemoglobin variants according to an aspect of the invention, it is more preferable to supply the eluent L, a mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent L and the eluent O, and a mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent M and the eluent L in combination. This makes it possible to collectively measure HbA1c, HbF, HbA0, HbA2, HbH of a thalassemia marker, and a number of abnormal Hb. Examples of the measurable abnormal Hb include HbE, HbS, and HbD.
In an aspect of the invention, HbAl c and abnormal Hb can be collectively measured, and thus the diabetes diagnosis and the identification of at least one kind of hemoglobin of abnormal hemoglobin, or hemoglobin that is a marker for thalassemia can be realized by a single measurement apparatus. Hence, it is possible to cut down the cost as compared with a case in which the measurement of HbAl c and the measurement of at least one kind of hemoglobin of abnormal hemoglobin, or hemoglobin that is a marker for thalassemia are separately conducted. In addition, a highly accurate measurement result of HbA1c can be obtained in the case of measuring a sample containing at least one kind of hemoglobin of abnormal hemoglobin, or hemoglobin that is a marker for thalassemia. Furthermore, it is possible to confirm the presence or absence of at least one kind of hemoglobin of abnormal hemoglobin, or hemoglobin that is a marker for thalassemia at the time of measuring HbAlc, and the results can be utilized in the medical field and for the treatment, test, and research in the clinical laboratory test field.
In the mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent L and the eluent O, the mixing ratio of the eluent L to the eluent O may be adjusted, if appropriate, depending on the hemoglobin of the target to be measured. For example, in a case in which hemoglobin variants such as HbF, and HbAl c are the target to be measured, the mixing ratio of eluent L:eluent O is preferably from 1:2 to 1:4 and more preferably from 1:2.5 to 1:3.5.
The time to supply the mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent L and the eluent O is preferably from 11 seconds to 64 seconds and more preferably from 16 seconds to 39 seconds. This makes it possible to suitably measure HbH, HbA1c, and HbF. In more detail, it is possible to separate each of the measurable hemoglobin variants such as HbH, HbA1c, and HbF with high accuracy according to the measurement time, for example, as the elution times of the hemoglobin variants from the separation column do not overlap with one another.
In addition, for the mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent M and the eluent L, the mixing ratio of the eluent M to the eluent L may be adjusted, if appropriate, depending on the hemoglobin of the target to be measured. For example, in a case in which a hemoglobin variant such as HbS is the target to be measured, the mixing ratio of eluent M:eluent L is preferably from 1:2 to 1:4 and more preferably from 1:2.5 to 1:3.5.
The time to supply the mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent M and the eluent L is preferably from 9 seconds to 47 seconds and more preferably from 13 seconds to 32 seconds. This makes it possible to suitably measure hemoglobin such as HbS.
In addition to these, in the method of measuring hemoglobin variants according to an aspect of the invention, it is preferable to supply at least one liquid selected from the group consisting of the eluent M, the eluent O, and a mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent B and the eluent A. This makes it possible to measure at least one of HbBart's, HbH, HbF, HbA1c, HbA0, HbA2, HbE, HbD, HbS, HbC, or HbConstantSpring, and in particular, it is possible to measure at least one of HbBart's, HbS, HbC, or HbCS.
Among them, it is more preferable to measure the hemoglobin variants by supplying the eluent M and the eluent O successively or to measure the hemoglobin variants by supplying a mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent B and the eluent A and the eluent O successively. It is possible to measure at least one of HbBart's, HbH, HbF, HbA1c, HbA0, HbA2, HbE, HbD, HbS, HbC, or HbConstantSpring, and in particular, it is possible to collectively measure all of HbBart's, HbC and HbCS by supplying the eluent M and the eluent O successively. It is possible to measure at least one of HbBart's, HbH, HbF, HbA1c, HbA0, HbA2, HbE, HbD, HbS, HbC, or HbConstantSpring, and in particular, it is possible to collectively measure all of HbBart's, HbS, HbC, and HbCS by supplying a mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent B and the eluent A and the eluent O successively.
In addition, in the mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent B and the eluent A, the mixing ratio of the eluent B to the eluent A may be adjusted, if appropriate, depending on the hemoglobin of the target to be measured. For example, in a case in which hemoglobin variants such as HbS, HbC, and HbCS are the target to be measured, the mixing ratio of eluent B:eluent A is preferably from 1:2 to 1:4 and more preferably from 1:2.5 to 1:3.5.
The time to supply the mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent B and the eluent A is preferably from 17 seconds to 86 seconds and more preferably from 24 seconds to 57 seconds. This makes it possible to suitably measure hemoglobin such as HbS, HbC, and HbCS.
In a case in which a plurality of eluents are supplied, a plurality of mixed liquids are supplied, or eluents and mixed liquids are supplied in combination, the order (supplying sequence) of supplying the eluents and the mixed liquids is not particularly limited, and the eluents and the mixed liquids may be supplied in an arbitrary order. Examples of the supplying sequence include the following supplying sequence 1 to supplying sequence 5.
(Supplying Sequence 1)
In the case of supplying the eluent L, the eluent O and the eluent M as the eluent, the order of supplying is not limited as described above, but it is preferable to supply them in the order of the eluent O, the eluent L, and the eluent M. This makes it possible to measure at least one of the hemoglobin variants such as HbBart's, HbH, HbF, HbA1c, HbA0, HbE, HbA2, HbD, HbS, HbC, and HbCS, and in particular, it is possible to collectively measure the hemoglobin variants such as HbBart's, HbA0, HbE, HbA2, HbD, HbC, and HbCS. In addition, the measurable hemoglobin variants can be separated into each hemoglobin variant with high accuracy according to the measurement time.
In addition, for example, in the case of separating HbA0, HbE, and HbD or separating HbA0, HbA2, and HbD by supplying the eluent L, it is possible to separate the respective hemoglobin variants with high accuracy according to the measurement time, for example, as the elution times of these hemoglobin variants from the separation column do not overlap with one another. Furthermore, for example, in the case of separating HbC and HbCS by supplying the eluent M, it is possible to separate the respective hemoglobin variants with high accuracy according to the measurement time, for example, as the elution times of these hemoglobin variants from the separation column do not overlap with each other.
(Supplying Sequence 2)
In the case of supplying (1) the eluent O and (2) the eluent L in this order, a mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent L and the eluent O may be supplied between (1) and (2). It is possible to collectively measure HbH, HbA1c and HbF by supplying the mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent L and the eluent O. Hence, it is possible to measure at least one of HbBart's, HbH, HbF, HbA1c, HbA0, HbA2, HbE, or HbD, and it is possible to separate the measurable hemoglobin variants with high accuracy according to the measurement time, for example, as the elution times of the respective hemoglobin variants from the separation column do not overlap with one another.
(Supplying Sequence 3)
Next, in the case of supplying (1) the eluent L and (2) the eluent M in this order, a mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent M and the eluent L may be supplied between (1) and (2). It is possible to measure abnormal Hb such as HbS by supplying the mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent M and the eluent L. Hence, it is possible to measure at least one of HbA0, HbA2, HbE, HbD, HbS, HbC, or HbConstantSpring, and it is possible to separate the measurable hemoglobin variants with high accuracy according to the measurement time, for example, as the elution times of the respective hemoglobin variants from the separation column do not overlap with one another.
(Supplying Sequence 4)
It is preferable to supply the eluent O, the mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent L and the eluent O, the eluent L, the mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent M and the eluent L, and the eluent M in this order. By virtue of this, the collective measurement of hemoglobin variants such as HbBart's, HbH, HbF, HbA1c, HbA0, HbE, HbA2, HbD, HbS, HbC, and HbCS is possible. It is possible to separate the measurable hemoglobin variants into each hemoglobin variant with high accuracy according to the measurement time.
In addition, for example, in the case of separating HbH, HbA1c, and HbF by supplying the mixed liquid prepared by mixing the eluent L and the eluent O, each of the hemoglobin variants can be separated with high accuracy according to the measurement time, for example, as the elution times of these hemoglobin variants from the separation column do not overlap with one another.
(Supplying Sequence 5)
Moreover, it is preferable to supply (1) the eluent O, (2) the eluent A, and (3) the eluent L in this order. This makes it possible to collectively measure HbBart's, HbH, HbF, HbA1c, HbA0, HbE, HbA2, and HbD. For example, it is possible to separate the measurable hemoglobin variants with high accuracy according to the measurement time, for example, as the elution times of the respective hemoglobin variants from the separation column do not overlap with one another.
The supplying sequences other than the supplying sequences 1 to 5 described above are also included in the scope of the invention in the case of using the eluent L, the eluent O, the eluent M, the eluent A or the eluent B.
Hereinafter, the configuration of the measurement apparatus and the operation flow of the measurement apparatus according to an aspect of the invention will be described with reference to
Incidentally, the method of measuring hemoglobin variants described above can be implemented using a measurement apparatus to be described below.
The eluent tank 1 is a tank for storing each of the eluents described above. A plurality of eluent tanks 1 are provided, and each of the eluents described above is stored in each of the eluent tanks 1 The eluent stored in the eluent tank 1 is supplied to the switching valve 2 and the supply pump 3 via a flow path.
It is possible to change the eluent to be supplied by switching the switching valve 2. For example, the switching valve 2 is driven on the basis of the supplying sequence set and thus the switching valve 2 is switched, and supplying of the eluent in accordance with the sequence is conducted.
It is possible to supply an eluent with constant flow to the injection valve 5 by the supply pump 3, and it is possible to confirm that the eluent with constant flow is supplied without fluctuation in pressure by the pressure gauge 4. In addition, it is possible to mix the respective eluents in the flow path by continuously switching the switching valve 2 when the eluents are supplied by the supply pump 3.
By the auto-sampler 6, the measurement sample passes through the injection valve 5 and is injected into the separation column 7. Furthermore, the eluent also passes through the injection valve 5 and is injected into the separation column 7. Thereafter, the separation of the hemoglobin variants is conducted in the inside of the separation column 7 by the eluent supplied, the hemoglobin variants are eluted in accordance with the kind of the eluent supplied and emerge from the separation column 7.
The hemoglobin variant emerged is detected by the detector 8 such as an ultraviolet or visible spectrophotometer. The chromatogram is drawn in accordance with the detection result by the detector 8 and displayed on a display device (not illustrated). After detection by the detector 8, the liquid containing the hemoglobin variant is injected into the waste liquor container 9 as the waste liquor.
The measurement apparatus for measuring hemoglobin variants is not particularly limited, and it is possible to use a commercially available high-performance liquid chromatographic system.
Examples of the separation column include a cation exchange column. The cation exchange column preferably contains, for example, at least any of a sulfo group, a carboxyl group, or a phosphoric acid group as a cation exchange group, and more preferably contains a sulfo group as a cation exchange group.
For the separation column, those which are filled with a column packing material of a column base may be used. Examples of the column packing material include a polymer gel such as a methacrylic acid-methacrylic acid ester copolymer or an acrylic acid-acrylic acid ester copolymer, or an inorganic gel such as silica gel. Among them, a methacrylic acid-methacrylic acid ester copolymer is preferable.
The length of the separation column is, for example, preferably 1 mm or more, more preferably 5 mm or more, and still more preferably 10 mm or more. In addition, the length of the separation column is, for example, preferably 300 mm or less, more preferably 200 mm or less, still more preferably 150 mm or less, still more preferably 100 mm or less, still more preferably 75 mm or less, still more preferably 50 mm or less, still more preferably 40 mm or less, still more preferably 35 mm or less, and still more preferably 30 mm or less.
The inner diameter (φ) of the separation column is, for example, preferably 0.1 mm or more, more preferably 0.2 mm or more, still more preferably 0.3 mm or more, still more preferably 0.5 mm or more, still more preferably 1 mm or more, still more preferably 2 mm or more, and still more preferably 3 mm or more. In addition, the internal diameter of the separation column is, for example, preferably 50 mm or less, more preferably 30 mm or less, still more preferably 20 mm or less, still more preferably 10 mm or less, and still more preferably 5 mm or less.
The average particle size of the column packing material in the separation column is, for example, preferably 0.1 μm or more, more preferably 0.5 μm or more, still more preferably 1 μm or more, and particularly preferably 3 μm or more. In addition, the average particle size of the column packing material in the separation column is, for example, preferably 50 μm or less, more preferably 20 μm or less, and still more preferably 10 μm or less.
The coefficient value of variation (CV value) of the average particle size of the column packing material in the separation column is not particularly limited, and it is preferably 40% or less, more preferably 30% or less, and still more preferably 15% or less. Incidentally, the CV value means a numerical value determined by the following Formula.
CV value (%)=(standard deviation of particle size/average particle size)×100
In addition, it is preferable that the measurement apparatus for measuring hemoglobin variants has one supply pump. It is possible to decrease the size and cost of the measurement apparatus when a configuration is adopted in which the respective eluents or the mixed liquid prepared by mixing the respective eluents are supplied to the separation column successively by one supply pump. Incidentally, the measurement apparatus for measuring hemoglobin variants may adopt a gradient method in which two or more supply pumps are provided, a tank containing one eluent is connected to one supply pump, and the eluents are supplied to the separation column while changing the mixing ratio of two or more kinds of eluents.
Next, the results obtained by measuring respective hemoglobin variants by the measurement method of an aspect of the invention will be described in accordance with the following Examples, but the invention is not limited to Examples. Incidentally, in the following description, the “%” means “% by mass” in all cases unless otherwise specified.
[Measurement Conditions]
In the following Examples and Comparative Examples, the measurement of hemoglobin variants was conducted in accordance with the following measurement conditions.
In the method of measuring hemoglobin variants of Example 1, the eluent L, the eluent O, the eluent M and the eluent B were used singly or by mixing at a mixing ratio as presented in the following supplying sequence. The measurement sample and the eluent B used in the present Example are as presented below, and the eluent L, the eluent O, and the eluent M are as presented in the following Table 1.
The hemoglobin variants were measured using the specimens of (1) to (3) as the measurement sample and by supplying the respective eluents and the respective mixed liquids to the separation column in the following order of (I) to (VII).
The measurement results of Example 1 are illustrated in
As illustrated in
Next, as illustrated in
In addition, as illustrated in
In the method of measuring hemoglobin variants of Example 2, the eluent L, the eluent O, the eluent A and the eluent B were used singly or by mixing at a mixing ratio as presented in the following supplying sequence. The measurement sample, and the eluent A and the eluent B used in the present Example are as presented below, and the eluent L and the eluent O are as presented in the following Table 2.
The hemoglobin variants were measured using the specimens as the measurement sample and by supplying the respective eluents and the respective mixed liquids to the separation column in the following order of (I) to (VI).
The measurement results of Example 2 are illustrated in
In the method of measuring hemoglobin variants of Example 3, the eluent L, the eluent O, the eluent M and the eluent B were used singly or by mixing at a mixing ratio as presented in the following supplying sequence. In the method of measuring hemoglobin variants of Example 4, comparative eluent L was used instead of the eluent L and the eluent L in the supplying sequence below was changed to the comparative eluent L. The measurement sample and the eluent B used in these Examples are as presented below, and the eluent L, the eluent O, the eluent M and the comparative eluent L are as presented in the following Table 3.
The hemoglobin variants were measured using each of the specimens as the measurement sample and by supplying the respective eluents and the respective mixed liquids to the separation column in the following order of (I) to (VII).
The measurement results of Example 3 are illustrated in
The measurement results of Example 4 are illustrated in
From the results of
In the method of measuring hemoglobin variants of Example 5, the eluent L, the eluent O, the eluent M and the eluent B were used singly or by mixing at a mixing ratio as presented in the following supplying sequence. In the method of measuring hemoglobin variants of Example 6, comparative eluent O was used instead of the eluent O and the eluent O in the supplying sequence below was changed to the comparative eluent O. The measurement sample and the eluent B used in these Examples are as presented below, and the eluent L, the eluent O, the eluent M and the comparative eluent O are as presented in the following Table 4.
The hemoglobin variants were measured using the specimen as the measurement sample and by supplying the respective eluents and the respective mixed liquids to the separation column in the following order of (I) to (VII).
The measurement results of Example 5 are illustrated in
The measurement results of Example 6 are illustrated in
From the results of
In the method of measuring hemoglobin variants of Example 7, the eluent L, the eluent O, the eluent M and the eluent B were used singly or by mixing at a mixing ratio as presented in the following supplying sequence. In the method of measuring hemoglobin variants of Example 8, comparative eluent M was used instead of the eluent M and the eluent M in the supplying sequence below was changed to the comparative eluent M. The measurement sample and the eluent B used in these Examples are as presented below, and the eluent L, the eluent O, the eluent M and the comparative eluent M are as presented in the following Table 5.
The hemoglobin variants were measured using the specimen as the measurement sample and by supplying the respective eluents and the respective mixed liquids to the separation column in the following order of (I) to (VII).
The measurement results of Example 7 are illustrated in
The measurement results of Example 8 are illustrated in
Next, the results of experiments to determine preferred ranges of the ratio of component 2/component 1, the osmotic pressure, and the pH in each eluent by changing the content rates of the component 1 and the component 2 are presented.
[Experiment 1]
First, a range of the ratio of component 2/component 1, a preferred range of the osmotic pressure, and a preferred range of the pH of the eluent L were determined by mixing the component 1 and the component 2 at various content rates. The results are as presented in Table 6,
The criteria of the judgment in Table 6,
A (∘ in
B (Δ in
C (× in
In
In
[Experiment 2]
Next, a range of the ratio of component 2/component 1, a preferred range of the osmotic pressure, and a preferred range of the pH of the eluent M were determined by mixing the component 1 and the component 2 at various content rates. The results are as presented in Table 7,
The criteria of the judgment in Table 7,
A (∘ in
B (Δ in
C (× in
In
In
[Experiment 3]
Next, a range of the ratio of component 2/component 1, a preferred range of the osmotic pressure, and a preferred range of the pH of the eluent O were determined by mixing the component 1 and the component 2 at various content rates. The results are as presented in Table 8,
The criteria of the judgment in Table 8,
A (∘ in
B (Δ in
C (× in
In
In
[Experiment 4]
Next, the ranges of osmotic pressure and pH of the eluent B were determined. The results are as presented in Table 9 and
The criteria of the judgment in Table 9 and
A (∘ in
B (Δ in
In
Incidentally, the same effect as the effect of Examples described above can be obtained using a column that is a different type from the column used in Examples described above as well.
In the liquid chromatographic system described above, the expression “can be measured” means that it can be eluted and is possibly separated from other Hb, and according to Examples, it is possible to measure predetermined hemoglobin using the eluent described above.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2014-131769 | Jun 2014 | JP | national |
| 2015-122201 | Jun 2015 | JP | national |
